Match the symbol with the appropriate definition.

a. ΔG
b. ΔS
c. Keq
d. ΔH
e. ΔG°
f. J


1. Equation constant
2. Change in size
3. Change in entropy
4. Change in gas pressure
5. Change in stored energy
6. Equilibrium constant
7. Change in enthalpy
8. Joule
9. Standard free energy charge
10. Change in energy

Answer:

The equilbrium concentration of NH₃(g) is 2.4 M

Explanation:

The balanced reaction is:

4 NH₃(g) + 7 O₂(g) ⇔ 2 N₂O₄(g) + 6 H₂O(g)

By stoichiometry of the reaction,  2 moles of N₂O₄ are formed from 4 moles of NH₃.

Considering that the concentration is [tex]concentration=\frac{number of moles}{volume}[/tex] and with a volume of 1 liter, it is possible to apply the following rule of three: if 2 M of N₂O₄ are formed from 4 M of NH₃, 0.6 M of N₂O₄ from what concentration  of NH₃ are formed?

[tex]concentration of NH_{3}=\frac{0.6 M of N_{2}O_{3} *4MofNH_{3} }{2 M of N_{2}O_{3} }[/tex]

concentration of NH₃= 1.2 M

By subtracting the moles of NH3 in equilibrium from the moles of NH₃ initially, you will see how many moles of NH₃ were converted and remain in equilibrium: 3.6 M - 1.2 M= 2.4 M

The equilbrium concentration of NH₃(g) is 2.4 M

Answer:

b) 1.40 V

Explanation:

Oxidation half equation;

2Fe(s) → 2Fe3+(aq) + 6 e-

Reduction half equation;

3Cl2(g) + 6 e- → 6 Cl-(aq)

E°cathode= 1.36 V

E°anode= -0.036 V

E°cell= E°cathode - E°anode

E°cell= 1.36 -(-0.036)

E°cell= 1.36 + 0.036

E°cell= 1.396 V

E°cell= 1.40 V

Answer:

11445.8years

Explanation:

Half-life of carbon-14 = 5720 years

First we have to calculate the rate constant, we use the formula :

Answer: E = - 19.611×[tex]10^{-18}[/tex] J

Explanation: The lowest possible energy can be calculated using the formula:

[tex]E_{n} = - Z^{2}.\frac{k}{n^{2}}[/tex]

where:

Z is atomic number of the atom;

k is a constant which contains other constants and is 2.179×[tex]10^{-18}[/tex] J

n is a layer;

For the lowest possible, n=1.

Atom of Lithium has atomic number of Z=3

Substituing:

[tex]E_{1} = - 3^{2}.\frac{2.179.10^{-18}}{1}[/tex]

[tex]E_{1} =[/tex] [tex]-19.611.10^{-18}[/tex] J

The energy for the electron in the [tex]Li^{+2}[/tex] ion is - 19.611 joules

The lowest possible energy, in Joules, for the electron in the [tex]Li^{2+}[/tex] ion is equal to [tex]1.96\times 10^{-17}\; Joules[/tex]

To determine the lowest possible energy, in Joules, for the electron in the [tex]Li^{2+}[/tex] ion, we would use the Bohr model:

Mathematically, Bohr's model is given by the equation:

[tex]Energy = -Z^2 \frac{k}{n^2}[/tex]

Where:

We know that the atomic number of lithium (Li) is equal to 3.

Also, at the lowest possible energy, n = 1.

Rydberg constant = [tex]2.179 \times 10^{-18}[/tex]

Substituting the parameters into the equation, we have;

[tex]E_1 = -3^2 \times \frac{2.179 \times 10^{-18}}{1^2} \\\\E_1 =9 \times 2.179 \times 10^{-18}\\\\E_1 =1.96\times 10^{-17}\; Joules[/tex]

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Answer:

Citra should make it equal to the length of the rod.

Explanation:

A basic permanent wrap method is a 9 section wrap method in which all the base sections are horizontal, having same length and width of the rod

Basic permanent wrap method causes a uniform curl from the scalp to the end of the hair.

In permanent wrap method, paneling the hair equal to the length will make the will give the same size as the rod.

The length of the rod determines the size of the curl.

Once Holly's hair is divided into panel and make it as wide as the length of the rod, it will curl in the same size as the rod lengths and the hair will perm well.

Answer:B

Explanation: A P E X

Answer:

2–Ethyl–3–methlypentanal.

Explanation:

To name the compound given in the question above, we must observe the following:

1. The functional group of the compound is Alkanal i.e Aldehyde,

—CHO and it is located at carbon 1.

Note: the aldehyde functional group is always at carbon 1 and there will be no need to state it's position in the compound.

2. The longest continuous carbon chain is 5 i.e pentane. But the presence of the functional group will replace the –e at the end of pentane with –al, making the name to the pentanal.

3. The substituents attached are:

a. Ethyl, CH2CH3 at carbon 2.

b. Methyl, CH3 at carbon 3.

4. Combine the above to get the name of the compound.

Therefore, the name of the compound is:

2–Ethyl–3–methlypentanal.

Answer:

[C₆H₅NH₃⁺] = 0.0399 M

Explanation:

This excersise can be easily solved by the Henderson Hasselbach equation

C₆H₅NH₃Cl → C₆H₅NH₃⁺  + Cl⁻

pOH = pKb + log (salt/base)

As we have value of pH, we need to determine the pOH

14 - pH = pOH

pOH = 8.43  (14 - 5.57)

Now we replace data:

pOH = pKb + log ( C₆H₅NH₃⁺/  C₆H₅NH₂ )

8.43 = 9.13 + log (  C₆H₅NH₃⁺ / 0.2 )

-0.7 = log (  C₆H₅NH₃⁺ / 0.2 )

10⁻⁰'⁷ = C₆H₅NH₃⁺ / 0.2

0.19952 = C₆H₅NH₃⁺ / 0.2

C₆H₅NH₃⁺ = 0.19952 . 0.2  = 0.0399 M

Answer:

Approximately [tex]1.854\; \rm mol\cdot L^{-1}[/tex].

Explanation:

Note that both figures in the question come with four significant figures. Therefore, the answer should also be rounded to four significant figures. Intermediate results should have more significant figures than that.

Look up the relative atomic mass of [tex]\rm Sr[/tex], [tex]\rm O[/tex], and [tex]\rm H[/tex] on a modern periodic table. Keep at least four significant figures in each of these atomic mass data.

Calculate the formula mass of [tex]\rm Sr(OH)_2[/tex]:

[tex]M\left(\rm Sr(OH)_2\right) = 87.62 + 2\times (15.999 + 1.008) = 121.634\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}[/tex].

[tex]M\left(\rm Sr(OH)_2\right) =121.634\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}[/tex] means that each mole of [tex]\rm Sr(OH)_2[/tex] formula units have a mass of [tex]121.634\; \rm g[/tex].

The question states that there are [tex]10.60\; \rm g[/tex] of [tex]\rm Sr(OH)_2[/tex] in this solution.

How many moles of [tex]\rm Sr(OH)_2[/tex] formula units would that be?

[tex]\begin{aligned}n\left(\rm Sr(OH)_2\right) &= \frac{m\left(\rm Sr(OH)_2\right)}{M\left(\rm Sr(OH)_2\right)}\\ &= \frac{10.60\; \rm g}{121.634\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}} \approx 8.71467\times 10^{-2}\; \rm mol\end{aligned}[/tex].

There are [tex]8.71467\times 10^{-2}\; \rm mol[/tex] of [tex]\rm Sr(OH)_2[/tex] formula units in this [tex]47\; \rm mL[/tex] solution. Convert the unit of volume to liter:

[tex]V = 47\; \rm mL = 0.047\; \rm L[/tex].

The molarity of a solution measures its molar concentration. For this solution:

[tex]\begin{aligned}c\left(\rm Sr(OH)_2\right) &= \frac{n\left(\rm Sr(OH)_2\right)}{V}\\ &= \frac{8.71467\times 10^{-2}\; \rm mol}{0.047\; \rm L} \approx 1.854\; \rm mol \cdot L^{-1}\end{aligned}[/tex].

(Rounded to four significant figures.)

Answer:

Solution A is a Weak Alkali, Solution B is a strong Acid.

Explanation:

At pH 10, the colour is blue, therefore it's a weak alkali.

At pH 1, the colour is red, therefore it's a strong Acid.

Answer:

- Pressure in St. Paul, Minnesota

- Temperature in St. Paul, Minnesota

Explanation:

22.4 L or dm³ is the volume for a gas under Standard pressure and temperature conditions.

It is logically to say, that tempereature value at the day of the experiment was not 273.15 K, which is 32°F

We can say, that the pressure was not 1 atm. St Paul Minnesota has  a minimum, but a little height, so the pressure differs by few figures from the standard pressure values.

We also have to mention, that 22.4 L is the value for the Ideal gases at standards conditions. Ideal gases does not exisist on practice, we always talk about real gases. Don't forget the Ideal Gases Law equation:

P . V = n . R . T

Pressure . Volume = number of moles . 0.082 L.atm /mol. K  . 273.15K

Number of moles must be 1 at STP, to determine a volume of 22.4L

Answer:

Helium and potassium

Explanation:

The density of helium is 0.18 and potassium 0.86, while lithium is 0.53

Answer:

There should be one lithium, not two.

Explanation:

Lithium reacts with hydrogen at about 750°C to yield lithium hydride (LiH). LiH is white and powdery in appearance. It releases hydrogen gas when it reacts with water.

The correct formula for Lithium hydride is LiH and not Li2H because both lithium and hydrogen are univalent. Lithium has a valency of +1 while hydrogen has a valency of -1 in lithium hydride. Hydrides are formed between hydrogen and highly electro positive metals. In hydrides, hydrogen is forced to accept an electron from the highly electro positive metal.

Answer:

26.5 kD  

Explanation:

Here we can apply the formula ∏ = iMRT, where ∏ = osmotic pressure = 0.56 - ( given ). This is only one part of the information we are given / can conclude in this case ....

i = van’t Hoff factor = 1 for a protein molecule,

R = gas constant = 62.36 L torr / K-mol,

T ( temperature in Kelvin ) = 25 + 273 - conversion factor C° + 273 = 298K

( Known initially ) ∏ = osmotic pressure = 0.56 torr

..... besides the part " M " in the formula, which we have no information on whatsoever, as we have to determine it's value.

_____

Substitute derived / known values to solve for M ( moles / liter ) -

∏ = iMRT

⇒ 0.56 = ( 1 )( M )( 62.36 )( 298 )

⇒ 0.56 = M( 18583.28 )

⇒ M = 0.56 / 18583.28 ≈ 0.00003013461 ....

_____

We know that M = moles / liter, so we can use this to solve for moles, and hence calculate the molar mass by the formula molar mass = g / mol -

M = mol / l

⇒ 0.00003013461 = 0.020 / 25 mL ( 0.025 L ),

0.020 / 0.025 = 0.8 g / L

⇒ 0.8 g = 0.00003013461 moles,

molar mass = 0.8 g / 0.00003013461 moles = 26,548 g / mol = 26.5 kD  

Answer:

pH = 3.23

Explanation:

Before the addition of any NaOH, the only you have is a 0.020M acetic acid solution. That is in equilibrium with water as follows:

HC₂H₃O₂(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ C₂H₃O₂⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)

The Ka of this reaction is:

Ka = 1.8x10⁻⁵ = [C₂H₃O₂⁻] [H₃O⁺] / [HC₂H₃O₂]

Where [] are concentrations in equilibrium of each species

As you have in solution just HC₂H₃O₂, the equilibrium concentrations will be:

[HC₂H₃O₂] = 0.020M - X

[C₂H₃O₂⁻] = X

[H₃O⁺] = X

Where X is reaction coordinate.

Repalcing in Ka expression:

1.8x10⁻⁵ = [C₂H₃O₂⁻] [H₃O⁺] / [HC₂H₃O₂]

1.8x10⁻⁵ = [X] [X] / [0.020M - X]

3.6x10⁻⁷ - 1.8x10⁻⁵X = X²

3.6x10⁻⁷ - 1.8x10⁻⁵X - X² = 0

Solving for X:

X = -0.0006M → False solution. There is no negative concentrations

X = 0.000591M → Right solution.

As:

[H₃O⁺] = X

[H₃O⁺] = 0.000591M

As pH = -log[H₃O⁺]

The name of the molecule which is given below is 2-pentene.

Alkenes are the organic compounds which are composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms, in which double bond is present.

In the given diagram:

So the compound is 2 pentene.

Hence, 2 pentene is the name of the compound.

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Answer:

Total ATP molecules produced = 66 molecules of ATP

Explanation:

A 10-carbon fatty acid when it has undergone complete oxidation will yield 5 acetyl-CoA molecules and 4 FADH₂ and 4 NADH molecules each. Each of the 5 acetyl-CoA molecules enters into the citric acid cycle and is completely oxidized to yield further ATP and  FADH₂ and NADH molecules.

The total yield of ATP in the various enzymatic step is calculated below:

Acyl-CoA dehydrodenase = 4 FADH₂

β-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase = 4 NADH

Isocitrate dehydrogenase = 5 NADH

α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase = 5 NADH

Succinyl-CoA synthase = 5 ATP (from substrate-level phosphorylation of GDP)

Succinate dehydrogenase = 5 FADH₂

Malate dehydrogenase = 5 NADH

Total ATP  from FADH₂ molecoles = 9 * 1.5 = 13.5

Total NADH molecules = 19 * 2.5 = 47.5

Total ATP molecules produced = 13.5 + 47.5 + 5

Total ATP molecules produced = 66 molecules of ATP

Answer:

Explanation:

First, calculate the number of acetyl-CoA molecules formed:

Number of acetyl-CoA molecules = [tex]\frac{number of carbons in fatty acid}{2}[/tex]

[tex]= \frac{10}{2}\\\\ = 5 acetyl-CoA molecules[/tex]

Next, calculate the number of rounds of beta-oxidation:

Number of rounds = number of acetyl-CoA molecules - 1

[tex]= 5 - 1\\\\ = 4 rounds[/tex]

Calculate the number of ATP from NADH and FADH2:

If each NADH yields 2.5 ATPs and each FADH2 yields 1.5 ATPs, then multiply the number of rounds by 4 and multiply the number of acetyl-CoA molecules by 10.

[tex](4 * 4) + (5 * 10) = 66 ATP[/tex]

Subract two ATP molecules for activation of the fatty acid.

[tex]Total ATP = 66 - 2\\\\ = 64 ATPs[/tex]

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Answer:

d, 34 neutrons

Explanation:

Mass number is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons.

Atomic number equals to the number of protons.

Since the element has an atomic number of 31, it has 31 protons. The number of neutrons equal to mass number - no. of protons,

which in this case is 65 - 31

= 34 neutrons.

In a neutral atom, the no. of electrons equal to the no. of protons, because each proton carries a +1 charge and each  electron carries a -1 charge. To cancel out the charge, their numbers must be equal. So, this atom has 31 electrons.

From the options, only d is correct. (34 neutrons)

Answer: The average atomic mass of oxygen is 15.999 amu

Explanation:

Mass of isotope O-16 = 15.995 amu

% abundance of isotope O-16= 99.759 % = [tex]\frac{99.759}{100}=0.99759[/tex]

Mass of isotope O-17 = 16.995 amu

% abundance of isotope O-17 = 0.037% = [tex]\frac{0.037}{100}=0.00037[/tex]

Mass of isotope O-18 = 17.999 amu

% abundance of isotope O-18 = 0.204% = [tex]\frac{0.204}{100}=0.00204[/tex]

Formula used for average atomic mass of an element :

[tex]\text{ Average atomic mass of an element}=\sum(\text{atomic mass of an isotopes}\times {{\text { fractional abundance}})[/tex]

[tex]A=\sum[(15.995\times 0.99759)+(16.995\times 0.00037)+(17.999 \times 0.00204)][/tex]

[tex]A=15.999[/tex]

Thus the average atomic mass of oxygen is 15.999 amu

Answer:

Converting the percent abundance into decimal form, we get:

O-16: 99.759% = 99.759/100 = 0.9975

O-17: 0.037% = 0.037/100 = 0.00037

O-18: 0.204% = 0.204/100 = 0.0020

Average atomic mass of oxygen is:

(15.995) x (0.9975) + (16.995) x (0.00037) + (17.999) x (0.0020)

= 15.955 + 0.0062 + 0.0359

= 15.997 amu

Explanation:

From PLATO

Answer:

Graphite> sodium chloride> solid ammonia

Explanation:

Melting points of solids has a lot to do with the nature of intermolecular forces in the solid. A substance melts when the intermolecular forces holding the crystal lattice has been overcome such that that the crystal structure of the solid just collapses.

Graphite consists of covalently bonded layers of carbon atom which form a giant lattice. The melting point of graphite is very high because of the fact that the strong covalent bonds that hold the carbon atoms together in the layers require a lot of heat energy to break. Grapoghite melts at about 3600°C

Sodium chloride is an ionic compound that melts at about 801°C. The lattice is composed of alternate sodium and chloride ions.

Solid ammonia is held together by much weaker intermolecular interaction hence it has a melting point of about −77.73 °C.

Answer:

The correct answer is option B and D, that is, halogen (chlorine) and hydroxyl.

Explanation:

An artificial sweetener and sugar substitute is sucralose. It is noncaloric as the majority of the sucralose ingested does not get dissociated within the body. The generation of sucralose takes place by the chlorination of sucrose. It is about 300 to 1000 times sweeter in comparison to sucrose.  

The consumption of sucralose is safe for both nondiabetics and diabetics, it is used in various food and beverage components due to non-caloric sweetener characteristics. It does not affect the levels of insulin and does not affect dental health. As it is produced by chlorination of sucrose, thus, the functional groups present in it are a halogen (chlorine) and a hydroxyl.  

Answer:

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d² or [Ar] 3d² 4s²

Explanation:

Electron configuration can basically be referred to as the location of electron; how the electrons are arranged in the orbitals of the atoms.

Following Aufbau principle, electrons are arranged in the following order of orbitals.

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d and so on.

The s can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, p can hold a maximum of 6 electrons and d can hold a maximum of 10 electrons.

Titanium has an atomic number of 22. So the arrangement is given as;

Ti = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d²

The short hand notation is given as;

[Ar] 3d² 4s²

The electron configuration of Ti is

[tex]Ti: 1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{6} 4s^{2} 3d^{2}[/tex]   or  [tex]Ti: [Ar] 4s^{2} 3d^{2}[/tex]

The electron configuration of an element is the distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals.

According to Aufbau's principle, the orbitals with lower energies are filled before the orbitals with higher energies.

We can know this order, using the diagonal rule (attached image).

The maximum number of electrons in each sublevel is:

Considering all these facts, and that Titanium has 22 electrons, the electron configuration of Ti is:

[tex]Ti: 1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{6} 4s^{2} 3d^{2}[/tex]

Since [tex]1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{6}[/tex] is the electron configuration of Argon, this can also be written as:

[tex]Ti: [Ar] 4s^{2} 3d^{2}[/tex]

The electron configuration of Ti is

[tex]Ti: 1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{6} 3s^{2} 3p^{6} 4s^{2} 3d^{2}[/tex]   or  [tex]Ti: [Ar] 4s^{2} 3d^{2}[/tex]

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Answer:

C. Rows 6 and 7, separated from the rest of the table

Explanation:

The lanthanides and actinides are groups of elements in the periodic table, that are thirty (30) in number. They are separated from the rest of the periodic table, usually appearing as separate rows at the bottom. They are often called the inner transition metals, because they all fill the f-block.

Therefore, the correct option is C

" They are found in Rows 6 and 7, separated from the rest of the table"

Answer:

15.0L

Explanation:

p/v = constan

(9*21)/253 =(15v)/ 302

v = (9*21*302)/(15*253)

v=15.0

Answer:

6.022 × 10^23

hope this helps :)

Explanation:

I hope it helps you

good luck

Answer for the question

Answer:

-285.4 J/K

Explanation:

Let's consider the following balanced equation.

HCl(g) + NH₃(g) ⇒ NH₄Cl(s)

We can calculate the standard entropy change for the reaction (ΔS°r) using the following expression.

ΔS°r = 1 mol × S°(NH₄Cl(s)) - 1 mol × S°(HCl(g)) - 1 mol × S°(NH₃(g))

ΔS°r = 1 mol × 94.6 J/K.mol - 1 mol × 187 J/K.mol - 1 mol × 193 J/K.mol

ΔS°r = -285.4 J/K

Answer:

-198.3 J/K mol

Explanation:

I got it correct on founders edtell

Answer:

O, S, Te

Cl, Br, Se

Explanation:

Main group elements have an electronegativity that increases across a period (from left to right) and decreases down a group.

Each atom has its own value which you can find on the electronegativity chart.

Metals have low values

Nonmetals have high values

I'm your case:

O = 3.5

S = 2.5

Te = 2.1

Cl = 3.0

Br = 2.8

Se = 2.4

O, S, Te, and Cl, Br, Se are the correct order for the elements listed in order of decreasing electronegativity.

Electronegativity. is the tendency or the efficiency of an atom to attract the lone pair of electrons towards itself to become stable and complete their octave is known as electronegativity.

In the periodic table oxygen, fluorine and nitrogen are the three top, most electronegative elements, and from moving up to down in periodic table electronegativity. decreases and left to right increases.

Therefore,  the correct order for the elements listed in order of decreasing electronegativity is O, S, Te, and Cl, Br, Se.

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Answer:

Molarity of sodium acetate you will need to add is 0.0324M

Explanation:

Assuming volume of the buffer is 1L.

The pH of a buffer can be determined using Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log [A⁻] / [HA]

Where pKa is pKa of the weak acid,  [A⁻] molar concentration of conjugate base and [HA] molar concentration of weak acid

Replacing for the acetic buffer (pKa = 4.76):

pH = 4.76 + log [Sodium Acetate] / [Acetic Acid]

As you have 0.010 moles of acetic acid in 1L:

[Acetic Acid] = 0.010mol / 1L = 0.010M

And you require a pH of 5.27:

5.27 = 4.76 + log [Sodium Acetate] / [0.010M]

0.51 = log [Sodium Acetate] / [0.010M]

10^0.51 = [Sodium Acetate] / [0.010M]

3.236 =  [Sodium Acetate] / [0.010M]

3.236 [0.010M] = [Sodium Acetate]

0.0324M = [Sodium Acetate]

Answer:

B) Ionic

Explanation: