Answer:
To solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law, which states that (P1 * V1) / T1 = (P2 * V2) / T2, where P is pressure, V is volume, and T is temperature in kelvins.
First, we need to convert the temperatures from Celsius to kelvins by adding 273.15. So -20°C is equivalent to 253.15 K and 90°C is equivalent to 363.15 K.
Plugging in the known values into the combined gas law formula, we get:
(760 * 48) / 253.15 = (740 * V2) / 363.15
Solving for V2, we find that the final volume of the hydrogen gas is approximately 53.7 L.
Describe the method of separateing salt and water from their solutions
Answer:
Water and salt can be separated through the process of distillation or evaporation. The water is boiled till it evaporates into vapor and leaves salt behind as a solid. The boiling point of water is lower compared to the boiling point of salt.
Explanation:
The method of separating salt and water from their solutions is called evaporation or condensation
Here are the steps:
1. Pour the saltwater solution into a heat-resistant container, such as a glass or metal beaker.
2. Place the container on a heat source, such as a hot plate or stove.
3. Heat the solution until the water begins to evaporate. The salt will remain in the container as the water turns into steam.
4. Once all the water has evaporated, turn off the heat source and allow the container to cool.
5. As the steam cools, it will condense back into liquid form, leaving the salt behind.
6. Carefully remove the salt from the container using a utensil, such as a spatula or a spoon.
7. Discard the remaining water, or save it for other uses.
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determine the empirical formula and/or molecular formula of a compound from percent composition or mass data
The empirical formula of the compound is: CH4.
To determine the empirical formula and/or molecular formula of a compound from percent composition or mass data, follow the steps below:
Empirical Formula:
Step 1: Calculate the mass of each element present in the compound.Step 2: Divide the mass of each element by its atomic weight.Step 3: Calculate the mole ratio by dividing each element's mole value by the smallest mole value.Step 4: Write the empirical formula by multiplying each subscript by the smallest integer that will produce whole numbers.Molecular Formula:
Step 1: Calculate the empirical formula mass by adding the atomic masses of all atoms in the empirical formula.Step 2: Calculate the mass of the empirical formula and divide the molecular mass of the compound by the empirical formula mass.Step 3: Multiply each subscript of the empirical formula by the result of step 2 to get the molecular formula.Example: What is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 14.3 g of carbon and 4.8 g of hydrogen?
Step 1: Calculate the mass of each element present in the compound. C = 14.3 gH = 4.8 gStep 2: Divide the mass of each element by its atomic weight. C = 14.3 g / 12.01 g/mol = 1.19 molTo know more about "Empirical formula" & "Molecular formula" refer here:
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consider combustion of coal in pure oxygen (oxycombustion) and in air. the percent theoretical oxidizer in each case is 100%. which case will have a higher adiabatic flame temperature?
The adiabatic flame temperature is the temperature of the flame when no heat is lost to the surroundings during combustion. In pure oxygen (oxycombustion), the combustion process involves the reaction of coal with pure oxygen.
This process provides a higher concentration of oxygen, leading to higher combustion temperatures compared to combustion in air. In contrast, air contains only 21% oxygen, and the combustion process is less efficient due to the presence of nitrogen, which acts as a heat sink.
Therefore, combustion in pure oxygen will have a higher adiabatic flame temperature than combustion in air. This higher temperature can be advantageous in certain industrial processes that require high temperatures, such as steel production, glass manufacturing, and chemical synthesis. However, pure oxygen is expensive to produce, so the cost of oxycombustion may be higher than combustion in air.
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What is the percent composition of each element in the formula for potassium phosphate (K, P, and O, respectively)?
By synthetic examination, the composition of potassium phosphate is 55.19% K, 14.63% P, and 30. 19% O.
Percent composition lets you know which sorts of particles (components) are available in an atom and their levels. Percent composition can likewise educate you concerning the various components present in an ionic compound too.
We should check two models out
The molar mass of
[tex]H_{2}O[/tex] is 18 g/mol
The hydrogens make up 2g (since every mole of hydrogen is 1g)
The oxygen makes up 16g.
The percent composition of the compound is:
H = (2g/18g) x 100 = 11.1%
O = (16g/18g) x 100 = 88.9%
Percent composition can be determined by the substance recipe of a compound, or it tends to be resolved tentatively.
Percent composition from exploratory information for a response of iron and oxygen which creates an iron oxide compound.
Potassium is the synthetic component with the image K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and nuclear number 19. A gleaming white metal is sufficiently delicate to cut with a blade without any problem.
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lime is used in farming to reduce the acidity of the soil. the chemical name for lime is calcium oxide. when water in the soil reacts with lime, what base is formed?
The chemical reaction of lime (calcium oxide) with water in the soil produces calcium hydroxide, a base. This reaction occurs when water molecules interact with the calcium oxide molecules, forming calcium hydroxide. The equation for this reaction is CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂
Calcium oxide is produced by heating limestone to a high temperature. When calcium oxide is mixed with water, calcium hydroxide is produced. It is also called slaked lime.
Calcium hydroxide, a base, helps to reduce the acidity of the soil. It can do this because it has a pH greater than 7. The reaction between lime and water helps to neutralize the soil pH by releasing hydroxide ions which bond with hydrogen ions in the soil, causing the acidity to decrease. This is especially beneficial for plants, as acidic soil can stunt their growth.
Calcium hydroxide is used in a variety of applications, including the production of cement.
Overall, when water reacts with lime (calcium oxide) in the soil, calcium hydroxide is formed. This base helps to reduce the acidity of the soil, making it more suitable for plant growth.
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the buoyant force acting on the Lucia before the torpedo attack
The buoyant force acting on the Lucia before the torpedo attack was the upward force on the submarine due to the water it displaces when submerged.
This force is determined by the submarine's volume and the density of the water it is submerged in. This force essentially counteracts the downward force of gravity, allowing the Lucia to remain at a constant depth underwater.The buoyant force acting on the Lucia before the torpedo attack was the force of the water pushing up on the hull of the ship, which counteracted the force of gravity pulling it down. This buoyancy kept the ship afloat, allowing it to remain afloat even when it was loaded with cargo and crew.
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complete question:Describe the buoyant force acting on the Lucia before the torpedo attack.
The cage size of the zeolites is in cm scale true false
The cage size of zeolites is in the centimeters scale. This statement is false.
Zeolites are microporous aluminosilicate minerals that have a framework structure composed of aluminosilicate tetrahedra. these tetrahedra are related together to form a three-dimensional pore shape with uniform size and form. Zeolites are widely used as adsorbents, catalysts, and ion-exchangers due to their particular properties such as excessive floor location, thermal stability, and molecular sieving homes.Cage length of Zeolites are known for his or her uniform pore size and form. the dimensions of the pores in zeolites ranges from 2-10 Å (angstroms), that's too small to be measured in centimeters. consequently, the cage size of zeolites isn't in the centimeters scale, but as an alternative in the angstroms scale.
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What purpose does the sulfuric acid play in the Fischer esterification reaction?What is the purpose of the Dean-Stark trap?
In the Fischer esterification reaction, sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst that facilitates the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol to form an ester. The sulfuric acid protonates the carboxylic acid, making it more reactive towards the alcohol.
The acid also facilitates the removal of water from the reaction mixture, which drives the equilibrium towards the formation of the ester. This results in a higher yield of the ester product. The Dean-Stark trap is a piece of equipment used in the Fischer esterification reaction to remove water from the reaction mixture. It is a special type of condenser that collects the water formed during the reaction and allows it to separate from the organic layer.
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What mass of benzoic acid, C6H5COOH, would you dissolve in a 350.0 mL of water to produce a solution with a pH = 2.85? Ka=6.3*10^-5.
The formula for Ka is used to determine the mass of benzoic acid that is needed to be dissolved in a 350.0 mL of water to produce a solution with a pH = 2.85 and Ka=6.3*10^-5.
given :
Ka = [H3O+][C6H5COO-]/[C6H5COOH]
Since the pH is known, we can use the equation pH = -log[H3O+] to find the concentration of hydronium ions in the solution.
2.85 = -log[H3O+] [H3O+] = 5.01 × 10-3 M
We assume that the benzoic acid fully dissociates so that [C6H5COO-] = [H3O+] and [C6H5COOH] - [H3O+]
Substituting the values into the formula gives
Ka = [5.01 × 10-3][5.01 10-3]/[C6H5COOH] Ka = 2.51 10-5M1, so we will solve for [C6H5COOH].
Rearranging the equation for Ka, we obtain [C6H5COOH] = [H3O+]. 2 /[C6H5COO-] 2.51 × 10-5 = (5.01 × 10-3)2 / [C6H5COOH] [C6H5COOH] = (5.01 10-3) 2 / (2.51 × 10-5) = 1003.98 M
As the solution requires the presence of benzoic acid in 350.0 mL of water,
We will use the equation:
Mass = (molarity) (molecular mass) (volume) Mass = (1003.98) (122.12 g/mol) (0.3500 L) Mass = 43.4 g
The mass of benzoic acid that would dissolve in 350.0 mL of water to produce a solution with a pH of 2.85 is 43.4 g.
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How do the unique characteristics of water determine its interactions with chemical and biological systems? How is water unique in chemical and biological systems?
A vital component of both chemical and biological processes, water is a wonderful substance. Its special characteristics result from the organisation of its molecules and the interactions they have with one another and with other molecules.
Water's ability to generate hydrogen bonds is one of its most significant characteristics. The negative oxygen atom of one water molecule interacts electrostatically with the positive hydrogen atom of another, forming hydrogen bonds. Water has a high surface tension as a result of these connections, which also enable it to form droplets and adhere to surfaces. For the structure and stability of biomolecules like proteins and nucleic acids in biological systems, hydrogen bonding are essential.The solvent water is likewise quite good. Many different polar and ionic chemicals can be dissolved by it because of its polar nature. The cytoplasm of cells and other biological fluids like blood contain it since it is a necessary component.
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Under forward biasing, what processes occur in the quasi-neutral regions adjacent to the depletion region edges?
1.Drift and diffusion
2.Diffusion and recombination
3.Generation and diffusion
4.generation and drift
Under forward biasing, the processes that occur in the quasi-neutral regions adjacent to the depletion region edges are drift and diffusion.
What is forward biasing?
Forward biasing is the method of turning on a diode by providing a voltage that enables current to flow through the diode.
Quasi-neutral region
Quasi-neutral regions are the areas of a p-n junction diode where there is a substantial concentration of charge carriers on either side of the junction.
The density of charge carriers varies gradually in this area. As a result, the electrons and holes are mutually neutralized, and the region becomes electrically neutral.
In a p-n junction diode, there are two types of regions: the p-type region, which is dominated by holes, and the n-type region, which is dominated by electrons.
When the diode is forward-biased, the negative terminal is connected to the N-region, and the positive terminal is connected to the P-region.
This causes an electric field to develop that pushes the electrons toward the P-region and the holes toward the N-region.
When the applied voltage causes the minority carriers to be pushed across the junction into the opposite region, the carriers cross the depletion area, which is the space-charge region. In a diode, the area on either side of the junction, which is free of any charge carriers, is known as the depletion area or region.
The quasi-neutral regions adjacent to the depletion region edges experience drift and diffusion under forward biasing.
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if you were asked to dissolve a solid into an aqueous solution, how could you speed this process up? how could you slow it down? listed below are a number of possible ways to alter the rate of this process. place them in the proper category. if you need help, think about putting sugar in your tea. items: add the solute in large chunks. add the solute slowly. increase the atmospheric pressure. stir or agitate the solution.
The answer is it will take longer to dissolve the solute in the solution. Add the solute slowly. Stir or agitate the solution. Increase the atmospheric pressure. Add the solute in large chunks. If a solute is added slowly, it will take longer to dissolve in the solution.
Stirring or agitating the solution will improve the rate at which the solute dissolves in the solution because it helps to break up the solute particles into smaller pieces, which increases the solute's contact with the solvent. Increasing the atmospheric pressure has the potential to improve the rate of dissolving a solid in a solution. The atmospheric pressure is the weight of the air over the surface of the solution. The higher the pressure, the more gas molecules are present in the atmosphere, and the more they will be compressed against the surface of the solution. The rate of dissolving of a solid in a solution can be slowed down by adding the solute in large chunks. As a result, it will take longer to dissolve the solute in the solution.
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when calculating the ph of very dilute solutions, simply taking the negative log of the concentration of substance put into solution is likely to give incorrect results if the concentration is less than what?
To calculate the pH of very dilute solutions, simply taking the negative log of the concentration of substance put into solution is likely to give incorrect results if the concentration is less than [tex]10^-^7M[/tex].
The calculation of pH of very dilute solutions is likely to give incorrect results because when we take the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution, we should have a minimum of [tex]10^-^7M[/tex] hydrogen ion concentration to calculate the pH with. This is because pure water dissociates into [tex]10^-^7M[/tex] hydrogen and hydroxide ions.
For any solution with a pH of 7 or greater, the hydrogen ion concentration is lower than [tex]10^-^7M[/tex] . If we try to calculate the pH of a very dilute solution with hydrogen ion concentration less than [tex]10^-^7M[/tex], then the pH value will be outside the range of 0 to 14, which is not possible.
Hence, this will give incorrect results. Therefore, it is necessary to use alternative methods such as diluting the solution with a solvent or using indicators.
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A grease fire started on the stove, it was then covered completely with a fire blanket so that the fire goes out. Identify the limiting reactant in this situation.
A.the grease
B.the blanket
C.the fire
D.oxygen
Oxygen, abbreviated O2, is the limiting reactant in this scenario. Limiting Reactor: The fire equation is O2 + Fuel = CO2 + H2O
How fire is exhausted?When a pile of leaves is set on fire and the fire is covered with a fire blanket to put it out, the blanket restricts the amount of oxygen the fire can access, which lowers the amount of oxygen present and lowers the amount of CO2 and H2O that can be created.
How can limiting reagents be discovered?By dividing the volume of each solution by its molarity, you can get the number of moles of each reactant. By dividing the number of moles of each reactant by its stoichiometric coefficient in the balanced chemical equation, you may determine which reactant is the limiting one.
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a zeolite sequesters pahs by the formation of permanent covalent bonds.T/F
Zeolites are microporous crystalline aluminosilicate materials. Zeolites chelate PAHS by forming permanent covalent bonds is one of the misrepresentations. So, this statement is false one.
Zeolites are minerals such as sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium aluminosilicates, which have a porous structure. Commonly used as commercial adsorbents, catalysts and water softener and ion exchange chromatography.
They are mainly composed of silicon, aluminum and oxygen, and the general formula is Mn+1/n(AlO₂)−(SiO₂)x･yH₂O.
Chelation refers to the formation of coordination compounds to prevent the normal behavior of ions in solution. Zeolites do not chelate PAHs by forming permanent covalent bonds, but by forming coordination complexes.
Zeolites do not chelate PAHs by forming permanent covalent bonds, but by forming coordination complexes. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
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From your knowledge of the dehydration of tertiary alcohols, which olefin should predominate in the product of the dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol, and why?
2-methyl-2-butene
Explanation:
From my knowledge of the dehydration of tertiary alcohols, the olefin that should predominate in the product of the dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol is 2-methyl-2-butene. This is because of the following reasons:
1. Dehydration of alcohols is an elimination reaction that follows the E1 mechanism.
2. In the E1 mechanism, the reaction rate depends on the stability of the carbocation formed.
3. Tertiary carbocations are more stable than secondary or primary carbocations due to hyperconjugation and inductive effects.
4. In the dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol, a tertiary carbocation is formed as an intermediate.
5. The carbocation can lose a proton to form an alkene.
6. Since the tertiary carbocation is more stable, it will form the more substituted alkene, which is 2-methyl-2-butene, due to Zaitsev's rule.
7. Zaitsev's rule states that the major product in an elimination reaction is the more substituted alkene, resulting from the removal of the least substituted proton.
So, 2-methyl-2-butene should predominate in the product of the dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol due to the stability of the tertiary carbocation and Zaitsev's rule.
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select all of the compounds from the following list that are strong acids in aqueous solution. a. HF b. H2SO4 c. HBr d. H2CO3.
The compounds HF, [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex], and HBr are strong acids in aqueous solution.
Strong acids are molecules that can easily donate protons to water molecules in aqueous solution. This dissociation of protons from the acid molecules creates a solution that is highly acidic, often with a pH of less than 7.Hydrofluoric acid (HF), sulfuric acid ([tex]H_2SO_4[/tex]), and hydrobromic acid (HBr) are all strong acids in aqueous solution. This is because the conjugate bases of these acids are generally much less stable than the acids themselves, which makes them more likely to dissociate and donate protons in water.The higher the difference in stability, the more likely it is that the acid will dissociate in water and the stronger the acid will be.
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Can someone please answer these I need help
Answer:
(1) 80.64 Liters
(2) [tex]6.29 \times 10^{-4} Liters[/tex]
(3) 2.61 grams
(4) 0.714 g/L
(5) 0.19624 kilograms
Explanation:
It's known that:
one mole of any gas at STP (1 atm, 273K ) = 22.4 Liter
number of moles of any gas at STP = [tex]\frac{V}{22.4} = \frac{Particles}{N_A}[/tex] , Where V is Volume, NA is Avogadro's number, Particles: number of Particles
Volume of gas at STP = Moles × 22.4L
density = [tex]\frac{Molar-Mass}{Volume}[/tex]
(1)
Given That:
3.6 moles of CO2
Then:
Volume = 3.6 × 22.4 = 80.64 Liters
(2)
Moles of O2= [tex]\frac{1.69 \times 10^{19}}{6.022 \times 10^{23}} = 2.81 \times 10^{-5} moles[/tex]
Volume of O2= 22.4 × 2.81 × 10^-5 = [tex]6.29 \times 10^{-4} Liters[/tex]
(3)
Number of moles of He = [tex]\frac{14.6}{22.4} = 0.65 moles[/tex]
mass of He (molar mass = 4 g/mol) = 0.65 × 4 = 2.61 grams
(4)
The molar mass of CH4 = 12 + 4 = 16 g/mol
assuming that we have, at STP, one mole of Methane "CH4"
So, the volume = 22.4 L
Hence, The density = [tex]\frac{16}{22.4} = 0.714 g/L[/tex]
(5)
Number of moles of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] = [tex]\frac{100}{22.4} = 4.46 moles[/tex]
molar mass of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] = 3(12) + 8 = 44 g/mol
mass of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] = 44 × 4.46 = 196.24 grams = 0.19624 kilograms
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An element, M, has the electron distribution 2 + 8 + 18+ 3.
(a) Which group in the Periodic Table is element M likely to be in?
Electrons distribution in shells:
First shell - 2 electrons
Second shell - 8 electrons
Third shell - 18 electrons
Fourth (valence shell) - 3 electrons
Explanation:
The group number of an element can be found by finding its number of valence shell electrons.
According to the electrons distribution in shells, the valence shell has 3 electrons
Hence element M will be in the third group of the periodic table
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Silver Acetate is a sparingly soluble salt with Ksp= 1.9*10^-3. Consider a saturated solution in equilibrium with the solid salt. Compare the effects on the solubility of adding the acid HNO3 or the base NH3.
Answer: When HNO3 is added to a saturated solution of silver acetate, it will react with the acetate anions to form nitric acid and acetic acid. This will shift the equilibrium of the solubility reaction to the right, according to Le Chatelier's principle, resulting in an increase in the solubility of silver acetate.
AgC2H3O2(s) ⇌ Ag+(aq) + C2H3O2-(aq)
Adding NH3 to the saturated solution of silver acetate will react with the silver ions to form the complex ion Ag(NH3)2+. This will remove the silver ions from the solution, thus decreasing the concentration of Ag+ in the solution. According to Le Chatelier's principle, the equilibrium of the solubility reaction will shift to the left to compensate for the decrease in Ag+, resulting in a decrease in the solubility of silver acetate.
Ag+(aq) + 2NH3(aq) ⇌ Ag(NH3)2+(aq)
Therefore, the addition of HNO3 will increase the solubility of silver acetate, while the addition of NH3 will decrease the solubility of silver acetate.
Explanation:
identify the color for each of the ph ranges for bromothymol blue.
The pH ranges for bromothymol blue are: pH 6.0 or less: Yellow, pH 6.0 to 6.8: Green, pH 6.8 to 7.6: Blue, pH 7.6 to 8.4: Greenish-Blue, pH 8.4 to 9.6: Blue-Green, and pH 9.6 or higher: Blue.
Bromothymol blue is a pH indicator that changes color over a pH range of 6.0 to 7.6. At pH 6.0, the color of the solution turns yellow, indicating an acidic solution. At pH 7.6, the color of the solution turns blue, indicating a basic solution.
The pH range between 6.0 and 7.6 is considered neutral, so the color of the solution is green. A solution with a pH of exactly 7.0 will appear green when bromothymol blue is added to it. As the pH of the solution changes, the color of the solution will change as well, providing an easy way to determine the pH of a solution.
The color changes that occur with the use of bromothymol blue can be used to determine the acidity or basicity of solutions. The use of pH indicators like bromothymol blue is important in many areas of science, including medicine, biology, and environmental science.
For example, in medicine, the pH of blood is important to determine the health of the individual. Blood has a pH range of 7.35-7.45, and pH indicators like bromothymol blue can be used to determine if blood pH is within the normal range.
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What type of solution is made from a mixture that contains 1115.94 g KCl in 2657 g of water at 30 oC? The solubility of potassium chloride at 30 oC is 37.0g KCl/100g H2O.
Group of answer choices:
Unsaturated
Saturated
It cannot be determined from the provided information.
Supersaturated
Supersaturated solution is made from a mixture that contains 1115.94 g KCl in 2657 g of water at 30 oC.
To identify the kind of solution produced from a mixture comprising 1115.94 g KCl in 2657 g of water at 30 oC, we must compare the amount of KCl in the solution to the maximum amount of KCl that may dissolve in the water at that temperature, which is provided as 37.0 g KCl/100 g H2O.
First, we need to convert the mass of water to grams of water:
2657 g water x (100 g H2O / 100 g water) = 2657 g H2O
Next, we can calculate the maximum amount of KCl that can dissolve in 2657 g of water at 30 oC:
Maximum amount of KCl = 37.0 g KCl/100 g H2O x 2657 g H2O
Maximum amount of KCl = 981.09 g KCl
Since the amount of KCl in the mixture (1115.94 g) is greater than the maximum amount of KCl that can dissolve in 2657 g of water at 30 oC (981.09 g), the solution is supersaturated.
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how many moles of aluminum oxided will be produced if 10 moles of alumminum react with enough oxygen?
Answer:
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of aluminum and oxygen to form aluminum oxide is:
4 Al + 3 O2 → 2 Al2O3
According to the stoichiometry of this reaction, 4 moles of aluminum reacts with 3 moles of oxygen to produce 2 moles of aluminum oxide.
Therefore, if 10 moles of aluminum react with enough oxygen, the limiting reactant will be aluminum, and all 10 moles of aluminum will react with 7.5 moles of oxygen to produce:
(10 mol Al) x (2 mol Al2O3 / 4 mol Al) = 5 moles of Al2O3
Therefore, 5 moles of aluminum oxide will be produced.
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when 14.5g of SO2 reacts with 21g of O2 ,what will be the theoretical yeild of the reaction of the actual is 12g
ans:We have to find theoretical yield and percentage yield of the reaction.
Solution : 14.5 g of SO2 reaches with 21 g of O2. and actual yield is 12g.
first we see chemical reaction is SO2 and O2,
2SO2 + O2 ⇒2SO3
we see, 2 moles of SO2 react with 1 mole of O2.
molecular weight of SO2 = 32 + 2 × 16 = 64 g
molecular weight of O2 = 32g
∴ 2 × 64 = 128g of SO2 reacts with 32g of O2.
∴ 14.5g of SO2 reacts with 32/128 × 14.5 = 3.625 g but given O2 is 21g
so, SO2 is limiting reagent.
hence, reaction prefers SO2 to produce SO3
2 moles of SO2 give 2 moles of SO3
∴ 128g of SO2 gives 2 × (32 + 3 × 16) = 160g of SO3
⇒14.5 g of SO2 gives 160/128 × 14.5 g = 18.125 g
so theoretical yield = 18.125 g
but actual yield = 12g
so, percentage yield = actual yield/theoretical yield × 100
= 12/18.125 × 100
= 66.207 %
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Convert a anthracite coal price of$90/ton to$/MMBtu. Heat content of anthracite coal is 15,000 Btu/pound.$15.52/MMBtu\$3/MMBtu \$90.00/MMBtu 3.86/MMBtu
The coal cost of $90/ton with an intensity content of 7000 BTU for every pound is D: $6.42/MMBtu.
The recipe to compute MMBtu from tons is as per the following -
Cost per mmbtu = cost per ton × 500/BTU per pound
Keep the qualities in the equation to find the cost per MMBtu
Cost per mmbtu = (90×500)/7000
Performing augmentation in the numerator on Right Hand Side of the situation
Cost per mmbtu = 45000/7000
Performing division on Right Hand Side of the situation to find the cost per MMBtu for coal
Cost per mmbtu = $6.42/mmbtu
Accordingly, the right choice is D: $6.42/MMBtu.
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Question 25b please.
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25 (b) 106 g of Na2CO3 is needed to produce 22.4 dm³ of CO2 at STP in this reaction.
What is meant by molar volume?Volume occupied by one mole of a substance at a given temperature and pressure is known as molar volume.
Balanced equation shows that 1 mole of Na2CO3 produces 1 mole of CO2. Therefore, the number of moles of CO2 produced in 22.4 dm^3 of gas at STP is:
n = V/VM = 22.4/22.4 = 1 mol
So we need 1 mole of Na2CO3 to produce this amount of CO2.
Molar mass of Na2CO3 is:
2Na + C + 3O = (2x23) + 12 + (3x16) = 106 g/mol
Therefore, mass of Na2CO3 needed is:
As mass = n x molar mass = 1 mol x 106 g/mol = 106 g
So, 106 g of Na2CO3 is needed to produce 22.4 dm³ of CO2 at STP in this reaction.
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when carbonyl compounds are reduced with a reagent such as lialh4 or nabh4 and a new stereogenic center is formed, what will the composition of the product mixture be?
When carbonyl compounds are reduced with a reagent such as LiAlH₄ or NaBH₄ and new stereogenic center is formed, chemical change will lead to form products that form a racemic mixture of two enantiomers with alcohol as its composition.
A Chemical change is defined as a change which occurs when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance as product. Also, when a substance decomposes to give new substances it is also considered as a chemical change.
The reduction of an unsymmetrical ketone with the reducing agents LiAlH4 or NaBH4 gives a pair of stereoisomers. This is because the hydride ion can attack from either face of a planar carbonyl group. And , If no other chiral center is present, then the product is a racemic mixture of two enantiomers. The carbonyl group is converted to alcohol in the end product of such reactions.
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What are the spectator ions in this equation?
Spectator ions are ions that are present on both sides of chemical reactions but do not take part in the reaction itself.
When used in a chemical equation, what are spectator ions?An ion known as a spectator ion is one that is present in solution both before and after a chemical reaction but does not participate in it. The chemical equation known as the net ionic equation only displays the substances that are directly involved in the chemical process.
Which of the ions listed below is a spectator ion at all times?Sulfate, sulphide, and chloride ions react to generate salt out of the supplied ions. While the provided solution's ammonium and nitrate ions remain in their original states.
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3 screenshots! Please help
1. The volume of the 12.0 g of methane, CH₄ is 16.8 L
2. The new celsius temperature of the gas is -153.8 °C
3i. The partial pressure for CO₂ is 0.575 atm
3ii. The partial pressure for O₂ is 0.2875 atm
3iii. The partial pressure for water is 0.2875 atm
1. How do i determine the volume of the gas?First, we shall obtain the mole of the gas. This shown below:
Mass of methane, CH₄ (m) = 12 gramsMolar mass of methane, CH₄ (M) = 16 g/molMole of methane, CH₄ =?Mole = mass / molar mass
Mole of methane, CH₄ = 12 / 16
Mole of methane, CH₄ = 0.75 mole
Finally, we shall determine the volume of the methane, CH₄
Mole of methane, CH₄ = 0.75 moleVolume of methane, CH₄ =?From ideal gas equation,
1 mole of methane, CH₄ = 22.4 L
Therefore,
0.75 mole of methane, CH₄ = 0.75 × 22.4
0.75 mole of methane, CH₄ = 16.8 L
Thus, the volume of methane, CH₄ is 16.8 L
2. How do i determine the new temperature?The new temperature of the gas can be obtained as follow:
Initial temperature (T₁) = 25 °C = 25 + 273 = 298 KInitial volume (V₁) = 10 LNew volume (V₂) = 4 LNew temperature (T₂) =?Charles' law equation is given as follow:
V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂
Inputting the variables, we have
10 / 298 = 4 / T₂
Cross multiply
10 × T₂ = 298 × 4
Divide both side by 10
T₂ = (298 × 4) / 10
T₂ = 119.2 K
Subtract 273 to obtain answer in °C
T₂ = 119.2 - 273 K
T₂ = -153.8 °C
Thus, the new temperature is -153.8 °C
3. How do i determine the partial pressure?i. Partial pressure for CO₂ can be obtained as follow:
Percentage of CO₂ = 50%Total percentage = 100%Total pressure = 1.15 atmPartial pressure of CO₂ =?Partial pressure of CO₂ = (percentage of CO₂ / total percent) × total pressure
Partial pressure of CO₂ = (50 / 100) × 1.15
Partial pressure of CO₂ = 0.575 atm
ii. Partial pressure for O₂ can be obtained as follow:
Percentage of O₂ = 25%Total percentage = 100%Total pressure = 1.15 atmPartial pressure of O₂ =?Partial pressure of O₂ = (percentage of O₂ / total percent) × total pressure
Partial pressure of CO₂ = (25 / 100) × 1.15
Partial pressure of O₂ = 0.2875 atm
iii. Partial pressure for water can be obtained as follow:
Partial pressure of CO₂ = 0.575 atmPartial pressure of O₂ = 0.2875 atmTotal pressure = 1.15 atmPartial pressure of water =?Total pressure = Partial pressure of CO₂ + partial pressure of O₂ + partial pressure of water
1.15 = 0.575 + 0.2875 + partial pressure of water
1.15 = 0.8625 + partial pressure of water
Collect like terms
Partial pressure of water = 1.15 - 0.8625
Partial pressure of water = 0.2875 atm
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