Explanation:
To determine the number of hydrogen atoms in the container, we need to know the number of water molecules present in the container.
At standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is defined as a temperature of 273.15 K and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (atm), one mole of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters. Therefore, the number of moles of water vapor present in the container can be calculated as:
n = V/22.4
where V is the volume of the container in liters. Substituting the given value, we get:
n = 2.80/22.4 = 0.125
So, there are 0.125 moles of water vapor in the container.
Now, to determine the number of hydrogen atoms present in the container, we need to know the number of water molecules in the container, since each water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms. The number of water molecules can be calculated as:
N = n * N_A
where N_A is Avogadro's number, which is equal to 6.022 x 10^23 molecules per mole. Substituting the values, we get:
N = 0.125 * 6.022 x 10^23 = 7.528 x 10^22
So, there are 7.528 x 10^22 water molecules in the container, and since each water molecule contains 2 hydrogen atoms, the total number of hydrogen atoms in the container is:
2 * N = 2 * 7.528 x 10^22 = 1.506 x 10^23
Therefore, there are 1.506 x 10^23 hydrogen atoms present in the container.
You water three sunflower plants with salt water. each plant receives a different concentration of salt solutions. a fourth plant receives pure water. after a two week period, the height is measured. 1. what is the independent variable in this experiment? 2. what is the dependent variable in this experiment? 3. what is the control variable in this experiment?
1. The independent variable in this experiment is the concentration of salt solutions that the sunflower plants receive.
2. The dependent variable in this experiment is the height of the sunflower plants after the two-week period.
3. The control variable in this experiment is the plant that receives pure water, which serves as a control group for comparison to the plants that receive salt solutions.
Other control variables may include the type of sunflower plant, the amount of water each plant receives, the amount of sunlight, the temperature, etc. These control variables are kept constant to ensure that any observed differences in plant height can be attributed to the concentration of salt solutions and not to other factors.
The conclusion of the answer is that in an experiment where three sunflower plants are watered with salt water of varying concentrations and a fourth plant is watered with pure water, the independent variable is the concentration of salt solutions, the dependent variable is the height of the sunflower plants after two weeks, and the control variable is the plant that receives pure water.
Control variables are kept constant to ensure that any observed differences in plant height can be attributed to the concentration of salt solutions and not to other factors.
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the half-life of uranium-238 is 4.5 billion years. what is its decay rate? express the rate as a percentage per billion years rounded to four decimal places.
The decay rate is 0.0015 percent per billion years
The decay rate of a radioactive substance refers to the rate at which it undergoes radioactive decay, which is typically measured as the number of radioactive decays per unit time. The decay rate of uranium-238 can be calculated using its half-life, which is the time it takes for half of the original amount of uranium-238 to decay.
The formula for calculating the decay rate of a substance is:
decay rate = (ln 2) / half-life
Substituting the half-life of uranium-238 into the formula, we get:
decay rate = (ln 2) / 4.5 billion years
Using a calculator, we can evaluate the natural logarithm of 2 and divide it by the half-life to get:
decay rate = 0.0000154011 per year
To express this rate as a percentage per billion years, we can multiply the decay rate by 100 and divide it by one billion:
decay rate = (0.0000154011 per year) x (100 / 1 billion years)
decay rate = 0.00154011 percent per billion years
Rounding this value to four decimal places, we get:
decay rate = 0.0015 percent per billion years.
So, The decay rate is 0.0015 percent per billion years
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What is the electron configuration of Ga3+
what are the numbers of bonding groups and lone pairs in each case? check all that apply. what are the numbers of bonding groups and lone pairs in each case?check all that apply. five electron groups, with four bonding groups and a lone pair. two electron groups, with both groups being bonding groups. five electron groups, with two bonding groups and three lone pairs. five electron groups, with a bonding group and four lone pairs. two electron groups, with a bonding group and a lone pair.
The number of bonding groups and lone pairs in each case is according to the number of electron groups.
1. In the case of five electron groups, with four bonding groups and a lone pair, there are 4 bonding groups and 1 lone pair.
2. In the case of two-electron groups, with both groups being bonding groups, there are 2 bonding groups and 0 lone pairs.
3. In the case of five electron groups, with two bonding groups and three lone pairs, there are 2 bonding groups and 3 lone pairs.
4. In the case of five electron groups, with a bonding group and four lone pairs, there is 1 bonding group and 4 lone pairs.
5. In the case of two-electron groups, with a bonding group and a lone pair, there is 1 bonding group and 1 lone pair.
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Drag the tiles to the correct locations. Not all tiles will be used. Write the chemical formula of tetraphosphorus octasulfide. P S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
The chemical formula of tetra phosphorus octa sulfide is P4S8.
The formula indicates that there are 4 atoms of phosphorus and 8 atoms of sulfur in one molecule of tetra phosphorus octa sulfide.
Therefore, the correct placement of the tiles would be:
P S S S S S S S P P P P
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
The arrangement of the tiles depicts how the atoms of a molecule are ordered. Eight sulfur atoms circle the four phosphorus atoms in the center, creating a cyclic structure.
StepsTetraphosphorus octa sulfide's chemical formula is written using the chemical symbols for phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S), which are represented by the tiles in the given prompt.
Any compound's molecular formula reveals the kind and quantity of atoms that make up each molecule. Tetraphosphorus Octasulfide's molecular formula must be written down, thus we must first determine each element's valency.
With a valency of 5, phosphorus may combine with other elements to form five different chemical bonds. Contrarily, sulfur has a valency of 2, which implies it may interact chemically in two ways with other elements.
There are 4 phosphorus atoms and 8 sulfur atoms in tetra phosphorus octa sulfide. The subscripts in the molecular formula represent the number of atoms that belong to each element.
Tetraphosphorus octasulfide's exact formula is consequently P4S8, which demonstrates that each molecule of the substance contains 4 phosphorus atoms and 8 sulfur atoms.
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a) Collision Zone
b) Subduction Zone
c) Transform Boundary
d) Divergent Boundary
The development of a subduction zone is seen in this graphic. One form of tectonic plate boundary is called a subduction zone, where two plates collide and one plate is pushed into the mantle beneath the other.
Collision zone: What is it?A tectonic plate boundary where two continental plates meet is known as a collision zone. The plates buckle and push upward as a result of the impact, creating mountain ranges.
Transform boundary: what is it?An example of a transform boundary is when two plates glide past one another in opposing directions. Earthquakes may result from this.
Divergent boundary: what is it?A tectonic plate boundary known as a diverging boundary occurs when two plates move apart. As a result, the seabed may spread.
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Which solution will have the greatest boiling point? Remember ionic > covalent AND more ions > less ions
a) 0.5 M C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁
b) 1 M NaCl
c) 0.5 M NaCl
d) 1 M C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁
b) 1 M NaCl will have the highest boiling point because it has the highest number of solute particles present.
When comparing the boiling points of various solutions, the number of solute particles present in the solution is the most important consideration. Ionic substances tend to have higher boiling points than covalent substances since they contain strong electrostatic forces between the ions.
To determine which of the given solutions has the highest boiling point, we must first consider the number of solute particles present in each of the given solutions.
a) 0.5 M C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁ is a covalent substance that does not ionize in water. Thus, only one molecule of C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁ is present in the solution. As a result, it has the lowest boiling point
.b) 1 M NaClNaCl is an ionic compound, which breaks down into two ions in water: Na+ and Cl-. There are twice as many solute particles in the solution as there are in the 0.5 M C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁ solution. As a result, NaCl has a higher boiling point than 0.5 M C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁.
c) 0.5 M NaCl0.5 M NaCl contains the same number of solute particles as 1 M NaCl. As a result, both solutions have the same boiling point.
d) 1 M C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁ is a covalent substance that does not ionize in water. Thus, only one molecule of C₁₁H₂₂O₁₁ is present in the solution.
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How many molecules are in 82.8 grams of dinitrogen tetroxide, N2O4 ?
there are approximately 5.41 x 10^23 molecules in 82.8 grams of N2O4.
To determine the number of molecules in 82.8 grams of N2O4, we need to use the Avogadro's constant (6.02 x 10^23) and the molar mass of N2O4 (92.02 g/mol).
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of N2O4 present in 82.8 grams:
Number of moles = Mass ÷ Molar mass
Number of moles = 82.8 g ÷ 92.02 g/mol
Number of moles = 0.8995 mol
Next, we can use Avogadro's constant to convert the number of moles to the number of molecules:
Number of molecules = Number of moles x Avogadro's constant
Number of molecules = 0.8995 mol x 6.02 x 10^23 molecules/mol
Number of molecules = 5.41 x 10^23 molecules
Therefore, there are approximately 5.41 x 10^23 molecules in 82.8 grams of N2O4.
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A still object _____ have forces acting upon it.
A can’t
B does
C will sometimes
D doesn’t
Answer: does
Explanation: there is a force acting to make it in equillibrum
which of the following is true of a solution? group of answer choices the components of a solution can be separated by filtration. the components of a solution separate on standing. the separation of a solution into its components is a chemical change. the separation of a solution into its components is a physical change.
The separation of a solution into its components is a physical change.
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, where the substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture. The components of a solution can be separated through various physical methods, such as filtration, evaporation, distillation, chromatography, and so on.
These methods do not change the chemical identity of the individual components, but simply separate them based on their physical properties, such as size, polarity, boiling point, etc. Therefore, the separation of a solution into its components is a physical change, not a chemical change.
Thus, the separation of a solution into its components is a physical change, and can be reversed to obtain the original substances.
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how many atoms are in a 0.056 g piece of aluminum? group of answer choices 5.6x1024 7.2x1020 1.2x1021 8.1x1023 3.4x1022
There are approximately 3.4 x 10²² atoms in a 0.056 g piece of aluminium.
Atoms are the fundamental units of matter that are made up of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, as well as electrons that orbit the nucleus. Aluminium is a chemical element with the atomic symbol Al and atomic number 13, and it is a silvery-white metal that is extremely light and ductile. In one mole of aluminium, there are 6.022 x 10²³ atoms (Avogadro’s number).
We need to calculate the number of aluminium atoms in a 0.056 g piece of aluminium.
To calculate the number of atoms in a given amount of aluminium, we will use the formula:
n = N / NAv
where n is the number of moles of aluminium, N is the mass of aluminium, and NAv is Avogadro's number.
NAv = 6.022 x 10²³ mol⁻¹
So, we get:
n = N / NAv = (0.056 g) / (26.98 g mol⁻¹) x (6.022 x 10²³ mol⁻¹) ≈ 3.4 x 10²² atoms.
Therefore, the answer is 3.4 x 10²² atoms.
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In SEC, in what volume would you expect molecules that are much smaller than the fractionation range of the Sephadex SP to elute?A. ViB. VmC. VavD. VrE. Vo
In SEC, molecules that are much smaller than the fractionation range of the Sephadex SP will elute in the void volume, represented by the symbol (option E)Vo.
In SEC (Size Exclusion Chromatography), the separation of molecules is based on their size. Sephadex SP is a matrix with a specific fractionation range that separates molecules based on their size. Molecules that are much smaller than the fractionation range of the Sephadex SP will not interact with the matrix and will not be separated from the void volume (Vo). Therefore, they will elute in the void volume (Vo) which is the volume of the mobile phase that is not retained by the matrix. Hence, the correct option is E. Vo.
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Identify the type and then write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction described below aluminum oxide breaks down when D heated
According to this equation, two moles of aluminium oxide decompose into three moles of oxygen gas, four moles of aluminium, and two moles of aluminium. Because each element has the equal amount of atoms on both sides of the equation, the reaction is balanced.
What is the equation for the balance of Al h2o to Al2O3 h2?Aluminum oxide and hydrogen gas are created when aluminium metal, or Al, interacts with water. Three moles of water and two moles of aluminium metal, or Al, are combined in this reaction to create one mole of aluminium oxide and three moles of hydrogen gas.
Is the equation h2o2 H2O o2 balanced or unbalanced?This reaction is the result of hydrogen peroxide's spontaneous breakdown into water and oxygen. Because oxygen is a naturally diatomic element, the total number of atoms in each element on both sides of the equation equals one, making the equation balanced.
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what is the ph at the equivalence point in the titration of 10.0 ml of 0.47 m hz with 0.200 m naoh? ka = 4.4 × 10−6 for hz.
The pH at the equivalence point in the titration of 10.0 ml of 0.47 mHz with 0.200 m NaOH can be determined as follows:
In this titration, we are supposed to calculate the pH at the equivalence point of the strong base, NaOH (sodium hydroxide), with a weak acid, HZ (hydrogen bromide).
Here, we can follow the following steps:
Step 1: We are supposed to find the number of moles of Hz which is given as;10.0 ml of 0.47 mHz= 10/1000 × 0.47= 0.0047 moles
Step 2: Now we have to find out the number of moles of NaOH used at the equivalence point. This can be calculated by using the formula;
Moles of Acid= Moles of Base
NaOH is the base here, as it is a strong base, and HZ is a weak acid.
Therefore, 0.0047 moles of NaOH 0.200 (M) of NaOH = 0.0024 moles of NaOH
Step 3: After we have found out the number of moles of NaOH, we will calculate the number of moles of NaOH left after the reaction has occurred. At the equivalence point, moles of base (NaOH) equal moles of acid (Hz).
Therefore, we will subtract the number of moles of NaOH used from the initial number of moles of NaOH, which will give the number of moles of NaOH left. 0.0024 - 0.0047 = -0.0023 moles of NaOH left.
(The value is negative because the number of moles of the acid is greater than the number of moles of the base)
Step 4: After that, we will calculate the concentration of HZ using the formula.
Molarity of acid = moles of acid/volume of acid (in litres)
10.0 ml of Hz are used in the reaction. 0.0047 moles of HZ are used in the reaction
Molarity of acid = 0.0047 / 0.01 = 0.47 M
Step 5: Now we can calculate the pKa of HZ.
The formula for pKa is: pKa = -log KaKa = 4.4 106 for HZpKa = -log (4.4 106) pKa = 5.36
Step 6: We will calculate the pH at the equivalence point using the formula;
pH = pKa + log (base/acid)
At the equivalence point, Base = Acid
Therefore, pH = pKa = 5.36
Hence, the pH at the equivalence point in the titration of 10.0 ml of 0.47 mHz with 0.200 m NaOH is 5.36.
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numerically speaking is the rate of disappearance of reactants always the same number as the rate of the appearance of products?
Numerically speaking, the rate of disappearance of reactants is not always the same number as the rate of the appearance of products.
The reason behind it is that in a chemical reaction, both reactants and products are involved. Reactants transform into products over time, and this transformation is measured by the rate of reaction. The rate of reaction may be determined by the rate at which reactants disappear or products appear. However, the rate of disappearance of reactants may not be equal to the rate of appearance of products numerically because different numbers of moles of reactants and products may be involved in the chemical reaction. As a result, the stoichiometric coefficients of the reactants and products in the chemical equation play an important role in determining the rate of disappearance of reactants and the rate of appearance of products.
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Nitrogen gas at 298 K and
75.5 kPa increases in pressure
to 175 kPa.
What is the temperature of the
gas at 175 kPa?
[?] K
Gay-Lussac's Law-
[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\star\longrightarrow \underline{\sf \boxed{\sf \dfrac{P_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2}{T_2}}}[/tex]
[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\star\longrightarrow \sf \underline{T_2=\dfrac{T_1 \:P_2}{P_1}}[/tex]
Where-
P₁ is the initial pressure.T₁ is the initial temperatureP₂ is the final pressure.T₂ is the final temperatureAs per question, we are given -
P₁ = 75.5 KPaT₁ =298 KP₂= 175KPaNow that we are given all the required values, so we can put them into the formula and solve for T₂:-
[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\star\longrightarrow \sf \underline{T_2=\dfrac{T_1 \:P_2}{P_1}}[/tex]
[tex]\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\: \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf T_2=\dfrac{298 \times 175}{75.5}[/tex]
[tex]\:\:\:\:\: \:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf T_2=\dfrac{52150}{75.5}[/tex]
[tex]\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\: \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf T_2=690.728476......[/tex]
[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf T_2=690.73 \:K[/tex]
[tex]\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\: \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf T_2=(690.73-273)°C [/tex]
[tex] \:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf \underline{T_2=417.73\:°C} [/tex]
Therefore, the temperature of the gas at 175 kPa will become 690.73 K or, 417.73°C.
7/which is true regarding excretion when tubular urine is more alkaline? a. both weak acids and weak bases are excreted more rapidly. b. weak acids are excreted more rapidly, and weak bases are excreted more slowly. c. weak acids are excreted more slowly, and weak bases are excreted more rapidly. d. both weak acids and weak bases are excreted more slowly.
When tubular urine is more alkaline, weak acids are excreted more slowly and weak bases are excreted more rapidly. This is because the pH of the urine affects the ionization state of these compounds, which in turn affects their ability to be excreted.
In an alkaline environment, weak acids will be more ionized and less likely to be excreted. This is because ionized molecules are less likely to be reabsorbed by the tubular cells and more likely to be excreted into the urine. On the other hand, weak bases will be less ionized and more likely to be excreted. This is because non-ionized molecules are more likely to diffuse across the tubular membrane and be excreted.
Therefore, option (c) is true: weak acids are excreted more slowly, and weak bases are excreted more rapidly when tubular urine is more alkaline. It is important to note that this is the opposite of what happens in acidic urine, where weak acids are excreted more rapidly and weak bases are excreted more slowly.
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**NEED QUICKLY***
if there are 300,000 servicemen buried on 624 acres wut is the unit rate of average number of servicemen buried for acre
Answer:
To find the unit rate of the average number of servicemen buried per acre, you can divide the total number of servicemen (300,000) by the total number of acres (624).
Here's the calculation:
```
300,000 servicemen / 624 acres = 480.7692307692308
```
So, on average, there are approximately 480.77 servicemen buried per acre.
1. Explain what will happen to the percent yield of alum if: a. Not all the alum precipitates? The percent yield of alum will be: Explain the correct answer. b. The crystals are not fully dry when weighed? The percent yield of alum will be: Explain the correct answer. c. Too much sulfuric acid is added? The percent yield of alum will be: Explain the correct answer.
1.
If not all the alum precipitates, the percent yield of alum will be lower than expected. This is because the actual amount of alum obtained will be less than the theoretical amount, resulting in a lower percent yield.
b.
If the crystals are not fully dry when weighed, the percent yield of alum will be higher than expected.
This is because the extra mass from the water will make it seem like more alum was obtained, causing an artificially high percent yield.
c.
If too much sulfuric acid is added, the percent yield of alum may be lower than expected.
This is because excess sulfuric acid can cause side reactions or prevent complete precipitation of alum, leading to a lower actual amount of alum obtained.
An alum is a kind of chemical molecule that is typically a hydrated double sulfate salt of aluminium. Its common formula is XAl(SO4)212 H2O, where X is a monovalent cation such as potassium or ammonium.
Alums are used in a variety of industrial applications.
The word "alum" on its own is often used to refer to potassium alum, which has the chemical formula KAl(SO4)212 H2O. Some alums, including sodium alum and ammonium alum, are called after the monovalent ion.
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what is the major impurity in silicon used to make semiconductors?
The major impurity in silicon used to make semiconductors is Boron.
Boron is a chemical element that is used to create an electrical imbalance in the silicon, allowing for the flow of electricity. This imbalance is necessary for the semiconductors to function properly. Silicon has four valence electrons, whereas Boron has only three, which creates the necessary imbalance.
The more Boron that is added to the silicon, the higher the electron-hole concentration and the greater the conductivity of the semiconductor. The amount of Boron used will depend on the type of semiconductor and the application it is used for.
For example, a higher concentration of Boron will be needed for higher-speed circuits than for lower-speed ones. In addition to Boron, other impurities, such as Aluminum and Phosphorous, may also be added to the silicon in order to achieve the desired properties.
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How was James Oliver's iron plow an improvement over John Deere's steel plow?
James Oliver's iron plow was an improvement over John Deere's steel plow because it was less expensive and lasted longer.
The iron plow was made by casting iron in a mold, which was cheaper and easier than the process used to make steel plows.
Additionally, iron was more durable than steel at the time, meaning it lasted longer and required less maintenance.
This allowed farmers to use the plow for a longer period before having to replace it. While John Deere's steel plow was an improvement over earlier plows, Oliver's iron plow was a significant improvement that revolutionized farming.
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lewis electron dot symbol of Ag⁴⁷
Answer:
Ag one dot
Explanation:
i hope it helps you
What happens to the ability of a solid to dissolve when temperature decreases?
answer choices
There is no change in the solubility of the solid.
The solubility of most solids will increase.
The only factor that affects the solubility of a solid is polarity.
The solubility of most solids will decrease.
The ability of a solid to dissolve when temperature decreases is that : The solubility of most solids will decrease.
What happens to the ability of solid to dissolve when temperature decreases?Solubility of most solids will decrease as temperature decreases. This is because solubility of a solid increases with increasing temperature, as higher temperatures provide more energy for solvent molecules to break apart solute particles and form solution.
Decreasing temperature reduces the energy available for solute-solvent interactions, which leads to decrease in solubility. There are some exceptions to this general trend, however and solubility of some solids may remain relatively constant or even increase slightly as temperature decreases, depending on factors such as nature of the solute and solvent, and specific conditions of the solution.
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uranium-235 has a half life of 58 minutes. if you have 1,000 grams, how much would be left in 2 hours?
Given that uranium-235 has a half-life of 58 minutes and initially there is 1000 grams of it. To find out how much would be left after 2 hours.
we need to convert the 2 hours into minutes which is as follows:1 hour = 60 minutes Thus, 2 hours = 2 * 60 minutes = 120 minutes After the first half-life period of 58 minutes, half of the uranium-235 will decay and there will be 1000/2 = 500 grams of it remaining. After the second half-life period of 58 minutes, half of the 500 grams will decay and there will be 250 grams of uranium-235 remaining.
Now, we have 120/58 = 2.07 half-life periods of uranium-235. Therefore, the amount of uranium-235 remaining after 2 hours can be calculated using the following formula: Amount Remaining = Initial Amount × (1/2)².07= 1000 × 0.153= 153 grams. So, after 2 hours, there will be 153 grams of uranium-235 remaining.
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Example 4: How many joules are required to boil 150. grams of water? (The heat of vaporization of water
is 40.67 kJ/mole.)
The joules required to boil 150. grams of water, given the heat of vaporization of water is 338,400 J.
How to find the energy required ?To calculate the amount of energy required to boil 150 grams of water, we can use the following formula:
q = m × ΔHvap
First, we need to convert the heat of vaporization from kJ/mol to J/g:
40.67 kJ/mol = 40.67 × 10^3 J/mol
40.67 × 10^3 J/mol / 18.02 g/mol = 2256 J/g
So the heat of vaporization of water is 2256 J/g.
Now we can plug in the values:
q = 150 g × 2256 J/g
q = 338,400 Joules
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How much energy (in Joules) would it take to warm 3.11 grams of gold by 7.9 oC
(specific heat capacity of gold = 0.130 J/g °C)
Explanation:
3,11 g * 7.9 C * .130 J/(g C) = 3.19 J
See how the 'g' the 'C' cancel out and you are left with 'J ' for an answer?
I need help filling out this chart can someone help me please
Answer:
Explanation:
1)
Atomic No.=27
Mass No.= 59
Protons- 27
Neutrons- 32
electrons= 27
2)
73 181 Ta
protons=73
neutrons=108
electrons=73
12.
11.
10.
Ethanol, C₂H5OH, is the alcohol that is present in alcoholic drinks.
Ethanol is soluble in water. Complete the diagram below to show why ethanol is soluble in
water. You should include relevant lone pairs and dipoles and label the bond responsible
for this solubility.
[3]
H₂C₂
H
Petroleum, which is a mixture of hydrocarbons, is an important source of chemicals. These
chemicals can be obtained by fractional distillation and further processing such as cracking and
isomerisation.
(a) During fractional distillation, explain why hydrocarbons containing few carbon atoms distil
at lower temperatures than hydrocarbons with many carbon atoms.
[3]
QWC[1]
Modern artificial fertilisers contain many ions that are used by plants to help their growth. These
include potassium ions, ammonium ions, nitrate ions and phosphate ions.
(a) Ammonium ions are tetrahedral. The formula of an ammonium ion is NH..
(i) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram to show the bonding in an ammonium ion.
[1]
E
Answer:
During fractional distillation, hydrocarbons with fewer carbon atoms have weaker intermolecular forces of attraction between molecules due to their smaller size and fewer electrons. This results in a lower boiling point and they vaporize more easily at lower temperatures. In contrast, hydrocarbons with more carbon atoms have stronger intermolecular forces of attraction due to their larger size and more electrons. As a result, they require higher temperatures to vaporize and separate from other hydrocarbons in the mixture during fractional distillation.
I'm sorry, but it seems like there might be a typo in your question. You have written "NH.." as the formula for an ammonium ion, which is incomplete. The correct formula is NH4+. However, I can provide you with the dot-and-cross diagram for NH4+.
The dot-and-cross diagram for NH4+ is as follows:
H
|
H — N — H
|
H+
In this diagram, each hydrogen atom shares a single electron with the nitrogen atom, forming a covalent bond. The nitrogen atom also has a lone pair of electrons. The ammonium ion is positively charged because it has lost one electron, which is represented by the + sign.
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in the reaction of n2 and h2 to produce nh3, how many moles of h2 will produce 59.2 grams nh3 if sufficient n2 is present?
The balanced equation for the reaction of N2 and H2 to produce
NH3 is:N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)
From this equation, we can infer that for every one mole of N2, we need 3 moles of H2 to produce 2 moles of NH3. Therefore, to determine the moles of H2 needed to produce 59.2 grams of NH3, we must first determine the number of moles of NH3 produced by 59.2 grams. The molar mass of NH3 is 17.03 g/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of NH3 produced is:59.2 g / 17.03 g/mol = 3.47 mol NH3Now we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of H2 required. For every 2 moles of NH3, we need 3 moles of H2. Therefore:3.47 mol NH3 x (3 mol H2 / 2 mol NH3) = 5.21 mol H2
Therefore, 5.21 moles of H2 are needed to produce 59.2 grams of NH3 if sufficient N2 is present.
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oil does not dissolve in water because . group of answer choices water is nonpolar oil is polar water is saturated oil is hydrated oil is nonpolar
Oil does not dissolve in water because oil is nonpolar.
Thus, the correct option is E (oil is nonpolar).
What is oil?Oil is а non-polаr hydrophobic substаnce, meаning it cаnnot mix with polаr solvents such аs wаter. Wаter is а polаr solvent, аnd it is cаpаble of dissolving polаr substаnces. The molecules of wаter аre chаrged, which mаkes them cаpаble of sticking to polаr molecules like sаlts аnd sugаrs, resulting in а homogenous solution.
Oil, on the other hаnd, is а non-polаr substаnce thаt cаnnot dissolve in wаter becаuse it lаcks polаr chаrges. The forces thаt hold oil molecules together аre weаk аnd nonpolаr, аnd аs а result, oil cаnnot mix with polаr solvents like wаter. Hence, oil sepаrаtes from wаter аnd forms two distinct lаyers.
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