14.4 g of carbon are required. Since the coefficients of CH4 and CO2 are both 1, every mole of CH4 that is consumed results in the production of one mole of CO2.
For every mole of CH4, how many kilos of carbon molecules are there?It indicates that a mole of carbon atoms weighs 12 grammes and a mole of hydrogen atoms weighs one gramme (nearly exactly) (again, almost exactly). A mole of methane should weigh 16 grammes as it is made up of 1 mole of carbon and 4 moles of hydrogens.
1 mol C divided by 1 mol CH4 yields 1.2 moles of carbon.
1 mol C divided by 12 g C results in 14.4 grammes of C.
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researchers estimated that 0.07%, by mass, of a 12-gram sample of an orchid plant consists of the fattyacid eicosadienoic acid. based on this estimate, whatis the mass of eicosadienoic acid, in grams, in thisorchid sample?
The mass of eicosadienoic acid, in grams, in thisorchid sample is 0.0084 grams.
In this particular question, we are asked for the mass of eicosadienoic acid, in grams, in a 12-gram sample of an orchid plant based on an estimate that 0.07% (percent by mass), of the sample consists of this fatty acid. To solve this problem, we can use a simple proportion:
0.07/100 = x/12
where x is the mass of eicosadienoic acid, in grams, in the 12-gram sample. To solve for x, we can cross-multiply and simplify:
0.07 × 12 = 100 × x
0.84 = 100x
x = 0.0084 grams
Therefore, the mass of eicosadienoic acid in the 12-gram sample of the orchid plant is 0.0084 grams.
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What is the correct net ionic equation to describe this precipitation reaction?Co(NO3)2(aq)+2NaOH(aq)⟶2NaNO3(aq)+Co(OH)2(s)Co(NOX3)X2(aq)+2NaOH(aq)⟶2NaNOX3(aq)+Co(OH)X2(s)
The correct net ionic equation for the given ionic equation is,
Co²⁺+ (aq) + 2 OH⁻⁻ (aq) → Co(OH)₂ (s)
Generally the net ionic equation is defined as a chemical equation for a reaction that counts only those species participating in the reaction. Basically the net ionic equation is mostly used in acid-base neutralization reactions, double displacement reactions, and redox reactions.
HCl, NaOH, and NaCl are some examples of strong electrolytes. As these electrolytes, completely dissociates into their ions in solution, and although it may written that "HCl" we really mean "H+ + Cl–". Also, "NaOH" is "Na+ + OH–" and "NaCl" is "Na+ + Cl–".
Hence, the correct net ionic equation for the given ionic equation is Co²⁺+ (aq) + 2 OH⁻⁻ (aq) → Co(OH)₂ (s).
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2. What would the volume of air inside a 40. 0 L tire under 218 kPa of pressure occupy if it all escaped into a balloon at 101. 3 kPa?
The volume of air inside a 40.0 L tire under 218 kPa of pressure that would occupy at 101.3 kPa pressure is 86.1 L.
To calculate the volume of air inside a 40.0 L tire under 218 kPa of pressure that would occupy at 101.3 kPa pressure, we can use the following formula, known as Boyle's law:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
where P₁ is the initial pressure, V₁ is the initial volume, P₂ is the final pressure, and V₂ is the final volume.
In this case, we know:
P₁ = 218 kPa
V₁ = 40.0 L
P₂ = 101.3 kPa
V₂ = ?
Now we can rearrange the formula to solve for V₂:
V₂ = (P₁ x V₁) / P₂
Substituting the values, we get:
V₂ = (218 kPa x 40.0 L) / 101.3 kPa
= 86.1 L
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how many grams of calcium carbonate are necessary to weigh out 9.50 moles?
The molar mass of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) is approximately 100.09 g/mol. The gram is commonly used to measure the mass of small objects, such as food items, coins, and jewelry.
What is a gram ?A gram is a unit of mass in the metric system, abbreviated as It is defined as one-thousandth of a kilogram, which is the base unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI).
It is also used in scientific measurements, such as in chemistry and physics, to express the mass of atoms, molecules, and other particles.
To calculate the mass of 9.50 moles of calcium carbonate, we can use the following formula:
mass = moles x molar mass
Substituting the given values, we get:
mass = 9.50 moles x 100.09 g/mol
mass = 950.45 g
Therefore, 9.50 moles of calcium carbonate would have a mass of approximately 950.45 grams.
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PROVIDE 3 REASONS THESE EROSION RATES MAY HAVE DROPPED DURING THE TIME PERIOD GIVEN
The three possible reasons why erosion rates may have dropped during the time period given are more likely due to Conservation practices, Land-use changes and Technological advances.
Here are three possible reasons why erosion rates may have dropped during the time period given:
1. Conservation practices: There has been increased adoption of conservation practices on agricultural lands, such as conservation tillage, cover cropping, and terracing, which reduce soil erosion rates.
These practices help to conserve soil moisture, promote soil health, and minimize soil disturbance, all of which help to reduce erosion rates.
2. Land-use changes: Land-use changes may have led to a reduction in erosion rates. For example, the conversion of marginal cropland to permanent vegetation cover, such as grassland or forest, can significantly reduce erosion rates.
Additionally, the reduction in tillage practices for crop production and the use of perennial crops with deeper roots can help to stabilize soils and reduce erosion rates.
3. Technological advances: Technological advances in soil conservation practices, such as the development of precision agriculture and real-time weather monitoring, have also contributed to the reduction in erosion rates.
These advances enable farmers to tailor their agricultural practices to site-specific conditions, thereby minimizing soil erosion rates.
For example, precision agriculture technologies can be used to optimize fertilizer and pesticide applications, reducing soil disturbance and runoff, while real-time weather monitoring allows farmers to adjust their practices in response to changing weather conditions.
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what is the activation energy for the isomerization of methyl isocyanide?
The activation energy for the isomerization of methyl isocyanide is 198 kJ/mol.
Isomerization is a chemical reaction in which a molecule undergoes a structural rearrangement without being broken down into smaller molecules. The activation energy is the energy that must be supplied to a chemical reaction to begin. It is a measure of the reaction's difficulty to begin.
Methyl isocyanide is a chemical compound that is a colorless gas with a powerful odor. It is a linear molecule with the chemical formula CH₃NC. This compound is of interest because of its unusual reactivity and its ability to form a stable complex with transition metals in coordination chemistry.
In the case of methyl isocyanide, the reaction pathway involves the rearrangement of a single bond from C-N to N-C. The energy required for this transformation, including the necessary breaking and formation of bonds, is known as the activation energy. It is this energy barrier that must be overcome for the reaction to proceed.
Thus, the activation energy of the isomerization of methyl isocyanide is 198 kJ/mol. This is a relatively high energy requirement, indicating that the reaction is unlikely to occur under normal conditions without additional energy input.
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calculate the mass of sodium acetate (nach3coo) required to prepare 50.0 ml of a 0.10 m sodium acetate solution, the molar mass of nach3coo is 82.03 g/mol
The mass of sodium acetate (CH₃COONa) required to prepare 50.0 ml of a 0.10 m sodium acetate solution is 0.41g.
0.10 M aqueous solution of sodium acetate means that 1000 mL of a solution containing 0.10 moles of sodium acetate.
1 ml of solution = 0.10moles
∴No. of moles of sodium acetate in 50mL
= (0.10/1000)×50
= 0.005
Number of moles is calculated as
=Mass given/ Molecular mass
The molar mass of sodium acetate = 82.03g/mol
∴Mass of sodium acetate acquired
=no of moles of sodium acetate × molar mass of sodium acetate
= 0.005 mol ×82.03 g/mol
= 0.41 g
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help me plesa.Which of the following are examples of negative tropism? (Select all that apply.)
a plant’s stem growing upward out of the ground
a plant’s leaves growing away from the sunlight
a plant’s leaves growing toward the direction of the sun
a plant’s roots growing down into the soil
Examples of negative tropism would be:
A plant’s leaves growing away from the sunlightA plant’s roots growing down into the soilWhat is negative tropism?Negative tropism is the growth or movement of a plant away from a stimulus, such as light or gravity.
In the case of the examples given, the plant's leaves growing away from the sunlight is an example of negative phototropism, while the plant's roots growing down into the soil is an example of negative geotropism.
Thus, the two examples of negative tropism are:
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write word problem for 6ml of 3% h2o2 in a clean test tube, add a tiny amount of mno2 to test tube and loosely stopper the tube, after 15-20 seconds hold at 45
The resulting solution will contain 0.18 mL of MNO2 and be 0.01% in concentration.
To solve this problem, let's first set up the equation:
6 mL * 3% H2O2 = X mL * Y% MNO2
Next, let's solve for X and Y:
X = 6 mL * 3% = 0.18 mL
Y = 0.18 mL / 6 mL * 3% = 0.01%
Now that we have X and Y, we can answer the question.
Given 6 mL of 3% H2O2 in a clean test tube, add a tiny amount of MNO2 to the test tube and loosely stopper the tube. After 15-20 seconds, hold the tube at 45 degrees. The resulting solution will contain 0.18 mL of MNO2 and be 0.01% in concentration.
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Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid. What is the molarity of the solution produced
when 2.08 mol of acetic acid is dissolved in sufficient water to prepare 15 mL of
solution?
13.9 M
1.39 M
139 M
0.139 M
It's more common to prepare acetic acid solutions with concentrations in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 M.
What is Acetic Acid?
Acetic acid is an organic acid with the chemical formula CH3COOH. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a pungent odor and sour taste. It is also known as ethanoic acid and is the main component of vinegar, which is typically composed of 5-20% acetic acid by volume.
To calculate the molarity of a solution, we need to know the number of moles of solute and the volume of the solution in liters.
In this case, we are given the number of moles of acetic acid (2.08 mol) and the volume of the solution (15 mL or 0.015 L). We can use the formula for molarity:
Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution (in liters)
Molarity = 2.08 mol / 0.015 L = 139 M
Therefore, the molarity of the solution produced is 139 M. However, it's important to note that this concentration is extremely high and not practical or feasible for most laboratory or industrial purposes.
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what is the mass of 2.00 moles of ca(oh)2? group of answer choices 122.5 g 222.4 g 148.2 g 74.1 g 56 g
The mass of 2.00 moles of Ca(OH)₂ is 148.2 g.
What is a mole?A mole is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to represent particles, such as atoms, molecules, or ions. A mole is defined as the amount of a substance that contains the same number of entities (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) as there are in 12 grams of pure carbon-12.
Moles and mass are directly proportional to each other since they both represent the quantity of substance.
Moles = Mass/Molar mass
Mass = Moles x Molar mass
The molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ is calculated as follows:
Molar mass of Ca = 40.1 g/mol
Molar mass of O = 16.0 g/mol
Molar mass of H = 1.0 g/mol2 atoms of oxygen, 2 atoms of hydrogen, and 1 atom of calcium are present in Ca(OH)₂.
Therefore, the molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 40.1 g/mol + 2(16.0 g/mol) + 2(1.0 g/mol) = 74.1 g/mol
The mass of 2.00 moles of Ca(OH)₂ = Moles × Molar mass= 2.00 × 74.1= 148.2 g
Hence, 148.2 g is the mass of 2.00 moles of Ca(OH)₂.
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A solution is tested with litmus paper and its pH value is 3. 34. What color does litmus paper turn in this solution? 35. What is the hydronium ion concentroation of this solution? 36. What is the hydroxide ion concentration of this solution? 37. What is the pOH value of this solution is 3
At standard pressure, which substance becomes less soluble in water as temperature increases from 10.°C to 80.°C?
answer choices
KCl
HCl
NaCl
NH4Cl
Answer:
HCl
Explanation:
The substance is HCl as reference table G shows HCl becomes less soluble as the temperature increases from 10 C to 80 C.
In which compound does carbon have an oxidation state of -4?
1.CO
2.CO2
3.CCL4
4.CH4
Answer:
CH4
Explanation:
I need help with this!! it’s due by the end of the day
The second question asks “What is the percentage of water in the hydrated sample?”
A. The number of moles of water that were absorbed is 0.094 mole
B. The percentage of water in the hydrate is 25.4%
1. How do i determine the mole of water?The number of mole water absorbed can be obtain as follow:
Mass increase = 1.70 grams Mass of water = Mass increase = 1.70 grams Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol Mole of water =?Mole = mass / molar mass
Mole of water = 1.70 / 18
Mole of water = 0.094 mole
B. How do i determine the percentage of water?We can obtain the percentage of water as follow:
Mass of water = 1.70Mass of anhydrous = 5.00 gramsMass of hydrate = 11.7 + 5 = 6.7 gramsPercentage of water =?Percentage of water = (mass of of water / mass of hydrate) × 100
Percentage of water = (1.7 / 6.7) × 100
Percentage of water = 25.4%
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100 POINTS! Please help! (silly answers will be reported)
How many grams of NO2 can be produced from 15.0 g of NO and 5.60 g of O2 according to the equation:
2 NO + O2
2NO2
Answer:
16.1 g
Explanation:
We want to find how many grams of NO₂ can be produced from 15.0 g of NO and 5.60 g of O₂ according to the balanced chemical equation:
[tex]\sf 2 NO + O_2\;\; \longrightarrow \;\;2NO_2[/tex]
First, convert the given masses of both reactants, NO and O₂, to moles using their respective relative formula masses [tex]\sf(M_r)[/tex].
Relative formula masses:
[tex]\sf M_r\;of\;NO: 30.01\;g/mol[/tex][tex]\sf M_r \; of\; O_2: 31.999\;g/mol[/tex]Therefore:
[tex]\sf moles\;of\;NO=\dfrac{mass\;(g)}{M_r}=\dfrac{15.0}{30.01}=0.500[/tex]
[tex]\sf moles\;of\;O_2=\dfrac{mass\;(g)}{M_r}=\dfrac{5.60}{31.999}=0.175[/tex]
Now look at the ratio of the reactants:
2 mol NO : 1 mol O₂ = 0.5 mol NO : 0.25 mol O₂
There are only 0.175 moles of O₂ (instead of 0.25 moles), so the O₂ will run out first. It is the limiting reactant.
Use the moles of the limiting reactant to calculate the mass of the product, remembering to use the molar ratio between the limiting reactant and the product.
Limiting reactant : product = 1 mol O₂ : 2 mol NO₂
Therefore, 0.175 mol O₂ will make 0.35 mol NO₂.
Finally, convert the moles of NO₂ to grams:
[tex]\begin{aligned}\sf Mass\;of\; NO_2 &= \sf moles \times M_r \\&= \sf 0.35 \times 46.0055\\ &= \sf 16.1\; g\end{aligned}[/tex]
help asap please 50 points !!!!
Which of the following will always produce a magnetic force on a nearby iron nail?
O a long piece of copper wire
O a large static electric charge
O an electric current
O an electric field
Answer: An electric current
Explanation:
As there is magnetic effect of electric current i.e when there is an electric current passing through any conductor then is produces a magnetic field around it depending on its shape. so due to magnetic field and a current there will be a magnetic force applied.
a mixture of gases contains 0.31 mol ch 4 , 0.25 mol c 2 h 6, and 0.29 mol c 3 h 8. the total pressure is 1.50 atm. calculate the partial pressures of the gases
The partial pressures of each gas in the mixture are: 0.325 atm for CH4, 0.263 atm for C2H6, and 0.412 atm for C3H8.
To calculate the partial pressure of each gas, we need to first find the total moles of gas in the mixture. The total moles can be calculated by adding up the moles of each gas:
Total moles = 0.31 mol CH₄ + 0.25 mol C2H₆ + 0.29 mol C3H₈ = 0.85 mol
Next, we can calculate the mole fractions of each gas:
Mole fraction of CH₄ = 0.31 mol / 0.85 mol = 0.365
Mole fraction of C2H₆ = 0.25 mol / 0.85 mol = 0.294
Mole fraction of C₃H₈ = 0.29 mol / 0.85 mol = 0.341
Finally, we can calculate the partial pressures of each gas by multiplying the mole fraction by the total pressure:
Partial pressure of CH₄ = 0.365 x 1.50 atm = 0.325 atm
Partial pressure of C₂H₆ = 0.294 x 1.50 atm = 0.263 atm
Partial pressure of C₃H₈ = 0.341 x 1.50 atm = 0.412 atm
Therefore, the partial pressures of each gas in the mixture are: 0.325 atm for CH₄, 0.263 atm for C2H₆, and 0.412 atm for C₃H₈.
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which of the following is not one of the forms of vitamin a in your body and in food listed in the video? a.retinol b.retinoic acid c.retinal d.retinase e.retinyl esters
Retinase. Vitamins don't help to raise how many calories or how much energy the human body needs.
What three forms does vitamin A come in?Dietary supplements that contain vitamin A are often preformed vitamin A in the form of retinyl acetate or retinyl palmitate, provitamin A in the form of beta-carotene, or a combination of preformed and provitamin A.
What variations of vitamin A are there in the body?Preformed vitamin A (retinol, retinyl esters) and provitamin A carotenoids like alpha- and beta-carotene that are converted to retinol are the two main forms of vitamin A in the human diet. Animal products, fortified meals, and vitamin supplements are sources of preformed vitamin A.
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a second student makes a buffer by dissolving 0.100 mol of nano2(s) in 100. ml of 1.00 m hno2(aq). which is more resistant to changes in ph when a strong acid or a strong base is added, the buffer made by the second student or the buffer made by the first student in part (c)? justify your answer.
The buffer solution made by second student is more resistant to changes in pH when a strong acid or a strong base is added.
Generally buffer solution is defined as a water solvent based solution that consists of a mixture which contains a weak acid and also the conjugate base of the weak acid, or a weak base and also the conjugate acid of the weak base. Basically buffer solution are capable of resisting a change in pH upon dilution or upon the addition of small amounts of acid/alkali to them.
Here, the concentration of the second student is 10 times higher than the first student and due to this it has a greater capacity to neutralize acids and bases.
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based on the definition of a mineral, being a naturally occurring solid, formed by inorganic processes, with a characteristic crystal structure and s specific chemical composition, which materials will be classified as minerals?
Based on the definition of a mineral, being a naturally occurring solid, formed by inorganic processes, with a characteristic crystal structure and a specific chemical composition, materials that will be classified as minerals are those that meet the given criteria.
What are minerals?A mineral is a naturally occurring, solid, crystalline substance that is inorganic in nature and has a distinct chemical composition. Minerals are typically formed by geological processes that occur over a long period of time. Minerals are composed of atoms and molecules that are arranged in a regular, three-dimensional pattern, known as a crystal structure. Because minerals are formed under specific conditions, they have distinct physical and chemical properties.
There are numerous minerals in the earth's crust, and they can be identified based on their physical and chemical properties. Mineralogists study minerals and their properties in order to better understand the earth's composition and history.
Mineral resources are commonly used for industrial purposes such as construction, fuel, and electronics.
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during a firework show the white incandescent light is produced by the following reaction. P+O2->P4O10. if a chemical uses 8.00 grams of oxygen in an excess of phosphorus how many grams of P4O10 will the chemist make
14.2g of [tex]P_4O_{10}[/tex] will be made by the chemist when a chemical uses 8.00 grams of oxygen in an excess of phosphorus.
Given the white incandescent light is produced during a firework show
The reaction is as follows:[tex]P + O_2 - > P_4O_{10[/tex]
After balancing the equation we get:[tex]4P + 5O_2 -- > P_4O_{10[/tex]
The mass of oxygen used = 8g
From the reaction we can see that 5 moles of Oxygen ([tex]O_2[/tex]) react with phosphorous to form 1 mole of [tex]P_4O_{10[/tex].
Mass of oxygen used initially = moles x molar mass of [tex]O_2[/tex] = 5 * 32 = 160g
mass of [tex]P_4O_{10[/tex] used = 1 mole x 284g/mole = 284g
for 160g of oxygen 284g of [tex]P_4O_{10[/tex] is produced.
Then for 8g of oxygen = 8 * 284/160 = 14.2g of [tex]P_4O_{10[/tex] is obtained.
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a solenoid is 1.8 m long and has 450 turns per meter. what is the cross-sectional area of this solenoid if it stores 0.39 j of energy when it carries a current of 12 a?
The cross-sectional area of the solenoid is approximately 2.84 × 10\-4 m\2. To find the cross-sectional area of the solenoid, we need to follow these steps:
1. Calculate the total number of turns in the solenoid.
2. Determine the inductance of the solenoid.
3. Calculate the cross-sectional area using the formula for the inductance of a solenoid.
Step 1: Calculate the total number of turns in the solenoid.
Total turns (N) = turns per meter (n) * length (L)
N = 450 turns/m * 1.8 m
N = 810 turns
Step 2: Determine the inductance of the solenoid.
The energy stored in the solenoid (W) can be calculated using the formula:
W = 0.5 * L * I\2
where L is the inductance and I is the current.
Rearrange the formula to find the inductance:
L = 2 * W / I^2
L = 2 * 0.39 J / (12 A)\2
L = 0.078 H (henry)
Step 3: Calculate the cross-sectional area using the formula for the inductance of a solenoid.
The inductance of a solenoid can be calculated using the formula:
L = μ₀ * N\2 * A / L
where μ₀ is the permeability of free space (4π × 10\-7 T·m/A), A is the cross-sectional area, and L is the length.
Rearrange the formula to find the cross-sectional area:
A = L * L / (μ₀ * N\2)
A = 0.078 H * 1.8 m / (4π × 10\-7 T·m/A * (810 turns)\2)
A ≈ 2.84 × 10\-4 m^2
The cross-sectional area of the solenoid is approximately 2.84 × 10\-4 m\2.
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a certain cold remedy is a large tablet that is added to a glass of water. while the tablet dissolves in water, it releases a lot of bubbles. is a chemical or a physical change occurring? how can you tell?
When a large tablet dissolves in water, releasing a lot of bubbles, it is a: chemical change occurs.
The dissolved tablet changes the chemical composition of the water. Here's a step-by-step explanation:
When a large tablet is added to water, it begins to dissolve in the water. This process is known as a physical change because no new substance has been formed. However, the large tablet is made up of chemicals that are reacting with the water as it dissolves. As the chemicals react, they produce a lot of bubbles.
The bubbles are formed because of a chemical reaction that occurs when the tablet dissolves. As the chemicals in the tablet react with the water, they release gases such as carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide gas is what causes the bubbles to form.
The chemical reaction that takes place between the chemicals in the tablet and the water is irreversible, meaning that a new substance is formed. The tablet dissolving in water is a great example of a chemical change because a new substance is formed when the chemicals in the tablet react with the water.
In this case, the bubbles are a byproduct of the chemical reaction that takes place when the tablet dissolves. Therefore, the release of bubbles during the dissolving of the tablet is an indication of a chemical change.
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After determining the amount of moles required for one of the reactants, it was shown that was the limiting reactant and was the excess reactant.
When one of the reactants is identified as the limiting reactant and the other as the excess reactant, the limiting reactant will be entirely consumed by the reaction, while part of the surplus reactant will be left over.
The greatest amount of product that can be created from the specified amounts of reactants is determined by this crucial stoichiometric notion.
In the balanced chemical equation, compare the amounts of each reactant and their associated stoichiometric coefficients to identify which reactant is the limiting reactant.
As it will be consumed entirely before the other reactant, the limiting reactant is the one with the lower necessary number of moles for the reaction.
Stoichiometry can be used to determine how much of the limiting reactant can be converted into the product once it has been identified.
When comparing the amount of excess reactant used in the reaction to the total amount of excess reactant available, the surplus reactant is then recognized.
If needed, stoichiometry can be used to determine the quantity of extra reactant that is still present.
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Answer:
After determining the amount of moles required for one of the reactants, it was shown that ✔ copper was the limiting reactant and ✔ sulfur was the excess reactant.
Explanation:
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the slope of the titration curve near the equivalence point is steep group of answer choices true false
It is true that the slope of titration curve near equivalence point is steep.
How is the slope of the titration curve near the equivalence point?The slope of the titration curve near the equivalence point is steep because there is a rapid change in pH with the addition of small amount of titrant. At the equivalence point, all the analyte has reacted with titrant, and the solution contains only salt and water. Any further addition of titrant causes a rapid increase in pH . The steepness of slope depends on the strength of acid and base involved, as well as their concentrations.
The point at which chemically equivalent quantities of reactants have been mixed is known as equivalence point of a chemical reaction .
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Please help me with this chemistry problem PLEASE!!
The theoretical yield of NH₄NO₃ in grams is 49.03 g (rounded to two decimal places).
nitrogen gas:
Convert the volume of nitrogen gas to moles using the ideal gas law: PV = nRT.
P = 1 atm (standard pressure), V = 16608 L, T = 20°C + 273.15 = 293.15 K, R = 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K
n = PV/RT = (1 atm)(16608 L)/(0.08206 L·atm/mol·K)(293.15 K) = 693.8 moles
Use the balanced chemical equation to determine the amount of product formed by nitrogen gas: 2 moles of N2 react to form 2 moles of NH₄NO₃ .
So, 693.8 moles of N2 would form 693.8/2 = 346.9 moles of NH₄NO₃ .
oxygen gas:
Convert the volume of oxygen gas to moles using the ideal gas law: PV = nRT.
P = 1 atm (standard pressure), V = 7.2123 L, T = 20°C + 273.15 = 293.15 K, R = 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K
n = PV/RT = (1 atm)(7.2123 L)/(0.08206 L·atm/mol·K)(293.15 K) = 0.3069 moles
Use the balanced chemical equation to determine the amount of product formed by oxygen gas: 1 mole of O2 reacts to form 2 moles of NH₄NO₃ .
So, 0.3069 moles of O2 would form 0.3069 x 2 = 0.6138 moles of NH₄NO₃ .
water:
Convert the volume of water to mass using its density:
Mass = Volume x Density = 7.2310 L x 1.00 kg/L x 1000 g/kg = 7231 g
Use the balanced chemical equation to determine the amount of product formed by water: 4 moles of H₂O react to form 2 moles of NH₄NO₃ .
So, 7231 g of H2O would form (2/4) x (7231 g/18.015 g/mol) = 201.2 moles of NH₄NO₃ .
Since oxygen gas forms the least amount of product, it is the limiting reactant. Therefore, we will use the amount of NH₄NO₃ formed by oxygen gas to calculate the theoretical yield.
The molar mass of NH₄NO₃ is 80.0434 g/mol.
The amount of NH₄NO₃ formed by oxygen gas is 0.6138 moles.
Therefore, the theoretical yield of NH₄NO₃ is (0.6138 mol) x (80.0434 g/mol) = 49.03 g.
The theoretical yield of NH₄NO₃ in grams is 49.03 g (rounded to two decimal places).
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1. Predict the types of
intermolecular forces that may act between
the molecules in these substances.
a. CO₂
b. NH,
c. HCI
d. C,H,
a. Due to the non-polar nature of CO2 molecules, London dispersion forces are the only intermolecular forces that may interact with them.
b. Due to the presence of a nitrogen atom with a single pair of electrons, NH3 molecules are polar and are capable of both hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions.
c. Due to their polar nature, HCl molecules are capable of both hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions.
d. Since C6H6 (benzene) molecules are non-polar, London dispersion forces are the only intermolecular forces that can act between them.
2. State a chemical test you could perform to distinguish between unlabelled samples of the following
solutions. Give the expected observations.
a) sodium sulfate & calcium nitrate
b) sodium sulfate & sodium nitrate
c) strontium nitrate & strontium hydroxide
d) barium chloride & lithium chloride
3. Compound A gives a lilac flame test colour and produces a white precipitate when added to a solution
of barium chloride. Identify compound A.
Answer:
2. Chemical tests to distinguish between unlabelled samples of the following solutions and their expected observations are:
a) Sodium sulfate and calcium nitrate: Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the unknown solution. Calcium nitrate will produce a white precipitate while sodium sulfate will not produce any precipitate.
b) Sodium sulfate and sodium nitrate: Add silver nitrate solution to the unknown solution. Sodium nitrate will produce a white precipitate of silver chloride while sodium sulfate will not react.
c) Strontium nitrate and strontium hydroxide: Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the unknown solution. Strontium hydroxide will produce a white precipitate while strontium nitrate will not produce any precipitate.
d) Barium chloride and lithium chloride: Add a few drops of dilute sulfuric acid to the unknown solution, followed by a few drops of a solution of potassium dichromate. Barium chloride will produce a green color while lithium chloride will not show any color.
3. Compound A giving a lilac flame test color and producing a white precipitate when added to a solution of barium chloride indicates the presence of potassium ion (K+). Therefore, compound A is most likely potassium chloride (KCl).
How are creating triglycerides from fatty acids and glycerol?
Triglycerides are formed by a process called esterification, in which fatty acids react with glycerol to form a molecule of triglyceride and three molecules of water. This process is catalyzed by enzymes known as lipases.
The chemical equation for the esterification of one molecule of glycerol with three molecules of fatty acid is as follows:
3 Fatty Acids + Glycerol → Triglyceride + 3 Water molecules
In this reaction, each of the three fatty acid molecules undergoes a condensation reaction with one of the hydroxyl (-OH) groups of the glycerol molecule.
This results in the formation of an ester bond between the fatty acid and the glycerol, and the release of one molecule of water. The reaction is repeated three times, resulting in the formation of a triglyceride molecule.
Triglycerides are a type of lipid that are stored in adipose tissue and serve as a source of energy for the body. They can be broken down by enzymes called lipases to release fatty acids and glycerol, which can then be used as a source of energy by the body.
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