Compare and contrast the contributions of Neel, Pauling, and Ingram to our understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of sickle cell disease (SCD).

Answers

Answer 1

He demonstrated that SCD and sickle cell trait were due to the presence of abnormal 8-globin polypeptides in red blood cells. He demonstrated that the electrophhoretic mobility of B-globin from patients with SCD was different from that of healthy individuals. He demonstrated that both parents of multiple patients with SCD had low levels of sickled red blood cells. He hypothesized that SCD was a recessive trait and that the parents of patients with SCD would be heterozygous carriers. He demonstrated that the difference between B-globin polypeptides in individuals who were healthy and those with SCD is an amino acid substitution. He performed a peptide fingerprint analysis on B-globin from individuals with 84 84 and 89 88, which identified the segment of B-globin that was changed by the BS mutation. James Neel Linus Pauling Vernon Ingram

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Related Questions

What effects would you expect uncontrolled celiac disease to have on children? How do these effects relate to what is shown in the model?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Because the villi get damaged, they can’t absorb enough nutrients. So, children might have slow or stalled growth and development because they don’t get enough nutrients.

Answer:

Because the villi get damaged, they can’t absorb enough nutrients. So, children might have slow or stalled growth and development because they don’t get enough nutrients.

Explanation:

PLATO answer

The nerve cells in your body must constantly remove substances from the cell against the concentration gradient. What type of process most likely takes place to remove substances from a cell against the concentration gradient? Explain.

Answers

Answer and explanation:

Active transport refers to a procedure, which withdraws substances from a cell against the concentration gradient. During the process, the molecules move from low concentration to a high concentration.  

The mechanisms of active transport need the application of the energy of the cell, generally in the form of ATP. If a substance needs to move within the cell against its concentration gradient, that is, if the substance's concentration within the cell is more than its concentration in the extracellular fluid, then the cell must utilize energy to move the substance.  

i hope this helped you!

after staining what should be the color of vegetative cells

Answers

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

As a result of staining the cells, while all of the cells now appear pink, the vegetative cells show some area that has not been stained pink (perhaps because they did not take up the dye). This is a clear indication that they are in their vegetative state as opposed to the normal cell growth stage as demonstrated by the remainder of the cells.

In his deletion mapping experiments, Benzer coinfected bacteria with one phage that contained a point mutation and one phage that contained a deletion mutation. Assume that the point mutation and deletion mutation are not in overlapping regions of the phage genome. What phage recombinants would you expect if a crossing-over event occurred between the regions of the two mutations?

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer would be - there will be wild type and double mutant (contains both the deletion mutation and the point mutation)

Explanation:

It is mention that the deletion mutation and point mutation are non-overlapping or no overlapping regions in the phage genome. A crossing-over event between the regions of these two mutations would get wild-type which means there would be neither point mutation nor deletion mutation and other would be a double mutant that contains both mutation - the point mutation and the deletion mutation.

Thus, the correct answer is - there will be wild type and double mutant (contains both the deletion mutation and the point mutation)

1. Explain why some heterotrophs can be described as both a primary consumer and a secondary consumer. What are these heterotrophs called

Answers

Answer:

Heterotrophic species that eat organisms from different trophic levels

Explanation:

Humans are examples of primary and secondary consumers because we are able to eat different types of living forms, thereby acting in the food chain as primary consumers (eating plants) in certain conditions and as secondary consumers (eating animals) in different conditions. Many heterotrophic organisms act at different levels by feeding primary producers and primary consumers based on specific trophic strategies. In consequence, the classification between primary and secondary consumers is arbitrary since it varies according to the trophic strategy adopted by the organism.

Please help I need to finish this fill in the blank ASAP

Answers

Answer:

make a prediction collect the data analyze the data and conclude/ verify the hypothesis

Answer:

I'm not sure what options are available for this but this is what I think.

Explanation:

Create or make a prediction

I

I

v

Conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis

I

I

v

Collect data

I

I

v

Analyze data and come up with a conclusion

Hope this helped and good luck! :)

The most diverse and prevalent organisms on earth are

Answers

Answer:bacteria

Explanation:

The answer is Bacteria

In pea plants, purple flower color, C, is dominant to white flower color, c. The table shows the frequencies of the dominant and recessive alleles in three generations of peas in a garden. Allele Frequency for Flower Color in Peas Generation p q 1 0.60 0.40 2 0.64 0.36 3 0.75 0.25 4 0.80 0.20 Which generation showed the greatest frequency of having one of each allele? generation 1 generation 2 generation 3 generation 4

Answers

Answer:

Generation 1: p= 0.60 q= 0.40

Explanation:

Due to technical problems, you will find the complete answer and explanation in the attached file

Answer:

a.) (generation 1) on edg.

Explanation:

got it right

good luck!

I don't know how to edit my original question, so I am resubmitting it. I have attached a photo with my question. I had it attached it last question too. I'm not sure if it isn't showing up. I really need help. The instructions are to label the arrows in the slide image below with the appropriate stage of the cell cycle.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is -

A: Prophase  (top left)

B: Cytokinesis  (top middle)

C :Interphase  (top right)

D :Telophase  (bottom left)

E: Metaphase  (bottom middle)

F: Anaphase (bottom right)

Explanation:

A. prophse - the first stage of mitosis, in this pahse the chromatin which is DNA and proteins, condenses in nucleus.

B. Cytokinesis  - It is the physical sepration or dividion of cytoplasm of the parental cell.

C. Interphase - This phase have no change in cell except its size as it grows and enlarges itself.

D. Telophase - formation of a nuclear membrane around chromosome set to separate the genetic material from the cytoplasm.

E. Metaphase - visible chromosomes, removal of nucleus and chromosomes present in cytoplasm.

F. Anaphase - replicated chromosomes are separated and move towards opposite poles.

Be the man he always wanted you to be

Answers

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

There are two factors that predominantly influence what type of a person one will become: nature and nurture. Nature refers to the genetic material inherited from the parents, while nurture is the environment in which the person is brought up. Now if this 'he' in question is the biological father, it may well be referring to being the kind of person his father was or have the kind of values he instilled into him during his upbringing while he growing up.

b. (state a differences between blood and inter cellular fluid​

Answers

The intracellular fluid of the cytosol or intracellular fluid, is the liquid found inside cells. Extracellular fluid usually denotes all body fluid outside of cells, and consists of plasma, interstitial, and transcellular fluid. (Surrounds all cells in the body)

Hope this helps!!

In Lake Victoria (the largest freshwater lake in Africa), researchers recently found that in one cichlid species, male fishes with brighter red coloration maintain large territories. Red males are at an advantage because female cichlids tend to choose males with brighter color and larger territory size. Assuming that red coloration is heritable, what do you expect would occur if some females of this species began to prefer male cichlids with blue coloration?

Answers

Answer:

The population of cichlids with blue coloration increases.

Explanation:

If the female prefers blue colored cichlids, so they mate with each other and increase occurs in the population of blue colored cichlids and with the passage of time bright colored cichlids decrease in number due to less reproduction with female cichlids. So those cichlids becomes dominant in the lake to which more female mate and those which receive less female are less in number and having lower territory size.

Cichlid is the fish variety found diversely in South America and Africa. They are primarily herbivores and feed on plants and algae. Cichlids mate both with single or multiple partners.

Speciation would occur if some females of this variety began to prefer male cichlids with a blue coloration. The population of blue colored fishes will increase.

The explanation for the answer is:

Female mate choice plays a major role in speciation. They play important role in differentiation and speciation.

After several generations of mating with the blue parent, all the offspring will become blue.

Change in the recurrence of variation or the genetic drift where red-coloured fishes are preferred will result in the fixation.

This female choice would act as a barrier to the gene flow.

The mutation rate in genes coding for the colour will increase.

To learn more about speciation and genetic drift follow the given link:

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) Recall what you know about crossing over, independent assortment, and random joining of sex cells during sexual reproduction.

Answers

Answer:

Crossing over is the process of interchange of genetic information among non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosome pairs during meiosis (specifically during synapsis in prophase I). During this process, the synaptonemal complex enables the interchange of chromosome fragments between non-sister chromatids through crossing over. Moreover, in sexual reproduction, the zygote diploid cell can be generated by the random joining of fully differentiated haploid gametic cells (male and female gametes). The combination of random joining with the phenomenon of crossing over is known to considerably increase the genetic variation of the resulting offspring. After zygote formation, the successive cycles of cell divisions during embryonic development will develop an organism that during its adult stage will reproduce via sexual reproduction.

Mike is studying the phylogenetic tree for big cats. A big cat phylogenetic tree is shown. A bracket goes to clouded leopard and to another bracket. That bracket goes to 2 additional brackets. One bracket goes to tiger and snow leopard. The other bracket goes to janguar and another bracket. The other bracket has lion and leopard. He made several statements about the tree. Which statement is not true? The leopard is more closely related to the jaguar than to the snow leopard. The leopard is more closely related to the tiger than to the clouded leopard. The leopard is more closely related to the snow leopard than to the clouded leopard. The leopard is more closely related to the tiger than to the snow leopard.

Answers

Answer:

The leopard is more closely related to the snow leopard than to the clouded leopard.

Explanation:

Hope it helps.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The Answer is C my fellow Brainly users

How does the vessel diameter of the afferent arteriole change in order to decrease glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP) and restore the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to normal

Answers

Answer:

The afferent vessel will generate vasodilation, that is, increase its diameter to generate a stirring effect in the glomerulus, promote glomerular filtration and decrease pressure in it.

Explanation:

The renal glomeruli are in charge of filtering the blood.

They have an efferent vessel that collects the blood to be filtered and an afferent that is in charge of returning it to the bloodstream of systemic circulation.

When the pressure of the glomerulus is very high, the glomerular filtration rate is increased and it needs to be regulated, that is why the afferent vessel undergoes vasodilation to decompress the glomerulus pressures and thus regulate the filtration rate by decreasing it.

Does birds kill their young

Answers

Answer:

It depends.

Explanation:

Often times, first-time mothers will not know what to do with their young and accidentally kill them.

Other times, birds will kill their young because the chicks fall ill, and the mothers do not want the sickness to spread to the rest of her chicks.

But for the most part, mothers will keep healthy young and try to keep them alive.

Hope this helps!

People can breed cats for specific traits such as coat color through the process of _____. a. natural selection b. descent with modification c. selection with modification d. artificial selection

Answers

Answer:

D. Artificial Selection.

Explanation:

Normal people can't breed cats by modifying their DNA, so options b and c are eliminated. Breeding cats for specific traits is not natural, so it is not choice a, either. Instead, selective breeding is d. artificial selection.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

D. Artificial Selection.

Describe the sizes of the sun, moon and Earth models given to the participants. Before embarking on the actual activity, what did the participants learn as a result of the size of the models?

Answers

Answer:

(A). (1).SUN AND EARTH= the distance between the sun and the earth is about 0.5 miles.

(2). MOON AND SUN: the distance between the moon and the sun is about 400m.

(B). Kindly check Explanation.

Explanation:

PART A:

(GIVEN TO THE PARTICIPANTS) DESCRIPTION OF THE DISTANCES SIZES OF;

(1).SUN AND EARTH= the distance between the sun and the earth is about 0.5 miles.

(2). MOON AND SUN: the distance between the moon and the sun is about 400m.

PART B = what did the participants learn as a result of the size of the models?

The participants learnt if they so wish to make the size of the moon to be equal to that of the sun, the people or the participants have to move or go back because initially to them(participants) they thought that if are able to move the moon to the sun, it will be equal.

What do you think would happen if there was more glucose (sugar) than available NAD+? Explain.

Answers

Answer:

n people who have developed diabetes, glucose builds up in the blood, resulting in hyperglycemia. ... And, too much sugar in the bloodstream can cause other types of damage to body tissues, which can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke, kidney disease, vision problems, and nerve problems in people with diabetes.

Explanation:

Natural proteins most commonly contain linear polypeptides between 100 and 1000 residues in length. One of the reasons polypeptides outside this range may be disfavored is that

Answers

B) smaller polypeptides do not form stable folded structures.

Alex was energetic once he learned to walk, getting into anything he could find. He soaked in every piece of new information, seeming to learn a new skill every day. But after he turned 2, he became lethargic and inattentive. This coincided with his becoming a much pickier eater; he primarily consumes hot dogs with no bun, fast food French fries, and candy. As a result of this diet, he may have developed . Adding ________ to his diet may help reverse his symptoms.
Which of the following are effects of lead poisoning in infants and children?
a. Slowed body growth
b. Type 1 diabetes
c. Impaired hearing
d. Reduced IQ
e. Kidney damage

Answers

Answer:

All but B are primary symptoms of lead exposure in children and infants  

Explanation:

The effects of lead poisoning in infants and children are:

Slowed body growth

Kidney damage

Impaired hearing

Reduced IQ

Lead is commonly as joint toxicant that affects multiple body systems and is very harmful to young children.

Lead that is present the body is spread to the brain, liver, kidney and bones.

When it is stored in the teeth and bones, where it gathers over time.

Human exposure is usually measured through the measurement of lead in blood.

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​The ____ is a small thin-walled tube that leads from the floor of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. Group of answer choices

Answers

Answer:

Urethra

Explanation:

I'm pretty sure it would be the urethra but if it's not let me know.

The urethra is a small thin-walled tube which leads from the floor of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

What is the excretory system?

Human excretory system includes organs that facilitate the removal of nitrogenous wastes out from the body. The main excretory organs in the human body include kidney, ureter, urinary bladder and urethra. Kidneys are the organs which filter blood and urine is the filtrate obtained that is excreted out of the body.

The urethra is the small thin-walled tube that lets urine leave from bladder and the body. In the males, urethra passes through the prostate gland. In the females, the urethra is much shorter. It runs from the bladder to open in front of the vagina.

Learn more about Urethra here:

https://brainly.com/question/9403169

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Which conclusion about Paradoxides pinus is supported by the information in the table? Life forms existed during the Cambrian period. Similar fossil species formed after the Devonian period. This fossil species first appeared during the Cenozoic era. Different life forms were surviving during Precambrian time.

Answers

Answer:

a

Explanation:

Life forms that existed during the Cambrian period are the conclusions about Paradoxides pinus, hence option A is correct.

What is a Cambrian period?

The Cambrian period is the period when most of the life forms on the earth explode to the different types of animals and plants, in this period most of the separate families of this species are evolving rapidly.

The species occur in this period in which Paradoxides pinus also appears, it was supposed to be a trilobite that lived during the mid-Cambrian.

Paradoxides pinus has a semicircular and elongated body shape, it is hard from the outside due to the exoskeleton, but the inside is soft making it boneless.

Therefore, in the Cambrian period life forms, which are the conclusions about Paradoxides pinus.

Learn more about the Cambrian period, here:

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Morphine, heroin, and methadone
a. are stimulants
b. are derived from opium
O c. are often used to treat ADHD
d. increase the action of the central nervous system​

Answers

Answer:

b. are derived from opium

Explanation:

Morphine, heroin, and methadone are the name of drugs which are derived from the same source called opium poppy.

Morphine, heroin, and methadone are the class of drugs known as opioids or narcotic are used in medical treatment which interacts with brain to reduce pain perception and methadone is also used to reduces withdrawal symptoms due to addiction of heroin and morphine.

Hence, the correct answer is b.

What will most likely happen to the population of moths in this habitat?

Answers

Answer:

Genetic variation will increase because of a new habitat and food source. What will most likely happen to the population of moths in this habitat? The moths will evolve due to a selective pressure. ... Population changes are driven by competition and sexual selection.

Explanation:

1. Hypothesize in what type of environments it would be advantageous for a protist to be autotrophic, heterotrophic, or mixotrophic.

Answers

Answer:

See below

Explanation:

Protists fall into the category of eukaryotes. They are diverse in nature and typically are found to be single celled organisms containing very organized structures.They are classified based on what is their source of nutrition.

Autotrophic - capable of photosynthesis to produce their own food, so an environment where sunlight, CO2 and water is available.

Heterotrophic - feed on other organisms , an environment where prey is plenty and very limited or no access to sunlight.

Mixotrophic - a combination of the above two, an environment with all of the aforementioned factors present.

If we know that apatite is the mineral that makes up the enamel of our teeth, what physical properties might you want to know about apatite when determining how to make a good toothpaste

Answers

Answer:

It's solid and hard.

Explanation:

The form of apatite use in toothpaste is hydroxyapatite which is a natural occuring minerals that is made up ofcalcium phosphate. The majority of the enamel and dentin in your teeth is made from a form of hydroxyapatite. It form hexagonal crystals. Toothpastes that contain hydroxyapatite can help remineralize the enamel, reducing the risk of cavities and erosion. It's physical properties to know ( solid and hardness) help to strengthen or make the teeth bone strong and also give the bone rigidity.

which best describes the relationship between two species and a niche?​

Answers

Answer:

Parasitism

Explanation:

If two species, regardless the type of species are living in the same niche they would be competing for the same resources. This would lead to one of the species killing the other or possibly going extinct.

Answer:

Two species cannot occupy the same niche in the same habitat.

Explanation:

I just did it on ed. and it said I was right.

36% of your study population are h recessive for fingernail growth rate. Using the Harvey Weinberg equilibrium equations (P+Q = 1 and P2+2PQ+Q2 = 1), calculate the frequency of h dominants and heterozygotes in your population.

Answers

Answer:

frequency of h dominant = 16%

Frequency of heterozygotes  = 48%

Explanation:

The computation of frequency of h dominants and heterozygotes in your population is shown below:

Since it is mentioned that

q^2 = 36%

So q = 0.6

And

p + q = 1

So, the p is 0.4

Now the frequency of h dominant is

= p^2

= (0.4)^2

= 16%

And, the heterozygotes in the population is

= 2 × p × q

= 2 × 0.4 × 0.6

= 48%

The genomic DNA of an organism has a base composition of 40% C-G base pairs and 60% A-T base pairs. Assuming a random sequence of bases, what is the expected frequency of the Tsp E1 restriction sites 5'-CCGG-3'?

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is (0.2)^4.

Explanation:

Based on the given information, the given genomic DNA is A-T rich, and the base pair composition is C-G = 40 % and A-T = 60%. Therefore, as per Chargaff's rule, Each C and G will possess 20%, and each A and T will possess 30%.  

Therefore, the probability of each base will be,  

C = 20/100 = 0.2

G = 20/100 = 0.2

A = 30/100 = 0.3

T = 30/100 = 0.3

Now the expected frequency of the Tsp E1 restriction sites 5'-CCGG-3' will be 0.2 * 0.2 * 0.2 * 0.2 = (0.2)^4.  

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