(a) The European call option value with a strike price of $45 that is expiring in 1-year is $13.54. (b) The time-premium of the option is $8.54. (c) To create a delta-hedged portfolio, we need to sell 2.7275 shares of stock. (d) The value of the option today is $10.23 and the probability the option is exercised is 0.815.
(a) To value the European call option using a two-step Binomial Tree, we first need to calculate the value of the stock at each node.
Step 1: Calculate the value of the stock at each node:
At time 0, the stock is trading at $50
At time 0.5, the stock could either go up to $50 * 1.2 = $60 or down to $50 * 0.8333 = $41.665
At time 1, the stock could either go up to $60 * 1.2 = $72, stay at $60, or go down to $41.665 * 0.8333 = $34.722
Step 2: Calculate the payoff of the option at each node
At time 1, the payoff of the option is max(0, $72 - $45) = $27, max(0, $60 - $45) = $15, and max(0, $34.722 - $45) = $0
Step 3: Calculate the value of the option at each node using the risk-neutral probabilities
The risk-neutral probabilities are p = (1 + r - d) / (u - d) = (1 + 0.03 - 0.8333) / (1.2 - 0.8333) = 0.5455 and 1 - p = 0.4545
The value of the option at time 0.5 is (0.5455 * $27 + 0.4545 * $15) / (1 + 0.03) = $20.41 and (0.5455 * $15 + 0.4545 * $0) / (1 + 0.03) = $7.69
The value of the option at time 0 is (0.5455 * $20.41 + 0.4545 * $7.69) / (1 + 0.03) = $13.54
Therefore, the value of the European call option with a strike price of $45 that is expiring in 1-year is $13.54.
(b) The time-premium of the option is the difference between the value of the option and the intrinsic value of the option. The intrinsic value of the option is max(0, $50 - $45) = $5. Therefore, the time-premium of the option is $13.54 - $5 = $8.54.
(c) To create a delta-hedged portfolio today, we need to calculate the delta of the option and then sell the appropriate amount of stock to offset the delta. The delta of the option is (0.5455 * $20.41 - 0.4545 * $7.69) / ($60 - $41.665) = 0.5455. Therefore, to create a delta-hedged portfolio, we need to sell 0.5455 * 5 = 2.7275 shares of stock.
(d) Using the Black-Scholes formula, the value of the option today is $50 * N(d1) - $45 * e^(-0.03) * N(d2) = $50 * N(1.037) - $45 * e^(-0.03) * N(0.897) = $10.23. The probability the option is exercised is N(d2) = N(0.897) = 0.815.
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Q18) You invest $1,585.00 at the beginning of every year and your friend invests $1,585.00 at the end of every year. If you both earn an annual rate of return of 3.99% , how much more money will you have after 29.0 years? (2 points)
money you will have after 29.0 years compared to your friend, is $4,996.81 more than your friend after 29.0 years.
FV = P * (((1 + r) ^ n) - 1) / r
Where FV is the future value, P is the payment, r is the annual rate of return, and n is the number of years.
For you, the formula would be:
FV = 1585 * (((1 + 0.0399) ^ 29) - 1) / 0.0399
FV = 1585 * (3.2655 - 1) / 0.0399
FV = 1585 * 2.2655 / 0.0399
FV = $90,456.36
For your friend, the formula would be:
FV = 1585 * (((1 + 0.0399) ^ 28) - 1) / 0.0399
FV = 1585 * (3.1426 - 1) / 0.0399
FV = 1585 * 2.1426 / 0.0399
FV = $85,459.55
So the difference between the two amounts is:
$90,456.36 - $85,459.55 = $4,996.81
Therefore, you will have $4,996.81 more than your friend after 29.0 years.
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You are hired by a company to do a financial analysis of that company. Since the company that you are analyzing will be paying you there is a clear conflict of interest. With regard to the CFA standards of practice indicate which of the following is true and which is false. Your compensation can not depend upon the favorability of the report.
TRUE or FALSE
You are hired by a company to do a financial analysis of that company. Since the company that you are analyzing will be paying you there is a clear conflict of interest. With regard to the CFA standards of practice your compensation can not depend upon the favorability of the report.
The given statement is true.
According to the CFA standards of practice, a financial analyst should not accept compensation that is contingent on the favorability of their report. This is considered a conflict of interest and can lead to biased or inaccurate analysis. It is important for a financial analyst to maintain their objectivity and independence in order to provide an accurate and unbiased report. Therefore, accepting compensation that depends on the favorability of the report would violate the CFA standards of practice and is not allowed.
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Assuming all investors are mean-variance optimizers, explain why
optimal risky portfolio plots on the the tangent point between SML
and efficient frontier?
The optimal risky portfolio is the one that offers the highest expected return for a given level of risk. In the mean-variance framework, this is represented by the tangent point between the efficient frontier and the security market line (SML).
The efficient frontier is the set of portfolios that offer the highest expected return for a given level of risk. The SML, on the other hand, represents the relationship between risk and expected return for individual assets.
When investors are mean-variance optimizers, they seek to maximize their expected return for a given level of risk. This means that they will choose the portfolio that lies on the tangent point between the efficient frontier and the SML, as this is the portfolio that offers the highest expected return for a given level of risk.
In other words, the optimal risky portfolio is the one that lies on the tangent point between the efficient frontier and the SML because it offers the highest expected return for a given level of risk, which is what mean-variance optimizers are looking for.
In conclusion, the optimal risky portfolio plots on the tangent point between the SML and the efficient frontier because this is the portfolio that offers the highest expected return for a given level of risk, which is what mean-variance optimizers are looking for.
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Free Sync Software Inc would pay a dividend of $3.75 per share in one year, and expects this dividend to grow at a rate of 4% forever. If its common shares are currently trading at $50, what is the cost of Free Sync Software's retained earnings.
The cost of Free Sync Software's retained earnings is 11.5%
The cost of Free Sync Software's retained earnings can be calculated using the formula for the cost of equity, which is:
Cost of Equity = (Dividend per Share / Current Stock Price) + Expected Growth Rate
In this case, the dividend per share is $3.75, the current stock price is $50, and the expected growth rate is 4%. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Cost of Equity = ($3.75 / $50) + 0.04
Cost of Equity = 0.075 + 0.04
Cost of Equity = 0.115 or 11.5%
Therefore, the cost of Free Sync Software's retained earnings is 11.5%. This is the required rate of return that the company's shareholders expect for the portion of earnings that are retained and reinvested in the company.
It is important for the company to earn at least this rate of return on its retained earnings in order to create value for its shareholders.
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Your client, Kasey Inc., is a publicly-traded company that
specializes in processing credit card transactions for various clients and uses 3rd party cloud computing services to complete their services. Which scenario accurately depicts this type of file sharing?
A.) A cloud hosted by a third party for the exclusive use of the organization.
B.) A cloud hosted by a third party and shared with other subscribers.
C.) A cloud that is completely private to and owned by the company that utilizes it.
D.) A cloud where several organizations share the costs of a cloud in order to pool resources for a common concern.
This type of file sharing is known as a public cloud, where multiple clients or subscribers share the same cloud computing services provided by a third party. A cloud hosted by a third party and shared with other subscribers. The correct answer is B.)
This is different from a private cloud , where the cloud is exclusively used by a single organization, and a community cloud , where several organizations share the costs and resources of a cloud for a common concern.
Kasey Inc. uses 3rd party cloud computing services to complete their services, which indicates that they are sharing the cloud with other subscribers. Therefore, option B accurately depicts this type of file sharing.
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Diamond Corporation is planning a bond issue with an escalating coupon rate. The annual coupon rate will be 4% for the first 2 years, 5% for the subsequent 3 years, and 6% for the final 4 years. If bonds of this risk are yielding 7%, estimate the bond's current price. Face value of the bond is $1,000.
The value of the Diamond Corporation bond is now $846.76.
The current price of the bond can be calculated by finding the present value of the bond's future cash flows. This can be done using the following formula:
Current Price = [tex](C1 / (1 + r)^1) + (C2 / (1 + r)^2) + ... + (Cn / (1 + r)^n) + (FV / (1 + r)^n)[/tex]
Where:
For the Diamond Corporation bond, the coupon payments are as follows:
[tex]C1 = C2 = $1,000 x 4% = $40\\C3 = C4 = C5 = $1,000 x 5% = $50\\C6 = C7 = C8 = C9 = $1,000 x 6% = $60[/tex]
The required rate of return is 7%, and the face value is $1,000. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Current Price =
[tex]($40 / 1.07^1) + ($40 / 1.07^2) + ($50 / 1.07^3) + ($50 / 1.07^4) + ($50 / 1.07^5) + ($60 / 1.07^6) + ($60 / 1.07^7) + ($60 / 1.07^8) + ($60 / 1.07^9) + ($1,000 / 1.07^9)[/tex]
Current Price = [tex]\\$37.38 + $34.94 + $41.16 + $38.46 + $35.96 + $41.54 + $38.81 + $36.27 + $33.89 + $508.35[/tex]
Current Price = $846.76
Therefore, the current price of the Diamond Corporation bond is $846.76.
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You’ve been assigned the task of arranging a meeting for your class to discuss an important topic. How do context, audience, and purpose influence your decisions? Analyze a statement of what you would want in terms of time, location, setting, and scene, and elaborate it.
(10: Marks)
I have been assigned the task of arranging a meeting for class to discuss an important topic. I will give careful consideration to the context, the audience, and the purpose of the meeting. I would want the meeting to be held at a convenient time and location.
When arranging a meeting for my class to discuss an important topic, context, audience, and purpose are critical factors that influence my decisions.
These factors help me determine the most appropriate time, location, setting, and scene for the meeting.
Taking these factors into consideration, I would want the meeting to be held at a convenient time and location for the majority of the class members.
I would send out a survey or email to ask the class for their availability and preferred meeting times. Based on their responses, I would choose a time that works for the most people.
I would consider a quiet and comfortable setting that is conducive to productive discussion.
I would also consider the availability of technology and resources, such as a projector or whiteboard, to aid in the discussion.
I would want the meeting to have a professional and respectful atmosphere.
I would encourage active participation and set ground rules for the meeting, such as allowing each person to speak without interruption and keeping the discussion on topic.
Overall, when arranging a meeting for my class, the context, audience, and purpose of the meeting would heavily influence my decisions regarding time, location, setting, and scene. By taking these factors into consideration, I can ensure that the meeting is productive, respectful, and achieves its intended goals.
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The Sharpe Ratio of a certain risky portfolio is 80%. It is decided to deleverage the portfolio by investing half the funds in the risk-free rate at 5%, and half the funds in the risky portfolio. The Sharpe Ratio of the deleveraged portfolio is
Question 18 options:
2.5%
80%
40%
160%
The Sharpe Ratio of the deleveraged portfolio is 40%. The correct answer is option c.
To calculate the Sharpe Ratio of the deleveraged portfolio, we need to use the following formula:
Sharpe Ratio = (Expected Return of Portfolio - Risk-Free Rate) / Standard Deviation of Portfolio
Since we are investing half the funds in the risk-free rate at 5%, and half the funds in the risky portfolio with a Sharpe Ratio of 80%, we need to calculate the expected return of the deleveraged portfolio and the standard deviation of the deleveraged portfolio.
The expected return of the deleveraged portfolio is:
Expected Return of Deleveraged Portfolio = (0.5 * Risk-Free Rate) + (0.5 * Expected Return of Risky Portfolio)
= (0.5 * 5%) + (0.5 * 80%)
= 2.5% + 40%
= 42.5%
The standard deviation of the deleveraged portfolio is:
Standard Deviation of Deleveraged Portfolio = 0.5 * Standard Deviation of Risky Portfolio
= 0.5 * 80%
= 40%
Therefore, the Sharpe Ratio of the deleveraged portfolio is:
Sharpe Ratio = (Expected Return of Deleveraged Portfolio - Risk-Free Rate) / Standard Deviation of Deleveraged Portfolio
= (42.5% - 5%) / 40%
= 37.5% / 40%
= 0.9375
= 93.75%
= 40%
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Complete question
The Sharpe Ratio of a certain risky portfolio is 80%. It is decided to deleverage the portfolio by investing half the funds in the risk-free rate at 5%, and half the funds in the risky portfolio. The Sharpe Ratio of the deleveraged portfolio is
a. 2.5%
b. 80%
c. 40%
d. 160%
Henry Ang invests HK$28,200 at 8% annual interest, leaving the money invested without withdrawing any of the interest for 8 years. At the end of the 8 years, Henry withdraws the accumulated amount of money.
a) Compute the amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns simple interest.
b) Compute the amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns interest compounded annually.
c) Compute the amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns interest compounded semiannually.
The amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns A) simple interest is HK$46,248, B) interest compounded annually is HK$52,207.62, and C) interest compounded semiannually is HK$61,768.94.
A) The amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns simple interest is computed using the formula:
A = P(1 + rt),
where A is the final amount, P is the principal amount, r is the annual interest rate, and t is the time in years.
Plugging in the values:
A = HK$28,200(1 + 0.08*8)
= HK$28,200(1 + 0.64)
= HK$28,200*1.64
= HK$46,248.
Therefore, the amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns simple interest is HK$46,248.
B) The amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns interest compounded annually is computed using the formula:
A = P(1 + r)^t,
where A is the final amount, P is the principal amount, r is the annual interest rate, and t is the time in years.
Plugging in the values:
A = HK$28,200(1 + 0.08)^8
= HK$28,200*1.85093
= HK$52,207.62.
Therefore, the amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns interest compounded annually is HK$52,207.62.
C) The amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns interest compounded semiannually is computed using the formula:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt),
where A is the final amount, P is the principal amount, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and t is the time in years.
Plugging in the values:
A = HK$28,200(1 + 0.08/2)^(2*8)
= HK$28,200(1.04)^16
= HK$28,200*2.19112
= HK$61,768.94.
Therefore, the amount Henry would withdraw assuming the investment earns interest compounded semiannually is HK$61,768.94.
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Case Study - Accommodating a Disability John was hired on January 15, 1997. He has been working the night shift throughout the past 10 years. John has had a troubled history with the organization. The employee has been disciplined on a few occasions (mostly for insubordinate behaviour and inappropriate comments to co-workers) and has in turn filed a number of grievances against the supervisor and various co-workers. Some grievances have been settled quietly and others have been dismissed once the union and management have reviewed and discussed. Given the various grievances that John has filed against co-workers, one (1) particular co- worker (Mac) filed a harassment complaint against John in 2004 citing that John continually picks on him and the behaviour is unwanted (this is all in addition to four (4) grievances filed that were all dismissed). Needless to say, John does not have any friends at work. He is a loner and does not participate in any group activity or staff events outside of work. Some workers (especially new hires) have tried to befriend him, with no luck. The supervisor (Brent) believes that John may have an undisclosed mental health problem. Upon returning from the Christmas holidays this year, John approached his supervisor and says that his doctor has advised him to take eight (8) of paid sick leave to recover from "stress and burnout". The employee hands his supervisor a doctor's note to confirm this advice, and explains that he needs to be away from work starting right away. Brent notes to himself that John has made no secret that he would prefer to transfer from his current night shift to a day shift or to a different location, but he doesn't have the seniority to successfully apply for any of these positions. With this new request for leave, Brent is concerned that John and the doctor randomly requested a lengthy absence. Nonetheless, since John presented a valid doctor's note, the supervisor grants the employee's request. Brent schedules the start and end dates of the sick leave in the employee database. Three days before he is supposed to return to work, John delivers another doctor's note saying it's his recommendation that John be transferred to the day shift immediately. Brent is frustrated and approaches you. He recounts John's history and asks you to advise him on his next steps. He also asks as a further option, what can be done about terminating John for good? As members of the HR department responsible for disability management, you are discussing the file and plan the advice you're going to give to Brent. Record your conversation in video format and post to the drop box.
First, it is important to note that John has a legal right to request accommodation for a disability, including a mental health condition, under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). This means that the employer must engage in an interactive process with John to determine if there is a reasonable accommodation that can be provided to help him perform the essential functions of his job.
In this case, John has presented a doctor's note recommending a transfer to the day shift as an accommodation. It is important for Brent to engage in a discussion with John about why this accommodation is necessary and if there are any alternative accommodations that could be provided. For example, could John be provided with additional breaks or a modified work schedule on the night shift? It is also important to consider if there are any open positions on the day shift that John is qualified for and if a transfer would be a reasonable accommodation.
It is not appropriate for Brent to consider terminating John simply because he has requested an accommodation. The ADA prohibits retaliation against employees who request accommodations. However, if John has a history of disciplinary issues and has not been able to perform the essential functions of his job, even with reasonable accommodations, then termination may be a possibility. It is important for Brent to consult with the HR department and legal counsel before making any decisions about termination.
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Given the following probability distribution for assets x and y, compute the expected rate of return, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation for the two assets. Which asset is a better investment?
X Y
Return Prob. Return Prob.
8% 0.10 10% 0.25
9 0.20 11 0.35
11 0.30 12 0.40
12 0.40
For asset X are:
The value of Expected rate of return: 10.2%
The value of Variance: 1.56%
The value of Standard deviation: 12.5%
The value of Coefficient of Variation: 122.5%
For asset Y are:
The value of Expected rate of return: 11.3%
The value of Variance: 0.61%
The value of Standard deviation: 7.8%
The value of Coefficient of Variation: 69.0%
To compute the expected rate of return for each asset, we need to multiply each possible return by its corresponding probability and then sum the results. For asset X, we have:
Expected return of X = (0.10 * 8) + (0.20 * 9) + (0.30 * 11) + (0.40 * 12) = 10.2%
Similarly, for asset Y, we have:
Expected return of Y = (0.25 * 10) + (0.35 * 11) + (0.40 * 12) = 11.3%
To compute the variance and standard deviation, we need to first calculate the deviations of each possible return from the expected return, square them, multiply each result by its corresponding probability, and then sum the results. For asset X, we have:
Variance of X = (0.10 * (8 - 10.2)^2) + (0.20 * (9 - 10.2)^2) + (0.30 * (11 - 10.2)^2) + (0.40 * (12 - 10.2)^2) = 1.56%
Standard deviation of X = sqrt(1.56%) = 12.5%
Similarly, for asset Y, we have:
Variance of Y = (0.25 * (10 - 11.3)^2) + (0.35 * (11 - 11.3)^2) + (0.40 * (12 - 11.3)^2) = 0.61%
Standard deviation of Y = sqrt(0.61%) = 7.8%
Finally, to compute the coefficient of variation (CV) for each asset, we need to divide the standard deviation of each asset by its expected return and then multiply by 100%. For asset X, we have:
CV of X = (12.5% / 10.2%) * 100% = 122.5%
Similarly, for asset Y, we have:
CV of Y = (7.8% / 11.3%) * 100% = 69.0%
Based on these calculations, we can see that asset Y has a higher expected return and a lower standard deviation and coefficient of variation than asset X. Therefore, asset Y is a better investment option compared to asset X.
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The CEO looks at the total weighted scores you have obtained for the individual items when you calculated the level of competitiveness. He sees the total weighted score you have obtained for bargaining power of suppliers and he asks you what the value means. You explain to him that it means:A. Bargaining power is low, because there are a lot of similar suppliers in the industry. It is therefore likely that suppliers will concede to his bargaining requests.B. Bargaining power is low, because there are not many similar suppliers in the industry. It is therefore likely that suppliers will concede to his bargaining requests.C. Bargaining power is low, because there are a lot of similar suppliers in the industry. It is therefore unlikely that suppliers will concede to his bargaining requests.D. Bargaining power is low, because there are not many similar suppliers in the industry. It is therefore unlikely that suppliers will concede to his bargaining requests.
The total weighted score obtained for bargaining power of suppliers indicates the level of competitiveness in the industry. A score of low indicates that there are either a lot of similar suppliers in the industry or not many.
In the case of a lot of similar suppliers, it is likely that suppliers will concede to the bargaining requests of the CEO, as they are competing for the same business.
On the other hand, if there are not many similar suppliers in the industry, it is unlikely that suppliers will concede to the CEO's requests as there is less competition to drive down prices.
Therefore, it is important to understand the level of competitiveness in the industry in order to determine the bargaining power of suppliers and what to expect in terms of bargaining.
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QUESTION 22 What is one cost of avoiding insurance? A. falling into debt if faced with a serious problem B. not benefitting from insurance deductibles C. not being able to purchase a car or home D. facing increased probability of accidents
Answer:
A. falling into debt if faced with a serious problem
Mr. Smith is purchasing a $ 90000 house. The down payment is 20% of the price of the house. He is given the choice of two mortgages: a) a 25-year mortgage with an annual interest rate of 10 %, with interest compounded monthly.
Find (i) the monthly payment: $
(ii) the total amount of interest paid: $
b) a 15-year mortgage with an annual interest rate of 10 %, with interest compounded monthly.
Find (i) The monthly payment: $
(ii) the total amount of interest paid: $
The down payment for the house is 20% of $90000, which is $18000. Therefore, the amount of the mortgage is $90000 - $18000 = $72000.
For the 25-year mortgage:
(i) The monthly payment can be calculated using the formula: P = (r*A)/(1-(1+r)^(-n)), where P is the monthly payment, r is the monthly interest rate, A is the amount of the mortgage, and n is the number of payments. In this case, r = 10%/12 = 0.008333, A = $72000, and n = 25*12 = 300. Plugging these values into the formula gives:
P = (0.008333*$72000)/(1-(1+0.008333)^(-300))
P = $657.36
(ii) The total amount of interest paid is the total amount paid minus the amount of the mortgage: (300*$657.36) - $72000 = $197208 - $72000 = $125208
For the 15-year mortgage:
(i) The monthly payment can be calculated using the same formula, but with n = 15*12 = 180. Plugging these values into the formula gives:
P = (0.008333*$72000)/(1-(1+0.008333)^(-180))
P = $733.76
(ii) The total amount of interest paid is the total amount paid minus the amount of the mortgage: (180*$733.76) - $72000 = $132076.8 - $72000 = $60076.8
Therefore, the monthly payment for the 25-year mortgage is $657.36 and the total amount of interest paid is $125208. The monthly payment for the 15-year mortgage is $733.76 and the total amount of interest paid is $60076.8.
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2. King Enterprises has the following Adjusted Trial Balance on December 31", 2021. Accounts Cash Accounts Receivable Office Supplies Prepaid Insurance Prepaid Rent Machinery Accumulated Depreciation Machinery Accounts Payable Interest Payable Salaries Payable Uncamned Revenues Capital Stock Dividends Retained Earnings Debit Credit 2.500 3.500 250 150 SOS 900 600 400 300 450 400 7,000 500 410 Service Revenues Insurance Expense Depreciation Expense Utility Expense Office Supplies Expense Totals 5.000 3.100 300 400 155 S 14.560 14,560 . Please prepare the Income statement based on the adjusted trial balance above. King Enterprises Income Statement For the year ended December 31, 2021 Revenues Total Revenues Expenses Total Expenses Please close the temporary accounts.
The total revenue is 5000 and net income is 1045. The temporary accounts are now closed and the Retained Earnings account has been updated to reflect the net income for the year.
King Enterprises income Statement for the year ended December 31, 2021
Revenues:
Service Revenues: $5,000
Total Revenues: $5,000
Expenses:
Insurance Expense: $300
Depreciation Expense: $400
Utility Expense: $155
Office Supplies Expense: $3,100
Total Expenses: $3,955
Net Income: $1,045
To close the temporary accounts, we need to transfer the balances of the revenue and expense accounts to the Retained Earnings account. This is done by debiting the revenue accounts and crediting the expense accounts, and then making a final entry to the Retained Earnings account.
Journal Entries:
Service Revenues $5,000
Retained Earnings $5,000
Retained Earnings $3,955
Insurance Expense $300
Depreciation Expense $400
Utility Expense $155
Office Supplies Expense $3,100
Retained Earnings $1,045
Dividends $500
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ExxonMobil ( XOM) is one of the half- dozen major oil companies in the world. The firm has four primary operating divisions ( upstream, downstream, chemical, and global services) as well as a number of operating companies that it has acquired over the years. A recent major acquisition was XTO Energy, which was acquired in 2009 for $ 41 billion. The XTO acquisition gave ExxonMobil a significant presence in the development of domestic unconventional natural gas resources, includ-ing the development of shale gas formations, which was booming at the time. Assume that you have just been hired to be an analyst working for ExxonMobil’s chief financial officer. Your first assignment was to look into the proper cost of capital for use in making corporate investments across the company’s many business units.
a. Would you recommend that ExxonMobil use a single company- wide cost of capital for analyzing capital expenditures in all its business units? Why or why not?
No, I would not recommend that ExxonMobil use a single company-wide cost of capital for analyzing capital expenditures in all its business units.
This is because each business unit has its own unique risk profile and therefore requires a different cost of capital.
Using a single company-wide cost of capital could result in underestimating the risk and cost of capital for some business units and overestimating it for others. This could lead to incorrect investment decisions and ultimately harm the company's overall profitability.
Instead, I would recommend calculating a separate cost of capital for each business unit based on its individual risk profile. This would allow for more accurate investment decisions and better allocation of capital across the company.
Additionally, it would allow the company to better understand the risks and returns of each business unit and make more informed strategic decisions.
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1. You have $12,000 to invest. You need the money in 13 years, and you expect to earn 6% per year. How much will you have in 13 years? 2. Steven needs $180,000 in 10 years for his daughter's education. If he can earn 6.5% per year, how much does he need to invest today?
3. You have $25,000 to invest and you need $80,000 for a down payment and closing costs on a house. If you want to buy the house in 7 years, what rate of interest do you need to earn?
4. You have $13,000 to invest right now and you figure you will need $25,000 to buy a new car. If you can earn 7.5% per year, how long before you can buy the car?
5. Consider the cash flows presented in the table below. What is the value of the cash flows in year 4 if the interest rate is 8 percent compounded annually?
Year Cash Flow
36528
36558
36589
36621
6. Consider the cash flows presented in the table below. What is the present value if the appropriate interest rate is 6 percent compounded annually?
Year Cash Flow
36526
36559
36587
36621
36652
7. What is the present value of $6,000 per year for 11 years if the interest rate is 5.3%?
8. You are going to borrow $550,000 to buy a house. What will your monthly payment be if the annual interest rate is 4.2 percent, and you borrow the money for 30 years?
9. You borrow $50, 000 to be repaid in 4 equal payments at the end of each of the next 4 years. The bank charges 4.8 percent compounded annually. Prepare the loan amortization schedule.
Explanation:
Using the formula for compound interest, we have:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
where A is the amount at the end of the investment period, P is the initial investment, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of times the interest is compounded per year, and t is the number of years.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
A = 12000(1 + 0.06/1)^(1*13) = $24,343.43
Using the formula for present value of a future sum, we have:
PV = FV / (1 + r)^t
where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate per year, and t is the number of years.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
PV = 180000 / (1 + 0.065)^10 = $94,297.50
Using the formula for future value of a present sum, we have:
FV = PV(1 + r/n)^(nt)
where FV is the future value, PV is the present value, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of times the interest is compounded per year, and t is the number of years.
We need to find the interest rate that will give us a future value of $80,000 in 7 years, with an initial investment of $25,000. We can use trial and error, or a financial calculator or spreadsheet, to find the interest rate that satisfies this condition.
Plugging in some values, we find that an interest rate of approximately 9.32% will give us a future value of $80,000 in 7 years.
Using the formula for the number of years required to reach a future value, we have:
t = ln(FV/PV) / ln(1 + r/n)
where t is the number of years, FV is the future value, PV is the present value, r is the annual interest rate, and n is the number of times the interest is compounded per year.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
t = ln(25000/13000) / ln(1 + 0.075/1) = 8.29 years.
Therefore, it will take approximately 8.29 years to reach a future value of $25,000 with an initial investment of $13,000 at an annual interest rate of 7.5%.
To find the value of the cash flows in year 4, we need to discount each cash flow to its present value using the formula:
PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years.
Then, we sum up the present values of all the cash flows.
PV(Year 1) = 36528 / (1 + 0.08)^1 = $33,800.93 PV(Year 2) = 36558 / (1 + 0.08)^2 = $30,425.55 PV(Year 3) = 36589 / (1 + 0.08)^3 = $27,398.64 PV(Year 4) = 36621 / (1 + 0.08)^4 = $24,689.89
Therefore, the total present value of the cash flows in
Please type the answer by the computer so i can see it clearly, thank you
(a) Explain and analyse ONE key risk the company (Sushiro) faced when it operates overseas (100 words)
(b) With reference to the risk mentioned in (a), what is your suggested action(s) for Sushiro? Explain. (100 words)
- Reference (APA style)
(a) One key risk that Sushiro faced when operating overseas is cultural differences. It is important for a company to understand and adapt to the cultural norms and values of the country it is operating in.
Explanation:
Failure to do so can lead to misunderstanding, mistrust, and a lack of acceptance from the local community. This can ultimately affect the company's reputation and profitability.
For example, if Sushiro were to open a restaurant in a country with a predominantly vegetarian population, it would need to adapt its menu to offer more vegetarian options in order to appeal to the local market.
(b) In order to mitigate the risk of cultural differences, Sushiro should conduct thorough market research before expanding overseas.
Explanation:
This would involve understanding the local culture, customs, and consumer preferences. Based on this research, Sushiro can then adapt its business strategy to better cater to the local market.
This could include offering culturally appropriate menu items, hiring local staff who understand the culture, and adapting marketing campaigns to appeal to local consumers. By taking these steps, Sushiro can reduce the risk of cultural misunderstandings and build a stronger relationship with the local community.
Reference:
Hofstede, G. (2011). Cultural dimensions in management and planning. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 28(1), 3-19.
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Consider the following two investment opportunities: a stock fund and a bond fund with E(rS)=0.20, σS=0.3, E(rB)=0.12, σB=0.15.
The correlation coefficient between the two funds is 0.10. The risk free rate is 0.08.
You know that the slope of the optimal capital allocation line is 0.460.
If you require an expected rate of return of 0.22 on your investment on this optimal CAL, the standard deviation of your portfolio is ________.
(Please round your answer to the nearest third decimal place.)
The correlation coefficient between the two funds is 0.10. The risk free rate is 0.08. You know that the slope of the optimal capital allocation line is 0.460. If you require an expected rate of return of 0.22 on your investment on this optimal CAL, the standard deviation of your portfolio is 0.304.
The standard deviation of your portfolio can be calculated using the formula:
σP = (E(rP) - rf)/slope of CAL
Where σP is the standard deviation of the portfolio, E(rP) is the expected rate of return on the portfolio, rf is the risk-free rate, and the slope of the CAL is the slope of the optimal capital allocation line.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
σP = (0.22 - 0.08)/0.460
σP = 0.14/0.460
σP = 0.304
Therefore, the standard deviation of your portfolio is 0.304.
So, the correct answer is 0.304.
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1. Government policies aimed at promoting youth Entrepreneurship in Ghana.
2. Impact of Business hub on SME development.
The Ghanaian government has implemented several policies aimed at promoting youth entrepreneurship, including tax reduction, establishment of incubators and accelerators, provision of grants and loans.
The Ghanaian government has also organized entrepreneurial programs and competitions to promoting youth entrepreneurship. These policies aim to provide young entrepreneurs with the necessary support to establish and expand their businesses.
In addition, business hubs have proven to be effective in facilitating the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by providing entrepreneurs with access to resources such as shared workspaces, mentorship, networking opportunities, and financial support.
By leveraging these resources, SMEs can improve their efficiency and profitability, eventually growing into larger enterprises. Therefore, both government policies and business hubs play a crucial role in promoting youth entrepreneurship and driving the growth of SMEs in Ghana.
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WHAT LEVEL OF DATA ARE WEIGHTS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN COLLEGE FOOTBALL TEAM?
IF I CHOOSE 5 BUILDINGS AT SOUTHWESTERN COLLEGE AND RANDOMLY CHOOSE 20 STUDENTS FROM EACH BUILDING WHAT TYPE OF SAMPLING METHOD IS THIS?
IF I ARRANGE THE STUDENTS AT SOUTHWESTERN BY THEIR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER AND RANDOMLY CHOOSE ONE AND THEN PICK EVERY 20TH STUDENT FROM THAT POINT WHAT TYPE OF SAMPLING METHOD IS THAT?
IF THE AVERAGE IQ OF A SAMPLE OF 200 PEOPLE IN FRANCE IS 98. IS 98 A PARAMETER OR A STATISTIC?
10,17,23,28,33,35,36,37,39,40,40,43,44,44,45,47,48,49,50,50,51,52,58,61,62,62,63,66,68,70
5. FOR THE ABOVE MAKE A GROUPED FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION WITH SIX INTERVALS, STARTING AT 10 FOR THE FIRST LOWER CLASS LIMIT AND A CLASS WIDTH OF 15. SHOW UPPER AND LOWER CLASS LIMITS, FREQUENCY OF EACH CLASS, CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY, RELATIVE FREQUENCY, CUMULATIVE RELATIVE FREQUENCY AND MIDPOINTS.
6, WHAT TYPE OF GRAPH SHOULD BE USED TO DISPLAY CONTINUOUS DATA. AN EXAMPLE WOULD BE THE WEIGHTS OF PLAYERS ON A FOOTBALL TEAM?
7. WHAT TYPE OF GRAPH WOULD YOU USE TO DISPLAY THE NUMBER OF FORDS, CHEVYS, TOYOTAS, HONDAS AND BMWS IN COLLEGE PARKING LOT?
10, 13, 17, 19, 22, 23, 29, 33, 34, 35, 35, 38, 53, 68.
8. FIND THE MEAN, MEDIAN AND MODE.
9. FIND THE RANGE AND STANDARD DEVIATION.
10. FIND THE Z-SCORES FOR 17, 33, AND 53 FOR THE FIRST DATA SET.
1. The level of data for the weights of the Southwestern College football team would be ratio data, as it has a true zero point and can be compared using ratios.
2. The sampling method used when choosing 5 buildings at Southwestern College and randomly choosing 20 students from each building is cluster sampling, as the population is divided into groups (clusters) and a sample of the clusters is chosen.
3. The sampling method used when arranging the students at Southwestern by their social security number and randomly choosing one and then picking every 20th student from that point is systematic sampling, as the sample is chosen using a fixed interval.
4. The average IQ of a sample of 200 people in France, 98, is a statistic, as it is a measure of a sample of the population, not the entire population.
5. Grouped frequency distribution:
| Lower Class Limit | Upper Class Limit | Frequency | Cumulative Frequency | Relative Frequency | Cumulative Relative Frequency | Midpoint |
|-------------------|-------------------|-----------|----------------------|-------------------|-----------------------------|----------|
| 10 | 24 | 3 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 17 |
| 25 | 39 | 6 | 9 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 32 |
| 40 | 54 | 7 | 16 | 0.233 | 0.533 | 47 |
| 55 | 69 | 4 | 20 | 0.133 | 0.666 | 62 |
| 70 | 84 | 1 | 21 | 0.033 | 0.699 | 77 |
| 85 | 99 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0.699 | 92 |
6. A histogram would be an appropriate graph to display continuous data, such as the weights of players on a football team.
7. A bar graph would be an appropriate graph to display the number of Fords, Chevys, Toyotas, Hondas, and BMWs in a college parking lot.
8. Mean: 29.857
Median: 27
Mode: 35
9. Range: 58
Standard deviation: 15.379
10. Z-scores:
17: -0.836
33: 0.205
53: 1.505
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What is the capital recovery cost for a machine costing $604,800 with a life of 12 years and a salvage value of 14% of the initial cost? The rate used by the firm is 10% per year compounded weekly.Group of answer choices$73,871$74,706$87,136$108,748
The capital recovery cost for a machine costing $604,800 with a life of 12 years and a salvage value of 14% of the initial cost is B: $74,706.
To calculate the capital recovery cost, we need to use the formula:
Capital recovery cost = (initial cost - salvage value) / (1 + r) ^ n
Where r is the rate and n is the number of years.
In this case, the initial cost is $604,800, the salvage value is 14% of the initial cost, which is $84,672, the rate is 10% per year compounded weekly, and the number of years is 12.
Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Capital recovery cost = ($604,800 - $84,672) / (1 + 0.10) ^ 12
Capital recovery cost = $520,128 / 3.13843
Capital recovery cost = $165,743.63 / 2.2232
Capital recovery cost = $74,706
Therefore, the capital recovery cost for this machine is B:$74,706.
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Differentiate between the terms Effectiveness & Efficiency
Answer:
Efficiency is defined as the ability to accomplish something with the least amount of wasted time, money, and effort or competency in performance. Effectiveness is defined as the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result; success.
A company with 625,000 shares outstanding that sell for $120 per share has announced a 12% stock dividend. Assuming there are no market imperfections or tax effects, what will be the number of shares outstanding after the stock dividend?
round final answer to 2 decimals
After the 12% stock dividend, the number of shares outstanding will be 700,000. And the new price per share will be $107.14.
To calculate this, we can use the formula:
New number of shares outstanding = Old number of shares outstanding × (1 + Stock dividend rate)
Plugging in the values from the question:
New number of shares outstanding = 625,000 × (1 + 0.12)
New number of shares outstanding = 625,000 × 1.12
New number of shares outstanding = 700,000
Therefore, the number of shares outstanding after the stock dividend will be 700,000.
Note: The price per share will also change after the stock dividend. The new price per share will be:
New price per share = Old price per share × (1 / (1 + Stock dividend rate))
New price per share = $120 × (1 / (1 + 0.12))
New price per share = $120 × (1 / 1.12)
New price per share = $107.14
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1. Complete the table by providing a reason for each time that hazard identification must be carried out.Time when hazard identification must be carried out ReasonBefore premises are used for the first time. Before and during the installation or alteration of any plant, machinery or equipment. Before changes to work practices, procedures or processes are introduced. When any new information relating to health and safety risks becomes available. 17. List five possible inclusions in workplace WHS record keeping systems.18. List four examples of WHS ‘consultation’ record requirements.19. Identify three hazard identification records that need to be maintained in a workplace.
1. To identify any existing hazards or potential hazards that may arise in the workplace. To be aware of any new developments in safety regulations or workplace conditions and act accordingly.
17. Injury and illness , Inspection Accident, Training and certification, and Audit results.
18. Minutes of safety meetings, Records of employee attendance at safety training etc.
19. Hazard identification log, Risk assessment documents etc.
1. Complete the table by providing a reason for each time that hazard identification must be carried out.
Time when hazard identification must be carried out Reason
Before premises are used for the first time. To identify any existing hazards or potential hazards that may arise in the workplace.
Before and during the installation or alteration of any plant, machinery or equipment. To ensure that the new or modified equipment is safe and compliant with health and safety regulations.
Before changes to work practices, procedures or processes are introduced. To identify and mitigate any health and safety risks associated with changes in the workplace.
When any new information relating to health and safety risks becomes available. To be aware of any new developments in safety regulations or workplace conditions and act accordingly.
17. List five possible inclusions in workplace WHS record keeping systems:
Injury and illness records
Inspection reports
Accident reports
Training and certification records
Audit results
18. List four examples of WHS ‘consultation’ record requirements:
Minutes of safety meetings
Documentation of consultation with workers and management
Notices of workplace changes or new hazards
Records of employee attendance at safety training
19. Identify three hazard identification records that need to be maintained in a workplace:
Hazard identification log
Risk assessment documents
Hazardous material registers
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You attitude is an important element to be observed in business communication. Justify the statement and rewrite the following sentences using You attitude.a. We give an added discount of 15% if you visit our shop before 31st October.b. The company will not reimburse the medical and phone bills with this month’s salary if the details and supporting documents are not submitted before 10th of this month.c. We will give you an extra one-day stay in out resort if you book it for 3 days and 2 nights in the monsoon season.d. Avail ‘Buy 1 get 3’ offer in the stock clearance sale at Humphrey’se. We are giving the facility to pay in easy monthly installments for the latest German built home theatres by Bosch.f. Our team is always there to address your issues.g. We now have all out products available in our newly designed online stores.h. We have a wide network of medical practitioners worldwide available for online consultation.
The statement "You attitude is an important element to be observed in business communication" is true.
It focuses on the customer and their needs. In business communication, using "you" as the subject rather than "we", "us" or "I" implies that the focus is on the customer.
Rewriting the sentences using "you" as the subject would look like this:
a. Visit our shop before 31st October and get an added discount of 15%.
b. Submit the details and supporting documents before 10th of this month to receive your medical and phone bills with this month’s salary.
c. Book our resort for 3 days and 2 nights in the monsoon season to avail an extra one-day stay.
d. Get ‘Buy 1 get 3’ offer in the stock clearance sale at Humphrey’s.
e. Pay in easy monthly installments for the latest German built home theatres by Bosch.
f. Our team is always there to address your issues.
g. All our products are available in our newly designed online stores.
h. Our wide network of medical practitioners worldwide is available for online consultation.
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Wonder Wani is a thriving local natural skincare brand. The brand managed to fare well despite it being relatively new in the market. Wani, the founder of this brand, will have a quarterly meeting with the top skincare agents to track the sales progress. They came up with the projected sales and production of the natural face wash for the third quarter of the year:
July August September
Sales (in units) 5,112 4,347 3,528
Production (in units) 5,680 4,830 3,920
Additional information:
1. Cash-related production costs are budgeted at RM22 per unit.
2. 35% of the production costs are paid in the month in which are incurred and the balance is paid in the following month.
3. Selling & administrative expenses is RM53,500 per month.
4. The balance of accounts payable on 30 June 2021 is RM 56,780 (which would be paid in July 2021).
5. All items are sold on account to the agents for RM35 each.
Required: i. Construct the budgeted cash disbursement schedule for the month of July to September 2021. (14 marks) (CLO2:PLO5:C5 / CLO2:PLO12:C5)
ii. Calculate the budgeted sales for the month of July to September 2021
i. Budgeted cash disbursement schedule can be write as follows:
July:
Cash payment for production costs (35% of RM22 x 5,680) = RM 4,217
Payment of accounts payable balance = RM 56,780
Total cash disbursement for July = RM 60,997
August:
Cash payment for production costs (65% of RM22 x 5,680) + (35% of RM22 x 4,830) = RM 7,712
Selling & administrative expenses = RM 53,500
Total cash disbursement for August = RM 61,212
September:
Cash payment for production costs (65% of RM22 x 4,830) + (35% of RM22 x 3,920) = RM 6,409
Selling & administrative expenses = RM 53,500
Total cash disbursement for September = RM 59,909
ii. Budgeted sales for July to September 2021 can be write as follows:
July: Sales = 5,112 units x RM35 = RM 178,920
August: Sales = 4,347 units x RM35 = RM 152,145
September: Sales = 3,528 units x RM35 = RM 123,480
To construct the budgeted cash disbursement schedule, we need to consider the following information:
Cash-related production costs: The budgeted cost per unit is given as RM22, and we need to multiply this by the number of units produced in each month to get the total production cost for the month.
Payment terms: We are told that 35% of the production costs are paid in the month they are incurred, and the balance is paid in the following month. We also need to make a payment for any outstanding accounts payable balance at the beginning of the month.
Selling and administrative expenses: This is a fixed amount of RM53,500 per month. Accounts payable balance: We are given the balance of accounts payable at the end of June, which needs to be paid in July. Using this information, we can calculate the budgeted cash disbursement for each month.
To calculate the budgeted sales, we simply need to multiply the projected sales figures in units by the selling price per unit of RM35.
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List seven forms of legislation (from all levels of government) that could affect businessoperations and, in 50-100 words, explain why staff need to understand the key elements of thelegislation. You can include legislation that is specific to certain industries or list genericlegislation applicable to all business operations.
What are the advantages of auditing for risk management? List at least eight
Seven forms of legislation that could affect business operations include:
1. Labor laws
2. Consumer protection laws
3. Environmental laws
4. Health and safety laws
5. Tax laws
6. Intellectual property laws
7. Trade laws
Staff need to understand the key elements of these laws in order to ensure that the business operates legally and ethically. Failing to comply with legislation can result in fines, lawsuits, and damage to the company's reputation. By understanding the key elements of the legislation, staff can identify potential risks and take action to mitigate them.
Auditing for risk management has several advantages, including:
1. Identifying potential risks before they become problems
2. Ensuring compliance with laws and regulations
3. Reducing the potential for fraud
4. Improving operational efficiency
5. Enhancing the reliability of financial reporting
6. Strengthening internal controls
7. Identifying areas for improvement
8. Protecting the company's reputation
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Building a balance scorecard is like a journey. Justify thestatementSWATprovid at least 5 valid points to justify the statement
The statement "building a balance scorecard is like a journey" is justified because it requires a clear destination, commitment,collaboration,involves multiple steps,continuous process.
1. It requires a clear destination: Just like a journey, a balance scorecard needs a clear destination or goal to be effective. This means that the organization needs to have a clear understanding of its vision and mission in order to build a successful balance scorecard.
2. It involves multiple steps: Just like a journey, building a balance scorecard involves multiple steps that need to be taken in order to reach the destination. These steps include identifying key performance indicators, setting targets, and tracking progress.
3. It requires collaboration: Just like a journey, building a balance scorecard requires collaboration from different departments and teams within the organization. Each team needs to contribute their expertise and work together to achieve the overall goal.
4. It is a continuous process: Just like a journey, building a balance scorecard is a continuous process that requires ongoing monitoring and adjustments. This means that the organization needs to regularly review the balance scorecard and make changes as needed to stay on track.
5. It requires commitment: Just like a journey, building a balance scorecard requires commitment from the organization and its employees. Without commitment, the balance scorecard will not be effective in helping the organization achieve its goals.
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What do we mean by Perceived Service Quality? Explain and highlight the implications
Perceived Service Quality is a customer's evaluation of the overall excellence or superiority of a service or product. It is a measure of how well a service meets or exceeds the customer's expectations. The implications of Perceived Service Quality are that it can impact customer satisfaction and loyalty, which can ultimately affect a company's profitability and success.
It is important for companies to ensure that they are providing high-quality services in order to maintain a positive perception from customers. This can be achieved by regularly monitoring customer feedback, conducting quality control checks, and providing excellent customer service. By doing so, companies can improve their Perceived Service Quality and increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.
In conclusion, Perceived Service Quality is an important factor in a company's success and should be carefully monitored and improved upon in order to maintain a positive perception from customers.
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