The chemical reaction is
2 K + Na2O -> K2O + 2 Na
The given chemical equation represents a reaction between potassium (K) and sodium oxide (Na2O). The products formed in this reaction are potassium oxide (K2O) and sodium (Na).
On the reactant side, we have two atoms of potassium and two atoms of sodium, while on the product side, we have two atoms of potassium and two atoms of sodium as well.
Therefore, the equation is already balanced with respect to the number of potassium and sodium atoms.
However, we need to balance the oxygen atoms. On the reactant side, we have one molecule of Na2O, which contains two atoms of oxygen. On the product side, we have one molecule of K2O, which also contains two atoms of oxygen. Thus, the equation is balanced.
Finally, we can write the balanced equation as:
2 K + Na2O → K2O + 2 Na
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what is the unabbreviated electron configuration of oganesson
Answer: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6
Explanation:
if there's glass in the furnace how come the temperature of the glass doesn't rise
When glass is placed in a furnace, its temperature rises in tandem with the temperature of the furnace. This is due to the fact that glass is a good conductor of heat and will absorb heat from its surroundings. The temperature of the glass, however, will not continue to rise eternally.
When the glass's temperature hits its softening point, it begins to deform and lose its shape. The glass will become less dense and its heat conductivity will decrease at this stage. As a result, the glass will absorb less furnace heat and its temperature will begin to stabilize.
Furthermore, after being heated in the furnace, modern glass manufacturing procedures frequently use a controlled cooling process to progressively reduce the temperature of the glass. This reduces heat shock and ensures that the glass is adequately annealed to avoid cracks or fractures.
In conclusion, while the temperature of the glass will initially rise in a furnace, it will eventually settle, and the glass will not absorb heat indefinitely due to its thermal qualities and manufacturing process.
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If a person consumes 5. 33 × 105 kcal in a day and one barrel of oil can produce 3. 70 × 106 kcal, what is the equivalent of energy consumed per year by that person in terms of barrels of oil?
The person consumes approximately 144 barrels of oil equivalent energy per year.
To calculate the equivalent energy consumed by the person in barrels of oil per year, we need to divide the total energy consumed by the person in a year by the energy produced by one barrel of oil.
Energy consumed per year = 5.33 × 10⁵ kcal/day × 365 days = 1.94945 × 10⁸ kcal/year
Energy produced by one barrel of oil = 3.70 × 10⁶ kcal/barrel
Therefore, the equivalent energy consumed by the person in barrels of oil per year is:
1.94945 × 10⁸ kcal/year ÷ 3.70 × 10⁶ kcal/barrel = 52.6 barrels of oil/year
Rounding this to the nearest whole number, we get that the person consumes approximately 144 barrels of oil equivalent energy per year.
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15. The ionization potential ……………….. across the period from left to right whereas it as one moves from top to bottom.
(a) increases, decreases
(b) decreases, increases
(c) remains same
(d) None of these
(05.05 mc how many moles of water are produced when 5 moles of hydrogen gas react with 2 moles of oxygen gas? (5 points select one: a.2 moles of water b.4 moles of water c.5 moles of water d.7 moles of water
4 moles of water (option b) are produced when 5 moles of hydrogen gas react with 2 moles of oxygen gas.
To determine how many moles of water are produced when 5 moles of hydrogen gas react with 2 moles of oxygen gas, you need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:
2H₂ (hydrogen) + O₂ (oxygen) → 2H₂O (water)
From the equation, you can see that 2 moles of hydrogen gas react with 1 mole of oxygen gas to produce 2 moles of water. To find out how many moles of water are produced in your scenario:
Step 1: Determine the limiting reactant. Hydrogen is present in excess (5 moles) compared to oxygen (2 moles). Oxygen will be the limiting reactant since it is present in a smaller amount.
Step 2: Calculate the moles of water produced using the stoichiometric ratios in the balanced equation. Since 1 mole of oxygen gas can produce 2 moles of water, 2 moles of oxygen gas will produce:
2 moles O₂ × (2 moles H₂O / 1 mole O₂) = 4 moles of water
Therefore, the answer is b. 4 moles of water are produced.
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Mg(s) + HCl(aq) --->
a. Predict the products
b. Balance the equation
c. Explain what is going on in the reaction using a sentence equation.
d. How many moles of HCl are consumed by the reaction of 1. 54 moles of magnesium?
e. How many moles of Hare produced from gas when 2. 56 x 10(-7) grams of HCl is added to the reaction?
f. How many grams of magnesium are needed to react with 0. 03 moles of hydrochloric acid?
g. How many grams of hydrogen gas gets produced from 7. 92 grams of magnesium?
(WOULD MEAN ALOT IF SOMEONE CAN PLEASE ASSIST ME WITH THIS)
When magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid, magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas are produced according to the balanced chemical equation. The amount of reactants and products can be calculated using stoichiometry.
What is Mole?
In chemistry, mole is a unit of measurement used to express amounts of a chemical substance. One mole of a substance contains the same number of entities, such as atoms, molecules, or ions, as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12.
a. The products of the reaction between Mg(s) and HCl(aq) are MgCl2(aq) and H2(g).
b. The balanced chemical equation is: Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
c. In the reaction, solid magnesium (Mg) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce magnesium chloride (MgCl2) in solution and hydrogen gas (H2). The sentence equation for the reaction is: Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.
d. The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of Mg reacts with 2 moles of HCl. Therefore, if 1.54 moles of Mg reacts, it will consume 2 x 1.54 = 3.08 moles of HCl.
e. The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of HCl produces 1 mole of H2 gas. Therefore, 2.56 x 10(-7) grams of HCl will produce (1/36.46) x (2.56 x 10(-7)/1000) moles of H2 gas, which is approximately 7.01 x 10(-12) moles of H2 gas.
f. The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of Mg reacts with 2 moles of HCl. Therefore, to react with 0.03 moles of HCl, we need (0.03/2) moles of Mg, which is 0.015 moles of Mg. The mass of Mg needed can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass of Mg: 0.015 x 24.31 g/mol = 0.365 g of Mg.
g. The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of Mg produces 1 mole of H2 gas. Therefore, to produce 7.92 grams of H2 gas, we need (7.92/2) moles of Mg, which is 0.206 moles of Mg. The mass of Mg needed can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass of Mg: 0.206 x 24.31 g/mol = 5.00 g of Mg.
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
moving blood through your body
protecting soft body parts
supporting your body
providing a place for muscles to attach
Answer:
Moving blood through your body
Explanation:
Thats the job of vascular system IE heart arteries and veins.
The state of matter which has a definite shape but no definite volume is
(a) solid.
(b) liquid.
(c) gas.
(d) none of these
a 90.-ml sample of juice was titrated with the i2(aq) solution described above using a buret. the initial reading of the buret was 0.24 ml. when the endpoint was reached, the reading on the buret was 33.08 ml. how many mg of vitamin c were in the juice sample?
The juice sample contains 28,920 mg of vitamin C.
The amount of iodine used in the reaction can be calculated as:
I2 used = (final buret reading - initial buret reading) * 0.005 M
I2 used = (33.08 ml - 0.24 ml) * 0.005 M = 0.16392 moles
Since 1 mole of vitamin C reacts with 1 mole of iodine, the amount of vitamin C in the juice can be calculated as:
Vitamin C = I2 used * (1 mol of vitamin C / 1 mol of I2) * (176.12 g/mol)
Vitamin C = 0.16392 * (1 / 1) * (176.12 g/mol) = 28.92 g
Converting to milligrams:
Vitamin C = 28.92 g * 1000 mg/g = 28,920 mg
Therefore, the juice sample contains 28,920 mg of vitamin C.
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What is the volume of 0.78 mol of CO₂ gas at STP?
Answer: 17.49L
Explanation:
STP is 1atm and 273.15K
V=nRT/
V=(0.78)(0.0821)(273.15)/1
V= 17.49L
I need to produce 500 g of lithium oxide (li2o) how many grams of lithium and how many liters of oxygen do i need. the balanced equation is: li + o2 --> lio2
To produce 500 g of lithium oxide (Li2O), you will need 232.12 g of lithium (Li) and 187.38 L of oxygen (O2)
To produce 500 g of lithium oxide (Li2O), you'll first need to determine the required amounts of lithium (Li) and oxygen (O2) based on the balanced equation: 4Li + O2 --> 2Li2O.
1. Calculate the moles of Li2O needed:
Molar mass of Li2O = (2 * 6.94) + 16 = 29.88 g/mol
500 g Li2O / 29.88 g/mol = 16.73 moles Li2O
2. Calculate the moles of Li needed (using stoichiometry):
4 moles Li / 2 moles Li2O = 16.73 moles Li2O * (4 moles Li / 2 moles Li2O) = 33.46 moles Li
3. Calculate the mass of Li needed:
Molar mass of Li = 6.94 g/mol
33.46 moles Li * 6.94 g/mol = 232.12 g Li
4. Calculate the moles of O2 needed:
1 mole O2 / 2 moles Li2O = 16.73 moles Li2O * (1 mole O2 / 2 moles Li2O) = 8.365 moles O2
5. Calculate the volume of O2 needed (assuming standard temperature and pressure):
Molar volume of an ideal gas at STP = 22.4 L/mol
8.365 moles O2 * 22.4 L/mol = 187.38 L O2
In summary, to produce 500 g of lithium oxide (Li2O), you will need 232.12 g of lithium (Li) and 187.38 L of oxygen (O2).
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The normal recipe for preparing Kool-Aid® calls for adding the entire package and 1 cup of sugar to 2 quarts of water. Calculate the volume percent of this solution and determine which of your samples is the closest to the concentration of the recommended preparation. Again, assume that the weight of the drink mix is 0. 0 g. The total volume of the solution is 8 and 2/3 cups
The volume percent of the recommended Kool-Aid® solution is 2.29%.
To calculate the volume percent, we need to first calculate the total volume of the solution. 8 and 2/3 cups is equal to 69.33 fluid ounces (1 cup = 8.115 fluid ounces).
Next, we need to calculate the volume of the Kool-Aid® and sugar in the recommended recipe. The package of Kool-Aid® is assumed to have no weight, so we only need to consider the volume of the sugar. One cup of sugar is equal to 8.115 fluid ounces. Therefore, the total volume of the Kool-Aid® and sugar in the recommended recipe is 10.115 fluid ounces.
To find the volume percent, we divide the volume of the Kool-Aid® and sugar by the total volume of the solution and multiply by 100.
Volume percent = (10.115/69.33) x 100 = 14.6/2/3 %The sample with the closest concentration to the recommended preparation is the one with a volume percent of 2.29%, which is the same as the recommended preparation.
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You will use a filter funnel in this experiment to .
A filter funnel is used in laboratory experiments to separate a solid from a liquid mixture.
The funnel is designed with a conical shape and a narrow stem that fits into a filter paper, allowing the liquid to pass through while retaining the solid on top of the filter paper.
When using a filter funnel, it is important to wet the filter paper with the solvent before adding the mixture to prevent the filter paper from tearing or disintegrating.
The mixture is then poured into the funnel, and the liquid is allowed to filter through the paper into a receiving flask or beaker.
The filter funnel can be used for various applications, such as separating precipitates from a solution, isolating a solid product from a reaction mixture, or purifying a liquid by removing impurities.
The type of filter paper used will depend on the size of the particles being filtered and the solvent used.
It is important to handle the filter funnel with care to avoid spillage or breakage and to dispose of the solid waste properly after filtering.
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Answer:
separate cabbage from liquid
Explanation:
You will use a filter funnel in this experiment to
✔ separate cabbage from liquid
Please Help!!!! D:
A student runs tests on an unknown substance and discovers the following properties. What other property does this element most likely have?
A highly reactive
B low electronegativity
C has many isotopes
D not found pure in nature
The unknown substance most likely has property not found pure in nature.(D)
Since the substance has properties A (highly reactive) and B (low electronegativity), it's likely that it readily forms compounds with other elements, making it difficult to find in its pure form.
Highly reactive elements, such as alkali metals or halogens, are typically not found in nature in their pure state because they readily react with other elements to form stable compounds. Property C (has many isotopes) doesn't directly influence the substance's reactivity or occurrence in nature.(D)
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2 Ni(s) + 3 Br2(s)----> 2 NiBr3(s)
a. What has been oxidized?
b. What has been reduced
c. Qhat is the oxidizing agent?
d. What is the reducing agent
In the given reaction, nickel (Ni) has been oxidized while bromine (Br2) has been reduced.
In the given reaction, nickel (Ni) has been oxidized while bromine (Br2) has been reduced because nickel has lost electrons while bromine has gained electrons.
The oxidizing agent in the reaction is bromine (Br2) because it has gained electrons, which means it has undergone reduction. Bromine has a higher electronegativity than nickel, which allows it to pull electrons away from nickel and cause it to undergo oxidation.
The reducing agent in the reaction is nickel (Ni) because it has lost electrons, which means it has undergone oxidation. Nickel has a lower electronegativity than bromine, which makes it more likely to lose electrons and undergo oxidation.
Overall, the reaction represents a redox reaction, where one species (nickel) loses electrons and undergoes oxidation while the other species (bromine) gains electrons and undergoes reduction. This is an important process in many chemical reactions, including combustion, rusting, and many biological processes.
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calculate the molarity of 102.6 grams of sugar, C12H22O11 in 500. mL of solution
The molarity of the sugar solution is 0.5988 M (mol/L).
To calculate the molarity of a solution, we need to know the number of moles of solute (the substance being dissolved) and the volume of the solution in liters.
First, we need to determine the number of moles of sugar (C12H22O11) in the given mass of 102.6 grams:
The molar mass of C12H22O11 can be calculated as follows:
12(12.01 g/mol) + 22(1.01 g/mol) + 11(16.00 g/mol) = 342.3 g/mol
The number of moles of C12H22O11 in 102.6 grams can be calculated as:
102.6 g / 342.3 g/mol = 0.2994 mol
Next, we need to convert the volume of the solution from milliliters to liters:
mL = 0.5 L
Now we can calculate the molarity (M) of the solution:
M = moles of solute/liters of solution
M = 0.2994 mol / 0.5 L
M = 0.5988 M
Therefore, the molarity of the sugar solution is 0.5988 M (mol/L).
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2Al (s) + 3Cl2 (g) --> 2AlCl3 (s) (balanced)
When 52 grams of chlorine gas react, the actual yield is 42. 5 grams, what is the
percent yield?
The percent yield for the reaction is approximately is 65.12%.
To calculate the percent yield, we need to first find the theoretical yield and then compare it to the actual yield. Here's the solution:
1. Calculate the moles of Cl2:
52 g Cl2 * (1 mol Cl2 / 70.9 g Cl2) = 0.733 mol Cl2
2. Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation:
(0.733 mol Cl2) * (2 mol AlCl3 / 3 mol Cl2) = 0.489 mol AlCl3
3. Find the theoretical yield:
(0.489 mol AlCl3) * (133.3 g AlCl3 / 1 mol AlCl3) = 65.2 g AlCl3 (theoretical yield)
4. Calculate the percent yield:
(42.5 g AlCl3 (actual yield) / 65.2 g AlCl3 (theoretical yield)) * 100 = 65.12%
The percent yield for the reaction is approximately 65.12%.
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1. ) Use the rate law to explain quantitatively how decreasing the iodate ion concentration affects the rate of the iodine clock reaction? (State whether it doubles or triples, etc. )
2. ) Use the rate law to explain quantitatively how increasing the bisulfite ion concentration affects the rate of the iodine clock reaction? (Again, state whether it doubles or triples, etc. )
3. ) How would doubling the total volume of the solution by doubling the volume of water, iodate and bisulfite solutions affect the rate of the iodine clock reaction? Explain in full sentences.
4. ) Why is it important to record the temperature when you did not have to use it in any of your calculations? Explain in full sentences.
5. ) Explain, at the particulate level, why increasing the concentrations of the reactants
would cause an increase in the rate of the reaction. (Think carefully what is meant by
"at the particulate level. ")
1.) Decreasing the iodate ion concentration in the iodine clock reaction will decrease the reaction rate according to the rate law. If you halve the iodate ion concentration, the rate will also halve.
2.) Increasing the bisulfite ion concentration in the iodine clock reaction will increase the reaction rate according to the rate law. If you double the bisulfite ion concentration, the rate will double.
3.) Doubling the total volume of the solution by doubling the volume of water, iodate, and bisulfite solutions will not affect the rate of the iodine clock reaction because the concentrations of reactants will remain the same.
4.) Recording the temperature is important because the reaction rate is temperature-dependent, even though it was not used in calculations. A change in temperature can impact the rate, so it is important to note the temperature for consistent results.
5.) At the particulate level, increasing the concentrations of reactants increases the rate of the reaction because more particles are available to collide, leading to a higher probability of successful collisions and faster reaction.
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Calculate the pH of a solution
in which [H3O+] = 0. 050 M.
The pH of the solution is 1.30
To determine the pH of a solution, the formula:
pH = -log[H3O+]
Given a concentration of H3O+ in the solution as 0.050 M, substituting this value into the formula yields:
pH = -log(0.050)
By evaluating this expression using a calculator, the pH is found to be 1.30. This pH value indicates that the solution is acidic since it is less than 7. The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning that each unit change in pH corresponds to a tenfold change in the acidity or basicity of the solution. Consequently, a solution with a pH of 1 is ten times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 2, and a hundred times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 3, and so forth.
Therefore, a pH of 1.30 denotes a moderately acidic solution.
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Refute Dalton‟s Theory of “indivisible” atom using J.J. Thompson‟s and Rutherford Model of the atom.
Differentiate between the following.
The spectra line of white light and the spectral lines of elements. Ground state of an electron and the excited state
Calculate the wavelength the frequency and energy of the lines in the Balmer series when n2 = 3 and 5
The wave number of a line in the Lyman series is 10282383.75m-1
i. Calculate the frequency and energy of the series ii. Which line in the series is it?
Give reasons for the following: (i) The nucleus accounts for the mass of an atom. (ii) The number of protons tells us the name of the element. (iii) Atomic masses unlike the atomic numbers are not whole numbers.
6. Verify that the atomic mass of magnesium is 24.31, given the following: 24Mg= 23.985042amu, (78.99%) ; 25Mg= 24.985837 amu, (10.00% ); 26Mg= 25.982593, (11.01%)
Dalton's theory of the "indivisible" atom was refuted by the discovery of subatomic particles by J.J. Thompson and the Rutherford model.
Spectral lines of elements are discrete wavelengths of light, unlike the continuous spectrum of white light. Electrons in the ground state have the lowest energy, while those in the excited state have higher energy. The Balmer series produces specific wavelengths, frequencies, and energies when n2=3 and n1=2.
The wave number of a line in the Lyman series is 10282383.75 m^-1, with a frequency of 2.92 x 10^14 Hz and an energy of 1.94 x 10^-19 J. The nucleus accounts for an atom's mass, and the number of protons determines the element's identity.
Atomic masses are not whole numbers because they reflect the abundance of different isotopes. The atomic mass of magnesium is 24.31, calculated using the percent abundance and mass of each isotope.
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If you have 16 moles of o2 in a balloon what is the volume of oxygen in the balloon
If you have 16 moles of O2 in a balloon at 25°C and 1 atm, the volume of oxygen in the balloon is 390.5 liters.
The volume of oxygen in a balloon containing 16 moles of O2 depends on the temperature and pressure of the gas. To find the volume, we can use the ideal gas law equation PV = nRT, where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Assuming the temperature and pressure are constant, we can rearrange the equation to solve for volume: V = nRT/P. The value of R is 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K.
Let's assume that the temperature is 25°C, or 298 K, and the pressure is 1 atm. Plugging in the values, we get:
V = (16 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(298 K)/(1 atm)
V = 390.5 L
Therefore, if you have 16 moles of O2 in a balloon at 25°C and 1 atm, the volume of oxygen in the balloon is 390.5 liters.
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If 67. 8 moles of gas was measured out into a helium balloon how many molecules would be present within the balloon
Answer: 4.08 x 10^25 molecules
Explanation:
1 mole of a substance contains 6.022×10^23 molecules/atoms of that substance.
therefore:
67.8 x (6.022x10^23) = 4.08x10^25 molecules of helium
When solutions of two ionic compounds are combined and a solid forms, the process is called:.
The process described in the question is known as a precipitation reaction.
In a precipitation reaction, two aqueous solutions of ionic compounds are mixed together to form a solid compound called a precipitate. This occurs because the ions in the two solutions react with each other to form an insoluble product, which separates from the solution as a solid.
Precipitation reactions are commonly used in analytical chemistry to determine the presence or absence of certain ions in a solution. The reaction is usually identified by observing a change in the appearance of the solution, such as the formation of a cloudy or milky precipitate.
The chemical equation for a precipitation reaction can be written as:
[tex]AB(aq) + CD(aq) → AD(s) + CB(aq)[/tex]
where A, B, C, and D are ions, and (aq) and (s) denote aqueous and solid states, respectively.
Overall, precipitation reactions play an important role in chemical analysis and in the formation of minerals and other solids in natural processes.
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How many moles of aluminium are needed to react completely with 213 g CL2?
2.00 moles of aluminum are needed to react completely with 213 g of Cl₂.
How to get the number of molesPrior to calculating the moles of aluminum (Al) required for a complete reaction with 213 g chlorine gas (Cl₂), it is necessary to write and balance the Al and Cl₂ chemical equation:
2Al + 3Cl₂ → 2 AlCl₃.compute the quantity of Cl₂ in moles
molar mass of Cl₂
= 2 x atomic mass of Cl
= 2 x 35.45 g/mol
= 70.90 g/mol
To obtain moles of Cl₂ simply divide its mass by its molar weight as per this formula:
= 213 g / 70.90 g/mol = 3.00 mol.
moles of Al
= (moles of Cl₂ x 2) / 3
= (3.00 mol x 2) / 3
= 2.00 mol
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Example 13:0. 29 grams of a hydrocarbon with vapour density 29 when burnt completely in oxygen produce 448 ml of carbon dioxide at S. T. P. From the given information, calculate the (i) mass of carbon dioxide formed.
Answer:
0.779
Explanation:
Determine the molecular weight of the hydrocarbon. We know that its vapor density is 29, which means that one mole of the hydrocarbon has a mass of 29 grams. Therefore, the molecular weight of the hydrocarbon is 29 g/mol.
Calculate the number of moles of the hydrocarbon. We can use the formula:
moles = mass / molecular weight
Substituting the values, we get:
moles = 29 g / 29 g/mol = 1 mol
Therefore, we have one mole of the hydrocarbon.
Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of the hydrocarbon in oxygen. The general equation is:
hydrocarbon + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
For one mole of the hydrocarbon, we need one mole of oxygen to completely burn it. The balanced equation is:
CnHm + (n+m/4) O2 → n CO2 + m/2 H2O
Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide produced. We know that 1 mole of any gas at STP occupies 22.4 L. Therefore, one mole of carbon dioxide occupies 22.4 L. The volume of 448 ml of carbon dioxide at STP can be converted to liters:
448 ml = 0.448 L
The number of moles of carbon dioxide produced can be calculated using the ideal gas law:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure (1 atm), V is the volume (0.448 L), n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (0.0821 L atm/mol K), and T is the temperature (273 K). Substituting the values, we get:
n = PV/RT = (1 atm x 0.448 L) / (0.0821 L atm/mol K x 273 K) = 0.0177 mol
Therefore, 0.0177 moles of carbon dioxide are produced.
Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide produced. We can use the formula:
mass = moles x molecular weight
The molecular weight of carbon dioxide is 44 g/mol. Substituting the values, we get:
mass = 0.0177 mol x 44 g/mol = 0.779 g
Therefore, the mass of carbon dioxide produced is 0.779 grams.
The normal boiling point of water is 100. 0 °c and its molar enthalpy of vaporization is 40. 67 kj/mol. What is the change in entropy in the system in j/k when 39. 3 grams of steam at 1 atm condenses to a liquid at the normal boiling point?.
The change in entropy in the system when 39.3 grams of steam at 1 atm condenses to a liquid at the normal boiling point is 237.4 J/K.
The normal boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals the pressure of the surroundings. In the case of water, the normal boiling point is 100.0 °C at a pressure of 1 atm.
The molar enthalpy of vaporization is the amount of energy required to convert one mole of a liquid into a gas at a constant temperature and pressure. For water, this value is 40.67 kJ/mol.
To determine the change in entropy when 39.3 grams of steam at 1 atm condenses to a liquid at the normal boiling point, we can use the equation ΔS = q/T, where ΔS is the change in entropy, q is the heat transferred, and T is the temperature.
In this case, the heat transferred is equal to the molar enthalpy of vaporization multiplied by the number of moles of water condensed, which is equal to the mass of steam divided by the molar mass of water.
First, we need to convert the mass of steam to moles. The molar mass of water is 18.015 g/mol, so 39.3 g of steam is equal to 39.3/18.015 = 2.183 mol of water.
Next, we can calculate the heat transferred using the molar enthalpy of vaporization:
q = ΔHvap × n = 40.67 kJ/mol × 2.183 mol = 88.76 kJ
Finally, we can calculate the change in entropy:
ΔS = q/T = 88.76 kJ / (373.15 K) = 237.4 J/K
Therefore, the change in entropy in the system when 39.3 grams of steam at 1 atm condenses to a liquid at the normal boiling point is 237.4 J/K.
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What set of coefficients will balance the chemical equation below:
___NH3 (g) + ___O2 (g) ___H2O (l) + ___NO (g)
What set of coefficients will balance the chemical equation below:
___NH3 (g) + ___O2 (g) ___H2O (l) + ___NO (g)
A. 4,5,6,4
B. 2,3,1,1
C. 1,3,3,1
D. 4,3,1,4
A. 4,5,6,4 set of coefficients will balance the chemical equation below
4NH3 (g) + 5O2 (g) 6H2O (l) + 4NO (g)
What are the balancing coefficients?The coefficients necessary to balance a chemical equation are known as stoichiometric coefficients. These are crucial as they link the quantities of reactants consumed and the products produced. Because they are used to determine the equilibrium constants, the coefficients have a connection to them.
The coefficients, which may be modified to make the equation balanced, show how many of each substance is present during the reaction.
Given the amount of bonds each has, it makes reasonable that H2O has a bond order of 2, whereas NH3 has a bond order of 3.
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Identify whether the mixing of each pair of solutions results in a buffer Check all that apply. The mixing of Check all that apply. 100. 0 mL of 0. 10 M NH3 and 70. 0 mL of 0. 15 MNH4Cl 50. 0 mL of 0. 10 MHCl and 35. 0 mL of 0. 150 MNaOH 125. 0 mL of 0. 17 MNH3 and 160. 0 mL of 0. 20 MNaOH 155. 0 mL of 0. 10 MNH3 and 150. 0 mL of 0. 11 MNaOH 50. 0 mL of 0. 20 MHF and 20. 0 mL of 0. 20 MNaOH will result in a buffer
Only the first pair (100.0 mL of 0.10 M NH3 and 70.0 mL of 0.15 M NH4Cl) will result in a buffer solution.
A buffer solution is formed when a weak acid is mixed with its conjugate base or a weak base is mixed with its conjugate acid. Let's analyze each pair of solutions:
1. 100.0 mL of 0.10 M NH3 and 70.0 mL of 0.15 M NH4Cl: This mixture is a weak base (NH3) with its conjugate acid (NH4Cl). Therefore, it will result in a buffer.
2. 50.0 mL of 0.10 M HCl and 35.0 mL of 0.150 M NaOH: This mixture is a strong acid (HCl) and a strong base (NaOH), which will neutralize each other. It will not result in a buffer.
3. 125.0 mL of 0.17 M NH3 and 160.0 mL of 0.20 M NaOH: This mixture is a weak base (NH3) and a strong base (NaOH), which will not form a buffer.
4. 155.0 mL of 0.10 M NH3 and 150.0 mL of 0.11 M NaOH: This mixture is a weak base (NH3) and a strong base (NaOH), which will not form a buffer.
5. 50.0 mL of 0.20 M HF and 20.0 mL of 0.20 M NaOH: This mixture is a weak acid (HF) and a strong base (NaOH), which will not form a buffer.
In conclusion, only the first pair (100.0 mL of 0.10 M NH3 and 70.0 mL of 0.15 M NH4Cl) will result in a buffer solution.
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A 4. 0g sample of glass was heated from 5ᵒC to 45ᵒC after absorbing 32 J of heat. What is the specific heat of the glass?
The specific heat of the glass is 0.20 J/g°C.
To calculate the specific heat of the glass, we can use the formula:
q = m * c * ΔT
where q is the heat absorbed, m is the mass of the glass, c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
In this case, we know that the glass absorbed 32 J of heat, has a mass of 4.0g, and the temperature changed from 5ᵒC to 45ᵒC. So, we can plug in these values:
32 J = 4.0g * c * (45ᵒC - 5ᵒC)
Simplifying the equation, we get:
c = 32 J / (4.0g * 40ᵒC)
c = 0.20 J/g°C
Therefore, the specific heat of the glass is 0.20 J/g°C.
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Find the molarity of 4. 18 g MgCl2 in 500 mL of water
To find the molarity of 4.18 g MgCl2 in 500 mL of water, we first need to calculate the number of moles of MgCl2 present in the solution.
MgCl2 has a molar mass of 95.21 g/mol (Mg is 24.31 g/mol and Cl is 35.45 g/mol). Therefore, the number of moles of MgCl2 in 4.18 g is:
4.18 g / 95.21 g/mol = 0.04396 mol MgCl2
The solution's volume must then be changed from mL to L:
500 mL = 0.5 L
Finally, we can use the formula for molarity:
Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters
Molarity = 0.04396 mol / 0.5 L = 0.08792 M
Therefore, the molarity of 4.18 g MgCl2 in 500 mL of water is 0.08792 M.
What do you mean by molarity?
The number of moles of solute per liter of solution is known as molarity, which serves as a measurement of a solution's concentration. It is denoted by the symbol "M" and is expressed in units of moles per liter (mol/L).
Molarity is an important concept in chemistry, as it is used to measure the concentration of solutions in a variety of chemical reactions and processes. It is commonly used in stoichiometry calculations to determine the amount of reactants or products required in a chemical reaction, and is also used in titration experiments to determine the concentration of an unknown solution.
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