Pigments don't survive fossilization; even though we have fossil skin from dinosaurs, we don't know what color they were. But fossilization does preserve structure. Specimens from a rare cache of 50-million-year-old beetle fossils still show the microscopic layers that produced structural colors in the living creatures, and we can deduce the colors from an understanding of thin-film interference. One fossil showed 80 nm plates of fossilized chitin (modern samples have index of refraction n = 1.56) embedded in fossilized tissue (for which we can assume n = 1.33).

What is the longest wavelength for which there is constructive interference for reflections from opposite sides of the chitin layers?

Answer:

The total amount of energy necessary to carry out this process is 22600 joules (J).

Explanation:

This is because the heat of vaporization (the energy required to change the state of water from liquid to gas) of water is 2260 J/g. Since 10.0 g of water is being heated, the total amount of energy needed is 10.0 g * 2260 J/g = 22600 J.

The expression for drag force that is proportional to the speed of the object is known as linear drag, while the expression that is proportional to the square of the speed is known as quadratic drag.

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Answer:

here you go -

Explanation:

try using the paraphrasing tool website!  

The sun makes three unique sorts of electromagnetic radiation, which is considered hurtful to people. The light made incorporates X-beams, gamma beams, and bright light. These beams are unsafe as a result of their high energy esteems, which are brought about by their enormous frequencies. The gases of Earth's air assimilate the high energy radiation, making their atoms move quicker, yet none of the light radiation arrives at Earth's surface. Fortunately for us, the high recurrence of gamma beams and X-beams, also as most bright light, can't enter Earth's environment and doesn't arrive at Earth's surface. In the event that those hurtful beams arrived at Earth's surface it would make the planet plain to earth's

A cyclic process is a thermodynamic process where the initial and final states are identical. As a result, both the system's initial and end internal energies are constant. As a result, the system's capacity to absorb heat is determined by the work it performs during a cycle.

A thermodynamic process is one that modifies the system's thermodynamic state. A transition from an initial to a final state of thermodynamic equilibrium characterizes a change in a system. The actual course of the process is not the main focus in classical thermodynamics and is frequently disregarded.

There are several different types of thermodynamic processes, such as (a) isothermal, in which the system's temperature stays constant; (b) adiabatic, in which no heat is exchanged; (c) isobaric, in which the system's pressure stays constant; and (d) isochoric, in which the system's volume stays constant.

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Answer:

it transfers heat to the hair to make it dry with the hot air which would be thermal energy

The height of the hill can be calculated using the formula PE = mgh, where m is the mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s2), and h is the height of the hill. So, solving for h, we get h = PE/mg = 1000 J/ (60.0 kg*9.8 m/s2) = 10.2 m.

Therefore, the height of the hill is 10.2 m.  The potential energy of an object is the energy it possesses due to its position or state. As the object moves, its potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy, or the energy it has due to its motion. In this case, the rollerblader is on top of the hill, so it has potential energy due to the height of the hill.  

The formula for potential energy is PE = mgh, which means that the potential energy is equal to the mass multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity multiplied by the height. In this case, the mass is known to be 60.0 kg, and the potential energy is known to be 1000 J. By using the formula and substituting in the known values, the height of the hill can be calculated.

The height of the hill is determined to be 10.2 m, which is relatively small. This means that the hill is not too steep, and the rollerblader would not have to use a lot of energy to go down it.

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Explanation:

When you brake all of a sudden, if you are not wearing a seat belt, your face is bound to hit against the windshield. The seat belt stops this inertia. If your car is going at 60 MPH, your face will be saved from the impact. ... There are many accidents where the driver is thrown out of the car and this can be deadly.

The speed of the satellite in terms of kilometers per second is 455.89 km/sec

The speed of the satellite = 17,000 miles/hour

The speed of the satellite can be converted into kilometers/second by converting the miles into kilometers and then the hour into seconds

               1 miles = 1.609 km

Thus, the speed of the satellite,

          = 17,000 x 1.609 km/hour

          = 27,353 km/hr

Then, the speed of the satellite in one second is

          1 hour = 60 seconds

Thus, the speed of the satellite,

            = 27,353 x 1/60 km/sec

            = 455.89 km/sec

Thus, the speed of the satellite is 455.89 km/sec

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The speed with which the cart and bag move after the collision is equal to 2.14 m/s.

Given the following data:

   Mass of bag = 9.0 kg

   Speed of bag = 6.7 m/s

   Mass of cart = 19.1 kg

  Speed of cart = 0 m/s (since it is initially at rest or stationary).

To calculate the final speed with which the cart and bag move after the collision:

Applying the law of conservation of momentum, the collision between the cart and bag is given by the formula:

Where:

M is the mass.

V is the velocity.

Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;

9.0 × 6.7 + 19.1 × 0 = Vf  (9+19.1)

60.3 =  vf (28.1)

vf = 60.3/28.1

vf = 2.14 m / s

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The photon is typically described as an electromagnetic (EM) wave, such as the image below. These are the two components of the wave longitudinal and transverse.

A photon is a particle of light which essentially is a packet of electromagnetic radiation. The energy of the photon depends on its frequency (how fast the electric field and magnetic field wiggle, this needs better wording, for 'fast electric field' and 'wiggle'.

A photon is a tiny particle that comprises waves of electromagnetic radiation. As shown by Maxwell, photons are just electric fields traveling through space. Photons have no charge, no resting mass, and travel at the speed of light.

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When the distance between the plates is decreased to 1.90 mm, the capacitance of the capacitor will increase and the energy stored in the capacitor will also increase.

However, since the voltage across the plates is not given, it is not possible to calculate the energy stored in the capacitor after the separation of the plates has been changed

The below equation gives the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor.

C = ε * A / d

Where ε is the dielectric constant of the material between the plates, A is the area of the plates and d is the distance between the plates.

The energy stored in a capacitor is given by the equation:

Energy = 1/2 * C * V^2

where V is the voltage across the plates and C is the capacitance

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Answer:

A

C

D

B

Explanation.

At point A The body is at rest so k.E is zero but the height is maximum so that p.E is max.

The radius of the event horizon of a 10-Solar-mass black hole is 2950 kilometers.

The radius of the event horizon of a black hole is known as the Schwarzschild radius and it is a function of the mass of the black hole. The Schwarzschild radius is given by the formula:

r = 2GM/c^2

where

r = radius of the event horizon (in meters)

G = gravitational constant (6.674 x 10^-11 N*(m/kg)^2)

M = mass of the black hole (in kg)

c = speed of light in a vacuum (2.998 x 10^8 m/s)

For a 10-Solar-mass black hole, we can use the mass conversion factor 1 Solar mass = 1.989 x 10^30 kg.

M = 10 x 1.989 x 10^30 kg

Now, we can substitute the values into the formula

r = 2 x 6.674 x 10^-11 x M/ (2.998 x 10^8)^2

r = 2GM/c^2 = 2 x 6.674 x 10^-11 x (10 x 1.989 x 10^30) / (2.998 x 10^8)^2

r = 2.95 x 10^3 m = 2950 kilometers

So, the radius of the event horizon of a 10-Solar-mass black hole is 2950 kilometers.

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Assuming the steel deck has a coefficient of linear thermal expansion of 12 x 10-6 m/m/°C, the change in length of the steel deck of the span when the temperature increases from -5.0 degree C to 18.0 degree C is 2.16 m. (1410 m x 12 x 10-6 m/m/°C x 23°C = 2.16 m)

Steel is an alloy made of iron and other elements, and is one of the most widely used materials in the world. Steel structures such as bridges are subject to changes in size and shape due to changes in temperature. When steel is exposed to temperatures higher than 0°C, it expands, and when it is exposed to temperatures lower than 0°C, it contracts.

The coefficient of linear thermal expansion is the rate at which the length of an object changes with temperature. This coefficient can vary depending on the type of steel and other factors. For the Humber Bridge, the steel deck of the span has a coefficient of linear thermal expansion of 12 x 10-6 m/m/°C. Therefore, when the temperature increases from -5.0°C to 18.0°C, the steel deck of the span will expand by 2.16 m.

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The centripetal acceleration of the aorta in which the blood travels with the speed of 0.30 m/s is 2.2 m/s²

The diameter of the aorta = 4.1 cm

                                           = 4.1 x 10⁻² m

The speed of the blood through the aorta = 0.3 m/s

The centripetal acceleration of the blood passing through the aorta can be found using the formula,

                     a = v²/r

where a is the centripetal acceleration

           v is the speed of the blood passing through the aorta

           r is the diameter of the aorta

Let us substitute the known values in the above equation, we get

         a = 0.30² / (4.1 x 10⁻²)

            = 0.09 /  (4.1 x 10⁻²)

            = 0.022 x 10²

            = 2.2 m/s²

Therefore, the centripetal acceleration of the aorta is 2.2 m/s²

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It is False that  Visual inspection of the brake drum friction surface is not required, only measure drum diameter.

No matter whether the vehicle is moving forward or backward, drum brakes produce uniform braking force. Drum brakes produce the same amount of braking force in both directions, which explains this. This kind is typically utilized for the passenger car's rear brakes.

Unusual brake pedal sensation is one of the first indications when drum brakes are damaged or failing. Excessive brake drum wear might result in vibrations that can be felt in the pedal. When you press the pedal, any trembling or pulsating brought on by worn drums will be audible.

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Answer:

Waves are most commonly caused by wind.

Explanation:

Waves are most commonly caused by wind. Wind-driven waves, or surface waves, are created by the friction between wind and surface water. As wind blows across the surface of the ocean or a lake, the continual disturbance creates a wave crest.

According to given data the volume of the unknown sample is 52. 5 mL - 47. 0 mL = 5.5 ml.

One typical style of lab glassware is graduated cylinders. They are a long, cylindrical vase with graduations marking the volume of liquid they can hold. Spouts are frequently included to make pouring easier.

Your graduation will go down in history as a significant event; it will stand for development, change, and embarking on new experiences. Celebrate your accomplishments thus far and be grateful for the memories this phase of your schooling has provided you.

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The correct option is C ; Water vapor , Water vapour is water that is gaseous rather than liquid. It can be generated by either evaporation or sublimation.

Water vapour, unlike clouds, fog, or mist, which are just suspended particles of liquid water in the air, cannot be seen since it is in gaseous form.

Water vapor has the same chemical formula as regular water - H2O - but the water molecules in vapor interact with each other less and are not as organized as they are in water and ice. Pressure, temperature, and relative humidity all influence whether water is liquid or gas.

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Stretching that is passive, such as static stretching, is contrasted with active stretching, such as dynamic stretching. It entails motion, putting the muscles and joints through their full range of motion.

Active stretching – what is it? Active stretching is the process of relaxing and stretching opposing muscles without the use of external pressures, as opposed to dynamic stretching or ballistic stretching. Stretching that is active is not passive.

In general, an active stretch doesn't require the use of an external force. An illustration would be a side-leaning stretch with the arms overhead. It is not necessary to pull, push, hold, brace, or hold the stretch. Active stretching is a common practice in yoga, as you'll discover.

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The momentum of the billiard balls after the collision is 3 Kgm/s.

Simply multiplying the mass of an object by its velocity results in momentum. Additionally, because momentum has both magnitude and direction, it qualifies as a vector quantity.

The formula provides momentum in mathematics;

The other pool balls' velocities would be zero (0) m/s because they were at rest (not experiencing any motion). If we substitute the values, we get: Total forward motion is 3 kg/s.

As a result, the billiard balls' post-collision momentum is 3 Kgm/s.

Therefore, The momentum of the billiard balls after the collision is 3 Kgm/s.

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Answer:

The two resistors should be connected in series.

(I assume that the question is stating the electrical power consumed by the resistors)

Explanation:

Think about the formula P = V^2 / R

For the electrical power consumed to be a minimum, we must let V be as small as possible.

For small V, between a series and a parallel connection, series is the correct connection as the combined potential difference (pd) for the two resistors is equal to the electromotive force (emf) of the battery.

However, for parallel connections, the combined pd for the two resistors is equal to twice the emf of the battery. (Each resistor will have a pd equal to the emf of the battery)

With lower total V, with the same R, power P consumed will decrease.

Since I0 is the lowest sound intensity that a person with normal hearing can detect, it is chosen as the reference point. Given that log10 1 = 0, the decibel level of a sound with an intensity of 10–12 W/m2 is = 0 dB. In other words, the human hearing threshold is zero decibels.

The reference value I0 is 10–12 W/m2, which corresponds to the threshold of hearing intensity at 1000 Hz. The Sound Intensity Level, or SIL for short, is the intensity decibel scale. The related sign, like in our text, is LI.

Much more frequently than sound intensities in watts per square meter, sound intensity levels are expressed in decibels (dB). Both the scientific literature and the public media use decibels as their preferred measurement unit. The rationale behind this decision of units has to do with how we hear. There is a reference intensity, I0 = 1012 W/m2. The lowest or threshold intensity of sound that a person with normal hearing can perceive at a frequency of 1000 Hz is specifically known as I0. The degree of sound intensity is not the same as the intensity. is a unitless quantity that informs you of the sound level in relation to a predefined standard (1012 W/m2, in this case), as it is defined in terms of a ratio.

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Based on the age of the light- and dark-colored regions of the Moon and the number of craters observed in these regions, we know that impacts in the inner Solar System rapidly decreased approximately 3 billion years ago.

The light-colored areas of the Moon's surface are roughly 1 billion years older than the dark-colored regions.

The dark patches are basalt-based juvenile plains known as maria. The basalt poured in and inundated the region left by a massive asteroid or comet collision. The bright regions are the highlands, which are raised mountains caused by impacts.

The light-colored material is found in portions of the Moon known as the highlands, which represent the Moon's oldest crust.

The lunar highlands are the earliest lunar features. This is mostly determined by the amount of impact craters found in various locations of the moon.

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Using Newton's 1st law of motion. In the absence of external force, the isolated object maintains its condition of uniform motion. Thus, the spaceship keeps its constant speed throughout all of time. Option D is correct.

According to Newton's first law, unless pushed to alter its condition by the operation of an external force, every object will continue to be at rest or even in uniform motion along a straight line. Inertia is the propensity to maintain balance in a condition of motion.

The word "inertia" is derived from the Latin word iners, which meaning idle or sluggish. Inertia is the name for any physical object's opposition to a velocity change. Changes in the item's motion's direction or speed fall under this category.

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Answer:

Speed and velocity both measure an object’s rate of motion. However, speed is a scalar quantity, which means that it can be described with a numerical value. Velocity is a vector quantity, which depends on direction as well as magnitude. Read these definition for more information:

speed - the rate of distance traveled by a moving object over time

velocity - the rate of displacement of a moving object over time

Basically, an object’s speed tells you how fast it’s going. Its velocity tells you how fast it’s going in a certain direction. You use speed measurements in your daily life, but physicists depend on velocity measurements more frequently in their work.

Explanation:

The Barbie would be moving with speed 27.69 ft/s at the bottom of the path.

Speed is distance travelled by the object per unit time. Due to having no direction and only having magnitude, speed is a scalar quantity With SI unit meter/second.

Mass of the Barbie = 0.23 kg.

Initial height of the Barbie: h= 11 ft 11 inches = ( 11 + 11/12) feet = 11.92 feet.

Acceleration due to gravity: g = 32.17 ft/s²

Hence, the speed of the Barbie at the bottom of the path = √(2gh)

= √( 2 × 32.17 ×11.92) ft/s

= 27.69 ft/s.

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The  4.7 g/cm3 is  the density of the substance.

What is density ?

How tightly something is packed can be used to gauge a material's density. Formally, it is defined as the mass per unit of volume. Formula for Density or Density Symbol: D D = m/V, where m is mass and V is volume, stands for density.

What is mass ?

The most basic characteristic of matter, it is one of the fundamental quantities in physics. As a way to gauge how much matter is there in a body, we might use the term mass. Kilograms are the SI unit of mass (kg).

density = mass of sample/ volume of sample

mass = 1.5 kg = 1500 g

volume = W*L*H

Vol = 3.2*17.1*5.8 cm3 = 317.376 cm3

Now,

D = mass/V = 1500/317.376

D = 4.726255 g/cm3

=4.7 g/cm3

Therefore, 4.7 g/cm3 is  the density of the substance.

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Answer:

0 ms-1

Explanation:

This is a trick question.

* Don't be confused with average speed with average velocity

Since the runner ends in the same spot as she started,

the total displacement covered by the runner is zero.

Since  average velocity = total displacement/total time,

As total displacement is zero ,

average velocity = 0 / 50  ms-1

                            = 0 ms-1

Explanation:

[tex]kinetic \: energy = \frac{1}{2} m {v}^{2} \\ but \: {v}^{2} = {u}^{2} + 2gh \\ {v}^{2} = 0 + (2 \times 10 \times 2) \\ v = 6.32 \: m {s}^{ - 1} \\ k.e = \frac{1}{2} \times 2.5 \times 6.32 {}^{2} \\ = 50 \: joules[/tex]

[tex]potential \: energy = mgh \\ = 2.5 \times 2 \times 10 \\ = 50 \: joules[/tex]