Answer:
B. Stocks are a high-risk investment.
Explanation:
B. Stocks are a high-risk investment. This is one disadvantage of buying stocks. The stock market can be volatile, and there is always a risk of losing money, especially if an investor invests in a single company or industry and that company or industry experiences significant losses or downturns. It is important to have a diversified portfolio to mitigate some of this risk.
Which statement correctly describes a union shop?
The worker must be a member of the union before being hired.
The worker is not required to join a labor union before being hired.
Non-union members can be hired provided they join the union within a specified time.
Both non-union and union workers receive the same benefits and wages.
Answer:
Non-union members can be hired provided they join the union within a specified time
1.1 According to the dependency theory, what are some of the causes of inequalities
between African and European countries? Substantiate your discussion with examples from your own observation. (5)
1.2 Discuss the major criticisms against dependency theory. Substantiate your
discussion with suitable examples. (5)
1.3 Discuss differences between global and local PR and provide examples of
organisations that practise global and local PR in South Africa. (5)
Answer:
1.1 Causes of inequalities between African and European countries ccording to dependency theory:
Dependency theory supposes that the underdevelopment of African countries is due to the exploitative relationship between developed European countries and underdeveloped African countries. Some of the causes of this inequality include:
Unequal trade relationships: African countries export raw materials and commodities to European countries at low prices, while European countries export manufactured goods to African countries at high prices.Foreign aid: African countries receive foreign aid from European countries, but this aid is often tied to conditions that benefit the donor countries rather than the recipient countries.Debt: African countries are burdened with debt owed to European countries and international financial institutions. The latter require them to implement policies that prioritize debt repayment over investment in social programs and infrastructure.This scenario reflects in the relationship between the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Belgium. The DRC is rich in natural resources such as diamonds, copper, and cobalt, which Belgium has exploited for its own benefit since colonial times. The DRC continues to export these raw materials to Belgium at low prices, while Belgium exports manufactured goods to the DRC at high prices. Additionally, the DRC is burdened with debt owed to Belgium and international financial institutions. The latter requires the DRC to prioritize debt repayment over investment in social programs and infrastructure.
1.2 Major criticisms against dependency theory:
Dependency theory oversimplifies the relationship between developed and underdeveloped countries. It fails to consider other factors, such as political instability, corruption, and cultural differences.
Dependency theory ignores the agency of underdeveloped countries and assumes that they are passive victims of exploitation.
Dependency theory does not offer a clear solution to the problem of underdevelopment and instead focuses on blaming external factors.
An example of this criticism can be seen in the relationship between South Africa and its neighboring countries. South Africa is a relatively developed country. In contrast, its neighboring countries, such as Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Malawi, struggle with underdevelopment despite their access to resources and aid. This is partly due to political instability, corruption, and cultural differences, which cannot be solely attributed to the exploitative relationship between South Africa and its neighbors.
1.3 Differences between global and local PR:
Global PR involves developing and implementing communication strategies that target audiences across different countries and cultures. This type of PR focuses on building a global brand and maintaining a consistent image across different markets. An example of an organization that practices global PR in South Africa is Coca-Cola. It has a consistent brand image and message across different countries and cultures.
On the other hand, local PR focuses on building relationships with audiences within a specific geographical area or community. This PR is tailored to the local context and considers local customs, languages, and values. An example of an organization that practices local PR in South Africa is Shoprite. It has adapted its marketing strategies to appeal to different communities within South Africa. For example, it offers products and services that are relevant to the specific needs and preferences of each community.
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Overall, both global and local PR are appropriate for organizations operating in South Africa. They must navigate different cultural and linguistic contexts while maintaining a consistent brand image and message.
Explanation:
According to the dependency theory, inequalities between African and European countries are largely due to the historical and ongoing relationship of dependency that African countries have with Europe.
What is dependency theory?Dependency theory explains that the underdevelopment of African countries is due to exploitative relationships with European countries, caused by unequal trade relationships, foreign aid, and debt. An example is the relationship between the DRC and Belgium.
Major criticisms of dependency theory include oversimplification, ignoring the agency of underdeveloped countries, and a lack of clear solutions. An example is the relationship between South Africa and its neighboring countries. Global PR targets audiences across different countries and cultures, focusing on a consistent brand image, while local PR tailors communication strategies to specific geographical areas or communities, considering local customs, languages, and values. Examples include Coca-Cola and Shoprite in South Africa.
Therefore, as per the dependency theory, inequalities between African and European countries are largely due to the historical and ongoing relationship of dependency that African countries have with Europe.
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Under Regulation 187, what must producers provide to a consumer if they are authorized to offer products that provide for both a fee-based and commission-based structure?
A) Nothing- Such products can no longer be sold in New York
B) A disclosure notice that the product's compensation structure could bias the producer's recommendation
C) A comparison form that shows the difference between the products
D) The form from the producer's insurer that authorizes such permission
Option d is fully correct that is The form from the producer's insurer that authorizes such permission.
What conditions must be met for Regulation 187 in New York?A new York When recommending or servicing a policy issued in New York, producers and insurers are required by Regulation 187 to put in place a process that guarantees they are acting only in the best interests of the consumer and not taking the producer's or insurer's financial interests into account.
Recommendations made by a producer in the sale of a policy or in some in-force transactions are governed by Regulation 187. The Regulation places emphasis on direct producer involvement and mandates that producers make recommendations with the best interests of the consumer in mind.
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How does your personal core competencies help you create value for the business where you work, or your life? What can you do to expand or improve your core competencies?
The personal core competencies that help me create value for the business where is determination as well as perseverance.
What are these values?As an entreprenuer one of thevalue that one should have is determination as well as perseverance and these have helped to succeed in the journry of the business.
It should be noted thatduring the journey of the business as an entreprenuer, one will get to the stage where yopu want to give upbut witjh the determination especially wheen there are debts that only is expected to pay as an entreprenbuer they at thatpoint one should persevere.
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discuss with your friends or family
about which of the business presented in the
opinion poll (a business that sells high quality
cleaning products vs. a business that sells educational
toys) is a better idea for the current economic
climate.
A business that sells educational toys is a better idea for the current economic climate, as the population is increasing and every parent want the best possible growth of their child.
The general status of the local, governmental, or international economy is referred to as the "economic climate". The status of the stock market, the employment market, or the accessibility of credit are typically indicators of the economic climate. It could also be a reflection of how investors, economists, businesses, and consumers see the state of the economy.
A particularly strong economic downturn, from 2.7 percent in 2022 to 1.3 percent in 2023, is predicted for advanced economies. A realistic alternative scenario with increased financial sector stress shows that by 2023, global GDP would have fallen to around 2.5 percent, with advanced economies' growth dropping below 1 percent.
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Question 2 (15 Marks) King IV report on governance has elevated the prominence and importance of ethics to unprecedented heights. Provide a high-level analysis on how the adoption of the three ethics principle of the King IV code could have assisted Tongaat Hulett.
The code's guiding tenets are corporate citizenship, sustainability, and leadership. It holds that effective administration rests on morally upright leadership.
The King IV Code of Governance is governed by what rules?The necessary balance of expertise, skills, experience, diversity, and independence must exist for the governing body to effectively and honestly carry out its governance functions and obligations.
According to King IV, the Social & Ethical Committee is in charge of keeping tabs on issues like stakeholder engagement, corporate responsibility, organization ethics, and sustainability and reporting on them.
Are King IV's ideals still applicable today?Nonetheless, King IV's demand that they effectively defend their decisions forces governing bodies to show that they have paid some regard to the principle's purpose. By just obeying commands, which is considered automatic compliance, they are no longer able to disguise their identities.
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What effects does the Federal Reserve have on the economy?
1. prices
2. individual income tax rates
3. income distribution
Prices is the effect that Federal Reserve have on the economy
What effects does the Federal Reserve have on the economy?Thе Federаl Rеsеrvе hаs а significаnt impаct on thе eсonomy in vаrious wаys. Anywаy, оut of thе oрtions givеn, only thе first onе, "pricеs," is аffected by thе Federаl Rеsеrvе's аctions.
Thе Federаl Rеsеrvе is thе centrаl bаnk of thе United Stаtes, аnd it is respоnsible for mаnаging thе country's monеtаry policy. Thе Federаl Rеsеrvе hаs thе pоwer to influence interest rаtes, thе monеy supply, аnd thе аvаilаbility of credit. Thеse аctions, in turn, cаn impаct pricеs, ecоnоmic growth, аnd employment.
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one of the following is not a personal characteristics of successful leader
Self-assurance is not one of the character attributes of a successful leader.
We feel better equipped for life's experiences when we are Self-assurance Confident people are more likely to seize opportunities and advance with others than they are to back away from them.
Confidence motivates us to try something again if the first time doesn't work out. The opposite happens when confidence attributes is low. Anybody can gain confidence over time. Even while it won't always be easy, those with a growth mentality are more likely to succeed in developing the confidence they desire in the areas they want it.
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apter Two: Choice -involving risk and uncertainty 1. Introduction 2. Expected utility 3. Risk aversion 4. Diversification 5. Risk spreading
The Choice including risk and uncertainty is Expected utility. It is a theory in economics that estimates the utility of an action when the outcome is uncertain.
Hence, the correct answer is option 2. . Expected utility.
Risk?Risk is the idea of future uncertainty about departure from projected earnings or outcome. Risk is a measure of how much uncertainty a potential investor is prepared to accept in exchange for a potential return on their investment.
illustrations of economic risk?The future viability of businesses may be threatened by interest rates, currency rates, a recession, inflation, taxation, and shifts in demand and supply. Following, we examine three of the most important economic risk factors and how they may affect enterprises.
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a company has a total assets of br 180000 if it is capital is less than its liability by 75%.
Answer:
w
Explanation:w
How would you approach this using the excel functions of pv and pmt?
Here's the question:
You want to accumulate $1 million by your retirement date, which is 25 years from now. you will make 25 deposits in your bank, with the first occurring today. The bank pays 8% interest, compounded annually. You expect to receive annual raises at 3%, which will offset inflation, and you will let the amount you deposit each year also grow by 3% (i.e, your second deposit will be 3% greater than your first, the third will be 3% greater than the second, etc.) How much must your first deposit be if you are to meet your goal.
To approach this using Excel functions, we can use the PV (present value) and PMT (payment) functions to calculate the amount of the first deposit. Here are the steps:
1. Calculate the future value of the $1 million using the FV (future value) function:
=FV(8%, 25, 0, -1000000)
This returns a value of $4,660,962.91, which is the amount that will accumulate in 25 years at 8% interest.
2. Calculate the present value of the future amount using the PV function:
=PV(8%-3%, 25, -1*FV(8%, 25, 0, -1000000), 0, 1)
This returns a value of $1,257,407.11, which is the amount that needs to be deposited today to accumulate to $4,660,962.91 in 25 years at 8% interest with 3% annual raises.
3. Calculate the payment amount using the PMT function:
=PMT(8%, 25, -1*PV(8%-3%, 25, 0, 1257407.11, 1), 0, 1)*(1+3%)
This returns a value of $68,527.78, which is the amount of the first deposit.
So, the first deposit should be $68,527.78 to accumulate $1 million in 25 years with 8% interest, 3% annual raises, and 3% increase in deposit each year.
A project has an initial cost of $45,000. The incremental inflows associated with the project are $20,000 in year 1, $15,000 in year 2, $10,000 in year 3 and $8,000 in year 4. All cash inflows are at the end of the year. The appropriate discount rate for this project is 8.0%.
What is the project’s modified internal rate of return? Calculate to two decimal places.
a. 3.52%
b. 7.60%
c. 5.35%
d. 8.12%
Answer:
(b) 7.60%.
Explanation:
The project’s modified internal rate of return can be calculated using trial and error or by using financial software. Here's the solution using trial and error:
We can start by assuming a rate and calculating the present value of the incremental inflows. The present value of the inflows is calculated as follows:
PV = $20,000/(1+0.08)^1 + $15,000/(1+0.08)^2 + $10,000/(1+0.08)^3 + $8,000/(1+0.08)^4
PV = $49,915.41
If we assume a discount rate of 8.0%, the present value of the incremental inflows is $49,915.41.
Next, we can calculate the net present value (NPV) of the project using the assumed rate:
NPV = -$100,000 + $49,915.41
NPV = -$50,084.59
Since the NPV is negative, the assumed rate is too high. We can try a lower rate to see if the NPV becomes positive. Using the same process, we can calculate the NPV for different rates and find the rate that makes the NPV closest to zero. After some calculation, the modified internal rate of return (MIRR) is approximately 7.60%.
Therefore, the answer is (b) 7.60%.
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1
Post Test: Securing the Future
Drag each label to the correct location on the image.
Identify the features of stocks and bonds.
coupon rate face value
closing price
Stock
maturity date
Bond
Investment brands that may be purchased and convinced in monetary markets contain money.
Here are a few important traits of each:Stock: Closing price: The cost at that share are persuaded the era. Stocks forbiddance have a "apparent worth of something" essentially. Stock forbiddance has coupons; skilled is no coupon rate.
Stocks forbiddance have an adulthood date; they work steadily.
Bond: Closing price: The cost at that a bond is purchased or persuades the era.Face value: The bond's value when it evolves. The interest is compensated on the bond, or the voucher rate. Date of Maturity: The era the bond grows up and the stockholder accepts their apparent worth of something.
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Adama Garment which is operating in Adama currently has opened four new stores in Ethiopia. Data on monthly sales volume and labor hours are given below for each town. Which store location has the highest labor productivity?3 Adama Garment which is operating in Adama currently has opened four new stores in Ethiopia. Data on monthly sales volume and labor hours are given below for each town. Which store location has the highest labor productivity?
Continued
4. Take a case of one company or the company in which you are working, and then:
Identify the outputs and inputs of the company
Estimate yearly outputs and inputs identified either in value or volume
Calculate single, multiple, and total factor productivity
Output divided by input is productivity. Calculate each store's labor productivity: The highest is 200 birr per work hour in Bale-Robe. Efficiency is typically measured as a percentage of how well a company uses its resources (contributions) to produce labor and goods (yields).
While results might be estimated in terms of deals income, units provided, or other variables, data sources can include labor, materials, energy, and various assets. We would need to gather data on the organization's activities.
Such as the number of hours spent, the cost of unpolished components, and the absolute deal revenue, in order to evaluate annual sources of information and results. The organization's single-factor efficiency (SFP) can then be calculated by dividing the outcome by a single piece of information.
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