We use molality instead of molarity for our calculations because it is a more reliable measure of concentration, especially in cases where temperature changes can affect the volume of the solution.
Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent, whereas molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Since molality is based on the mass of the solvent, it is not affected by changes in volume due to temperature changes, making it a more accurate measure of concentration. In contrast, molarity is based on the volume of the solution, which can change with temperature, resulting in inaccurate calculations. Molality is particularly useful in certain applications, such as in the preparation of solutions for cryogenics or in biochemistry.
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Here are two different reactions:
- CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(ℓ) + 213 kcal
- N2(g) + O2(g) + 45 kcal → 2NO(g)
Which of the above reactions might have taken place in the beaker? Support your answer with evidence.
The reaction that does not occur in a beaker is;
- CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(ℓ) + 213 kcal
Why does combustion reaction not occur in a beaker?In a beaker, it is unlikely that all of these conditions will be met for a combustion reaction to occur. For example, there may not be enough fuel present in the beaker to sustain a combustion reaction, or there may not be enough oxygen to support the reaction.
Additionally, an ignition source such as a spark or flame is usually necessary to initiate the reaction, which is unlikely to be present in a beaker.
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noble gas whose name comes from the greek for strange is called_____
The noble gas whose name comes from the Greek for the strange is called xenon.
The Xenon comes from the Greek word that is Xenos, which means that the strange or the unusual. The another reason is that the Xenon belongs to noble gas group, the elements of which it do not react with the anything to form the compounds.
This unique property of the Xenon makes it the peculiar and this is the reason is why it will behaves in the different manner. Therefore, this is the reason that is why it is known as the stranger gas. The symbol of the xenon gas is Xe.
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when we were doing the gc analysis of our product from dehydrobromination of 2-bromobutane, we commonly saw a large peak at the very beginning of the gc spectrum. what is the peak?the desired compound should be significantly more soluble in one solvent than the other.the solvents should be more basic than the desired compound.the two solvents should have significantly different polarity.
The large peak at the very beginning of the GC spectrum during the analysis of the product from dehydrobromination of 2-bromobutane is likely due to the presence of the solvent used for the extraction of the product.
During the extraction process, it is common to use a polar solvent, such as diethyl ether or ethyl acetate, which can dissolve the desired compound (in this case, an alkene) and separate it from the byproducts and impurities.
However, some of the polar solvent used in the extraction process may carry over to the GC column and be detected as a large peak at the beginning of the GC spectrum. This peak is often referred to as the solvent peak and can interfere with the analysis of the desired compound, making it difficult to accurately determine its concentration.
To minimize the impact of the solvent peak on the analysis, it is important to use a solvent that is significantly more soluble in one phase than the other. This is achieved by choosing solvents that have significantly different polarities or by using solvents that are more basic than the desired compound. The difference in solubility between the two phases allows for effective separation and minimizes the carry-over of the solvent into the GC column, reducing the interference of the solvent peak in the analysis of the desired compound.
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3 Cu + 8HNO3 → 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 4 H2O
In the above equation, how many grams of water can be made when 15.4 moles of HNO3 are consumed?
Round your answer to the nearest tenth. If you answer is a whole number like 4, report the answer as 4.0
Use the following molar masses. If you do not use these masses, the computer will mark your answer incorrect.:
Element Molar Mass
Hydrogen 1
Nitrogen 14
Copper 63.5
Oxygen 16
Question 2
For the reaction C + 2H2 → CH4, how many grams of carbon are required to produce 5.7 moles of methane, CH4 ?
Round your answer to the nearest tenth. If you answer is a whole number like 4, report the answer as 4.0
Use the following molar masses. If you do not use these masses, the computer will mark your answer incorrect.:
Element Molar Mass
Hydrogen 1
Carbon 12
benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride molecular weight is ?
The molecular weight of benzyl-triphenylphosphonium chloride is 388.87.
Benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride (BTPPCl) is a quaternary ammonium salt that has three phenyl groups and one benzyl group attached to a central phosphorus atom.
Quaternary ammonium salts are organic compounds that have a central nitrogen atom that is bonded to four organic groups. They are commonly known as quats, and they are widely used as disinfectants, surfactants, and catalysts in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
Benzyl is an organic compound that contains a phenyl group (C6H5) that is attached to a methyl group (CH2). It is commonly used as a solvent and as a starting material for the synthesis of other organic compounds
Phosphonium is an ion with a central phosphorus atom that is bonded to four organic groups. It is the phosphorus analog of ammonium (NH4+). Phosphonium salts are usually obtained by the reaction of phosphines with alkyl or aryl halides. They are used as precursors for the synthesis of organophosphorus compounds, such as phosphine ligands, catalysts, and reagents.
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How many mL of a 0.320-molar solution of sucrose in benzene (density = 0.8787 g/mL) are needed to have 0.160 moles of sucrose?
(a) 500 mL
(b) 498 mL
(c) 438 mL
(d) 567 mL
(e) 219 mL
Using the concept of molarity, 0.160 moles of a 0.320-molar sucrose solution in benzene corresponds to 500 milliliters of the solution.
Explanation:To solve for the volume of the sucrose solution in benzene, we apply the definition of molarity (M) which is moles of solute divided by liters of solution. Since we're dealing with molarity, it's important to note that the density of benzene isn't necessary for our calculation.
Using the molarity equation (M=moles/L), we substitute the given values. So, 0.320 M = 0.160 moles / volume in liters. When we rearrange the equation to solve for the volume, we find that volume = 0.160 moles / 0.320 M. Hence, the required volume is 0.5 liters. Given that 1 Liter = 1000 milliliters (mL), we find the answer to be 500 mL. Therefore, (a) 500 mL is the correct answer.
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help please asap <3 i need for chem class
The pH that an acid will produce in solution will decrease the stronger the acid is. The negative logarithm of the concentration of hydronium ions is used to calculate pH.
What influences how strong acids and bases are?An acid's relative strength can be anticipated based on its chemical composition. An acid is often more powerful when the H-A bond is more polar. Additionally, acidity increases with weaker H-A bonds and more stable conjugate bases like A.
What impact does an acid's or base's strength have on its conductivity?Strong electrical conductivity indicates that an acid or base is a strong acid or base. A weak acid or base is one that conducts electricity only slightly. Demonstration of Acid and Base Conductivity: Using a light bulb equipment, the instructor will measure the conductivity of several solutions.
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What is the mass of 1 mol of iron (atomic mass 55.845 u)?
224 g
55.845 g
6.02 x 1023 g
127 g
Answer:
it is 56 approximately
Explanation:
the law is mass/molar mass = no. of moles
you have one mole of iron and the molar mass is 56 approximately
then the equation is
mass/56= 1
then this will be 56 grams
what is the optimal conditions for specimen transport, handling, and storage of specimens for clincal chemistry testing
The optimal conditions for specimen transport, handling, and storage of specimens for clinical chemistry testing are as follows: Transport: Specimens must be transported promptly to the laboratory to minimize changes in composition and to ensure proper analysis. The ideal transportation temperature is between 2 and 8°C.
Chemical analyses should be completed within 24 hours after collection to ensure the quality of the specimen. Handling: Laboratory personnel must take precautions to avoid contamination and errors during handling. Gloves should be worn when handling blood or other potentially hazardous specimens. Storage: After collection, specimens must be appropriately labeled with the patient's name and other identifying information. Specimens should be kept at the appropriate temperature, which is usually between 2 and 8°C for most tests. If the test requires a different temperature range, the specimen should be kept at the appropriate temperature until testing is complete. The specimens must be kept secure, protected from light, and free from vibration, moisture, and heat. In summary, it is crucial to adhere to the optimal conditions for specimen transport, handling, and storage of specimens for clinical chemistry testing. It ensures that the analysis is accurate and reliable, and errors or contamination are avoided.
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2) which group in the periodic table would have an an ion of a -2 charge? chapter 9 problem set
An ion of -2 charge is found in the elements of group 16 (VI A) of the periodic table. This group is also known as the chalcogens or oxygen family.
What are ions? An ion is an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more electrons. A positively charged ion is known as a cation, and a negatively charged ion is known as an anion. The ions that have a positive charge are formed when an atom loses an electron, whereas ions that have a negative charge are formed when an atom gains electrons.
Group 16 of the periodic table: Group 16 of the periodic table is also called the chalcogens or the oxygen family. It contains the elements O, S, Se, Te, and Po. These elements have six valence electrons in their outermost shell, and their electronic configuration is ns²np⁴, where n is the principal quantum number. These elements usually react with metals to form oxides, and with nonmetals to form polyatomic compounds. Charge of -2:An element with an ion charge of -2 will gain two electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration. Since group 16 elements have six valence electrons, they only need two more to achieve a stable octet configuration. Therefore, the elements in group 16 can form an anion with a charge of -2.
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Calculate the empirical formula for a compound with 4 atoms of carbon for every 12 atoms of hydrogen
The compound's empirical formula is CH₃, which stands for one carbon atom and three hydrogen atoms.
What is compound?A compound is a material that is created chemically by combining two or more separate elements in a specific order. Chemical bonds, which may be ionic or covalent in nature, are what hold the constituent parts of a compound together. Many chemical processes, such as synthesis (combining of elements), decomposition (dissolving a compound into its component elements), and exchange, can result in the formation of compounds (replacement of one element in a compound by another).
Assuming that there are 4 carbon atoms and 12 hydrogen atoms, we can calculate the carbon to hydrogen ratio as follows:
By dividing both sides by 4, the ratio of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms, which is 4:12, can be reduced to 1:3.
This indicates that the chemical has three hydrogen atoms for every one carbon atom.
As a result, the compound's empirical formula is CH₃, which stands for one carbon atom and three hydrogen atoms.
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How does resource availability effect the population of an ecosystem?
Explanation:
La dinámica demográfica es la principal fuerza conductora del cambio ambiental global, pues constituye una presión para ocupar cada vez más espacios, explotar más recursos, producir más alimentos, consumir más agua, contaminar más, utilizar más energía y emitir más gases de efecto invernadero
what type of functional group is formed when aspartic acid reacts with another amino acid to form a peptide bond?
The type of functional group formed when aspartic acid reacts with another amino acid to form a peptide bond is a carboxyl group.
What is an amino acid?
Amino acids are biomolecules that are the building blocks of proteins, which are fundamental molecules in living organisms that execute a variety of biological functions.
An amino acid has an amine (-NH₂) and a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group linked to a central carbon atom. The R-group, also known as the side chain, varies based on the type of amino acid. The R-group may be anything from a simple hydrogen atom to a complex ring structure.Functional group in aspartic acidAmino acids, such as aspartic acid, have an -NH₂ group attached to the alpha-carbon and an -OH (hydroxyl) group attached to the carboxyl group (also called the acid group).
A functional group is a collection of atoms or groups of atoms in a molecule that gives it characteristic properties. The -OH group is referred to as the carboxyl group since it contributes to the acidity of the molecule in the case of aspartic acid.The peptide bond between two amino acids is formed when the carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group (-NH₂) of another amino acid.
The removal of water from the two amino acids results in the formation of a covalent bond known as a peptide bond. This process is known as dehydration synthesis. When aspartic acid reacts with another amino acid to form a peptide bond, the carboxyl group of aspartic acid acts as the donor, while the amino group of the other amino acid acts as the acceptor.
As a result, a carboxyl group is formed when aspartic acid reacts with another amino acid to form a peptide bond.
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The portion of the total internal energy of a system that is proportional to its absolute temperature Choose one: O A work ? B. heat O C. thermal energy O D. temperature
Option C. thermal energy. The portion of the total internal energy of a system that is proportional to its absolute temperature is called thermal energy.
It is a form of internal energy that arises due to the motion of particles within a system, and it increases with increasing temperature. Thermal energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of a system, which is measured in kelvin (K). This relationship is described by the equation Q = mcΔT, where Q is the amount of heat added, m is the mass of the system, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. Therefore, thermal energy is an important concept in thermodynamics and plays a crucial role in many physical processes.
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which of the following reactions of alkenes is stereospecific? question 7 options: addition of hcl (treatment with hcl) hydrogenation (treatment with h2/pt) addition of hbr (treatment with hbr) acid-catalyzed hydration (treatment with aqueous h2so4)
Among the given reactions of alkenes, the reaction of addition of HBr (treatment with HBr) to an alkene is stereo-specific.
What is stereo-specific?
Stereo-specificity is a chemical concept that describes a reaction's capability to differentiate between stereo-isomers. A stereo-specific reaction is one in which only one stereo-isomer is generated from a given stereo-isomeric reactant. The stereo-chemistry of the reactant, the product, or both is generally associated with stereo-specificity. Stereo-specific reactions are also referred to as stereo-selective reactions.
When an alkene reacts with HBr in the presence of a peroxide initiator, the hydrogen (H) and the bromine (Br) atoms add to the carbon atoms of the double bond in a syn addition. This means that the hydrogen and the bromine atoms are added to the same side of the double bond, resulting in the formation of a single product with a specific stereo-chemistry.
Therefore, the reaction of addition of HBr to an alkene is stereo-specific, because the stereo-chemistry of the product is determined by the syn addition of the hydrogen and the bromine atoms to the double bond. The other reactions listed are not stereo-specific.
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Write a chemical equation showing Bromine reacting with Hydrogen Disulfide to produce Sulfur and
Hydrogen Monobromide (hydrobromic acid).
Answer:
Br2 + H2S => 2HBr + S
Explanation:
Br2 + H2S => 2HBr + S
Br = 2
H = 2
S = 1
Answer the following questions relating to the solubility of the chlorides silver and lead. (a) At 10 −C.8.9×10 −5 g of AgCl(s) will dissolve in 100, mL of waler. (i) Write the equation for the dissociation of AgCl(x) in water. (ii) Calculate the solubility, in mol L −1, of AgCl(x) in water at 10∘C. (iii) Calculate the value of the solubility-product constant, K N, for AgCl (s) at 10∘C.
(i) The equation for the dissociation of AgCl(x) in water is AgCl(s) ⇌ Ag⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)
(ii) The solubility, in mol L⁻¹, of AgCl(x) in water at 10°C is 6.2 × 10⁻⁶ M.
(iii) The value of the solubility-product constant, K N, for AgCl (s) at 10°C is 3.8 × 10⁻¹¹.
The expression for the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt in water is Ksp = [salt] * [water], where Ksp is the solubility product constant, [salt] is the molar solubility of the salt, and [water] is the molar concentration of the water.
Ksp = [Ag⁺][Cl⁻]
At equilibrium, the solubility of AgCl is s mol/L. Thus, [Ag⁺] = s, [Cl⁻] = s, and Ksp = s². At 10 °C, the solubility of AgCl is 8.9 × 10⁻⁵ g in 100 mL of water. This can be converted to mol/L:
8.9 × 10⁻⁵ g AgCl / 143.32 g/mol AgCl = 6.2 × 10⁻⁷ mol AgCl
100 mL = 0.1 L
Thus, the solubility of AgCl is 6.2 × 10⁻⁶ M.
The solubility product constant can be calculated as:
Ksp = s² = (6.2 × 10⁻⁶)² = 3.8 × 10⁻¹¹
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How does eutrophication affect aquatic life?
Answer:
It poses a negative effect on aquatic life
Explanation:
That is it can lead to a shift in species composition to fast growing algae species in water and a shift from long macro algae to more nuisance species
What type of rock is the Breadknife made of?
Answer:
peralkaline trachyte.
Explanation:
The Breadknife was part of a large shield volcano, that first erupted about 17 million years ago and stopped about 13 million years ago. It is composed of peralkaline trachyte.
what important assumption did u make in the alloy part to determine the comosition of the al zn alloy
The important assumption made in the alloy part to determine the composition of the Al-Zn alloy is that the two elements are present in the alloy in their atomic form.
AlloyAn alloy is a combination of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal. This means that an alloy is a mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, that has metallurgical properties. An alloy is distinguished from a pure metal by its physical and chemical properties.
Aluminum-Zinc alloys, also known as Zincalume or Galvalume, are primarily made up of aluminum and zinc. The aluminum makes up about 55 percent of the alloy by weight, while the remaining 45 percent is made up of zinc. The alloy's composition will determine its mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. Zinc improves the alloy's strength and resistance to corrosion.The important assumption made in the alloy part to determine the composition of the Al-Zn alloy is that the two elements are present in the alloy in their atomic form.
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The part of the enzyme molecule into which the substrate fits is called the ___
The part of the enzyme molecule into which the substrate fits is called the active site. The active site is a specific region on the surface of an enzyme to which the substrate binds and chemically reacts.
The substrate is a molecule that fits perfectly into the active site of an enzyme, and the chemical reaction can only occur in the presence of the appropriate enzyme and substrate. The substrate is the molecule that binds to the active site on an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction. The active site is the specific area on the surface of the enzyme to which the substrate binds to form an enzyme-substrate complex. The enzyme's active site and the substrate's chemical structure must be complementary for the enzyme to catalyze the reaction effectively.
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1. Which state of matter has no definite shape but a definite volume?
Answer:
Liquids
Liquids have the following characteristics: No definite shape (takes the shape of its container). Has definite volume.
Which one of the following compounds will undergo faster hydrolysis reaction by SN1 mechanism?
a. CH2Cl
b. CH3CH2CH2Cl
The compound that will undergo a faster hydrolysis reaction by the SN1 mechanism is [tex]CH_{3} CH_{2}CH_{2}Cl[/tex] (option B).
What is the SN1 reaction?SN1 is a kind of nucleophilic substitution reaction that is unimolecular, which means that the reaction's rate is only dependent on the concentration of a single molecule, the reactant. A unimolecular reaction is one in which the rate-determining step is the dissociation of a single molecule. SN1 reactions are unimolecular in nature and proceed in two steps. In the first step, the substrate undergoes heterolysis to form a carbocation and a halide ion. In the second step, the carbocation is attacked by a nucleophile, which can be either neutral or negatively charged.
SN1 mechanism reactions occur when a polar protic solvent is used, which means that the solvent must be able to stabilize the carbocation intermediate that is formed during the reaction. This is the case when the solvent is water, which is polar protic. In comparison to [tex]CH_{3} CH_{2}CH_{2}Cl[/tex], [tex]CH_{2}Cl[/tex] will undergo a faster hydrolysis reaction by SN1 mechanism.
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for each element, indicate the number of valence electrons, core electrons, and unpaired electrons in the ground state.a. Nitrogenb. Siliconc. Chlorine
Valence electrons in Nitrogen is 5, Silicon is 4 and Chlorine is 7; Core electrons in Nitrogen is 2 Silicon is 8 and Chlorine is 10; Unpaired electron in the ground state of Nitrogen is 1, Silicon is 0 and Chlorine is 1.
a. Nitrogen - The outermost shell of nitrogen consists of 2s2 2p3 electrons, of which the 2s2 electrons form the core electrons and the 2p3 electrons form the valence electrons. Since there are an odd number of electrons, one of the 2p electrons will be unpaired.
b. Silicon - The outermost shell of silicon consists of 3s2 3p2 electrons, of which the 3s2 electrons form the core electrons and the 3p2 electrons form the valence electrons. Since there are an even number of electrons, all of the 3p electrons will be paired.
c. Chlorine - The outermost shell of chlorine consists of 3s2 3p5 electrons, of which the 3s2 electrons form the core electrons and the 3p5 electrons form the valence electrons. Since there are an odd number of electrons, one of the 3p electrons will be unpaired.
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Question 9 2 pts What would you see when titrating if an indicator was not added? no color change would occur; it would not be clear when the equivalence point was reached a color change would still occur; it would not be clear when the equivalence point was reached a color change would still occur, the equivalence point would still be identifiable no color change would occur; the equivalence point would still be identifiable Question 6 4 pts In step 3 of Part A, suppose you add 50 mL of water instead of 75 mL to dissolve the KHP. Would this affect the overall outcome of your data? Why or why not? Hint: try to determine whether or not your calculations are affected by this change. outcome would not be affected; the only numerical data recorded in Part A is the volume of NaOH used outcome would not be affected; the calculation uses mass to determine moles of KHP in the solution outcome would be affected; the lower volume of water increases the volume of NaOH required to reach the end point outcome would be affected; the lower volume of water increased the number of moles of KHP in the flask
If an indicator is not added during a titration, it becomes difficult to determine the endpoint of the reaction.
The endpoint is the point at which reaction has been completed, and further addition of titrant does not result in any further reaction. Indicators are added to titrations to provide a visual indication of endpoint, as they change color in response to changes in pH. Without an indicator, the endpoint of reaction would be difficult to determine, as there would be no visual cue to indicate that the reaction has been completed. This could result in over-titration or under-titration, leading to inaccurate results. Therefore, it is essential to add an appropriate indicator to a titration to ensure accurate and reliable results.
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--The complete question is, What would you see when titrating if an indicator was not added? ---
20=80(.5)^8.32/x please find x
We can begin by completing the appropriate algebraic operations to isolate x on one side of the equation before trying to identify it.
20 = 80(.5)^8.32/x
Put 80 on both sides:
20/80 = (.5)^8.32/x
Make the left side simpler:
1/4 = (.5)^8.32/x
Take both sides' reciprocal:
4 = x/(.5)^8.32
Make the right side simpler:
4 = x/0.0027067
Divide the two sides by 0.0027067:
x = 0.0027067 * 4
x = 0.0108268
Hence, x is almost equal to 0.0108268.
How should 5.94 be expressed in scientific notation?Your response is in scientific notation since 5.94 is at least 1 but less than 10. (3.4 10 3) + (5.6 10 4) = 5.94 10 4 is the solution.
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At the normal resting potential of a typical neuron, its sodium-potassium exchange pump transports
3 intracellular sodium ions for 2 extracellular potassium ions
The sodium-potassium exchange pump in a typical neuron moves 3 sodium ions from inside the cell to outside while transporting 2 potassium ions from outside to inside at the resting potential.
Most mammal cells, including neurons, have an enzyme called the sodium-potassium exchange pump in their membranes. It is in charge of preserving the gradients in sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ion content across the cell membrane, which are essential for healthy neural activity.
The exchange pump transports 2 potassium ions from the extracellular space into the intracellular space at the average neuron's quiescent potential while moving 3 sodium ions from the intracellular space to the extracellular space. This procedure uses ATP and aids in keeping the neuron's negative resting potential.
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what single reagent could you add that would allow you to differentiate between the members of each pair of solid compounds below? tell what happens to each substance when the reagent is added and write a balanced net ionic equation wherever a reaction occurs. you may use any reagent. (1pts) 1. hg2cl2 and hgcl2
The reagent that could be added that would allow you to differentiate between the members of each pair of solid compounds below is the Sodium Thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) reagent.
Let's take a look at the process: Na2S2O3 can be used to distinguish between HgCl2 and Hg2Cl2. They react differently with Na2S2O3 due to the fact that they have different stabilities as mercuric and mercurous compounds. In the presence of HgCl2, Na2S2O3 quickly precipitates yellow-colored Hg2Cl2, which can be readily detected.
The balanced equation for this reaction is as follows:
HgCl2 (s) + Na2S2O3 (aq) → Hg2Cl2 (s) + NaCl (aq) + Na2S2O4 (aq)
Therefore, when Na2S2O3 reagent is added to HgCl2 and Hg2Cl2, Hg2Cl2 precipitates as a yellow-colored precipitate while HgCl2 does not form any precipitate.
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match each type of electrochemical cell with the appropriate description. for a voltaic cell for a voltaic cell drop zone empty. for an electrolytic cell for an electrolytic cell drop zone empty. work is done on the system in a(n) work is done on the system in a(n) drop zone empty. the system does work on the surroundings in a(n)
For a voltaic cell DeltaG < 0. For an electrolytic cell DeltaG > 0. Work is done on the system in an electrolytic cell. The system does not work on the surroundings in a voltaic cell.
Voltаic cell is аn electrochemicаl cell thаt chаnges chemicаl energy to electricаl energy by the trаnsfer of electrons. In а voltаic cell, the drop zone is empty.
The electrolytic cell is аn electrochemicаl cell thаt uses electricаl energy to trigger а non-spontаneous redox reаction. In аn electrolytic cells, the drop zone is empty.
Work is done on the system in аn electrolytic cells. In аn electrolytic cell, the externаl energy source or bаttery drives the non-spontаneous reаction, which cаuses work to be done on the system. The system does work on the surroundings in а voltаic cell. In а voltаic cell, the spontаneous redox reаction releаses energy, аnd work is done on the surroundings by the system.
Your question seems incomplete. I could not find the exact question detail online, so I generally answered based on the keywords.
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How many atoms of N , H , C , O , are contained in 0.250 moles of (nh4)2co3?
There are approximately [tex]3.011 * 10^{23}[/tex] atoms of N, [tex]4.817 * 10^{24}[/tex] atoms of H, [tex]1.505 * 10^{23}[/tex] atoms of C, and [tex]4.517 * 10^{23}[/tex] atoms of O in 0.250 moles of [tex](NH_4)_2CO_3[/tex].
The molecular formula of ammonium carbonate ([tex](NH_4)_2CO_3[/tex]) contains 2 nitrogen atoms (N), 8 hydrogen atoms (H), 1 carbon atom (C), and 3 oxygen atoms (O).
To determine the number of atoms in 0.250 moles of [tex](NH_4)_2CO_3[/tex], we can use Avogadro's number, which is [tex]6.022 * 10^{23}[/tex] atoms per mole.
Number of N atoms = 2 x Avogadro's number x 0.250 = [tex]3.011 * 10^{23}[/tex]atoms of N
Number of H atoms = 8 x Avogadro's number x 0.250 = [tex]4.817 * 10^{24}[/tex] atoms of H
Number of C atoms = 1 x Avogadro's number x 0.250 = [tex]1.505 * 10^{23}[/tex] atoms of C
Number of O atoms = 3 x Avogadro's number x 0.250 = [tex]4.517 * 10^{23}[/tex] atoms of O
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