Relations between Rome and the Byzantine Empire deteriorated significantly in the late seventh and early eighth centuries because of a number of factors.Some of these factors include religious differences and territorial disputes between the two empires.
Religious differences played a significant role in the deterioration of relations between the two empires. The Roman Catholic Church had established itself as the official church of the Roman Empire, while the Byzantine Empire had its own Orthodox Church.
This difference caused tensions between the two empires because they both believed their faith was the only true faith.The Byzantine Empire was also expanding its territory, which threatened Rome. The Byzantines were expanding into the Italian peninsula and the Balkans, which Rome saw as a threat to its own territories.
This expansion led to territorial disputes between the two empires.Another factor that contributed to the deterioration of relations between Rome and the Byzantine Empire was the rise of the Lombard Kingdom in Italy. The Lombards were a Germanic tribe that established a kingdom in Italy that was hostile to Rome.
This hostile relationship led to the Byzantines siding with the Lombards against Rome.In conclusion, relations between Rome and the Byzantine Empire deteriorated in the late seventh and early eighth centuries because of religious differences, territorial disputes, and the rise of the Lombard Kingdom. These factors caused tensions between the two empires and led to their eventual downfall.
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who is credited with the idea of stacking increasingly smaller mastabas to create a monumental symbol of the king's everlasting power? group of answer choices khufu djoser khafre imhotep
The person credited with the idea of stacking increasingly smaller mastabas to create a monumental symbol of the king's everlasting power is Imhotep.
What are mastabas?A mastaba is an ancient Egyptian funerary structure that resembles a flat-roofed, rectangular structure with outwardly sloping sides. These were built in Egypt during the Old Kingdom period (about 2686–2181 BCE).
What is the step pyramid?Imhotep built the world's first step pyramid in Saqqara, Egypt, for King Djoser. It was built over the course of 20 years and is one of the most famous pyramids in Egypt today. This pyramid started as a mastaba but was subsequently expanded by stacking increasingly smaller mastabas on top of one other.
The pyramid's height of 62 meters was a world record at the time of its construction. Imhotep was given credit for developing the idea of stacking increasingly smaller mastabas to create a monumental symbol of the king's everlasting power.
Thus, Imhotep is credited with the idea of stacking increasingly smaller mastabas to create a monumental symbol of the king's everlasting power.
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the first theme group of the second exposition of a concerto features a
rondo recapitulation baryton modulation
The first theme group of the second exposition of a concerto features a rondo.A concerto is a classical music piece that features a solo instrument, accompanied by an orchestra.
A concerto is a multi-movement work with an instrumental soloist, typically in three movements. It is usually composed of three movements: fast, slow, and fast. It is a musical composition for an orchestra and one or more solo instruments.The first theme group of the second exposition of a concerto features a rondo. Rondo is a musical form in which a specific section of music is repeated three or more times, separated by contrasting sections. The structure is generally A-B-A-C-A-D-A or A-B-A-C-A-B-A.
The rondo form is commonly used in the final movements of classical sonatas, string quartets, and symphonies.The exposition is the first section of a sonata, concerto, or symphony. The exposition sets the stage for the rest of the piece, introducing the primary themes and tonal centers. It comprises of two distinct themes and a closing theme, which is referred to as the transition theme.
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How did the Treaty of Versailles lead to World War 2?
- Make an introduction paragraph
- body paragraph
Read checklist below
Answer: Economic distress and seething resentment of the treaty within germany helped fuel the rise of adolf hitler and his nazi party, as well as world war ll
to justify american intervention in the venezuela boundary dispute with britain, secretary of state olney invoked the
To justify American intervention in the Venezuela boundary dispute with Britain, Secretary of State Olney invoked the Monroe Doctrine.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?The Monroe Doctrine was established by the United States in 1823. It was an international policy aimed at avoiding European colonialism in the Americas.
The doctrine, which was first introduced by President James Monroe in his seventh annual message to Congress in 1823, stated that the United States would not meddle in European affairs and that Europe should not meddle in American affairs.
European interference in the Americas, according to the Monroe Doctrine, would be viewed as a threat to the security of the United States. As a result, the United States pledged to protect the newly independent nations in the Americas.
Furthermore, the doctrine aimed to promote peace and stability in the region, which would also benefit the United States.
What is the Venezuela boundary dispute?The Venezuela boundary dispute arose in 1895 between Great Britain and Venezuela. The dispute was over the border separating British Guiana from Venezuela. Venezuela disputed the border and claimed a large portion of British Guiana.
The British, on the other hand, rejected the claim and stated that the border had already been established by treaty. The issue of ownership remained unresolved for a long time.
What was the justification for American intervention?Secretary of State Olney, in an effort to resolve the Venezuela boundary dispute, used the Monroe Doctrine as a basis for American intervention. He argued that the United States was justified in intervening in the dispute because it affected the United States' security interests.
Britain's presence in the Western Hemisphere, according to Olney, threatened American security. As a result, he stated that the United States was authorized to use force to protect its security interests under the Monroe Doctrine.
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The Allied invasion of ______ was given the code name D-Day.
Answer:
Nazi-occupied Europe is the answer.
Explanation:
What was unique about samuel slaters design for textile mills in america?
Answer:
Samuel Slater's design for textile mills in America was unique because it was the first to use powered machinery to produce textiles. Slater was an Englishman who had worked in a British cotton mill and had memorized the design of the machines used there. He then came to America and replicated the design, introducing the concept of powered machinery to the American textile industry.
What revolutions are taking place in the world today? What are the major issues ? Who is involved ? What are the actions and outcomes ?
The significant advances in the human condition have resulted from the creation and development of modern science since the seventeenth century.
In the late eighteenth century, the Industrial Revolution got underway. In the second half of the nineteenth century, the Demographic Revolution got underway. The third began in the late 20th century and is known as the Happy Revolution. Economic growth, regime type, and state inefficiency are the three main factors that influence when a revolution begins.
People's desire for political change is fueled by economic growth, while some groups experience economic unhappiness as a result. Democratic governments appear to have a greater impact on political stability than autocratic ones due to their pragmatic and inclusive political philosophies. Besides from regime, other factors include state efficacy or lack thereof modern science's development from its inception has an impact on whether political violence occurs or not. States that are repressive or unresponsive will probably encourage violence. Finally, whereas external causes like price increases and war victories seem to encourage revolution, their primary function is typically that of triggering effects.
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which is paul's epistle called the magna carta of christian liberty and the declaration of independence?
Paul's epistle which is called the magna carta of Christian liberty and the declaration of independence is the Epistle to the Galatians.
What is Paul's Epistle?Paul's epistle is a letter written by Paul to a community or individuals. Paul's epistles in the New Testament of the Bible have been credited with having contributed to the development of Christian doctrine and theology.In the New Testament, Paul wrote several letters to various communities in various regions.
These letters, commonly known as Paul's epistles, are considered one of the most significant contributions to the development of Christian theology and doctrine.
What is the Epistle to the Galatians?The Epistle to the Galatians is the letter that the Apostle Paul wrote to the early Christian community in Galatia, a region in modern-day Turkey.
This letter is notable because of its emphasis on Christian liberty, grace, and the role of the law in the Christian faith. It is also considered a magna carta of Christian liberty and the declaration of independence since it teaches that Christians are saved through faith in Jesus Christ, rather than adherence to the law.
It emphasizes the importance of the Christian faith and asserts that the law no longer holds power over believers, setting the stage for the development of Christian theology and doctrine.
In conclusion, Paul's epistle, the Epistle to the Galatians, is called the magna carta of Christian liberty and the declaration of independence. It emphasizes Christian liberty, grace, and the role of the law in the Christian faith.
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in 1975 the education of all handicapped children act stipulated that children with special needs must be educated in the:
In 1975, the Education of All Handicapped Children Act established that children with special needs should be educated in the “least restrictive environment” possible, meaning they should be integrated into regular classrooms to the maximum extent possible without negatively affecting their education.
This Act was passed to ensure that all children, regardless of their disabilities, have access to a free and appropriate public education. The Education of All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) of 1975 was signed into law by President Gerald Ford. The law aimed to provide equal educational opportunities for children with disabilities. This act is now known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).
IDEA mandates that children with disabilities be educated in the least restrictive environment (LRE) that is appropriate for their educational needs. That means that students with disabilities are not placed in special education classrooms unless it is necessary. Students with disabilities must be placed in the same classrooms as their peers to the maximum extent possible. If a student with disabilities cannot receive an appropriate education in a general classroom, IDEA provides for a range of alternative placements.
These alternative placements include: separate classrooms, schools for students with disabilities, residential facilities, and home instruction. IDEA also requires that schools provide related services, such as physical therapy or counseling, to students with disabilities that need them. In conclusion, in 1975 the Education of All Handicapped Children Act established that children with special needs should be educated in the least restrictive environment possible.
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act mandates that children with disabilities be educated in the least restrictive environment that is appropriate for their educational needs. If a student with disabilities cannot receive an appropriate education in a general classroom, IDEA provides for a range of alternative placements.
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Who referred to Harriet Beecher Stowe as “the little woman who wrote that book made this Great War”? What “Great War” was referring to?
Answer:
The quote you are referring to comes from a statement made by Abraham Lincoln in 1862 when he met Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of the anti-slavery novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin". However, he did not specifically refer to any "Great War" in the quote. The American Civil War (1861-1865) may have been considered a "great war" during that time period, as it was a significant conflict in American history and caused widespread casualties and devastation.
TRUE/FALSE
Decide if each statement is true or false, and write true or false in the blank.
6. The governments of the 13 colonies reported to Parliament and
the king.
7. In 1215, Parliament forced the British King to sign the English
Bill of Rights.
8. Before Magna Carta was signed, the monarch could do
whatever he or she wanted.
9. The English Bill of Rights listed rights that people should
always have.
10. The colonists had representatives in Parliament.
COVERNMENT 9
Despite the fact that some colonies sent delegates to Parliament, such as Benjamin Franklin, none of the colonies had elected seats in the British Parliament.
In the thirteen colonies, who is in charge?Each of the thirteen colonies had a charter, which was a written agreement between the queen of England or Parliament and the colony. The colonial charters laid out a direct kingly system of government. In colonial times, the legislature was selected by men who held property.
In 1215, the English king signed what?The first piece of writing to explicitly state that the king and his government were subject to the law was the Magna Carta, which was released in June 1215.
King John of England breached a number of long-standing laws and customs that had previously been used to dominate England, and as a result, his subjects forced him to sign the Magna Carta, which describes what are now recognized as human rights, in 1215.
True, Parliament and the king received reports from the 13 colonial governments.False, Magna Carta was coerced into being signed by the British Monarch in 1215 by Parliament.True, The monarch had complete power prior to the signing of the Magna Carta.True, People should always have the rights outlined in the English Bill of Rights.False, There were representatives for the colonists in Parliament.Learn more about Magna Carta: https://brainly.com/question/549211
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between 1879 and 1880, an estimated 40,000-60,000 african-americans migrated to group of answer choices massachusetts. south carolina. california. kansas.
Answer: Kansas
Explanation: Hope this helps
how did the 16th and 17th amendments represent a shift in thinking about economic and political equality?
The 16th and 17th amendments symbolized a change in thinking about economic and political equality since they addressed problems that were critical to the U.S. public.
The 16th Amendment granted Congress the authority to levy an income tax, whereas the 17th Amendment provided for the direct election of U.S. senators by the people.
Both of these measures aimed to address major issues of the day, namely the distribution of wealth and the need for more democratic governance. The 16th Amendment was an answer to the issue of wealth distribution, which had been increasing dramatically in the U.S. at the time.
The tax would have an impact on the country's richest people, who would be required to contribute a more substantial portion of their income to the federal government.
The amendment thus addressed the economic gap in America by redistributing wealth, making a significant difference in the standard of living of millions of people, as well as the quality of life of the country as a whole.
The 17th Amendment, on the other hand, was a reaction to issues of political equality. Before the amendment, state legislatures chose U.S. senators, which gave them an unfair amount of control over their state's representatives.
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american farmers in the 1920s: group of answer choices managed to remain in business due to time-saving mechanization. understood that prices for produce would remain high, despite the end of world war i. decreased their output of crops, due to declining demand on the american and overseas markets. increasingly migrated out of rural areas. did not take advantage of new technological innovations.
"American farmers in the 1920s are migrated out of rural areas in search of other work opportunities. However, some farmers managed to stay in business due to time-saving mechanization.
American farmers in the 1920s managed to remain in business due to time-saving mechanization. Despite the end of World War I, they understood that prices for produce would remain high.
However, they decreased their output of crops due to declining demand on the American and overseas markets.
Additionally, they increasingly migrated out of rural areas and did not take advantage of new technological innovations. What were some of the difficulties that American farmers faced in the 1920s?In the 1920s, American farmers faced several challenges.
The introduction of new technology made farming easier and more efficient, which led to a drop in crop prices. Crop prices fell due to the decrease in demand from the European countries that were involved in World War I as a result of the war ending.
Moreover, many farmers had taken out loans to buy new machinery and then were unable to repay them. This was due to the decrease in crop prices and the accumulation of interest on their loans, which created a financial burden on farmers.
The new innovations made farming more productive, but farmers did not have the money to invest in them. Thus, they could not take full advantage of the technological advancements that were made. Furthermore, many farmers were in debt, so they had to keep producing crops at lower prices, which made it difficult to remain profitable.
As a result, many farmers migrated out of rural areas in search of other work opportunities. However, some farmers managed to stay in business due to time-saving mechanization.
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What can be learned from the Wocester V. Georgia case? Answer this in the claim, evidence, reasoning style
The Worcester v. Georgia case teaches us the value of defending oppressed groups' sovereignty and the bearing of judicial rulings on larger social and political challenges.
Claim: The Worcester v. Georgia ruling established the rule of law that Native American tribes are sovereign countries with the right to self-government.
Evidence: In the 1832 Worcester v. Georgia decision, the United States Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Cherokee Nation, holding that the state of Georgia lacked the right to regulate or meddle in Cherokee affairs. According to the Supreme Court, Native American tribes are "distinct political communities" with sovereignty on par with that of the United States and are solely subject to the jurisdiction of the federal government.
Reasoning: The Worcester v. Georgia case was a landmark judgement that acknowledged Native American tribes' sovereignty and upheld their right to self-governance. As a result of the decision, it was acknowledged that Native American tribes were not subject to state laws and could not be ejected forcibly from their territories by state officials. This ruling had a significant impact on how the US government interacted with Native American tribes, and it served as the basis for later legal developments like the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act, which acknowledged tribes' constitutional and governmental rights. Ultimately, the Worcester v. Georgia decision set a significant legal precedent that supported Native American tribes' rights and interests while also acknowledging their sovereignty.
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what caused the negative response to impressionism by contemporary audiences in the nineteenth century?
in nineteenth-century britain, the laboring classes accounted for approximately what percentage of the general population?
Approximately 75-80% of the population in 19th century Britain were part of the laboring classes.
These included miners, industrial workers, agricultural workers, dockworkers, and factory workers. The industrial revolution meant that many people had to move from their rural areas to urban areas to find work, so the laboring classes were the largest part of the population.
The laboring classes were usually paid very low wages and had poor working conditions. Despite their size, they had very little political power, as the upper classes held most of the power.
As such, the laboring classes were rarely able to fight for their rights or make any meaningful changes to their living and working conditions.
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How was Hitler's attack on the Soviet Union similar to his invasion of France?
• He relied heavily on the speed, size and power of the German military.
• He used air power to subdue the enemy quickly.
• He bombed cities to demoralize the population.
• He invaded nearby countries first to prove German power.
Answer:
How was Hitler's attack on the Soviet Union similar to his invasion of France? He relied heavily on the size and power of German troops. He used air power to subdue the enemy quickly. He bombed cities to demoralize the population.
Explanation:
Hitler's attack on the Soviet Union and his invasion of France had some similarities. One similarity was the heavy reliance on the speed, size, and power of the German military to overwhelm their opponents quickly. Hence option A is correct.
How was Hitler's attack on the Soviet Union similar to his invasion of France ?In both campaigns, Hitler used air power to subdue the enemy and gain a tactical advantage. He also employed the tactic of bombing cities to demoralize the population and undermine the enemy's ability to fight back effectively.
Additionally, Hitler invaded nearby countries first to prove Germany's military prowess before turning his attention to larger targets. In the case of France, he invaded Belgium and the Netherlands before launching an all-out attack on France. Similarly, he invaded Poland before launching his attack on the Soviet Union.
Despite these similarities, there were also significant differences between the two campaigns. The invasion of France was a relatively short and decisive campaign, while the invasion of the Soviet Union was a prolonged and costly conflict that ultimately ended in defeat for Germany.
Additionally, Hitler's goals and objectives in each campaign were different, with France being a stepping stone to achieving his larger ambitions in Europe, while the Soviet Union was a separate and distinct objective.
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Black Deaf individuals have obviously always been accepted in at least the Black OR the Deaf community, if not both.a. Trueb. False
The given statement, "Black Deaf individuals have obviously always been accepted in at least the Black OR the Deaf community, if not both," is false (b) because historically, Black Deaf individuals have faced discrimination and exclusion from both the Black and Deaf communities.
Black Deaf individuals have often faced double discrimination and marginalization due to their race and deafness. They have been excluded from both the Black and Deaf communities and have had to navigate through their own unique struggles. In the Black community, they have faced racism and ableism, while in the Deaf community, they have faced exclusion due to their race.
Despite these challenges, Black Deaf individuals have continued to build their own communities and have fought for their rights and recognition. However, the statement that they have always been accepted in at least one of these communities is false and fails to acknowledge the historical and ongoing discrimination they have faced.
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america's european allies argued that they should not have to repay loans that the united states made to them during world war i because
America's European allies argued that they should not have to repay loans that the United States made to them during World War I because they had suffered huge losses in the war and had huge debts to pay for the war's expenses.
During World War I, the United States of America provided significant loans to its European allies to support their war efforts. However, America's European allies claimed that they should not be required to repay the loans since they had already endured immense losses in the war and needed to pay off substantial debts accrued from their war expenses.
Furthermore, the allies argued that they had entered the war as a result of the American president's call for assistance to defend democracy, so the United States should assume responsibility for the conflict's consequences.
As a result, the United States suspended its debt collection efforts, and the allies were granted the right to pay their debts over a prolonged period.
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how did the participation of married women and unmarried women in the industrial workforce differ in the early 1800s?
In the early 19th century, women's participation in the industrial labor force was influenced by their marital status, i.e., whether they were married or single.
In the early 1800s, married women and unmarried women participated in the industrial workforce in different ways.
Married women were limited in the types of work they could do, whereas unmarried women had more opportunities. Unmarried women could take on jobs that were considered to be more physically demanding and labor-intensive than those open to married women. Additionally, unmarried women were typically able to make higher wages than married women.However, as industrialization progressed, job opportunities for married women also increased. Some factories began to offer day care and other benefits for workers with children, which allowed more married women to enter the labor market.
In conclusion, the participation of married and unmarried women in the industrial labor force in the early nineteenth century was strongly influenced by cultural expectations and family responsibilities.
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true or false the mst succesdul democracies are usually based on some form od absolutism
False. Successful democracies are not based on absolutism.
Why is it?
Absolutism refers to a political system where a single individual or group holds absolute power and authority over the state, with no checks and balances to limit their power.
This system is antithetical to democracy, which is based on the principles of representation, accountability, and popular sovereignty. Historically, successful democracies have emerged through a variety of means, including revolutions, social movements, and peaceful transitions of power.
These democracies are characterized by constitutional frameworks that guarantee individual rights and civil liberties, as well as institutions that provide for the separation of powers and the rule of law.
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what did harriet tubman do after slavery was abolished and the war was over?
Answer:
Harriet Tubman settled in New York, and continued to fight for equality and to provide services to the needy. Tubman worked closely with politicians, thought leaders, and intellectuals of her time – Frederick Douglass, William Henry Seward, Susan B.
Galatians 3:7-8 says the following: 7Know then that it is those of faith who are the sons of Abraham. 8And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you shall all the nations be blessed.” In 3-5 good sentences, identify the covenant involved in this text and how Paul interprets it differently than previous Jewish tradition.
Paul presents the concept of a spiritual family as an alternative to a physical family in this passage—a family that shares faith rather than a bloodline.
What does it imply that those who have faith are Abraham's sons?Clearly, Abraham had actual, physical children. It was they, through Isaac and Jacob, who turned into the country of Israel, God's picked individuals. However, many people in Israel did not follow God as they ought to. In the Old Testament, Gentiles like Rahab and Ruth were adopted into the Israel family at the same time. According to Romans 11:17–20, many Gentiles are "grafted" into the tree of Israel by faith in Jesus, the Messiah of Israel. “Know then that it is those of faith who are the sons of Abraham,” Paul writes to Gentiles in Galatians 3:7 (ESV).
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what did the shang king do for nobles in exchange for their military help?
The Shang king provided nobles with land, titles, and the opportunity to participate in the government in exchange for their military support.
During the Shang dynasty in ancient China, the king relied on the support of his nobles to maintain military power and control over the kingdom. In exchange for their military aid, the king provided the nobles with various rewards and privileges. These included the granting of land, titles, and the opportunity to participate in the government as advisors or administrators. The nobles were also allowed to collect taxes and tribute from the people living on their lands. This arrangement allowed the king to maintain a strong central government while delegating power and responsibilities to his loyal supporters. The system of reciprocity between the king and his nobles was a key aspect of the political and social structure of the Shang dynasty.
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How did the supreme court decision in worcester v. georgia affect american indians? a. the ruling gave the state authority over relations with american indians b. more american indian tribes decided to grant licenses to missionaries to live on tribal landsc. the state ignored the ruling and distributed cherokee lands to white settlers d. reservation policies were overturned and replaced with land grants to individuals
The right answer is C.
The effect that the decision of the Supreme Court in Worcester v. Georgia was that the state ignored the ruling and distributed Cherokee lands to white settlers.
In September 1831, Samuel A. Worcester and others, all non-Native Americans, were accused in the supreme court for the county of Gwinnett in the state of Georgia for "residing within the limits of the Cherokee nation without a license" and "without having taken the oath to support and defend the constitution and laws of the state of Georgia." The Georgia legislature passed a law in 1830 called "an act that forbade the exercise of assumed and arbitrarily determined power by all persons, under guise of permission from the Cherokee Indians," that they were accused with breaching. Worcester claimed, among other things, that the statute's violations of the Constitution and international pacts prevented the state from pursuing the case the Cherokee Nation, the United States, and a law passed by Congress called "an act to regulate trade and relations with the Indian tribes."
Worcester was found guilty and given a four-year prison term of "hard labor." The matter was brought before the US Supreme Court on an error writ.
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how did articles 123, 125, and 126 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union complicate the situation for piigs
The articles 123, 125, and 126 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) complicate the situation for the PIIGS (Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece, and Spain) by introducing stricter fiscal policies.
Article 123 prevents Member States from carrying out any quantitative restrictions on the movement of capital between Member States and from third countries.
Article 125 states that the Member States should not carry out any excessive deficit procedure, which limits the amount of public debt allowed for each Member State. Finally, Article 126 allows for increased surveillance and coordination of Member States’ fiscal policies.
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How did the cotton gin affect the South slaves in their Food, Shelter, Clothing, Family Life, Work Activities, Punishments, and Special Occasions?
The cotton gin increased the workload of the slaves and led to poor living conditions.
How the cotton gin affected the South slavesThe cotton gin, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793, increased the demand for cotton and led to the expansion of slavery in the South.
It made cotton production more efficient, it also increased the workload for slaves who were forced to pick more cotton.
Slave owners invested less in the welfare of their slaves as they were viewed as a disposable workforce.
Slaves faced poor living conditions, inadequate clothing, and limited access to food.
Their family life was disrupted as families were frequently separated. Punishments were severe and included whipping and branding. Special occasions were limited to those approved by slave owners.
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Adolf Hitler became the leader of the ? Party in Germany.
Answer:
Nazi party
Explanation:
how did the introduction of dairy change early humans to evolved?
Answer: The ability of adults to consume fresh milk occurred rapidly in Europe during the transition to agriculturalist lifestyles, as a byproduct of the adaptation to dairying. The molecular analysis of genetic variants in modern people suggests that the adaptation and evolution of this ability occurred rapidly.
Explanation: All humans can digest milk in infancy. But the ability to do so as an adult developed fairly recently, likely in the past 6000 years. . A genetic mutation appeared, somewhere near modern-day Turkey, that jammed the lactase-production gene permanently in the “on” position.
In summary, early humans evolved to consume dairy products as a byproduct of their adaptation to dairying. The ability of adults to consume fresh milk occurred rapidly in Europe during the transition to agriculturalist lifestyles. All humans can digest milk in infancy but the ability to do so as an adult developed fairly recently. A genetic mutation appeared, somewhere near modern-day Turkey, that jammed the lactase-production gene permanently in the “on” position.
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