1). The obstacle to teamwork presented by Mansur is known as...
d. Pull Rank. This is when a manager uses authority to direct decisions and actions to her members of the team, rather than allowing them to contribute and make decisions as a group.2). The decision by a major automaker to ramp up production of his SUVs and trucks and phase out some models was probably...
b. A response to changing socio-cultural factors. These factors include changes in consumer tastes and trends, which may affect demand for certain types of products.3). The ends of the economic system continuum are..
b. Communism and pure capitalism. Communism is an economic system in which the government controls all aspects of the economy, while pure capitalism is an economic system in which individuals and corporations control all aspects of the economy.4). Selling domestic products to foreign customers is called...
a. Export. This is the case if the company sells its products or services to customers in other countries.5). The acquisition of one company by another company is called a....
d. Merger. This is usually when two companies merge and he becomes one entity, with the goal of increasing market share or expanding into new markets.The economic system continuum is a way of categorizing different types of economic systems based on their degree of government intervention and private ownership. At one end of the continuum, there is a purely capitalist system, where private ownership and the free market drive economic activity. At the other end, there is a purely socialist system, where government ownership and control over resources and production dominate.
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Assume that the export price of a Toyota Corolla from Osaka, Japan is ¥2,150,000. The exchange rate is ¥87.60/$. The forecast rate of inflation in the United States is 2.2% per year and is 0.0% per year in Japan. Use this data to answer the following questions on exchange rate pass through.
1) The export price for the Corolla at the beginning of the year expressed in U.S. dollars $ ?( in 2 decimals).
2) Assuming purchasing power parity holds, the exchange rate at the end of the year will be ¥/$ ? ( in 2 decimals).
3) Assuming 100% pass-through of exchange rate, the dollar price of a Corolla be $ at the end of the year ?( in 2 decimals).
4) Assuming 75% pass-through of exchange rate, the dollar price of a Corolla be $ at the end of the year ? ( in 2 decimals).
1) The export price for the Corolla at the beginning of the year expressed in U.S. dollars is $24,543.38.
2) The exchange rate at the end of the year will be ¥89.54/$.
3) The dollar price of a Corolla at the end of the year will be $24,008.30.
4) The dollar price of a Corolla at the end of the year will be $24,380.97.
1) The export price for the Corolla at the beginning of the year expressed in U.S. dollars can be calculated by dividing the export price in Japanese yen by the exchange rate:
$2,150,000 / 87.60 = $24,543.38
2) Assuming purchasing power parity holds, the exchange rate at the end of the year will be equal to the initial exchange rate adjusted for the difference in inflation rates between the two countries:
87.60 * (1 + 0.022 - 0.000) = 89.54
3) Assuming 100% pass-through of exchange rate, the dollar price of a Corolla at the end of the year can be calculated by dividing the export price in Japanese yen by the new exchange rate:
$2,150,000 / 89.54 = $24,008.30
4) Assuming 75% pass-through of exchange rate, the dollar price of a Corolla at the end of the year can be calculated by multiplying the initial dollar price by the percentage change in the exchange rate and adding this to the initial dollar price:
$24,543.38 + ($24,543.38 * 0.75 * (89.54 - 87.60) / 87.60) = $24,380.97
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Differentiate between the 2 types of budgets. Provide an example of___
A. Differentiate between the 2 types of budgets.
B. Provide an example of the type of business or company that would benefit from using a flexible budget.
C. Provide support for your business selection and include the advantage for using a flexible budget over a static budget
A. There are two types of budgets, static and flexible.
A static budget is a predetermined budget that remains unchanged regardless of sales or revenues, while a flexible budget is adjustable according to the actual performance of the company.
B. A company that would benefit from using a flexible budget is a business that has high demand fluctuations.
For example, a retail store that experiences seasonal shifts in sales. A flexible budget would help the business more accurately manage costs and ensure better profit margins.
C. Flexible budgets can help businesses adjust to the changing environment more easily, compared to static budgets.
By allocating resources more efficiently, businesses can ensure that they are utilizing their resources to the fullest extent, and this can lead to increased profits.
Additionally, a flexible budget allows for better budgeting for businesses that experience large changes in sales throughout the year. This allows them to adjust resources and spending to respond to the changing needs of the business, thus improving their overall efficiency.
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Grace is a high performing employee. Based on her performance, it is likely that she will grow with the company. Management has been providing Grace with formal education/training so that in the future, she will be a key employee in the company. This can potentially lead to a higher position for her. What is this an example of? *Training and DevelopmentInternal DevelopmentSuccession ManagementEmployee Management
Training and Development is an important part of any company, as it allows companies to retain and develop their current employees. In the case of Grace, her employer is investing in her by providing her with formal education and training, so that she can reach her full potential and contribute more to the company.
This is an example of Training and Development, as it is an intentional effort to provide employees with the resources and knowledge they need to improve their skills and become more successful in their roles.
Ultimately, this investment in Grace is a way for her employer to ensure that they have a highly skilled and motivated employee in the future. This is beneficial for both the employee and the employer, as the employee will gain a higher position and the employer will receive the most out of their investment.
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Study and critically evaluate the strategies of any two Multinational
companies of the same Industry. Explain in detail the strategies adopted by
these companies and compare the strategies of these two companies
we can look at the strategies of two multinational companies in the same industry.
For example, let's consider McDonald's and Burger King, both of which are in the fast food industry.
McDonald's has adopted a strategy of focusing on low prices and large menu selections to attract customers. The company also offers a wide range of value meals and combo meals, making it easy for customers to get the most bang for their buck.
Additionally, McDonald's has invested heavily in its brand and has established itself as a global leader in the fast food industry.
Burger King, on the other hand, has adopted a strategy of emphasizing its menu items, rather than its low prices.
The company has invested heavily in the quality of its ingredients and the taste of its products, as well as its marketing and advertising campaigns. Burger King also offers a wide range of limited time offers, allowing customers to sample its products.
Comparing the two strategies, McDonald's focuses on offering low prices and large menu selections, while Burger King focuses on emphasizing its menu items and quality ingredients.
Both companies have achieved success in their own respective ways and continue to remain competitive in the industry.
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Discuss the objectives of Research and the Research methodology
adopted in the Investigation on Airline service quality and
passenger satisfaction in the UAE with reference to Emirates
Airlines and Fl
The objective of the research on airline service quality and passenger satisfaction in the UAE with reference to Emirates Airlines and FlyDubai is to measure and analyze the level of satisfaction of passengers.
It also identify areas of improvement and determine what airlines can do to improve the overall quality of their services.
To achieve this objective, the research adopted a quantitative research methodology which involved the collection and analysis of both primary and secondary data.
Primary data was collected from a survey of Emirates Airlines and FlyDubai passengers, while secondary data was collected from the airlines’ websites and published sources.
The survey was conducted online, and respondents were asked to rate their overall satisfaction with the airline's services in different categories such as boarding, in-flight entertainment, cabin crew service, seat comfort, etc.
The collected data was then analyzed to determine the overall satisfaction level of passengers and identify areas of improvement.
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Let's discuss the political, economic, and legal systems of some countries around the world. Sharing how other countries approach their politics, handled their economy, and what laws govern them can be interesting in comparison to the United States.Choose a foreign country.Research and discuss the triumvirate of political, economic, and legal systems in the country that you chose.Discuss how these factors can affect economic progress.Include references
The political, economic, and legal systems of a country play a significant role in shaping its economic progress. In this answer, I will discuss these systems in Japan and how they affect the country's economic progress.
Political System: Japan operates under a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary government. The Emperor of Japan is the ceremonial head of state, while the Prime Minister is the head of government. The Japanese Diet, consisting of the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors, is the country's legislative body.
Economic System: Japan has a mixed economy, combining elements of a market economy with some government intervention. It is the third largest economy in the world by nominal GDP and is known for its highly developed industries, including automobiles, electronics, and robotics.
Legal System: Japan's legal system is based on civil law, with influences from German and French law. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country, and there are also district courts, family courts, and summary courts.
These systems play a significant role in Japan's economic progress. The stable political system allows for effective policymaking and implementation, while the mixed economy allows for a balance between free market principles and government intervention. The legal system also plays a role in protecting property rights and enforcing contracts, which are important for economic growth.
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Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper that analyzes the differences between generally accepted accounting principles for public and private colleges and universities.
Explain why it is important to identify whether the institution is Public or Private.
Clarify which of the two—public or private—follow the same reporting guidelines as nongovernmental not-for-profit organizations.
Analyze, in general terms, the financial statements that must be prepared by a private college or university and those that must be prepared by a public college or university.
Identify the major format differences in financial reporting for public and private colleges and universities.
Formulate an opinion about which statement provides more transparent information regarding revenues and on the amounts of restricted resources.
It is important to identify whether a college or university is public or private as the two generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for public and private institutions are different. Private colleges and universities must follow the same reporting guidelines as nongovernmental not-for-profit organizations, while public colleges and universities are subject to certain additional standards.
The financial statements that must be prepared by a private college or university include a statement of financial position, statement of activities, statement of cash flows, and a statement of functional expenses. A public college or university must also prepare a statement of net assets, statement of revenue and expense, statement of changes in net assets, and a statement of cash flows.
The major format differences in financial reporting for public and private colleges and universities include the amount of information provided in the statements and the type of classification and presentation of items. For example, public colleges and universities must provide more detailed information on revenues and restricted resources than private colleges and universities. Additionally, public colleges and universities typically classify and present items in a more sophisticated manner than private colleges and universities.
In general, the financial statement of a public college or university provides more transparent information regarding revenues and the amounts of restricted resources than the financial statement of a private college or university. Therefore, public colleges and universities are generally more transparent when it comes to financial reporting.
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The following is the unadjusted Trial Balance of Mohammad Abdullah Electric Homes for the year ended December 31, 2021 Mohammad Abdullah Electric Homes December 31, 2021 Unadjusted Footprint Balance Cash $200,000 10,000 Accounts Receivable 1,000 Supplies Prepaid Insurance 12,000 Equipment 80,000 Accumulated depreciation-Equipment $5,000 15,000 Accounts payable Unearned service revenue 6,000 Loans payable 50,000 Owner's Equity 184,000 Owner's Drawings 2,000 Service Revenue 55,000 Wages expense 8,000 Cleaning costs 2,000 $315,000 $315,000 Other data: 1. Inventory on hand was disclosed on December 31, $300. 2. Prepaid insurance has been paid on July 1, 2021 for 12 months. 3. Interest expense on loan debt for the last 4 months. The quarterly interest rate is 3%. 4. Payroll expense per day is $500, December 31 is a Wednesday. Employees are paid on Monday for the previous 5-day work week. 5. One-third of unearned service fees have been earned. Requirements: a) Make adjusting entries for the year ended December 31, 2021. [5] b) Complete the worksheet for the year ended December 31, 2021.
To adjust the accounts in the unadjusted trial balance, we need to make adjusting entries for the prepaid insurance, unearned service revenue, loan payable, wages expense, and inventory. After completing the worksheet and entering the adjusting entries, the adjusted trial balance shows a net income of $47,950 for the year ended December 31, 2021.
a) To make adjusting entries for the year ended December 31, 2021, we need to adjust the accounts listed in the unadjusted trial balance.
1. To adjust the prepaid insurance, we need to record the expired insurance by debiting Prepaid Insurance for $10,000 and crediting Insurance Expense for the same amount.
2. To adjust the unearned service revenue, we need to recognize the earned revenue by debiting Service Revenue for $4,000 and crediting Unearned Service Revenue for the same amount.
3. To adjust the loan payable, we need to recognize the accrued interest expense by debiting Interest Expense for $1,200 and crediting Loan Payable for the same amount.
4. To adjust the wages expense, we need to recognize the accrued wages expense by debiting Wages Expense for $250 and crediting Accrued Wages Payable for the same amount.
5. To adjust the inventory, we need to recognize the cost of goods sold by debiting Cost of Goods Sold for $300 and crediting Inventory for the same amount.
b) Completing the worksheet for the year ended December 31, 2021 requires us to enter the adjusting entries from above and calculate the net income.
The adjusted trial balance will be as follows:
Cash: $200,000
Accounts Receivable: $1,000
Supplies: $10,000
Prepaid Insurance: $2,000
Equipment: $80,000
Accumulated Depreciation - Equipment: $20,000
Accounts Payable: $6,000
Unearned Service Revenue: $2,000
Loans Payable: $50,000
Owner's Equity: $184,000
Owner's Drawings: $2,000
Service Revenue: $59,000
Wages Expense: $8,250
Cleaning Costs: $2,000
Interest Expense: $1,200
Accrued Wages Payable: $250
Inventory: $0
Cost of Goods Sold: $300
Net Income = $59,000 - $8,250 - $2,000 - $1,200 + $250 - $300 = $47,950
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An organization selling soft toys is planning to engage its online consumers in a more effective manner through communication strategies. Explain any THREE (3) most appropriate digital communication tools that can utilized to achieve this objective. Illustrate your answer by describing the applicability for each chosen tool.
The organization selling soft toys can utilize the following three (3) digital communication tools to engage its online consumers more effectively:
Using these digital communication tools, the organization selling soft toys can create engaging and effective communication strategies that will allow them to reach out to and engage their online consumers.
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1. Raw data set for variables X and Y are: X:50,43, 45,60,38 For Y we have 23, 30,24, 20, 32. Compute the following a. The mean value of both variables X and Y b. The standard deviations (st.d) for X and Y c. The covariance of X and Y.
The mean value of X is 47.2, the mean value of Y is 25.8, the standard deviation of X is 3.636, the standard deviation of Y is 2.688, and the covariance of X and Y is -7.568.
We will first need to compute the mean values for X and Y, then compute the standard deviations for X and Y, and finally compute the covariance of X and Y.
a. The mean value of both variables X and Y:
The mean value for X can be computed by summing up the values of X and dividing by the number of values. The mean value for Y can be computed in the same way:
Mean value of X = (50 + 43 + 45 + 60 + 38) / 5 = 236 / 5 = 47.2
Mean value of Y = (23 + 30 + 24 + 20 + 32) / 5 = 129 / 5 = 25.8
b. The standard deviations (st.d) for X and Y:
The standard deviation for X can be computed by first finding the variance of X, which is the average of the squared differences between each value of X and the mean value of X. The standard deviation for Y can be computed in the same way:
Variance of X = ((50 - 47.2)^2 + (43 - 47.2)^2 + (45 - 47.2)^2 + (60 - 47.2)^2 + (38 - 47.2)^2) / 5 = 66.16 / 5 = 13.232
Standard deviation of X = sqrt(13.232) = 3.636
Variance of Y = ((23 - 25.8)^2 + (30 - 25.8)^2 + (24 - 25.8)^2 + (20 - 25.8)^2 + (32 - 25.8)^2) / 5 = 36.16 / 5 = 7.232
Standard deviation of Y = sqrt(7.232) = 2.688
c. The covariance of X and Y:
The covariance of X and Y can be computed by finding the average of the product of the differences between each value of X and the mean value of X, and each value of Y and the mean value of Y:
Covariance of X and Y = ((50 - 47.2)(23 - 25.8) + (43 - 47.2)(30 - 25.8) + (45 - 47.2)(24 - 25.8) + (60 - 47.2)(20 - 25.8) + (38 - 47.2)(32 - 25.8)) / 5 = -37.84 / 5 = -7.568
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You work as a logistics director for an international mining equipment company. You coordinate the transportation and deployment of equipment for various mining sites around the world. You are reviewing global mining trends to better anticipate future needs. What is the trend in gold exploration?
As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, gold exploration was experiencing a steady upward trend.
Despite the pandemic-induced market uncertainty and economic downturn, gold prices surged to record levels in 2020 as investors sought safe haven assets amidst the uncertainty. This increase in demand for gold has driven exploration efforts in many parts of the world, with companies seeking to capitalize on the high prices by discovering new gold deposits.
In terms of geographic trends, the majority of gold exploration activity is concentrated in regions known for their gold reserves, such as the Americas, Australia, and Africa. In some cases, companies are exploring new regions or reviving old mines that were previously thought to be unviable due to low gold prices or other factors. In addition to traditional mining methods, companies are also exploring new technologies such as autonomous drilling and data analytics to optimize exploration efforts and increase efficiency. This is especially important given the rising costs of exploration and the need to balance profitability with sustainability.
Overall, while the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mining industry, the trend in gold exploration remains positive as companies seek to meet the demand for this precious metal and capitalize on the high prices.
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The Production manager of a paper manufacturing company must determine the daily product mix for a new paper and board plant. This plant produces four products: foot-board, container-board, book paper and coarse paper. The sales department had established the following maximum daily demand and sales prices:
Foot board 60 tons/day Rs. 2,050/- per ton
Container board 120 tons/day Rs. 1,100/- per ton
Book paper 25 tons/day Rs. 1,700/- per ton
Coarse paper 30 tons/day Rs. 1,550/- per ton
The first step in the manufacture of these products is the purchase of the wood to be chipped and pulped. Hardwood can be purchased for Rs. 234/- per cord; Soft-wood costs Rs. 260/- per cord (There is approximately 1.3 tons in a cord of either type of wood). The available local supply is limited to 200 tons per day of hardwood and 350 tons a day of softwood.
Hardwood and softwood are chipped and pulped separately. The equipment has a total output capacity of 235 tons per day of pulp, regardless of the type of wood being processed. The yield on hardwood is 47% (that is, the total tonnage of hardwood pulp is 47% of the hardwood tonnage fed into the process). The yield for softwood is 45%. The chipping and pulping process incurs a variable cost of Rs. 600/- per ton of pulp produced.
A portion of the pulp is used directly in producing the final products and the remaining portion is bleached first. The stream of unbleached pulp going directly into the paper and board machines is composed (by weight) of 60% hardwood pulp and 40% softwood pulp. The stream of pulp going into the Bleacher consists of 50% hardwood and 50% softwood pulp. Bleaching adds a variable cost of Rs. 100/- per ton of bleached pulp produced. The bleacher yield is 98% and has a daily output capacity of 80 tons.
The bleached and unbleached pulps are mixed in fixed proportions for each of the final products. Information regarding quantities of bleached and unbleached pulp required to produce one ton of each of the final products is given below.
A board machine is used to produce container board and foot board. A variable cost of Rs. 50/- is incurred from production of a ton of either product; the board machine has an output capacity of 190 tons per day. A paper machine is used to produce book paper and coarse paper. A variable cost of Rs. 50/- is incurred from production of a ton of either product, and the machine has an output capacity of 60 tons per day.
To determine the daily product mix, we need to consider the following factors:
Maximum daily demand and sales prices for each product.
Available local supply of hardwood and softwood.
Output capacity of chipping and pulping equipment.
Yield and variable cost of pulp production.
Proportion of bleached and unbleached pulp required for each final product.
Output capacity and variable cost of board and paper machines.
Let's start by calculating the maximum revenue that can be generated from each product:
Foot-board: 60 tons/day x Rs. 2,050/- per ton = Rs. 1,23,000/-
Container-board: 120 tons/day x Rs. 1,100/- per ton = Rs. 1,32,000/-
Book paper: 25 tons/day x Rs. 1,700/- per ton = Rs. 42,500/-
Coarse paper: 30 tons/day x Rs. 1,550/- per ton = Rs. 46,500/-
Next, we need to determine the available local supply of hardwood and softwood:
Hardwood: 200 tons/day
Softwood: 350 tons/day
We also need to calculate the total output capacity of chipping and pulping equipment:
Total output capacity: 235 tons/day
Now, we can calculate the total pulp production from hardwood and softwood:
Hardwood pulp production: 200 tons/day x 47% yield = 94 tons/day
Softwood pulp production: 350 tons/day x 45% yield = 158 tons/day
Total pulp production: 94 tons/day + 158 tons/day = 252 tons/day
The variable cost of pulp production is Rs. 600/- per ton. Therefore, the total variable cost of pulp production is:
Total variable cost of pulp production: 252 tons/day x Rs. 600/- per ton = Rs. 1,51,200/-
Next, we need to calculate the proportion of bleached and unbleached pulp required for each final product:
Foot-board: 75% unbleached pulp + 25% bleached pulp
Container-board: 85% unbleached pulp + 15% bleached pulp
Book paper: 100% bleached pulp
Coarse paper: 100% bleached pulp
Using the above proportions, we can calculate the amount of bleached and unbleached pulp required for each final product:
Foot-board: (60 tons/day x 75%) / 100 = 45 tons/day unbleached pulp + (60 tons/day x 25%) / 100 = 15 tons/day bleached pulp
Container-board: (120 tons/day x 85%) / 100 = 102 tons/day unbleached pulp + (120 tons/day x 15%) / 100 = 18 tons/day bleached pulp
Book paper: 25 tons/day x 100% = 25 tons/day bleached pulp
Coarse paper: 30 tons/day x 100% = 30 tons/day bleached pulp
We also need to calculate the output capacity and variable cost of board and paper machines:
Board machine: 190 tons/day x Rs. 50/- per ton = Rs. 9,500/- per day
Paper machine: 60 tons/day x Rs. 50/- per ton = Rs. 3,000/- per day
Finally, we can determine the daily product mix that maximizes revenue while respecting the constraints on wood supply and equipment capacity. We can use linear programming to solve this optimization problem. The objective function is the total
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Pelzer Printing Inc. has bonds outstanding with 9 years left to maturity. The bonds have an 9% annual coupon rate and were issued 1 year ago at their par value of $1,000. However, due to changes in interest rates, the bond's market price has fallen to $905.35. The capital gains yield last year was -9.465%.For the coming year, what is the expected current yield? (Hint: Refer to footnote 7 for the definition of the current yield and to Table 7.1.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.For the coming year, what is the expected capital gains yield? (Hint: Refer to footnote 7 for the definition of the current yield and to Table 7.1.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
The expected current yield for the coming year is 9.94%.
The expected capital gains yield for the coming year is 0%
The expected current yield for the coming year can be calculated as follows:
Current yield = Annual coupon payment / Current market price
= ($1,000 x 9%) / $905.35
= $90 / $905.35
= 0.0994
= 9.94%
Therefore, the expected current yield for the coming year is 9.94%.
The expected capital gains yield for the coming year can be calculated as follows:
Capital gains yield = (Expected price - Current price) / Current price
Since we are not given the expected price for the coming year, we cannot calculate the expected capital gains yield.
However, if we assume that the bond's market price will remain the same for the coming year, then the expected capital gains yield will be zero. This is because there will be no change in the bond's market price, and therefore no capital gain or loss.
Therefore, the expected capital gains yield for the coming year is 0%.
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Question #2 (45 marks) On January 1, 2019, Lissome Corp. issued $900,000 of 20-year, 11% bonds for $832,290, yielding a market (discount, yield) rate of 12%. Interest is payable semi-annually on June 30 and December 31. Required: a. Prepare journal entries to record the bond issuance. Prepare the 3-column amortization table for 4 periods. b. Prepare journal entries to record the semi-annual interest payment and discount amortization on (i) June30, 2019 and (ii) December 31, 2019. c. Lissome elected to report the bonds in its financial statements at fair market value. On December 31, 2019, these bonds were listed in the bond market at a price of 101 (or 101% of par value). What entry is required to adjust the reported value of these bonds to fair value? d. Determine the income statement effects of (b) and (c) for 2019. That is, the interest expense and any unrealized gain/loss. e. 20 marks A company issued $250,000 of 8%, 15-year bonds at 105 on July 1, 2007. Interest is payable semi-annually on December 31 and June 30. Through June 30, 2014, company amortized $5,186 of the bond premium. July 1, 2014, company retired the bond at 98. Required: Prepare the journal entries to record the (a) issue and (b) retirement of these bonds.
a. The journal entry to record the bond issuance would be:
Debit: Cash 832,290
Debit: Premium on Bonds Payable 67,710
Credit: Bonds Payable 900,000
The 3-column amortization table for 4 periods would look like this:
Period | Interest Expense | Amortization
1 | 99,000 | 16,452
2 | 99,000 | 16,452
3 | 99,000 | 16,452
4 | 99,000 | 16,452
b. The journal entries to record the semi-annual interest payment and discount amortization on (i) June 30, 2019 and (ii) December 31, 2019 would be:
(i) June 30, 2019:
Debit: Interest Expense 99,000
Credit: Cash 99,000
Debit: Premium on Bonds Payable 8,238
Credit: Interest Expense 8,238
(ii) December 31, 2019:
Debit: Interest Expense 99,000
Credit: Cash 99,000
Debit: Premium on Bonds Payable 8,238
Credit: Interest Expense 8,238
c. The entry to adjust the reported value of these bonds to fair value would be:
Debit: Bonds Payable 8,100
Credit: Premium on Bonds Payable 8,100
d. The income statement effects of (b) and (c) for 2019 would be:
Interest Expense: 198,000
Unrealized Gain/Loss: 8,100
e. The journal entries to record the (a) issue and (b) retirement of these bonds would be:
(a) Issue:
Debit: Cash 262,500
Debit: Discount on Bonds Payable 12,500
Credit: Bonds Payable 250,000
(b) Retirement:
Debit: Bonds Payable 250,000
Credit: Cash 245,000
Debit: Discount on Bonds Payable 5,000
Credit: Interest Expense 5,000
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Janice huffman has decided to start janice cleaning, a residential housecleaning service company. She is able to rent cleaning equipment at a cost of $600 per month. Labor costs are expected to be $50 per house cleaned and supplies are expected to cost $7 per house. Required determine the total expected cost of equipment rental and the average expected cost of equipment rental per house cleaned, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month. Is the cost of equipment a fixed or a variable cost? determine the total expected cost of labor and the average expected cost of labor per house cleaned, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month. Is the cost of labor a fixed or a variable cost? determine the total expected cost of supplies and the average expected cost of supplies per house cleaned, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month. Is the cost of supplies a fixed or a variable cost? determine the total expected cost of cleaning houses, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month. Determine the average expected cost per house, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month
Average expected cost per house:
If 10 houses are cleaned: $1,150 / 10 houses = $115 per houseIf 20 houses are cleaned: $2,200 / 20 houses = $110 per houseIf 30 houses are cleaned: $3,250 / 30 houses = $108.33 per houseWhat does "average cost per home" mean?"Average cost" is the total cost of a set of items or activities divided by the number of items or activities. It gives an idea of how much it costs on average to produce or perform each item or activity. For example, if you produce 10 items at a total cost of $100, the average cost per item is $10. Similarly, if you perform a service 20 times at a total cost of $500, the average cost per service is $25. The average cost is useful in determining the overall efficiency and profitability of a business, as well as in making pricing decisions.
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California Products Company has the capability of producing and selling four products. Each product has an annual demand potential (at current pricing and promotion levels), a variable contribution, and an annual fixed cost. The fixed cost can be avoided if the product is not produced at all. This information is summarized as follows:Product IProduct JProduct KProduct LDemand290,000200,00050,00070,000Contribution$1.20$1.80$2.30$3.00Fixed Cost$60,000$200,000$55,000$210,000Each product requires work on three machines. The standard productivities and capacities are as follows:Hours per 1,000 unitsMachineProduct IProduct JProduct KProduct LHours availableA3.2053.8467.6923.221,900B2.7474.8086.414.1121,900C1.9233.2059.6152.8151,900(a) Formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. Determine which products should be produced, and how much of each should be produced, in order to maximize profit contribution from these operations.
The MILP model can then be solved to determine which products should be produced, and how much of each should be produced, in order to maximize profit contribution from these operations. The objective function is: Maximize Z = 1.20x1 + 1.80x2 + 2.30x3 + 3.00x4
We can formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model, which seeks to maximize the contribution by finding an optimal production level of each product. The decision variables are xi, which represents the number of units of product i that should be produced (i=1,2,3,4, for products A, B, C, D, respectively). The objective function is:
Maximize Z = 1.20x1 + 1.80x2 + 2.30x3 + 3.00x4
subject to the following constraints:
A: x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 ≤ 290,000
B: x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 ≤ 200,000
C: x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 ≤ 50,000
D: x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 ≤ 70,000
E: 3.20x1 + 4.80x2 + 6.41x3 + 4.12x4 ≤ 1,900
F: 2.74x1 + 3.20x2 + 59.61x3 + 52.81x4 ≤ 1,900
G: 1.92x1 + 3.84x2 + 67.69x3 + 23.22x4 ≤ 1,900
H: x1, x2, x3, x4 ≥ 0
I: x1, x2, x3, x4 are integers
This MILP model can then be solved to determine which products should be produced, and how much of each should be produced, in order to maximize profit contribution from these operations.
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Rewrite the following sentence avoiding camouflaged verbs:
We will ask him to bring about a change in his work routine
The sentence without camouflaged verbs is We will request that he alters his work routine.
To rewrite the sentence avoiding camouflaged verbs, we need to identify the camouflaged verb and replace it with a more direct verb. In this case, the camouflaged verb is "bring about" which can be replaced with a more direct verb such as "make" or "create". Here is the rewritten sentence: "We will ask him to make a change in his work routine." Alternatively, you could also write: "We will ask him to create a change in his work routine." Both of these options avoid the use of camouflaged verbs and make the sentence more direct and concise.
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An organized view of the investment process involves analysing the basic nature of investment decisions and organising the activities in the decision process
Discuss TWO (2) fundamentals of investment decisions that could be made by an investor.
The two fundamentals of investment decisions that could be made by an investor are:
1. Risk Assessment: An investor must evaluate the potential risks associated with an investment before making a decision. This involves analyzing the potential for loss in the investment and determining if the potential return is worth the risk. An investor should consider the overall risk of the investment, including the potential for loss of principal, the volatility of the investment, and the potential for liquidity risk.
2. Return Expectations: An investor must also consider the potential return on an investment before making a decision. This involves analyzing the potential for growth or income from the investment, as well as the potential for capital gains.
An investor should consider the overall return potential of the investment, including the potential for dividend or interest income, the potential for appreciation in the value of the investment, and the potential for capital gains tax benefits.
In conclusion, an investor must consider both the potential risks and the potential return of an investment before making a decision. By analyzing these two fundamentals, an investor can make an informed decision about the potential for success of an investment.
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Find the annual fire insurance premium for the following. Ritkin Drug & Gift Shop has an insurable loss of $270,000, while having insurance coverage beyond coinsurance requirements. The insurance is divided between Company A with $300,000 coverage, Company B with $200,000 coverage, and Company C with $500,000 coverage. Find the amount of loss paid by Company A
To find the amount of loss paid by Company A, we need to first determine the percentage of the total coverage that Company A provides.
The total coverage provided by all three companies is $300,000 + $200,000 + $500,000 = $1,000,000.
Therefore, Company A's percentage of the total coverage is:
$300,000 / $1,000,000 = 0.3 or 30%
Next, we need to determine the amount of the loss that Company A is responsible for. Since the total insurable loss is $270,000, Company A is responsible for 30% of that amount, which is:
0.30 x $270,000 = $81,000
Therefore, Company A will pay $81,000 towards the insurable loss, while Companies B and C will pay the remaining amounts based on their coverage percentages.
To find the annual fire insurance premium, we need to know the rate at which the insurance companies charge for their coverage. This information is typically provided in terms of a percentage of the insurable value of the property being insured. For example, if the insurance rate is 0.5%, then the annual premium would be 0.5% x $270,000 = $1,350.
However, since we do not have information about the insurance rate, we cannot calculate the annual premium. This information would need to be obtained from the insurance companies providing the coverage.
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1) Using the General Journal tab, click Add Transaction to journalize each transaction. Click Post Transaction once you complete the entry, then repeat these steps for each transaction.
2) Click the Reports tab and review the results of recording these transactions on the General Ledger.
3) Under the Reports tab, review the Trial Balance generated as a result of recording these transactions.
4) Using the General Journal tab, click Add Transaction to journalize each adjusting entry needed. Click Post Transaction once you complete the entry, then repeat these steps for each additional adjusting entry.
5) Click the Reports tab and review the adjusted Trial Balance generated as a result of preparing the adjusting entries in Requirement 3.
6) Under the Reports tab, review the Income Statement and Balance Sheet generated as a result of recording these transactions.
7) Based on the adjusted Trial Balance, prepare the necessary closing entries on January 31. Be sure to click the checkbox indicating that each transaction is a closing entry.
8) Click the Reports tab and review the post-closing Trial Balance generated as a result of preparing the closing entries in Requirement 7.
9) Click Submit Work when complete.
By following these steps, you will be able to accurately record transactions, prepare adjusting entries, and generate reports for General Ledger, Trial Balance, Income Statement, and Balance Sheet.
To complete the tasks outlined in the question, you should follow the steps below:
1) On the General Journal tab, click the "Add Transaction" button to journalize each transaction. After you have completed the entry, click the "Post Transaction" button. Repeat these steps for each transaction.
2) Click the "Reports" tab to review the results of recording these transactions on the General Ledger.
3) Under the "Reports" tab, review the Trial Balance generated as a result of recording these transactions.
4) On the General Journal tab, click the "Add Transaction" button to journalize each adjusting entry needed. After you have completed the entry, click the "Post Transaction" button. Repeat these steps for each additional adjusting entry.
5) Click the "Reports" tab to review the adjusted Trial Balance generated as a result of preparing the adjusting entries in Requirement 3.
6) Under the "Reports" tab, review the Income Statement and Balance Sheet generated as a result of recording these transactions.
7) Based on the adjusted Trial Balance, prepare the necessary closing entries on January 31. Be sure to click the checkbox indicating that each transaction is a closing entry.
8) Click the "Reports" tab to review the post-closing Trial Balance generated as a result of preparing the closing entries in Requirement 7.
9) Click the "Submit Work" button when you are finished.
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I need to Evaluate Home depot 2017 economic conditions that influence company performance. Consider political, environmental, currency (money), global economics, and government influences on economic conditions.
To evaluate Home Depot's 2017 economic conditions that influenced company performance, it is important to consider the political, environmental, currency (money), global economics, and government influences on economic conditions.
Political Influence: Home Depot's 2017 financial performance was largely impacted by the political environment in the United States. This year saw the U.S. federal government pass a new tax law, which caused an overall increase in consumer spending, which in turn increased the demand for home improvement supplies and boosted Home Depot's profits.
Environmental Influence: Home Depot also benefited from a milder than expected winter, which allowed for a longer sales season and increased demand for home improvement supplies.
Currency Influence: Home Depot also had to contend with the U.S. dollar's strength against other currencies, which reduced the price of some of its imported materials, thus increasing its profits.
Global Economics Influence: Home Depot also had to account for the increasing global demand for its products, which it was able to capitalize on by expanding its product lines and entering new markets.
Government Influence: Home Depot also had to take into account the actions of the U.S. government, such as increased tariffs and regulations, which had an impact on the cost of its products.
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What does it mean when an asset is referred to as acurrent asset?What does it mean to reconcile a bankaccount?
1 - A current asset is an asset that can be converted to cash or used to pay current liabilities within one year.
2 - To reconcile a bank account is to compare the account balance on a bank statement with the corresponding amount in the company’s accounting records.
A current asset is an asset that is expected to be converted to cash or used in the business within one year or one operating cycle, whichever is longer. Current assets include cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and other assets that can be easily converted to cash within one year. Current assets are important to a business because they are used to pay for the day-to-day operations of the business and to meet short-term obligations.
Reconciling a bank account means comparing the transactions recorded in your business's accounting records with the transactions listed on your bank statement. The goal of reconciliation is to identify any discrepancies between the two records and make any necessary adjustments to ensure that both sets of records are accurate. Reconciliation is important because it helps to identify any errors or fraudulent activity in your business's accounting records or bank account.
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Firstly, you push the boxes to the right as far as possible, so each box moves right until it hits an obstacle, another box, or the right edge of the board. Then, you push the boxes down as far as possible, so each box moves down until it hits an obstacle, another box, or the bottom of the board
This is a common strategy used in puzzle games like Sokoban and is known as the "push and slide" technique.
By pushing the boxes to the right and then down, you can create more space on the board and clear a path for the remaining boxes.
The first step is to identify which boxes can be moved to the right. Look for boxes that are not blocked by other boxes or obstacles and have enough space to move. Once you have identified these boxes, start pushing them to the right as far as possible. If a box hits an obstacle or another box, stop pushing it and move on to the next box.
After all the boxes that can be moved to the right have been pushed, the next step is to push them down. Look for boxes that are not blocked by other boxes or obstacles in the column below them. Once you have identified these boxes, start pushing them down as far as possible. If a box hits an obstacle or another box, stop pushing it and move on to the next box.
By using this technique, you can create more space on the board and make it easier to move the remaining boxes. It is important to plan ahead and think about the consequences of each move, as pushing a box in the wrong direction can make it impossible to solve the puzzle. With practice and patience, you can master the push and slide technique and solve even the most challenging puzzles.
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Calculate the present value & then future value at the end of period 6 for each of the following cash flows streams. Assume an interest rate of 8%. Period A B с 1 $400 $375 $150 $450 2 $400 $375 $240 $450 3 $400 $375 $220 -$185 4 $400 $375 $175 $90 5 $500 $375 $230 $240 6 $500 $375 $180 $270 D 7. Having just won a crossword puzzle contest, you may take your prize in any of three cash flow patterns. If money is worth 20% per year to you, which pattern would you most prefer? Which pattern would you least prefer? Pattern A B с 1 $200 0 0 2 $200 0 0 YEARS 3 $200 $1,000 $400 4 $200 0 $400 5 $200 0 $400 8. How much money must be invested each year in a sinking fund earning 7% per annum in order to have $30,000 accumulated after 15 years? 9. Calculate the Present Value of the following mixed Streams assuming discount rate is 12%, Years 1 through 5 6 through 9 10 through 15 Cash Flows $6,000 per year $5,000 per year $8,000 per year
The present value of the mixed streams is $49,306.18.
The present value (PV) and future value (FV) of the cash flows streams can be calculated using the following formulas:
PV = C / (1 + r) ^t
FV = C * (1 + r) ^t
Where C is the cash flow, r is the interest rate, and t is the time period.
For period A:
PV1 = 400 / (1 + 0.08) ^1 = $370.37
FV1 = 400 * (1 + 0.08) ^1 = $432
PV2 = 400 / (1 + 0.08) ^2 = $342.95
FV2 = 400 * (1 + 0.08) ^2 = $466.56
PV3 = 400 / (1 + 0.08) ^3 = $317.36
FV3 = 400 * (1 + 0.08) ^3 = $504.29
PV4 = 400 / (1 + 0.08) ^4 = $293.85
FV4 = 400 * (1 + 0.08) ^4 = $544.63
PV5 = 500 / (1 + 0.08) ^5 = $340.64
FV5 = 500 * (1 + 0.08) ^5 = $734.66
PV6 = 500 / (1 + 0.08) ^6 = $315.41
FV6 = 500 * (1 + 0.08) ^6 = $793.83
The same calculations can be done for periods B, C, and D.
For the crossword puzzle contest question, we can calculate the present value of each pattern and compare them to determine which one is the most preferred and least preferred.
PV_A = 200 / (1 + 0.2)^1 + 200 / (1 + 0.2)^2 + 200 / (1 + 0.2)^3 + 200 / (1 + 0.2)^4 + 200 / (1 + 0.2)^5 = $686.87
PV_B = 1000 / (1 + 0.2)^3 = $578.70
PV_C = 400 / (1 + 0.2)^3 + 400 / (1 + 0.2)^4 + 400 / (1 + 0.2)^5 = $858.07
Based on the present value calculations, pattern C is the most preferred and pattern B is the least preferred.
For the sinking fund question, we can use the formula:
FV = P * [(1 + r)^t - 1] / r
Where P is the annual payment, r is the interest rate, and t is the time period. Rearranging the formula to solve for P, we get:
P = FV * r / [(1 + r)^t - 1]
P = 30000 * 0.07 / [(1 + 0.07)^15 - 1] = $1144.61
For the present value of the mixed streams question, we can use the formula PV = C / (1 + r)^t for each time period and sum them up.
PV = 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^1 + 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^2 + 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^3 + 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^4 + 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^5 + 5000 / (1 + 0.12)^6 + 5000 / (1 + 0.12)^7 + 5000 / (1 + 0.12)^8 + 5000 / (1 + 0.12)^9 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^10 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^11 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^12 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^13 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^14 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^15 = $49,306.18
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briefly explain why company valuation is influenced by capital
structure decisions.
Company valuation is influenced by capital structure decisions because the composition of a company's debt and equity directly affects its risk profile and the cost of capital.
A company's debt-to-equity ratio affects its credit rating, which in turn affects the cost of borrowing and the amount of interest paid on debt. Furthermore, the more debt a company has, the more risk it has in the eyes of investors, which affects its overall valuation.
Ultimately, a company's capital structure decision can have a significant impact on its valuation; if the company chooses to finance operations with more debt, its cost of capital will be lower but the company will carry more risk and its valuation will be lower. Thus, it is important for a company to consider its capital structure decisions carefully in order to maximize its valuation.
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Sandi, Jin and Nika owns and operates a bakeshop. Sandi purchased all the ingredients they will need for their products amounting to 63,440. Nika used half of the ingredients to bake the products they will sell for the day. Jin was able to sell all the products Nika made for 52,125. Compute for the % Margin of the products they sold for that day.
Accoding to the question, Sandi, Jin and Nika owns and operates a bakeshop. Sandi purchased all the ingredients they will need for their products amounting to 63,440. Nika used half of the ingredients to bake the products they will sell for the day. Jin was able to sell all the products Nika made for 52,125. The % Margin of the products they sold for that day is 64.2%.
Let's find the total cost of all the ingredients first. The cost of the ingredients was 63,440. Then, Nika used half of the ingredients to bake the products so we can calculate the cost of the products by dividing the cost of the ingredients by 2:
63,440 / 2 = 31,720
Then, Jin was able to sell all the products Nika made for 52,125. So, the margin of the products sold is the difference between the cost of the products and the amount sold:
52,125 - 31,720 = 20,405
Finally, to find the % Margin of the products sold for that day, we need to divide the margin by the cost of the products and multiply by 100:
20,405 / 31,720 x 100 = 64.2%
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1. You have just taken our a $28,000 car loan with a 6% APR, compounded monthly. The loan is for five years. When you make your first payment in one month, how much of the payment will go toward the principal of the loan and how much will go toward interest?
When you make your first payment $___________ will go toward the principal of the loan and $ _________ will go toward the interest.
2. You have found three investment choices for one-year deposit: 9.4% APR compounded monthly, 9.4% APR compounded annually, and 8.7% APR compounded daily. Compute the EAR for each investment choice. (Assume the there are 365 days in the year) (Note: not to around any intermediate steps less than six decimal places)
The EAR for the first investment choice is _____ % (Round to three decimal)
The EAR for the second investment choice is _____ % (Round to three decimal)
The EAR for the third investment choice is _____ % (Round to three decimal)
1. To find out how much of the first payment will go toward the principal and how much will go toward interest, we can use the following formula:
Monthly Payment = (Loan Amount * Monthly Interest Rate) / (1 - (1 + Monthly Interest Rate)^(-Number of Months))
Monthly Interest Rate = APR / 12 = 6% / 12 = 0.5%
Number of Months = 5 years * 12 months = 60 months
Monthly Payment = ($28,000 * 0.005) / (1 - (1 + 0.005)^(-60)) = $540.34
To find out how much of the first payment will go toward interest, we can multiply the loan amount by the monthly interest rate:
Interest Portion = Loan Amount * Monthly Interest Rate = $28,000 * 0.005 = $140
To find out how much of the first payment will go toward the principal, we can subtract the interest portion from the monthly payment:
Principal Portion = Monthly Payment - Interest Portion = $540.34 - $140 = $400.34
So, when you make your first payment, $400.34 will go toward the principal of the loan and $140 will go toward interest.
2. To compute the EAR for each investment choice, we can use the following formula:
EAR = (1 + APR / n)^n - 1
Where APR is the annual percentage rate and n is the number of compounding periods per year.
For the first investment choice, APR = 9.4% and n = 12 (compounded monthly):
EAR = (1 + 0.094 / 12)^12 - 1 = 0.0976 = 9.76%
For the second investment choice, APR = 9.4% and n = 1 (compounded annually):
EAR = (1 + 0.094 / 1)^1 - 1 = 0.094 = 9.4%
For the third investment choice, APR = 8.7% and n = 365 (compounded daily):
EAR = (1 + 0.087 / 365)^365 - 1 = 0.0907 = 9.07%
So, the EAR for the first investment choice is 9.76%, the EAR for the second investment choice is 9.4%, and the EAR for the third investment choice is 9.07%.
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When a company sells phones bundled with a one-year service contract, the portion of revenue allocated to the one-year service contract is recognized
Under the accrual accounting method, the portion of revenue allocated to the one-year service contract is recognized over the course of the contract period.
What is the accrual accounting method?The accrual accounting method is a widely used accounting method that recognizes revenues and expenses when they are earned or incurred, regardless of when cash is received or paid.
Typically, when a company sells phones bundled with a one-year service contract, the revenue from the sale is allocated between the phone and the service contract.
The portion of revenue allocated to the phone is recognized immediately upon the sale, while the portion of revenue allocated to the service contract is recognized over the course of the contract period, typically one year.
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A. Explain and Evaluate Bowman’s Strategic Clock and Porter’s generic business strategies. Critically compare the two business strategy tools. (900 words – 50 marks)
B. Apply Bowman’s Strategic Clock to a business of your choice that operates within the UK (the business should be related to your strand of study) and assess their current UK market position. Identify and outline any feasible alternative strategies available to them to grow the market share in the UK. Use a suitable strategic tool to form the basis of the recommendations. (900 words – 50 marks)
A. Bowman's Strategic Clock and Porter's generic business strategies are two important tools that are commonly used in the world of business strategy. Bowman's Strategic Clock is a model that looks at how to compete in terms of cost and quality. Porter's generic business strategies, on the other hand, examine how to gain a competitive advantage in the market.
Bowman's Strategic Clock is a model that looks at how to price and differentiate a product or service in order to compete in the market. It outlines 8 strategies that can be used to price a product or service: Value for Money, Lower Price, Price Matching, Premium Price, Performance Price, Captive Price, Penetration Price, and Price Skimming.
Porter's generic business strategies are a set of five strategies that look at how to gain a competitive advantage in the market. These include Cost Leadership, Differentiation, Focus, Low Cost Provider, and Differentiation Focus. The focus of these strategies is to achieve a competitive advantage by either being the lowest cost provider in the market or offering a unique, higher quality product or service.
When comparing the two business strategy tools, it can be seen that they both focus on how to gain a competitive advantage. However, Bowman's Strategic Clock looks at how to price a product or service while Porter's generic business strategies look at how to differentiate a product or service. Both tools can be used in combination to gain a competitive edge in the market.
B. Applying Bowman's Strategic Clock to a business operating in the UK, we can assess their current market position. For example, if a business is operating in the retail sector, then they may be using a Value for Money or Lower Price strategy to compete in the market. This means that the business is trying to offer customers the best value for their money. In order to increase market share in the UK, the business could consider using a Premium Price strategy. This would involve pricing their products at a higher rate than their competitors and offering higher quality products.
In addition to using Bowman's Strategic Clock, a suitable strategic tool that can be used to form recommendations for a business operating in the UK is SWOT Analysis. This involves identifying and analyzing a company's Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats in order to identify areas for improvement. Using this tool, a business can identify areas where they can capitalize on their strengths and opportunities to increase their market share in the UK.
In conclusion, Bowman's Strategic Clock and Porter's generic business strategies are two important business strategy tools that can be used to gain a competitive advantage in the market. When applied to a business operating in the UK, they can be used to assess their current market position and identify feasible strategies to increase their market share. In addition, SWOT Analysis can be used to form recommendations to capitalize on a company's strengths and opportunities.
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What are the different classifications of consumer goods? Give
an example for each in the time of COVID-19. How are they important
in these times?
Consumer goods can be classified into three main categories: Durables, Non-Durables, and Services. Durables are products that are expected to last for more than one year, such as automobiles and furniture. Non-Durables are products that are expected to last less than one year, such as food and toiletries. Services are intangible products such as online streaming services and ride-sharing services.
An example of durables in the time of COVID-19 could be a laptop for remote work or school. An example of non-durables in the time of COVID-19 could be a box of facial tissues. An example of a service in the time of COVID-19 could be video conferencing software.
These consumer goods are important in these times because they provide people with the necessary items and services to navigate the current environment. With services, people can keep in touch with others and stay entertained while with durables and non-durables, people can purchase the items they need to sustain their lives.
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