2 Diseases of a cassava

Answer:

a. True

Explanation:

Cellular Respiration is the process by which cells of all living organisms obtain the required energy for their metabolic activities. Respiration is a catabolic process whereby glucose is broken down to release Its high energy and used to synthesize a usable form of energy by the cell (ATP).

Cellular respiration occurs in living cells with oxygen (aerobic) or without oxygen (anaerobic). In aerobic respiration, three processes viz: Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation are involved. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the Electron transport chain of the Oxidative phosphorylation.

On the other hand, anaerobic respiration is employed by certain bacteria in the absence of oxygen. In anaerobic respiration, another final electron acceptor is used other than oxygen.

Both processes yield Adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Answer:

D

C

B

A

Alveoli

larynx

mucus

nitrogen

diaphragm

Air enters the body through the mouth or nose and passes through the pharynx and larynx. Then it travels down the trachea and branches through the bronchi into the two lungs. In the lungs, small alveoli are the site of gas exchange where carbon dioxide diffuses into the lungs for exhalation, while oxygen from the air diffuses into the capillaries surrounding the alveoli to be pumped throughout the body.

Explanation:

Emphysema is caused by smoking. Pneumonia is buildup of fluid in the alveoli of the lungs, bronchitis is inflammation of bronchioles in the lungs, and asthma is condition in which an attack can trigger constrict air passage. The correct match is 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, and 4-a.

The process by which cells shatter down sugar and obtain energy by using oxygen.

There are several conditions that can affect the respiratory conditions. Some can be listed as:

Thus, the correct match is 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, and 4-a.

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Answer:

One.

Explanation:

The attached figure shows the diagram of the given question.

We need to find how many angles are alternate exterior angles with angle 5?

Exterior angle = Angle that is made outside of the shape

Alternate angle = an angle opposite of a transversal line of another angle.

From the figure, 8, 7, 9, 10, 12, and 11 are the angles that are on the same transversal. 8, 7, 9, 10, and 12 are just exterior. It means that 11 is the alternate exterior of angle 5. So, only one angle is alternate exterior angles with angle 5.

The correct answer is True

Explanation:

The focus of environmental engineering is to create technologies and solutions to prevent environmental pollution and destruction, and in this way protect human societies, as well as, natural ecosystems. This includes solutions to reduce the impact of land development that involves altering natural ecosystems to build houses and other human constructions. In this area, environmental engineers make the use of land for humans efficient and create models that are more friendly to the environment. Thus, the statement is true.

Answer:

Explanation:

just took the test on and got it right

Answer:

First the proprioceptors found in the tissues will capture tissue damage and the presence of a continuity solution in the skin, then these receptors will activate the afferent pathway, which is the pathway of pain, which is sensory.

This stimulus that ascends to the central nervous system activates the "flight" mechanism in the face of pain (it is also known as the withdrawal mechanism).

It is in this way that a stimulation is sent to the alpha motor neuron in the form of an action potential as an efferent pathway to the skeletal muscles of the foot and the damaged leg, so that an automatic and involuntary muscle contraction is generated in a matter of millisemas of second after the damage, so the foot is removed from the damage area.

Explanation:

The withdrawal mechanism is a reflex that the human acquires before pain, that is why it is the muscular contraction is automatic and fast once the pain occurs.

So as a summary: 1 - the proprioceptors of the damaged tissue are activated 2- the signal of tissue damage rises as afferent to the CNS 3- the CNS responds by activating a signal that will be sent by interneuronal connections to the alpha motor neuron 4- the signal arrives as potential of action to the alpha motor neuron that innervates the muscles of the surrounding area to which it is damaged 5 - the muscles contract, generating the withdrawal of the limb.

Answer:

Explanation:

Mitochondria and Chloroplast contain some  Ribosomes which are different from the cytoplasmic ribosomes,These were measured to be 80s,while the Mitochondria and Chloroplasts are 70s.

Furthermore smaller circular DNA were found in theses two organelles,(which are the first DNA outside nucleus).These DNA types are the exact forms found in bacteria.

Thus, it was concluded that if these organelles could contained these genetic materials,they must  be bacterial.Therefore chloroplast and mitochondria were  ancient bacterial which  now live  in a mutual exclusive relationships in the larger cells of Eukaryotas(plant and animals).This is the basis of Endosymbiont theory.

That is these organelles  live inside(Endo) new host in symbiosis or  beneficial association with one another (symbiont).

In the given case, the sum of the number of gametes possible in the fruit fly is 2¹² or 4096.  

At metaphase I, the arrangement of chromosomes takes place at the equatorial plate and at the equator, the orientation of homologous pairs takes place randomly. This orientation helps in finding the genes found within a gamete as each of the gametes will get only one chromatid of a chromosome.  

Now by independent assortment, the variation occurs within the gametes, which suggests that the alleles of distinct genes separate independently from one another at the time of cell differentiation. Due to independent assortment, the number of different kinds of gametes possible within the chromosomes can be determined by using the formula, 2ⁿ, where n is the number of chromosomes present within a set.  

Thus, based on the given information, the number of chromosomes present in a fruit fly is 12. Thus, the sum of the number of gametes possible in the mentioned fruit fly is 2¹² or 4096.  

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Answer:

AAC Asn

AAA Lys

AAG Lys

AGU Ser

AGC Ser

AGA Arg

AGG Arg

G

GUU Val

GUC Val

GUA Val

GUG Val

GCU Ala

G

Answer:

See attached image for detailed punnet squares and diagrams

a) F1 generation: Purple flower and spiny pods (PpSs) offsprings

b) F2 generation: Puple flower, spiny pods (9), Purple flower, smooth pods (3), White flower, spiny pods (3), white flower, smooth pods (1).

c) The progenies are: PpSS (4), PpSs (4), ppSS (4), and ppSs (4)

d) The progenies are: PPSs (4), PPss (4), PpSs (4), Ppss (4)

Explanation:

This question involves two distinct genes in jimsonweed; one coding for flower colour and the other for pod texture. The alleles for purple colour (P) and spiny pods (S) are dominant over the alleles of white flower (p) and smooth pods (s) in the two genes respectively.

A true-breeding plant with white flowers and spiny pods will have genotype: ppSS while a true-breeding plant with purple flowers and smooth pods will have genotype: PPss. In a cross between these two parents, the following combinations of gametes will be produced:

ppSS- pS, pS, pS and pS

PPss- Ps, Ps, Ps, PS

a) Hence, the F1 offsprings from this cross will possess a heterozygous genotype: PpSs, which is phenotypically purple-flowered and spiny-pod.

b) if the F1 offsprings are self-crossed i.e. PpSs × PpSs, gametes PS, Ps, pS, ps will be produced by each parent. These gametes will be used in a punnet square (see attached image) to produce the following F2 offsprings in proportion:

Purple flower, spinny pods (9)

Purple flower, smooth pods (3)

White flower, spiny pods (3)

White flower, smooth pods (1)

c) if the F1 offsprings are crossed back with the white, spiny parent i.e. PpSs × ppSS. The following progeny of offsprings will be produced: (see attached image)

PpSS (4),

PpSs (4),

ppSS (4), and

ppSs (4)

d) if the F1 offsprings are crossed back with the purple, smooth parent i.e. PpSs × PPss, the following progeny will be produced:

PPSs (4),

PPss (4),

PpSs (4), and

Ppss (4)

The true breeding plant.

As per the question, the jimson weed is a purple flower with capital P and is dominant to white (p) and a spiny pods of (S) which are dominant to smooth (s). The Punnett square method is used for the method. The true breeding have seperate types of genetic make ups.

Answer is F1 generation (PpSs), F2 generation has 9 purple flowers.

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Answer:

Glycolysis is the first step of the cellular respiration in an organism which is metabolic pathway that is completed in the cytosol of the cell that leads to the converting glucose to the pyruvate in order to produce energy in form of ATP:

1. Glucose-6-phosphate is ---> fructose-6-phosphate

2. fructose-6-phosphate ---> fructose-1,6-biphosphate

3. fructose-1,6-biphosphate ---> glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate(GAP) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP).

4. GAP is oxidised ----> 3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH

5.  3-bisphosphoglycerate  ----> 1,3-bisphophoglycerat

6. 1,3-bisphophoglycerate   ----> 3-phosphoglycerate

7. 3-phosphoglycerate ----> 2-phosphoglycerate

8.  2-phosphoglycerate  ----> phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)

9. phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP  ----> pyruvic acid + ATP

Formation of ATP occurs in both pathways or process that are respiration and fermentation. Fermentation is a catabolic pathway leads to the degradation of sugars (partial) that result in the gain of energy and this energy are absorbed in ATP.  There are difference of the amount of energy or ATP produce in these process in respiration 38 ATP are produced whereas during fermentation only 2 ATP are produced.

Answer:

The correct option is B: regulator (repressor)

Explanation:

A regulator gene would be required to control the expression by either increasing or decreasing the transcription of that particular gene. In doing so, the amount of protein product made by the gene can be regulated. In the wild-type case, the gene lacl is responsible for generating the mRNA which translates to a Lac repressor protein that binds at the operator region.

Answer:

The membrane potential of a resting neuron is primarily determined by the movement of K+start text, K, end text, start superscript, plus, end superscript ions across the membrane. ... Zero voltage across the membrane, as measured by a voltmeter with one electrode inside and one electrode outside the cell.

Answer:

Yes, it is. The chart shows that the initial charge of the neuron is negative. When the neuron is stimulated, sodium ions enter the cell. So, the voltage inside the cell changes to positive. When potassium ions move outward, the voltage decreases until it reaches its previous state.

Explanation:

Answer:

biosphere

Explanation:

The frog belongs to the biosphere -the vicinity of the planet wherein organisms live, inclusive of the floor and the air. An example of the biosphere is in which existence happens on, above, and beneath the floor of Earth.

The biosphere is made of the components of Earth wherein life exists—all ecosystems. The biosphere extends from the private root structures of bushes to the darkish environments of ocean trenches, to lush rain forests, high mountaintops, and transition zones like this one, in which ocean and terrestrial ecosystems meet.

The biosphere presents important environmental situations for survival. living organisms are required to adapt to the environment of the biosphere. The biosphere is home to biodiversity within ecosystems while imparting a reliable source of meals on the earth.

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Answer:

The correct answer is - yes lactase action is exergonic.

Explanation:

Lactase is an enzyme located in the small intestine of mammals including humans, however it is produced by many organisms in their body. Lactase is an essential enzyme as it helps in the digestion of the whole milk by breaking down the lactose, sugar present in milk.

Exergonic reactions are the reaction that releases energy by the breaking of molecules in any reaction. Generally, catabolic reactions are exergonic lie lactase catabolizes the lactose present in milk and release energy.

Thus, the correct answer is - yes lactase action is exergonic.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Gel-electrophoresis separate macromolecules according to their size and charge. In the exposed example, the well that contains a 17.15kb fragment but not a 2.03kb fragment is number 2 (Option B) (based on the attached image).

---------------------------------

Gel-electrophoresis is a technique widely used in labs to separate macromolecules, like DNA, RNA, and proteins.

This technique is based on the size and charge of the molecules. It expresses a pattern of differentiation according to the length of the fragments.

Once placed in the gel, molecules start their migration. Smaller molecules will travel faster and farther than the bigger ones.

So whenever we see a gel-electrophoresis result, we know that the largest fragments are placed in the first position, while the smallest ones are in the last position.

In the exposed example, we know that the smallest fragment is 2.03kb, while the largest one is 17.15kb.

We assume that largest fragment will be placed in the first position, and the smallest one will be placed in the last position.

We need to find a well that has fragments of 17.15 kb but not fragments of 2.03 kb.

So let us find the well in which there are molecules in the first position but not in the last one.

Note: In the attached files, you will find a gel-electrophoresis result image on which I base my answer. If this image is different from yours, choose the correct well in your gel-electrophoresis following the same reasoning.

The correct well is Two (Option B). Molecules have migrated to the first position but not to the last one.

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Answer:

1. During DNA replication, an open section of DNA, in which a DNA polymerase can replicate DNA, is called a replication fork.

2. After replication is complete, the new DNAs, called daughter DNA , are identical to each other.

3. The enzyme that can replicate DNA is called DNA polymerase.

4. Okazaki fragments are the short sections of DNA that are synthesized on the lagging strand of the replicating DNA.

5. The new DNA strand that grows continuously in the 5' to 3' direction is called the leading strand.

Explanation:

Hope it helps.

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA.

It is a fundamental process in all living organisms that allows for the accurate transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. During DNA replication, the double-stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two individual strands.

Each of the original strands serves as a template for the synthesis of new DNA occurs. This replication process follows a semi-conservative mechanism.

The correct options are:

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Answer:

15 min

Explanation:

Answer:

5-20 minutes

Explanation:

On a good day with not much poop and it's easy to come out it will take around 5 minutes. On a bad day though with lots of poop and where it's very hard to come out to the point where you have to constipate yourself, it will take around 20 minutes.

Answer Explanation:

Due to technical difficulties, the answer and explanation for this problem are available in the attached file.

Based on the given information I believe this will help:

Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that allows your body to use sugar (glucose) from carbohydrates in the food that you eat for energy or to store glucose for future use. Insulin helps keeps your blood sugar level from getting too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia).  

If you have more sugar in your body than it needs, insulin helps store the sugar in your liver and releases it when your blood sugar level is low or if you need more sugar, such as in between meals or during physical activity.  

If your body does not produce enough insulin or your cells are resistant to the effects of insulin, you may develop hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), which can cause long-term complications if the blood sugar levels stay elevated for long periods of time.

Treatment:

People with type diabetes cannot make insulin because the beta cells in their pancreas are damaged or destroyed. Therefore, these people will need insulin injections to allow their body to process glucose and avoid complications from hyperglycemia.

Answer:

A food sample is dissolved in boiling water.

Explanation:

A small amount of Benedict's reagent is added and the solution begins to cool. In the next 10 minutes, the solution changes colour. if it turns blue, there is no glucose present in it.

As it is heated, it turns yellow. The hotter the colour of the reagent, the higher the concentration of reducing sugar. E.T.C.

There is more,e.t.c.

Hope this few helps.

Answer: Option E.

DNA micro array.

Explanation:

DNA microarray is a technique that involves hybridizing cDNA into a chip that contains thousands of single stranded DNA sequences. This technique enables one to study expression of thousands of genes at the same time.looks for extra (duplicated) or missing (deleted) chromosomal segments, sometimes called copy number variants (CNVs).

DNA microarrays are microscope slides which are printed with thousands of tiny spots in specific different positions, and each of the spots contain a known DNA sequence or gene.

primary use of DNA microarrays is transcriptional profiling.

The basic principle behind the DNA microarray is “ nucleic acid hybridization.

Answer:

The slow arrival of contraction or the slow onset of contraction.

Explanation:

The T tubules function in the transformation of the action potential from the sarcolemma to the sarcopasm reticulum.

In the skeletal muscles, it is located at the junction of the A and I bands but in the cardiac muscles, it is located only at the z discs thus giving rise to to T tubules.

The cardiac muscles also do not possess as much calcium as the skeletal muscles thus, its calcium ion must come from outside producing the slow arrival of contraction or the slow onset of contraction.

The cardiac tissue has fewer T tubules and stores less calcium than skeletal muscle, thereby the onset for muscle contraction is SLOWER in the heart than in skeletal muscle.

In conclusion, the cardiac tissue has fewer T tubules and stores less calcium than skeletal muscle, thereby the onset for muscle contraction is SLOWER in the heart than in skeletal muscle.

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an example could be:

quietest noise - a clock

loudest noise - family members talking

distractions - a TV show

Answer:

lower than

Explanation:

The protons obtained from the spit of  hydrogen atoms, to protons and electrons, (which was transported to the Matrix of the mitochondria by NADH and FADH2 ) are pumped by PMF into the intramembrane space.

The constant pumps by the PMF,due to the electron transport chains set up high concentration of Hydrogen ions in the intramembrane space.If pH is -log[H+] then the high the number of H+/protons,the stronger  the acidity,and lower the pH  of the medium.

This set up higher electrochemical gradient compare to the matrix.Thus H+ diffuses down the gradients into the matrix.

This generate energy needed for the synthesis of ATPs by ATPase synthase in the matrix

Answer:

The answer is binary fission.

Explanation:

Binary fission is the process of reproduction by bacteria in which they divide into two cells.

They do this about every 20-30 minutes, this fast rate of reproduction could be best be used to explain why bacteria can infect a person very quickly.

Answer:

B. Binary Fission

Explanation:

Um. BeCaUsE

The question is incomplete and the diagram is also not given. So the diagram is attached below and the complete question is as follows:

The following models show one large cell (A) and four small cells (B).

Which of the following states why one of the models is better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell?  

A. B is better because it has more surface area.

B. A is better because it has less surface area.

C. A is better because it has more volume.

D. B is better because it has more volume

Answer:

A. B is better because it has more surface area.

Explanation:

The movement of nutrients in a cell depends on the surface to volume ratio. More is the surface to volume ratio, better will be the movement of nutrients in and out of the cell.

In the given model, small cells (B) has more surface to volume ratio as surface area of B is larger, so, the model B is better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell.

Hence, the correct option is "A".

Answer:

B has smaller cells but more surface area than A

Explanation:

B

A heterotrophic and chlorophyll protist

Food is ingested by protists in three forms. We produce, eat and digest their own organic molecules. Meat ingestion or english bacteria ingests protists. The cell wall and cell membrane are stretched to create an alimentary vacuolum around the foodstuff. Enzymes extract the food inside the food vacuole. At the other side, absorbent protists consume food molecules through their cell membrane by diffusion. In decomposition, absorbent protists play a crucial role. They are assumed to be essential decomponents. Light energy is used to make your own food by big farmers including photosynthetic protists.

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Hope this helps!

Brainliest would be great!

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With all care,

07x12!

Answer:

Helicase

Explanation:

DNA replication is the process in which DNA makes copies of itself.

The process of DNA  replication is supported by several enzymes.

The initial step of DNA replication is unwinding of double stranded DNA which is catalyzed by helicase enzyme. Helicase enzymes breaks the hydrogen bond between the  DNA strands and prepare them for replication process.

Hence, the correct asnwer is "Helicase".

Answer:

The ball and socket joint is the one that can perform all those movements.

Explanation:

Ball and socket joint, also know as spheroid joint are types of joints where the part of the bone that articulates with the other bone has a spheroidal shape or ball shape that fits in the depression of the other bone, which means that they are a synovial enarthrosis joint. It has a wide range of movements because it can move in the transverse, vertical, and sagittal axes. An example of this joint is the shoulder, between the scapula and the humerus.

Answer: Sholder and hip

Explanation: