At what temperature (in Kelvin) would 4.0 moles of hydrogen gas in a 100 liter container exert a pressure of 10.00 atmospheres?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: 3045.07 K

Explanation:

T=PV/nR  = 10.00 X 100 / (4.0 X 0.821) =


Related Questions

What percent of Zn3 (PO4)2 is zine?

Answers

Answer:

The percentage of zinc in the compound; Zn3(PO4)2 is 50.65%.

How do the properties analysed in this activity show periodicity of the chemical elements? For instance, as the ionics radius increases

Answers

The properties analyzed in this activity, such as ionic radius, atomic radius, and electronegativity, show periodicity of the chemical elements

It is because they are repeated in a systematic and predictable fashion as you move across a period in the periodic table. Specifically, as you move across a period, the ionic radius increases from left to right. This occurs because the nucleus of elements to the left of the period is larger and has more protons, while the valence electrons increase from left to right, meaning the elements to the right of the period have more electrons that are farther away from the nucleus.

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In the reaction 2A₂ +2Bo -> 2A₂0 +B2, doubling
the concentration of A2, doubles the rate of reaction but
the reaction rate is
quadripled when the concentration of
Bo is doubled, determine the rate law and order of reaction​

Answers

The order of a reaction is the sum of the powers of the concentration terms of the reactants in the experimentally determined rate equation for the reaction.

What is rate law?

The rate law expresses the experimentally observed rate of a reaction in terms of the molar concentrations of the reactants which determine the rate of a reaction.

The rate law of the given reaction is:

rate = k [A₂]²[B₀]²

If [B₀] = 2B₀

Then the rate law is:

rate = k [A₂]²[2B₀]²

= k [A₂]²4[B₀]²

= 4k

The order of the reaction is 4.

Thus the rate law and order of the reaction is determined.

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What is the mass of 4 moles of iron?
13.961 g/mol
55.845 g/mol
223.38 g/mol
446.76 g/mol

Answers

223.2g is the mass of 4 moles of iron. Therefore, the correct option is option C.

What is mass?

A body's mass is an inherent attribute. Until the discoveries of the atom as well as particle physics, it was thought to be tied to the amount of matter in some kind of a physical body.

It was discovered that although having the same quantity of stuff, various atoms and fundamental particles had varying masses.

moles = mass / molar mass

4 = mass / 55.8

mass =55.8 × 4 =223.2g/mol

Therefore, 223.2g is the mass of 4 moles of iron. The correct option is option C.

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HELP PLEASE!!!

How many liters of butane (C4 H10) will be needed to produce 1.55L H2O at (STP- Standard temperature and pressure) ?

Answers

Explanation:

Refer to pic..........

Someone does this one thanks

Answers

The balanced equation is;

Ba(OH)2 + CO2 → BaCO3 + H2O

How do we balance reaction equation by atom count?

Here are the general steps to balance a chemical equation by atom count:

Write the unbalanced equation for the reaction, showing the formulas of the reactants and products.

Count the number of atoms of each element present on the reactant side and the product side of the equation.

Identify the element with the largest atom count that is unbalanced.

Balance this element by adjusting the coefficient of one of the reactants or products.

Recount the atoms of this element on both sides of the equation and adjust the coefficient of another reactant or product as necessary.

Repeat steps 4 and 5 for each element that is unbalanced until the equation is balanced.

Check your balanced equation to make sure that the same number of atoms of each element is present on both the reactant and product sides of the equation.

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What is the condensed formulas and IUPAC name for the following compound:
-ethyl alcohol (in beverages)

Answers

Ethanol (also known as ethanol) has the chemical formula [tex]C_{2} H_{5} OH[/tex] and the chemical formula[tex]CH_{3} CH_{2} OH[/tex].

How does a chemical formula work?

In a chemical formula, each item's smallest quantity, such as a monomer or formula unit, is listed together with the total atoms in that unit. By referring to the names of the constituent parts and a few straightforward rules, we may name simple mixtures given a chemical formula.

The chemical formula: why is that?

The chemical nomenclature of a compound is represented by its chemical formula. It displays the component elements and how many atoms from each element are found in a single complex molecule.

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List one use for each of the following minerals.
Chalcopyrite
Pyrolusite
Kyanite
Talc

Answers

Chalcopyrite's sole significant application is as a copper ore, yet the significance of this one use cannot be overstated. as a minor copper resource and as examples of minerals.

What distinguishing features does chalcopyrite possess?

It is brassy to golden yellow in color and rates 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale for hardness. The streak clearly shows a greenish hue to it. Brass yellow with a potential for iridescent purplish tarnish. mainly the disphenoid, resembles a tetrahedron, is frequently large, and occasionally has a botryoidal shape.

Where is chalcopyrite most frequently discovered?

Chalcopyrite is a copper and iron sulfide mineral that is the most prevalent copper mineral and a significant copper resource. In ore veins deposited at medium to high temperatures, such as those in Rio Tinto, it often occurs.

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A water tank of dimension 2m×5m×8m filled to the brim will have maximum pressure of ------ (Relative density of the material of the tank is 1.8 and r.d of water
i will give brainlest​

Answers

Answer:

219600 Pa (or 2.196 bar, or 31.9 psi).

Explanation:

weight of water:

volume of water = 2m x 5m x 8m = 80 cubic meters

weight of water = volume of water x density of water x gravitational acceleration

density of water is 1000 kg/m^3 and the gravitational acceleration is 9.81 m/s^2.

weight of water = 80 x 1000 x 9.81 = 784800 N

weight of the tank

volume of tank = 2m x 5m x 8m = 80 cubic meters

weight of tank = volume of tank x density of tank x gravitational acceleration

relative density of the tank material is 1.8, which means its density is 1.8 times that of water, or 1800 kg/m^3.

weight of tank = 80 x 1800 x 9.81 = 1411200 N

The total weight acting on the bottom of the tank is the sum of the weight of the water and the weight of the tank:

Total weight = weight of water + weight of tank = 2196000 N

The max pressure at the bottom of the tank is the total weight divided by the area of the bottom of the tank:

max pressure = total weight / area of bottom of tank

the area of the bottom of the tank is 2m x 5m = 10 square meters.

Max pressure = 2196000 N / 10 m^2 = 219600 Pa

Therefore, your answer is 219600 Pa (or 2.196 bar, or 31.9 psi)

Hope this helped. Let me know if you need any further explanation.

find the pressure of 8.88 mol of helium gas at 20.0 C and 180L volume

Answers

According to ideal gas equation PV/nRT
To find the pressure P=nRT/V
As we know that 1 dm^3=1litre so there’s no need of changing 180 l
To convert temperature K=C+273
So
K=20+273=293K
So putting these values in equation
P=8.88x8.314x293/180
P=120.17Nm^-2

According to the ideal gas equation, the  pressure of 8.88 mole of helium gas at 20.0° C and 180 L volume is 111.97 atmospheres.

What is pressure?

Pressure is defined as the force applied on an object perpendicular to it's surface per unit area over which it is distributed.Gauge pressure is a pressure which is related with the ambient pressure.

There are various units by which pressure is expressed most of which are derived units which are obtained from unit of force divided by unit of area . The SI unit of pressure is pascal .

It is a scalar quantity which is related to the vector area element with a normal force acting on it.It is distributed over solid boundaries and across arbitary sections of fluid normal to the boundaries at every point.

According to the ideal gas equation , PV=nRT substitution gives P= 8.88×8.314×273/180=111.97 atmospheres.

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label any polar bonds on the indigo dye bond and identify the 2 central atoms with different geometry and identify it

Answers

The N - H and the C- O  and the C- N bonds in indigo dye are polar on nature.

What are the polar bonds in indigo dye?

Indigo is a blue dye that is derived from the leaves of certain plants. The chemical structure of indigo consists of two benzene rings connected by a nitrogen atom. The molecule has several polar bonds due to the electronegativity differences between the atoms.

The polar bonds in indigo include:

The nitrogen-carbon bonds: The nitrogen atom in the middle of the molecule is connected to two carbon atoms, one in each benzene ring. Nitrogen is more electronegative than carbon, so the nitrogen-carbon bonds are polar.

The carbon-oxygen bonds: Indigo has two oxygen atoms that are double bonded to carbon atoms in the benzene rings. Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, so the carbon-oxygen bonds are also polar.

The carbon-nitrogen bond: The nitrogen atom in the middle of the molecule is also connected to a carbon atom in one of the benzene rings. This bond is polar due to the electronegativity difference between carbon and nitrogen.

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Which type of bond is sodium bromide

Answers

Answer: Ionic bonding

Explanation:

metal + non metal = ionic bond

Sodium = metal

Bromine = nonmetal

Hi! I'm here to help you.

Sodium bromide is an ionic bond. This means that sodium and bromine atoms are attracted to each other to form a compound. This is because sodium has an atomic number of 11 and a positive charge number, while bromine has an atomic number of 35 and a negative charge number. These opposite charges attract each other to form the ionic bond.

I hope my help was useful to you! If so, could you give me a small reward in recognition of my efforts? Thank you for your consideration!

I NEED THIS QUICK!!!
how many liters of CO2 are produced when 48.92g CaCO3 decomposes?

Answers

48.92 g of CaCO3 decomposes to produce 10.94 L of CO2 at STP.

What is calcium carbonate?

Carbonic salt of calcium is called Calcium Carbonate.

CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)

Molar mass of CaCO3 is 100.09 g/mol, so we calculate the number of moles of CaCO3 present as:

48.92 g CaCO3 ÷ 100.09 g/mol = 0.488 mol CaCO3

0.488 mol CO2 are produced

As volume of 1 mole of ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is 22.4 L, hence we calculate volume of CO2 produced at STP as:

0.488 mol × 22.4 L/mol = 10.94 L

Therefore, 48.92 g of CaCO3 decomposes to produce 10.94 L of CO2 at STP.

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M
on 8.
Rocks are made of minerals, and they are formed in different ways.
crystallization.
Igneous Rock'
weathering,
erosion & deposition
Printable Worksheet - The Rock Cycle - Study Island
sediment
magma
melting
heat & pressure
weathering,
erosion & deposition
compaction & cementation
melting
Metamorphic Rock
1
heat & pressure
Sedimentary Rock
According to the diagram above, how are sedimentary rocks formed?
OA. Wastes deposited by plants and animals decompose and weather.
OB. Sand and other particles are buried, compacted, and cemented together.
OC. Molten rock cools and turns solid.
OD. Other rocks experience intense heat and pressure.

Answers

Sand and other particles are buried, compacted, and cemented together.

How does sedimentary rock form?

Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation and cementation of sediment. The process of sedimentation begins when weathering and erosion break down pre-existing rocks, soils, or organic materials into small pieces, such as sand, silt, or clay. These pieces are then transported by water, wind, or ice and deposited in a new location, such as a river bed, a lake, a delta, or an ocean floor.

Over time, the layers of sediment build up and become buried under more sediment. As the weight of the overlying sediment increases, the pressure on the lower layers also increases. This pressure, combined with the presence of groundwater, causes the minerals in the sediment to dissolve and re-crystallize, forming a cementing agent that binds the sediment particles together. This process is called cementation.

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According to the ideal gas law, what will be the volume of 0.25 mol of nitrogen at 0.82 atm pressure and 57 C temperature

Answers

Answer:

8.214 liters.

Step by step explanation:

The ideal gas law is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. To use this formula, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15.

n = 0.25 mol
P = 0.82 atm
T = (57 + 273.15) K = 330.15 K
R = 0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)

Plugging these values into the ideal gas law, we get:

V = nRT/P
V = (0.25 mol) x (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)) x (330.15 K) / (0.82 atm)
V = 8.214 L

Therefore, the volume of 0.25 mol of nitrogen at 0.82 atm pressure and 57 C temperature is approximately 8.214 liters.

Answer the basic 5W questions about the American Heart Association study of kids' "screen-time" in Montreal, Canada

Answers

Answer: Who conducted the study?

The study was conducted by the American Heart Association.

What was the topic of the study?

The topic of the study was kids' "screen-time" and its impact on their health.

Where was the study conducted?

The study was conducted in Montreal, Canada.

When was the study conducted?

The specific timeframe of the study is not provided in the question, so it is unclear when the study was conducted.

Why was the study conducted?

The study was conducted to examine the relationship between kids' "screen-time" and their health, specifically looking at the effects on blood vessel health and arterial stiffness. The study aimed to provide more information about the potential negative impacts of excessive screen time on children's health, and to raise awareness about the importance of limiting screen time in order to promote healthier lifestyles for children.

Explanation:

Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: co2 h2o ⇔ h2co3. What would be the effect of adding additional h2o?

Answers

The adding of additional H2O will result in moving of the equilibrium dynamics to the left, the amounts of CO2 and H2O would increase.

We have equation,

CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO₃

After adding additional we get,

4CO₂ + 4H₂O → 4H₂CO₃

As equilibrium moves to the left, new reactants are formed by adding extra products to the chemical process. And the equilibrium can be changed by removing a reactant from the system. The chemical equilibrium of the processes is explained by the Le Chatelier's principle. This concept describes how changes in a system's volume, pressure, concentration, and temperature may lead to a new equilibrium state of a process.

The system's equilibrium position lowers the influence of any forced changes in the response state. That example, increasing the temperature will aid in the case of an endothermic process. The presence of a catalyst has no effect on the equilibrium reaction position.

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Phenol, C6H5OH, is a weak organic acid. Suppose 0. 505 g of the compound is dissolved in enough water to make 125 mL of solution. The resulting solution is titrated with 0. 123 M NaOH. C6H5OH(aq) + OH-(aq) -> C6H5O-(aq) + H2O(epsilon) What are the concentrations of all of the following ions at the equivalence point: Na+, H3O+, OH-, and C6H5O-? Ka = 1. 3 times 10^-10

Answers

At the equivalence point, 0.505 g of phenol reacted with 0.123 M NaOH to form 0.0318 M phenolate ion and 0.0319 M sodium ion, with 0 M hydroxide ion and 0.0318 M H3O+.

The balanced equation for the titration reaction is:

C6H5OH(aq) + OH-(aq) → C6H5O-(aq) + H2O(ℓ)

From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of phenol reacts with 1 mole of hydroxide ion (OH-). To determine the moles of hydroxide ion required to reach the equivalence point, we can use the following equation:

moles of OH- = M × V

where M is the concentration of NaOH, and V is the volume of NaOH required to reach the equivalence point.

To find the volume of NaOH required to reach the equivalence point, we need to calculate the moles of phenol present in the solution. We can use the following equation to do this:

moles of C6H5OH = mass ÷ molar mass

where the molar mass of phenol is 94.11 g/mol.

moles of C6H5OH = 0.505 g ÷ 94.11 g/mol = 0.005368 mol

Since 1 mole of phenol reacts with 1 mole of hydroxide ion, the moles of hydroxide ion required to reach the equivalence point is also 0.005368 mol. Using the equation above, we can calculate the volume of NaOH required:

moles of OH- = M × V

0.005368 mol = 0.123 M × V

V = 0.0437 L = 43.7 mL

Therefore, the volume of NaOH required to reach the equivalence point is 43.7 mL.

At the equivalence point, all of the phenol has reacted with the hydroxide ion, and we have a solution containing only the phenolate ion (C6H5O-) and water. The moles of C6H5O- formed at the equivalence point is equal to the moles of hydroxide ion added:

moles of C6H5O- = moles of OH- added = 0.005368 mol

The volume of the solution at the equivalence point is 125 mL + 43.7 mL = 168.7 mL.

Now, we can use the initial volume and concentration of the phenol solution to calculate the concentration of the phenolate ion and other ions at the equivalence point. The initial concentration of the phenol solution is:

C6H5OH = 0.505 g ÷ (94.11 g/mol × 0.125 L) = 0.424 M

Since the moles of phenol and phenolate ion are equal at the equivalence point, the concentration of the phenolate ion is also 0.005368 mol ÷ 0.1687 L = 0.0318 M.

At the equivalence point, all of the hydroxide ions have reacted with the phenol to form the phenolate ion and water. Therefore, the concentration of hydroxide ion at the equivalence point is 0 M.

The balanced equation also tells us that for every phenolate ion formed, a hydronium ion (H3O+) is also formed. Therefore, the concentration of H3O+ at the equivalence point is equal to the concentration of the phenolate ion:

[H3O+] = 0.0318 M

Finally, to calculate the concentration of sodium ion (Na+) at the equivalence point, we need to consider the balanced equation. For every mole of phenol that reacts, a mole of sodium hydroxide is consumed, forming a mole of sodium phenolate. Therefore, the moles of sodium ion in the solution at the equivalence point is equal to the moles of sodium hydroxide added to reach the equivalence point:

moles of Na+ = moles of NaOH added = 0.123 M × 0.0437 L = 0.00537 mol

The volume of the solution at the equivalence point is 0.1687 L. Therefore, the concentration of sodium ion at the equivalence point is:

[Na+] = 0.00537 mol ÷ 0.1687 L = 0.0319 M

In summary, at the equivalence point of the titration of 0.505 g of phenol with 0.123 M sodium hydroxide solution, the volume of NaOH required is 43.7 mL, and the concentration of the phenolate ion is 0.0318 M, the concentration of hydroxide ion is 0 M, the concentration of H3O+ is 0.0318 M, and the concentration of sodium ion is 0.0319 M.

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Suppose Gabriella discovers that a hog farm is polluting a nearby river with chemicals called nitrates. She takes samples of water at various distances from the hog farm and measures the amount of nitrates in each sample. Which of the following graphs has the axes correctly labeled to show her results?

Answers

The correct graph to show her results would have the horizontal axis labeled as "Distance from Hog Farm" and the vertical axis labeled as "Amount of Nitrates."

What is Distance?

Distance is the measure of how far apart two objects or points are. It is usually measured in units such as miles, kilometers, or meters. Distance is an important concept in mathematics, physics, and other sciences, as it can be used to calculate the time it takes for an object to travel from one point to another. Distance can also be used to measure the size of an object, or the length of a line. Distance can also be used to measure the amount of energy it takes to move an object from one point to another. In short, distance is a measure of the space between two objects or points.

This graph would show how the amount of nitrates increases with increasing distance from the hog farm.

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How many liters of butane (C4H10) will be needed to produce 1.55L h2O at STP(Standard temperature and pressure)?

Answers

Explanation:

Refer to pic.............

in a covalent molecular bond atoms blank valence electrons to follow the octet rule in a dot diagram covalent bonds are represented with blank instead of dots

Answers

According to the Octet Rule, for a molecule to be stable, all of the atoms must have 8 valence electrons, either by sharing, losing, or acquiring electrons. Atoms typically exchange electrons within covalent bonds in order to adhere to the Octet Rule.

Define covalent bond

The exchange of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms forms a covalent bond. The two atomic centers are drawing these electrons in unison. When there is insufficient space between two atoms' electronegativities for an electron transfer to take place and create ions, a covalent bond is formed.

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Based on the table above, which amount of a compound dissolved in 100 grams of water at the stated temperature represents a system at equilibrium?

Select one:

a.
20 g KClO3 at 70 degrees Celsius


b.
75 g NaNO3 at 10 degrees Celsius


c.
40 g NaCl at 70 degrees Celsius


d.
75 g Pb(NO3)2 at 40 degrees Celsius

Answers

C.
40g NaCl at 70 degrees Celsius

What kind of insulators and conductors are used in Antarctica?

Answers

Wool and polystyrene, which trap air, are effective insulators. Aluminum and other metals are excellent heat conductors. A thermos keeps things cold for longer by limiting the flow of heat.

What is an example of an insulator?

It is common to employ insulators like glass, plastic, rubber, air, and wood. Insulators protect us from the potentially dangerous consequences of electricity flowing via conductors. Voltage levels in electrical circuits can occasionally be extremely high.

The top four insulators are:

Ceramics, wood, rubber, plastic, and rubber are effective insulators. They are frequently employed in the construction of cooking tools, like as saucepan handles, to prevent heat from rising and burning the cook's hand.

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Calculate the radius of a tantalum atom if its crystal structure is a BCC with a density of 16. 6 g/cm3 and its atomic mass is 180. 9 amu. The unit cell volume of a BCC crystal structure is as follows: VC=64∧3/3√3

Answers

The radius of a tantalum atom if its crystal structure is a BCC with a density of 16. 6 g/cm3 and its atomic mass is 180. 9 amu is 1.456 Å.

The radius of a tantalum atom can be calculated using the formula:

r = (3Vc/4πn)[tex]^\frac{1}{3}[/tex]

where Vc is the unit cell volume, n is the number of atoms in the unit cell, and r is the radius of the atom.

For a BCC structure, there are 2 atoms per unit cell, so n = 2. The unit cell volume for a BCC crystal structure is given as:

Vc = (64/3√3)a³

where a is the length of the edge of the cube.

To solve for the radius of the tantalum atom, we need to first calculate the length of the edge of the cube. We can use the density of tantalum to calculate its atomic mass density:

ρ = m/V

where ρ is the density, m is the mass of the unit cell, and V is the volume of the unit cell. For a BCC unit cell, the mass of the unit cell can be calculated as:

m = n × atomic mass

where n is the number of atoms per unit cell and atomic mass is the atomic mass of the element. Substituting the values given, we get:

ρ = m/V = n × atomic mass / Vc

Rearranging the equation and solving for a, we get:

a = (4ρVc/2n×atomic mass)^⁰⁵

Substituting the given values and solving for a, we get:

a = [(4 × 16.6 g/cm³ × (64/3√3)a³) / (2 × 2 × 180.9 g/mol)][tex]^\frac{1}{2}[/tex]

Simplifying the expression, we get:

a = 3.307 Å

Now, we can calculate the radius of the tantalum atom using the formula:

r = (3Vc/4πn)[tex]^\frac{1}{3}[/tex]

Substituting the values we have calculated, we get:

r = [(3 × (64/3√3)a³) / (4π × 2)][tex]^\frac{1}{3}[/tex] = 1.456 Å

Therefore, the radius of a tantalum atom in a BCC crystal structure with a density of 16.6 g/cm3 and an atomic mass of 180.9 amu is approximately 1.456 Å.

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michelle decides that the sample is from a sedimentary rock. Which sentence explains why michelle classifies the sample as a sedimentary rock

Answers

Answer:

Theres a quizzes answer key online, I had these same questions

Explanation:

The layers show that the rock was formed by one or more

minerals that compacted over time.

9 mol P4O10 reacts with 51 mol H2O according to the equation below:

P4O10 + 6H2O 4H3PO4
How many moles of H3PO4 form from 9 mol P4O10?

[?} mol H3PO4
Round your answer to the ones place.

Answers

From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that 1 mole of P4O10 reacts to form 4 moles of H3PO4. Therefore, we need to find the number of moles of P4O10 to calculate the number of moles of H3PO4.

9 moles of P4O10 reacts with 51 moles of H2O, which means that 9 moles of P4O10 reacts to form 9 moles of H3PO4.

So, the number of moles of H3PO4 formed from 9 moles of P4O10 is 9 mol.

Therefore, the answer is 9 mol.

Answer:

Explanation:

it's 36 my lil sis had the question not long ago so it's 36!! :)

If a gas effuses at a rate 0.52855 times as fast as CI2 what is the gas?

Answers

Answer:

The rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportional to the square-root of its molecular mass (Graham's Law). The gas with the lowest molecular weight will effuse the fastest. The lightest, and therefore fastest, gas is helium.

Explanation:

Analyze the given diagram of the carbon cycle below.

Part 1: Which compound does C represent?
Part 2: Name a process that could release this compound into the air.
Part 3: Explain how the elements that form it are conserved during the carbon cycle. Use complete sentences to explain your answer.

Justify how this compound was created from a recycling of carbon in the carbon cycle. Use complete sentences to explain your answer.

Answers

Part 1: C represents the compound carbon dioxide (CO2),  in the given diagram of the question .

Carbon Cycle

Part 2: One process that could release carbon dioxide into the air is combustion, which occurs when organic compounds (such as fossil fuels) react with oxygen in the air to produce carbon dioxide and water. Other processes that can release carbon dioxide include volcanic eruptions, natural decay of organic matter, and respiration by living organisms.

Elements that form it  

Part 3: The elements that form carbon dioxide, namely carbon and oxygen, are conserved during the carbon cycle. This is because carbon is constantly being exchanged between the atmosphere, oceans, and land through processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition. When plants undergo photosynthesis, they take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and use it to build their biomass, incorporating carbon into their structures. When animals eat plants or other animals, they consume this carbon and release carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere through respiration. When organisms die, their bodies decompose and release carbon back into the environment. In this way, carbon is constantly being recycled through the carbon cycle.

The formation of carbon dioxide from the recycling of carbon occurs during cellular respiration, which is the process by which living organisms break down organic compounds (such as glucose) to release energy. During cellular respiration, carbon-based molecules are oxidized, or combined with oxygen, to produce carbon dioxide as a waste product. This carbon dioxide can then be released back into the atmosphere or taken up by plants through photosynthesis.

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Use the term “viscosity” to explain how wetting agents are
used to help fight fires.

Answers

Wetting agents are added to water to lower its surface tension and increase its ability to penetrate porous materials like fabric, wood, and paper, which are difficult to wet with plain water.

Viscosity and fire-fighting wetting agents

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. Wetting agents are added to water to lower its surface tension and increase its ability to penetrate porous materials like fabric, wood, and paper, which are difficult to wet with plain water.

The lower surface tension caused by the wetting agent allows water to spread out more easily, creating a larger surface area to cool and extinguish flames.

The reduction in viscosity also helps the water to penetrate more deeply into the fuel, making it more effective in firefighting.

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Hydrogen gas produced by this reaction is typically collected via water displacement, during which time the hydrogen gas becomes saturated with water vapor.
A 206.1 mL sample of gas with a total pressure 129
kPa was collected via water displacement at 29.4 °C. Calculate the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the sample. The vapor pressure of water at 29.4 °C is 4.10 kPa.
Calculate the mass of aluminum that reacted to produce this quantity of hydrogen gas.

Answers

The mass of aluminum that reacted to produce this quantity of hydrogen gas is 0.181 g.

What is partial pressure?

Partial pressure is a term used in chemistry and physics to describe the pressure that a single gas component would exert if it occupied the same volume as a mixture of gases. In a mixture of gases, each gas exerts a pressure known as its partial pressure, which is proportional to the number of molecules of that gas in the mixture.

To calculate the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the sample, we can use the following equation:

Partial pressure of hydrogen gas = Total pressure - Vapor pressure of water

Partial pressure of hydrogen gas = 129 kPa - 4.10 kPa = 124.90 kPa

Therefore, the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the sample is 124.90 kPa.

To calculate the mass of aluminum that reacted to produce this quantity of hydrogen gas, we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and the ideal gas law. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of aluminium with hydrochloric acid is as follows:

2Al + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2

From the equation, we see that two moles of aluminum react to produce three moles of hydrogen gas. We can use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas in the sample:

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT

where P is the partial pressure of hydrogen gas, V is the volume of gas collected, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in kelvin.

First, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to kelvin:

T = 29.4 + 273.15 = 302.55 K

Next, we can calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas:

n = (124.90 kPa)(206.1 mL)/(8.31 L·kPa/mol·K)(302.55 K)

n = 0.0101 moles

Since two moles of aluminum react to produce three moles of hydrogen gas, the number of moles of aluminum that reacted is:

n(Al) = (2/3)n(H2) = (2/3)(0.0101 moles) = 0.00673 moles

Finally, we can use the molar mass of aluminum to calculate the mass of aluminum that reacted:

mass(Al) = n(Al) × molar mass(Al)

mass(Al) = 0.00673 moles × 26.98 g/mol = 0.181 g

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