Classify the following alcohols as primary secondary and tertiary alcohols​

Answer:

1. Hydrogen ions; acidic

2. Alkali; hydroxide ions; alkaline

3a. Sulfuric acid --> 2 Hydrogen ions + sulfate ion

H₂SO₄ --> 2H+ + SO₄²-

3b. Sodium hydroxide --> Sodium ion + Hydroxide ion

NaOH --> Na+ + OH-

Explanation:

1. Sulfuric acid releases hydrogen ions in solution. This makes the solution acidic.

Acids produce hydrogen ions when dissolved in aqueous solutions.

2. Sodium hydroxide is an alkali. It releases hydroxide ions in solution. This makes the solution alkaline.

Alkalis are soluble bases that produce hydroxide ions in solution.

3a. Sulfuric acid --> 2 Hydrogen ions + sulfate ions

H₂SO₄ --> 2H+ + SO₄²-

The equation above is for the ionization of sulfuric acid

b. Sodium hydroxide --> Sodium ion + Hydroxide ion

NaOH --> Na+ + OH-

The equation above is for the ionization of sodium hydroxide

Answer: All the processes involve the release of heat.

Explanation: Note to self

Condensation, freezing and deposition release energy.

Evaporation, melting and sublimation absorb energy.

So if you have such a question first identify which process is taking place.

The following substances does not exist in the indicated solid type : c.) SiO₂- molecular.

SiO2 is a covalent solid and the solid state of silicon dioxide (SiO2) is a covalent crystal with sharing of valence electrons between the silicon atom and oxygen atoms.

Silicon dioxide is a silicon oxide made of linear triatomic molecules in which silicon atom is covalently bonded to two oxygens. Silicon dioxide which is often called silica is the main compound found in sand.

Silicon dioxide is not soluble in water as the interaction between SiO2 and water molecules is not sufficient to overcome the strong and extensive covalent bonds in giant molecule.

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There would be 13.9 moles of the water.

We know that we could be able to use the Avogadro's number so as to determine the number of the molecules. this would stem from the postulation that one  mole of the substances would in it about 6.02 * 10^23 molecules of the water.

We would now be able to say based on the information that have been passed above in the question;

1 mole of water would contain 6.02 * 10^23 molecules of the water

x moles of water would contain 8.37 x 10^24 molecules

x = 8.37 x 10^24 molecules * 1/6.02 * 10^23

x = 13.9 moles

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Answer:

the red one

Explanation:

you can see in the picture

The average molecular velocity of the molecules will decrease as the reaction goes to completion at a constant temperature.

What is Molecular velocity?

Molecular velocity is the average speed of molecules in a sample of matter. It is determined by the temperature of the sample, with higher temperatures resulting in higher molecular velocities.

This is because the reaction produces a single product, meaning that the number of molecules in the reaction vessel is decreasing as the reaction goes to completion. As the number of molecules decreases, the average molecular velocity of the molecules decreases as well.

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The energy that is released for the breaking of bonds is 229 kJ/mol.

We should be able to recall that the enthalpy of the reaction taken to be the energy that is evolved or absorbed in the reaction that is ongoing. We have to note that in the course of the reaction there would be the breaking and the making of bonds.

Now we know that;

The bond energy can be given as;

Sum energy of the broken bonds of reactants  - Sum of the energy of the formed bonds

Hence;

(945 + 498) - 2(607)

1443 - 1214

= 229 kJ/mol

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Answer:

D

Explanation:

1 mole of N2 reacts with 3 moles of H2

28 g of N2 reacts with 6g of H2

x will react with 5.8g of H2

x= (28*5.8)/6

= 27.0g

Answer:

electron are on the outside of the nucleus and form rings

Explanation:

Answer:

not balanced, oxygen, not equal

Explanation:

Alright, so let's go ahead and balance this equation!

The easiest way to do this is to take out a piece of paper and write down your elements on each side. Let's do it together:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[tex]2NaOH + H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex]  →  [tex]Na_{2}SO_{4} + H_{2}O[/tex]

Let's count the number of molecules for each element on both sides. Starting with the left side:

↓

[tex]2(NaOH) + H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex]

The coefficient of 2 in front of NaOH will be distributed to Na, O, and H. The subscripts for H and O only apply to themselves, so S will have only one molecule. Then our molecule counts for the reactant side (the left side) will be:

↓

Na:  2

 O:  2+4 = 6

 H:  2+2 = 4

 S:   1

↓

Now, let's move on to the right side:

[tex]Na_{2}SO_{4} + H_{2}O[/tex]

This side only has subscripts, no coefficients, so that means that any elements that don't have subscripts (S and the second O ) will have a count of one. Knowing this, our molecule count for the product side (right side) is:

↓

Na:  2

 O:  4+1 = 5

 H:  2

 S:   1

↓

Let's compare our counts now:

Left side:        Right side:

Na:  2             Na:  2

 O:  6               O:  5

 H:  4               H:  2

 S:   1                S:  1

We can see that our O and H molecule counts are different. So that means it's an unbalanced equation.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Therefore, your answer will be:

The equation is not balanced because the number of hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms is not equal in the reactants and in the products.

Both tests, one using heated copper sulfate pentahydrate with iron filings and sulfur, and the other using copper sulfate pentahydrate, produced gas production and color changes.

Iron sulfide, which is black in color, is created when iron (gray) and sulfur (yellow) mix chemically.

Fe(s) + S(s) -> FeS(s)

The water molecules in the crystal of copper sulfate-pentahydrate (blue) evaporate when heated, transforming it into anhydrous copper sulfate, which is white in color.

CuSO4.5H2O -> CuSO4 + 5H2O

As a result, both reactions have changed in color and chemical organization. It is considered a chemical change to heat crystals of hydrated copper sulphate. An aqueous solution of copper sulphate loses copper ions to iron. It is an isolated displacement reaction between two metals. In the activity series, iron comes after copper.

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Answer: Both resulted in color change, One involved chemical change while the other involved physical change.

Explanation:

B and E on edge.

Answer: distance to epicenter: 7600 km, s-wave travel time: 20 minutes

Drying and fermenting are two of the earliest techniques for food preservation. Replacement, recrystallization, permineralization, and unaltered

The term "preservation" refers to all of the procedures used to extend the useful life of archival records. The goal of preservation efforts is to stop information from being lost and to reduce physical and chemical deterioration of documents. You can manage the components in your food and consume healthy food all year round by canning, drying, and freezing.

The obvious goals of conservation are the protection of wildlife and the advancement of biodiversity. The animals we adore won't vanish into oblivion by being protected and preserved for future generations. And we can keep the ecosystem in good shape and working properly.

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The correct question is as follows

What are 6 types of preservations ?

The equilibrium concentration of B is 0.325 mol/L.

The correct option is B.

The equilibrium concentration of B in the given reaction is calculated below as follows:

The concentration of A at equilibrium, [A]  = 0.246 mol/L

Constructing an ICE table

          A(g)     +      2B (g)   →      C(g)

I         2 mole         3 moles           -

C      0.524            1.048            0.524

E        0.246         (3 - 1.048) / 6

From the equation of the reaction:

(2 - x) / 6L  =  0.246 mol/L

2 - x = 0.246 * 6

2 - x = 1.476

x = 2 - 1.476

x = 0.524 moles

[B] = (3 - 1.048) / 6

[B] = 0.325 mol/L

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Complete question:

For the reaction given below, 2.00 moles of A and 3.00 moles of B are placed in a 6.00-L container.

A(g) + 2B(g) C(g)

At equilibrium, the concentration of A is 0.246 mol/L. What is the concentration of B at equilibrium? A) 0.246 mol/L B) 0.325 mol/L C) 0.500 mol/L D) 0.492 mol/L E) none of these

AThe half-life of an isotope is the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to decay. If the half-life of a sample of uranium-234 is 2.5 * 10^5 years, it means that after 2.5 * 10^5 years, half of the atoms in the sample will have decayed.

If you want to know how long it will take for only one sixth of the original mass to be left, you can use the following formula:

t = (half-life) * log(2) / log(1/6)

Plugging in the values, we get:

t = (2.5 * 10^5 years) * log(2) / log(1/6)

This simplifies to:

t = 3.7 * 10^5 years

So it will take approximately 3.7 * 10^5 years for only one sixth of the original mass to be left.nswer:

The conservation of natural resources be most effective in reducing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere,  is the planting more trees.

The planting the more new tress is the one of the most effective ways to reduce the atmospheric carbon dioxide. this will also limits the global warming. the plants remove the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through the photosynthesis. plants helps to stop the climate change as they will remove the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. and  store the carbon in tress and the soil.

Thus , the way to reduce the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is the planting more and more trees.

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Answer:

1. Vinegar.

2. a solution is a special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.

* Hypertonic

* isotonic

* hypotonic

At a pressure of 12.4 atm and a temperature of 850 c, 8.2 liters of water can be created from 55 grams of oxygen gas and an excess of hydrogen.

first, we need the no.of moles of O2 = mass/molar mass of O2

                                                            = 55 g / 32 g/mol

                                                            = 1.72 mol

from the balanced equation of the reaction:

2H2 (g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)

we can see that the molar ratio between O2: H2O = 1: 2

So we can get the no.of moles of H2O = 2 * moles of O2

                                                                 = 2 * 1.72 mol

                                                                 = 3.44 mol

So by substitution by this value in the ideal gas formula:

PV = nRT

when P = 12.4 atm  & n H2O = 3.44 mol & R= 0.0821 & T = 85 + 273=358K

12.4 atm *V = 3.44 * 0.0821 * 358 = 8.15 L

∴ V ≈ 8.2 L

In the physical sciences, pressure is defined as the perpendicular force per unit area or stress at a point within a confined fluid. The pressure exerted on a floor by a 42-pound box with a bottom area of 84 square inches is equal to the force divided by the area over which it is exerted, or one-half pound per square inch.

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Given :

Mass of gold ( Au ) is 212 gram.

To Find :

Atoms of gold present in 212 gram of gold.

Solution :

Molecular mass of gold is 197 gram.

So, number of moles of gold in 212 gram is :

[tex]n = \dfrac{212}{197} \ moles\\\\n = 1.076 \ moles[/tex]

Now, we know 1 mole of any element contains [tex]6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms.

So, number of atoms present in 1.076 moles are :

[tex]N = 1.076 \times 6.022\times 10^{23}\\\\N = 6.48 \times 10^{23}[/tex]

Hence, this is the required solution.

The quantity of energy required to convert 0.562 kg ice at -20.0°C to steam at 250°C is equal to 1885.4 KJ.

The specific heat capacity can be described as the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature in one unit of material by one-degree celsius.

The addition or emission of heat from the system will the temperature of the substance will be changed:

Q = mCΔT

Given, the amount of ice, m = 0.562 Kg = 562 g

The change in the temperature = 100 -20 = 80°C

The specific heat capacity of the water, C = 4.18J/g°C

The specific heat capacity of the ice, C = 2.03 J/g°C

The phase transition from ice to steam:

H₁ = 562 × 2.03 × (0-(-20))

H₁ = 22,817 J = 22.8 KJ

The enthalpy of the fusion will be absorbed:

H₂ =  n × H(fus)

The number of moles of water = 562/18 = 31.22 mol

H₂ = 31.22 × 6.02 kJ/mol

H₂ = 187.95 KJ

Phase transition from water at 0°C to water at 100°C:

H₃ = 562 × 4.18 × 100

H₃ = 234 KJ

The phase transition from water at 100°C to steam at 100°C:

H₄ = n × H(vap)

H₄ = 31.22 × 40.7 kJ/mol

H₄  = 1270.65 KJ

The heat to make steam at a temperature of 250°C:

H₅ = m × S×ΔT

H₅ = 562 × 2.02 ×150 = 170 KJ

The total energy needed to convert  0.562 kg ice at -20.0°C to steam at 250.0°C:

H = H₁ + H₂+ H₃+ H₄ +H₅

H = 1885.4 KJ

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A solute is a species that dissolves within a liquid solvent to form a solution—a single, uniform mixture. The total volume of the solution can be expressed in liters.

The total amount of solute contained within can be expressed as a number of moles. The solute concentration in molarity is calculated by combining these two values. The molarity is expressed in "mol/L" according to the required calculation, though it is frequently written in "M" units.

The amount of a substance in a certain volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). Molarity is the ratio of a solute's moles to liters of solution. The molar concentration of a solution is another name for molarity.

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Explanation:

Causes of climate change are:

1.)Smoke from Vehicles and industrial activities

2.) Burning of polythenes.

3.) Because of green house effect

Effects are:

1.) Extinction of birds,plants and animals

2.) Melting of glaciers

3.) Rise in global temperature

The following geometry for the complex ion [Fe(en)Cl4] is : octahedral.

The arrangement of atoms in a molecule in three dimensions is known as molecular geometry, commonly referred to as the molecular structure. A compound's polarity, reactivity, phase of matter, color, magnetism, and biological activity can be determined by knowing its molecular structure.

Tetrahedral molecular geometry is present here (e.g. CH4). Trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry results from having three bond pairs and one lone pair of electrons (e.g. NH3). The geometry of the molecule is angular or curved if there are two bond pairs and two lone pairs of electrons (e.g. H2O).

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10.0g of CaBr2 contains 0.05 mol according to the equation mole(n) = mass / molar mass (10.0g CaBr2 x 1 mol CaBr2 / 199.88 g CaBr2 = 0.05 mol)

The mole, represented by the symbol mol, is the SI unit of material quantity. One mole is made up of precisely 6.022*1023 elementary components. The Avogadro number, NA, as expressed in mol1, is the fixed numerical expression of the Avogadro number.

The weight in grams of 1 mole of a certain substance is its molar mass. The atomic mass of the chemical unit, expressed in atomic mass units, determines the mass of a substance (amu).

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Answer:

the answer is B. the energy required to go from a solid to liquid

B. The latent heat of fusion is the energy required to go from a solid to a liquid. It is the amount of heat energy that must be added to a substance at its melting point to convert it from a solid to a liquid, without changing its temperature.

Latent heat is the amount of heat energy required to change the phase of a substance without changing its temperature.

Option A describes the energy required to break molecular bonds, which is called the bond dissociation energy.

Option C describes the energy required to go from a solid to a gas, which is called the latent heat of sublimation.

Option D describes the energy required to go from a liquid to a gas, which is called the latent heat of vaporization.

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By treating 54.0 grams of aluminum with a solution of zinc chloride, ZnCl, 328.6g/mol of zinc metal will be created.

The molar mass of a substance is its mass expressed in grams per mole. As shown in this video, the molar mass of a substance can be calculated by adding the molar masses of the substance's component atoms. The number of moles in the substance can then be calculated from its molar mass and converted to mass.

Balance chemical reaction,

2Al + 3ZnCl₂ → 2AlCl₃ +3Zn

Molar mass of aluminum is 27.99g/mol

Molar mass of zinc chloride is 136.29g/mol

The mole ratio of ZnCl₂ to Al is 3:2

Grams →  moles  → moles → grams

45Al × 1mol Al/27.99g Al × 3 mol ZnCl₂/2 mol Al × 136.29 g ZnCl₂/1 mol ZnCl₂

on simplification,

45×3×136.29/27.99×2 = 328.6g/mol.

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Answer:

"457.2 mm.Hg" is the right solution.

Explanation:

Given:

Pressure,

[tex]P_1=600 \ mm.Hg[/tex]

[tex]P_2 = ?\\[/tex]

Volume,

[tex]V_1=70.0 \ L[/tex]

[tex]V_2=90.0 \ L[/tex]

Temperature,

[tex]T_1=20^{\circ}[/tex]

or,

   [tex]=293 \ K[/tex]

[tex]T_2=15.0^{\circ}[/tex]

or,

    [tex]=288 \ K[/tex]

As we know,

⇒  [tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} =\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]

By putting all the given values in the above expression, we get

⇒  [tex]\frac{0.789\times 70}{293} =\frac{P_2\times 90}{288}[/tex]

⇒  [tex]0.188=\frac{P_2\times 90}{288}[/tex]

By applying cross-multiplication, we get

⇒  [tex]P_2=\frac{0.188\times 288}{90}[/tex]

⇒       [tex]=\frac{54.144}{90}[/tex]

⇒       [tex]=0.6016 \ atm[/tex]

or,

⇒       [tex]=457.2 \ mm.Hg[/tex]