Each of the four pedigrees that follow represents a human family within which a genetic disease is segregating. Affected individuals are indicated by filled-in symbols. One of the diseases is transmitted as an autosomal recessive condition, one as an X-linked recessive, one as an autosomal dominant, and one as an X-linked dominant. Assume all four traits are rare in the population and completely penetrant.
Required:
a. Indicate which pedigree represents which mode of inheritance, and explain how you know.
b. For each pedigree, what would you tell the parents about the chance that their child (indicated by the hexagon shape) will have the condition?
Answers
Answer:
The following four traits are -:
Pedigree 1 - A recessive trait (autosomal recessive) is expressed by pedigree 1.Pedigree 2- Recessive inheritance is defined by Pedigree 2. Pedigree 3 - The inheritance of the dominant trait (autosomal dominant) is illustrated by Pedigree 3.Pedigree 4- An X-like dominant trait is expressed by Pedigree 4.Explanation:
Explaination of each pedigree chart-
Pedigree 1 demonstrates the recessive trait since their children have been affected by two unaffected individuals. If the characteristics were X-linked, in order to have an affected daughter, I-1 would have to be affected. [tex]X^A[/tex] In this, both parents are autosomal recessive trait carriers, so the child will be affected by a 1/4 (aa) Recessive inheritance is defined by Pedigree 2. This is X-related inheritance as autosomal recessive inheritance has already been accounted for in part 1. This inference is confirmed by evidence showing that the father (I-1) is unaffected and that only the sons exhibit the characteristic in generation II, suggesting that the mother must be the carrier. The individual I-2 is a carrier for this X-linked trait. A typical Xa chromosome is attached to the unaffected father (I-1), so the chance of carrier II-5 is 1/2. Probability of an affected son = 1/2 (probability II-5 is a carrier) x 1/2 (probability II -5 contributes ([tex]X^A[/tex]) x 1/2 (probability of Y from father II-6) = 1/8. An affected daughter's likelihood is 0 because a typical [tex]X^A[/tex] must be contributed by II-6.The inheritance of the dominant trait is demonstrated by Pedigree 3 because affected children still have affected parents (remember that all four diseases are rare). The trait must be autosomal dominant because it is passed down to the son by the affected father. There is a 1/2 risk that the heterozygous mother (II-5) would pass on mutant alleles to a child of either sex for an autosomal dominant feature.Pedigree 4 is an X-linked dominant function characterized by the transmission to all of his daughters from the affected father but none of his son. On the mutant X chromosome, the father (I-1) passes on to all his daughters and none of his sons. As seen by his normal phenotype, II-6 therefore does not bear the mutation. An affected child's likelihood is 0.In the question the pedigree chart was missing ,hence it is given below.
Answer:
Explanation:
recessive will be when most males are affected, dominant will be when the females are mostly affected
Related Questions
After pioneer plants begin their role in the process of ecological succession , what is the most likely organism to follow? A trees B moss C shrubs D weeds
Answers
Answer:
They are correct
Explanation:
I took a test that had this question and got it right
So Thank You
After pioneer plants begin their role in the process of ecological succession, the most likely organism to follow is shrubs.
What do you mean by Ecological succession?Ecological succession may be defined as the gradual and continuous replacement of one species by another over a specific period of time.
After the primary succession occurs, the pioneer species are evolved, and due to this, the process of ecological succession carries forward. These pioneer species are generally plants that performed photosynthesis.
Therefore, after pioneer plants begin their role in the process of ecological succession, the most likely organism to follow is shrubs.
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1. All of the following are some ways of changing the appearance of solid
materials EXCEPT:
A. bending
B. holding
C. pressing
D. hammering
Answers
Answer:
Hey mate,here is your answer. Hope it helps you
Holding
Explanation:
It is holding. Holding is the only option where in the shape does not change. Other options is where in some way or the other shape changes in form of bending,pressimg and hammering. Hence the correct option is B.
Levi decides to examine the effect of fertilizer on the growth of tomato plants. He chooses four plants for his experiment and applies varying amounts of fertilizer to the three of them. He does not apply fertilizer to one plant. Over a 15-day period, the plants receive fertilizer on Days 1, 4, 7, 10, and 13. Levi measures the height of all of his plants with a meter stick on Days 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15. He also makes sure to hold all experimental factors constant except for the fertilizer. Which statement describes what Levi did to prepare the control group in his experiment?
Answers
This question is incomplete because the options are missing; here are the options:
Which statement describes what Levi did to prepare the control group in his experiment?
A) Levi held all experimental factors constant except for fertilizer.
B) Levi did not apply any fertilizer to one of his plants.
C) Levi applied different amounts of fertilizer to three of his plants.
D) Levi measured his plants on five separate days.
The answer to this question is B. Levi did not apply any fertilizer to one of his plants.
Explanation:
In an experiment, the control group refers to the subject or subjects, in this case, the plants, that do not receive the treatment or variable tested by the researcher. This implies the control group for Levi is the plant with no fertilizer because this is the only plant that does not receive the treatment or fertilizer. Moreover, this acts as a control group because Levi can use this plant to determine if the growth of the other three plants is positively or negatively affected by the use of the fertilizer.
which blood type is considered a universal receiver
A.type B
B.type AB
C.type O
D.type A
Answers
Answer:
Type AB-positive
Explanation:
Answer:
type AB blood
Why do we cut the celery stem under water
Answers
Answer:
Hey! Neko here!
Explanation:
That new empty space inside the leaves creates a low pressure, and like a drinking straw, this low pressure allows water below the leaf to travel up the stem. You’ll see the little tubes the water travels up when you cut the celery stem, and you can see the colour up in the leaves.
hope this helps ig! <3
We cut the celery stem under water to see the color change in the stem due to movement of water through the process of transpiration in the cell.
What is Celery stem?Celery stalks or stems are the petioles of the compound leaves. They are not the stems, in spite of the widespread misrepresentation in elementary school lesson plans only. They may also look like the stems to some people because they are thick and fleshy due to accumulation and have prominent veins which are running lengthwise through them.
When we cut the little tubes or celery stem under water travels up when and we can see the color up in the leaves. This process is called as transpiration. The new empty space which is present inside the leaves creates a low pressure, and just like a drinking straw, this low pressure allows the water below the leaf to travel up the stem.
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What is a gene?
a. a single strand of dna
b. the fundamental unit of heridity
c. a single nucleotide
d.the fundamental unit of dna
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
the fundamental unit of heredity
Answer: b. the fundamental unit of heredity
Explanation:
PLZ HELP THIS IS URGENT
15 POINTS!!!!
WILL GIVE BRANLIST IF THERE ALL RIGHT!!!!
PLZ HELP I HAVE 2 HOURS TO TURN THIS IN!!!
Classify each as a carbohydrate or lipid. 1.carbohydrate
2.lipid
unsaturated fat
phospholipid
triglyceride
steroid
glucose
polysaccharide
starch
cellulose
2.
Classify each as a carbohydrate or lipid.
phospholipid 1.carbohydrate
2.Lipid
forms the cell membrane of all cells
cholesterol
animal and plant structures
provides long-term energy storage for animals
provides immediate energy
one sugar
I NEED THIS DONE RIGHT PLZ AND THANK YOU
HOW YOU WILL ANSER THEM IS
*EXAMPLE*
1.(THE WORD) AND IF ITS A CARBOHYDRATE OR LIPID
Answers
carbohydrate: steroid
Explain why resistance to antibiotics is considered an example of the process of evolution
Answers
Answer:
Antibiotic resistance is a consequence of evolution via natural selection. The antibiotic action is an environmental pressure; those bacteria which have a mutation allowing them to survive will live on to reproduce. They will then pass this trait to their offspring, which will be a fully resistant generation.
Which is NOT a way that scientists study the inside of the Earth? *
O Taking samples from Earth's crust
O Seismic waves
O Drilling to the center of the Earth
O Mapping gravity anomalies
Answers
I'm assuming it's that because it's impossible to drill to the center of earth.
I NEED HELP ASAP PLEASE !!!!
The actual data obtained from the experiment is represented on a line graph by _____.
a.the broken lines between the plotted points
b.the plotted point only
c.the entire line formed
d.Only the plotted point that lie on a straight line
Answers
Answer:
a
Explanation:
the brokenine between the plotted points
________ are freshwater ecosystems with high biodiversity that are also declining in numbers.
A. Lakes
B. Oceans
C. Wetlands
D. Rivers
Answers
Answer: Wetlands
Explanation:
Dont know how to explain it
Answer:
it has to be C. Wetlands
The surface area and volume for four cells are given. Which combination of cell dimensions would be considered the MOST metabolically favorable?
A. cell 1: surface area 14 mm^2, volume 33 mm^3
B. cell 2: surface area 20 mm^2, volume 12 mm^3
C. cell 3: surface area 7 mm^2, volume 17 mm^3
D. cell 4: surface area 5 mm^2, volume 2 mm^3
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
This is because a bad ratio would be one where the volume is larger than the surface area. Once a cell's volume is larger than the surface area, there's not enough surface area to process all the products coming in and waste coming out. Ideally, you'd want a surface area and volume to be as close to each other as possible in number, but you'd rather have the volume be less than the surface area.
Pure liquid water has a pH of
A. 8
B. 9
O
C. 7
O
D. 6
Answers
Answer:
its c 7 pure liquid water has a ph of 7
Question 3
Directions: Look at the Quad Clusters below and identify which property does not belong. Explain your reasoning.
a. Melting point
b. Flammability
c Solubility
d. Conductivity
Answers
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Answer:
a
Explanation:
20 points Please helppppppp!!!!!!!!!!!!!! If oxygen atoms are in low concentration outside of a cell, but the cell requires more oxygen, how will the cell move the oxygen inside the membrane?
Answers
Answer:
Simple Diffusion across the Cell (Plasma) Membrane. The structure of the lipid bilayer allows small, uncharged substances such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, and hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, to pass through the cell membrane, down their concentration gradient, by simple diffusion.
Explanation:
In your summary be sure to use at least two of the following terms cells, energy, organism, macromolecules, homeostasis
Answers
Answer:B
Explanation:
Answer:
The Grand View College (GVC) 2 focuses on understanding the basic components, structures, and functions of living organisms. This includes exploring the cells, macromolecules, and processes that allow an organism to have homeostasis and to obtain, use, and store energy.
Cells are the basic unit of life and have many complex components and functions. They have specialized membranes and organelles, are capable of moving, and interact with their environment to maintain homeostasis. Understanding how these components work together and the ways they communicate is essential.
Macromolecules, such as proteins and carbohydrates, are responsible for the majority of the work done by cells. A deeper understanding of macromolecules helps one understand how cells interact with the environment and how they use energy.
Energy is vital for organisms to maintain their homeostasis. This energy can come from sunlight, chemical reactions, and respiration. Understanding how these processes interact with the cell’s structure and components can help explain the role energy plays in an organism.
Homeostasis is essential for any organism to remain healthy and function properly. It is the result of a combination of factors, including the cell’s structure, components, and potential hazards in the environment. Knowing how organisms handle these factors is important to understanding their ability to maintain homeostasis.
The GVC 2 is a great way to delve deeper into biologists’ understanding of living organisms. By examining the components, structures, and processes that make up an organism, it becomes easier to understand the role they play in its ability to maintain homeostasis and use energy efficiently.
Explanation:
Question 2 of 10
How many hydrogen atoms are present in each water molecule?
A. 2.
B. 4
C. 3
D. 1
Answers
Answer:
A. 2.
Explanation:
A water molecule consists of three atoms; an oxygen atom and (two hydrogen atoms), which are bond together like little magnets. The atoms consist of matter that has a nucleus in the centre.
Answer:
A-2
Explanation:
A water molecule consists of three atoms; an oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms, which are bond together like little magnets. The atoms consist of matter that has a nucleus in the centre.
Hope this helps!
Which moon phases would produce higher high tides !
Answers
Answer:
new moon and full moon
Explanation:
Answer:
The phases of the moon also affect tides. When the moon is at its full or new moon phase, high tides are at their highest, while low tides are lower than usual.
Explanation:
The answer is New moon
What do you think we would see if we looked at that same portion of the sky with an even more powerful telescope that is in space?
Answers
Answer:
hi
Explanation:
more objects and closer. We can also look at more distant points in space
When we look at the same portion of the sky with an even more powerful telescope that is in space then we will be able to see faraway objects. James Webb Space Telescope is the most powerful telescope.
What is Telescope?A telescope is a device used to observe the distant objects present in space by the emission, absorption, and reflection of electromagnetic radiations.
The James Webb Space Telescope is also known as JWST or Webb telescope, which is NASA's largest and most powerful space science telescope till date. The Webb telescope is able to observe the planets at or beyond the orbit of Mars, satellites, asteroids, and Kuiper belt objects.
Many important molecules such as ice, and minerals have the strong characteristic signature at the different wavelengths Webb telescope can observe the objects. Webb telescope can also monitor the weather of planets and their moons.
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Which is one piece of information that astronomers use to calculate the age of the universe?
dark energy
the age of rocks on Earth
the current motion of inner planets
patterns of background radiation
Answers
Answer:
d
Explanation:
The patterns of background radiation are information that astronomers use to calculate the age of the universe. Therefore, the correct statement is option D.
What is CMB radiation?Big Bang theory gives evidence about cosmic microwave background radiation that filled the early universe. The CMB radiation has uniformity in all directions, but it has slight temperature variations.
These variations are the result of small fluctuations in the density of matter in the early universe, which results in the formation of galaxies and other structures.
The patterns of these temperature variations are studied and astronomers learn about the properties of the early universe to make calculations about the age. They can use CMB radiation for estimation of the amount of time passed since the universe began expanding rapidly in the aftermath of the Big Bang.
Therefore, the patterns of background radiation provide very important information from which astronomers can calculate the age of the universe which is estimated to be about 13.8 billion years old.
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What is the term used to describe the heat that is being added or removed from particles? (2 words)
Answers
Answer: I believe it may be latent heat.
Which of these is describing a Eutrophic Lake?
A Mucky Water
B Cold Water
C Low Biodiversity
D Rocky Bottomed
Plz answer
Answers
Answer:
Mucky Water
Explanation:
I'm in high school Aquatics and I had this question popped up
Identify EITHER one nitrogen compound OR one phosphorus compound that is considered a pollutant when released by human activity into the environment. For the compound you identified, describe the human activity and a specific environmental problem that results.
Answers
Answer:
Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP)
Explanation:
Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) is a compound of phosphorus that is used to manufacture detergent.
This chemical is released into the environment when detergents are used to wash dishes or in laundry.
This compound finds its way into water bodies and leads to overgrowth of algae. This is known as eutrophication.
As these algae die, decomposition of the organisms lead to a drop in oxygen level of water bodies and increase in biochemical oxygen demand. As a result of these, some aquatic species may begin to die or relocate to other water bodies.
I just have no clue what to do
Answers
Answer:
A cells; B cells
Explanation:
essentially they are asking about the blood cells I believe
which of the following lists the levels of organization from largest to smallest
Answers
Answer:
organism, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere.
Think of all the components that contribute to the flow of energy and matter in a food web. Which of the following groups forms the base of the food web? Group of answer choices
Answers
Answer:
Producers. Primary producers — including bacteria, phytoplankton, and algae — form the lowest trophic level, the base of the aquatic food web. Primary producers synthesize their own energy without needing to eat.
Explanation:
which cell is placed into a hypotonic environment
Answers
Answer:
I can’t see the cells you’re referring to, however, if there is a cell that is larger than the initial portrayal of the cell, that one is in a hypotonic solution.
Explanation:
Hypotonic solutions are solutions in which the ratio of solvent to solute is low. This allows more water particles to flow into the cell, thus making it appear larger.
As mass increases, the gravitational force .....
Answers
Since the gravitational force is directly proportional to the mass of both interacting objects, more massive objects will attract each other with a greater gravitational force. So as the mass of either object increases, the force of gravitational attraction between them also increases.
Which of these statements about African slaves in America is true?
A. They could meet in groups.
B. They could get an education.
о
C. They had no rights under the law.
D. All of the above
Answers
Answer: C.
Explanation:
Slaves did not have any rights
The statements about African slaves in America are true: they had no rights under the law, which is option C, as the African slaves in America were denied basic human rights and were treated as property rather than as human beings.
What are African slaves?The enslavement of Africans in America is a dark and painful chapter in the history of the United States. Beginning in the early 17th century, millions of Africans were forcibly brought to America and sold into slavery, where they were subjected to a lifetime of bondage, exploitation, and abuse. Under the system of slavery that existed in America, slaves had no legal rights and were not recognized as human beings under the law.
Hence, the statements about African slaves in America are true because they had no rights under the law, which is option C.
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This is my question please help
Answers
Answer:
i think that would be hypothisis because it isnt stated as a question.
Explanation: