The first formal psychological experiment was carried out by Wundt, who attempted to gauge the speed of cognition by timing how long it took test subjects to reach a conclusion.
What was the first true experiment in psychology?The first formal psychological experiment was carried out by Wundt, who attempted to gauge the speed of cognition by timing how long it took test subjects to reach a conclusion.
The first genuine experimental study with a direct connection to physical activity and sports psychology was published by Norman Triplett. His interest in how to direct competition between two people affects performance served as the basis for his study.
A real experiment is one in which every effort is made to maintain control over all factors aside from the one being studied. This kind of control is frequently simpler to implement in a lab environment. As a result, genuine experiments have frequently been mistaken for laboratory studies.
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The concentration of solute is less on one sides of the membrane causing water to move into the cell causing the cell to swell.
When a cell is immersed in a hypotonic solution, the volume of the cell will rise as it will cause will be a net inflow of water inside the cell. If the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower as compared to inside the cell and when the solutes are not able to cross the membrane, then the solution is called hypotonic to the given cell.
The ability of an extracellular solution to induce water to osmotically enter or depart a cell is known as tonicity.
Three terms—hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic—are employed in order to evaluate if a solution would cause water to move into or out of a cell:
If a cell is immersed in a hypertonic solution, it will lose volume because there will be a net flow of water out of the cell.A cell will shrink if it is submerged in a hypertonic solution because water will escape the cell. Since there is no net water movement in an isotonic environment, the cell's size remains constant. A cell will absorb water and swell when it is exposed to a hypotonic environment.Learn more about osmosis here:
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based on cell size and complexity, prokaeyotic cells would be expected to
based on cell size and complexity, prokaryotic cells would be expected to have fewer ribosomes.
What is the function of ribosomes?
Any cell's ribosome produces proteins as its primary function. Almost all biological processes involve the utilization of proteins; they operate as catalysts to speed up activities; as fibers, they give support; and many proteins perform specific jobs, such as contracting muscle cells. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the precursor to all proteins. A unique protein called RNA polymerase is an enzyme that can identify DNA sequences, bind to them with the assistance of other proteins, and produce a new information molecule that can go from the cell's nucleus to its cytoplasm. On its way out of the nucleus, the strand of ribonucleic acid (RNA) created by RNA polymerase is processed, and regions of the RNA that do not code for proteins are deleted. The molecule is now referred to as an mRNA, or messenger RNA.
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chlorella and paramecium are both unicellular eukaryotic organisms living in freshwater. chlorella is photosynthetic and has a cell wall. which organelle will be found in chlorella but not the paramecium?
Contractile vacuole is an organelle will be found in chlorella but not the paramecium.
The lowest metazoans, such as sponges and hydras, and freshwater protozoa have regulating organelles called contractile vacuoles that gather extra fluid from the protoplasm and occasionally release it into the surrounding media. Wastes containing nitrogen may also be excreted.
The contractile vacuole (CV) complex is an osmoregulatory organelle found in free-living amoebae and protozoa that regulates intracellular water balance by storing and excreting excess water, enabling cells to survive under hypotonic stress, like that found in pond water.
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the experiments of francesco redi used the scientific method to prove the idea of spontaneous generation. disproved that maggots and flies were related. determined that fly larvae were present in raw meat, and when left on the counter they turned into flies. disproved the idea of spontaneous generation. disproved the scientific method.
The experiments of Francesco Redi disproved the idea of spontaneous generation. The correct option is D.
Who is Francesco Redi?Francesco Redi, an Italian physician and poet, demonstrated that the presence of maggots in putrefying meat is not due to spontaneous generation, but rather to flies' eggs laid on the meat.
Redi concluded that the maggots were caused by flies laying eggs on the meat in the open jar.
Maggots were not produced because the flies were unable to lay eggs on the meat in the covered jar.
As a result, Redi demonstrated that decaying meat did not produce maggots.
Francesco Redi's experiments disproved the concept of spontaneous generation.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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A woman brings in a spray puppy she has rescued off the street. She wants to adopt the dog.
but it looks sick. The dog seems tired, will not eat, and has diarrhea. Dr. Snyder looks very concerned. He takes a small sample of the puppy's feces and runs a test. Fifteen minutes later he comes back with bad news: the puppy has parvovirus. The disease is often fetal, but many dogs survive with good treatment.
Dr. Snyder tells Lizzie that parvovirus is preventable, and a dog cannot get infected if it is given a shot.
What type of shot would prevent a dog from the parvovirus disease? Explain how this shot protects a
dog so it cannot get sick from a virus.
Answer:
DHPP Vaccine
Explanation:
is used to protect your pet
a(n) is a compound that is produced in one tissue, released into circulation, then has an effect on a different organ.
The "hormone" is that compound which produced in one tissue, released into circulation, then has an effect on a different organ.
A family of signaling molecules known as hormones is delivered from distant organs in multicellular animals to control physiology and behavior. The proper development of fungi, plants, as well as animals depends on hormones.
Hormones are directly released into the bloodstream by endocrine glands. Numerous bodily processes, including growth, repair, and reproduction, are regulated by hormones. Numerous organ systems including hormones, including several that have been currently being studied and understood, were part of the endocrine system.
An agonistic relationship exists when one hormone would be required for the effects of a second hormone to manifest.
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A scientist isolated DNA from a particular bacterium and decided to analyze it. The sequence of the bacterial DNA is ATGGGCTASTCTT What will
the complementary strand be?
complementary strand of ATGGGCTASTCTT will TACCCGATAGAA
Base Pairing is a principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosineReplication is process of copying DNA prior to cell divisionDNA Polymerase copys DNA prior to cell divisionTransformation is process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain of bacteriagene is section of DNA that codes for a specific traitgenome is the entire "library" of genetic instructions in DNA that an organism inheritsgenotype is the combination of alleles located on homologous chromosomes that determines a specific characteristicTo know more about complementary strand visit :
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which question is most closely related to the feild of biology
The question most closely related to biology is, what influences the fish population's growth rate?
What kind of subject is biology?
The study of living things and their essential functions is the subject of the science known as biology. Botany, conservation, ecology, evolution, genetics, marine biology, medicine, microbiology, molecular biology, physiology, and zoology are only a few of the many disciplines included under the umbrella term "biology."
Books in this topic area are on biology, which is the study of living things. It focuses more specifically on all living organisms' structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and classification.
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Suggest why farmers in low-income countries may not use selective herbicides
Answer:
Many farmers in developing countries view pesticide use as the best means to
protect their crops against pests, such as desert locusts in parts of Africa this year, which are often the main
threat they face. As such, pesticides can provide the only form of crop insurance available.
Explanation:
Describe the system
you will model and
how you will model it.
Why did you choose
this type of model?
Answer:
fashion model
Explanation:
because a person who loves fashion will always make sure that he or she's always be a model
Write a grammatically correct sentence that compares that reactants and products of respiration
The reactant involved in cellular respiration is glucose molecule and six oxygen molecules, while the products are six molecules of carbondioxide and six molecules of water respectively. The chemical equation is
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
Cellular respiration is a catabolic process thus the reaction is exothermic yielding energy in the form of ATP. Cellular respiration is a process that spans through glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and the electron transport chain in supply the cells of the body with requisite energy for getting work done. The reverse reaction of cellular respiration is referred to as photosynthesis.
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si units are the modern form of the
Answer:
Metric system
Explanation:
"The International System of Units (SI) is system of units of measurements that is widely used all over the world. This modern form of the Metric system is based around the number 10 for convenience. A set unit of prefixes have been established and are known as the SI prefixes or the metric prefixes (or units)."
What roles do membrane proteins play in transporting only certain substances into a cell.
Some allow very specific molecules to pass, even against their concentration gradient. Others work as a one way control. Others let many things go through role do membrane proteins play in transporting only certain substances into a cell.
A molecule is two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds that form the smallest unit of matter that holds its composition and properties. Molecules shape the idea of chemistry. Molecules are marked with element symbols and atomic number subscripts. Atoms are the fundamental devices of elements. They consist of an atomic nucleus and surrounding electrons.
If an atom has an incomplete electron cell, it is said to have valence electrons. When two or more atoms come together to share their outer shell valence electrons, they form a chemical (covalent) bond and enter a lower energy state. When atoms combine, energy is released in an exothermic reaction. When a covalent bond is broken and the molecule splits, an energy input is required, thus making it endothermic.
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During which weeks in the moon’s cycle does the moon appear to be getting smaller? (1 point)
A. week 3 and week 4
B. week 1 and week 4
C. week 1 and week 2
B. week 2 and week 3 pls help I need this
The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits that have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of.
The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits that have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of natural selection.
What is natural selection?Natural selection is the process of selecting only dew traits to go to the next generation. Those traits are selected that are better and that can withstand future conditions.
It is a genetic process which is done naturally by the environment.
Thus, Natural selection provides the best explanation for the prevalence of genetically predisposed features that are advantageous for reproduction.
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The diagram shows the apparatus used to investigate osmosis.The volumes of solutions A, B, C, and D were the same at the start of the investigation. After one hour, the solutions moved up the glass tubes. Which solution was the most concentrated at the start of the investigation?
Osmosis occurs when water diffuses from the hypotonic solution (more diluted) to the hypertonic solution (less diluted) until the solute concentration is equal on both sides of the membrane. Ans: Solution D.
What is osmosis?When placing two solutions that differ in concentration separated only by a semipermeable membrane, we will see that only water molecules can pass through the membrane, not the solute molecules.
Water moves in favor of its concentration gradient, this is, it tends to go from the hypotonic solution (most diluted) to the hypertonic solution (less diluted), and keeps doing so until concentrations are equal in the cell interior and exterior.
This is an example of passive transport and it is called Osmosis.
In the exposed example, there were four tubes with equal volumes of solutions.
After an hour, volume at each tube was measured and compared,
Solution D was the one that showed the highest level in the glass tube. This result suggests that more water diffused to this tube compared to the other tubes.On the other hand, Solution A is the one that shows the lowest level in the glass tube. This result suggests that little amount of water diffused into this tube.
According to this comparison, we can assume that solution D was the most concentrated at the start of the experiment. A greater amount of water was needed to equal the solute concentrations at both sides of the membrane.
The answer is Solution D was the most concentrated at the start of the investigation.
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you need vitamins to use the carbohydrates, fats, and proteins you consume and to sustain numerous chemical reactions in your body.
True, B vitamins help human bodies utilize minerals, produce new red blood cells, use carbohydrates, protein, and fat, and maintain a healthy nervous system. The three most well-known B vitamins are thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin. Everybody has to take B-Complex vitamins every day.
Thiamin- Vitamin B1
Riboflavin- Vitamin B2
Niacin- Vitamin B3
Red Blood Cells (RBC)- Red blood cells are the cells responsible for the oxygen transport to all the cells of the living organism. RBC have hemoglobin which is responsible for red color in blood.
B-Complex vitamins contains 12 different types of Vitamin B which also includes, B1, B2, and B3.
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Please help due soon.
Answer:
eutrophication (last second)
2017 schulick endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress are jointly expressed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ipf)
There exist a link between lung fibrosis and stress on the endoplasmic reticulum.
Many fibrotic diseases such as Idiopathic Progression Fibrosis are related to the stress on the endoplasmic reticulum. The discovery of the first case of ER stress was fifteen years ago along with the discovery of a mutation in protein C. With apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells, differentiation of fibroblast and polarization M2 macrophage, lung fibrosis, and ER stress is linked with each other.
Various analyses and tests are being performed to understand the effects of ER stress and the factors that result in ER result in cells such as macrophages, alveolar epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. So, there exists a link between lung fibrosis and stress on the endoplasmic reticulum.
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cartilaginous fish (chondrichthyes): have a swim bladder. have teeth mineralized by calcium phosphate. are generally freshwater species. have well-developed kidneys.
Cartilaginous fish Chondrichthyes have teeth mineralized by calcium phosphate. The correct option is B.
What are Chondrichthyes?Chondrichthyes is a class of cartilaginous fishes, which have skeletons made primarily of cartilage.
They differ from the Osteichthyes, or bony fishes, which have skeletons made mostly of bone tissue.
Calcium phosphate mineralizes the teeth of cartilaginous fish. Mineralization of teeth is an operation in which living organisms incorporate cellular material with environmental minerals.
This process occurs to form a matrix structure, which usually results in harden structures such as tooth enamel or bone matrices.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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37) This Doppler radar instrument transmits electromagnetic energy in the form of microwaves. Some
microwave wavelengths are between the wavelengths of
1) gamma rays and x rays
(2) Infrared and radio waves
(3) ultraviolet and infrared
(4) x rays and ultraviolet
The purpose of weather radar, often referred to as Doppler weather radar, is to locate precipitation, assess its velocity and intensity, and determine the precipitation type, such as rain, snow, or hail. It does this by sending electromagnetic energy pulses into the sky.
Doppler radar may detect the mobility of the rain along the radar beam in addition to the precipitation in a rainstorm (by its reflectivity, or capacity to reflect microwave radiation). To put it another way, it can calculate how quickly hail or rain is travelling towards and far from the radar. The electromagnetic waves used by radar move at a rate of 300,000,000 m/s. A local TV news station's weatherman uses Doppler radar, for instance, to predict storms. A police officer might utilise Doppler radar to gauge the speed of an approaching car as an illustration. Astronomers might use Doppler radar to gauge the speed of a moving star as an illustration.
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blood, which is made up of multiple cell types including red and white blood cells, is an example of a(n)
The blood, which is made up of multiple cell types including red and white blood cells, is an example of a tissue.
What is a tissue?A tissue can be defined as a group of specialized cells that emerges by differentiation and work together to perform a given task (or more than only one) in the body.
In conclusion, the blood, which is made up of multiple cell types including red and white blood cells, is an example of a tissue.
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a forest is cut down to make room for a housing development. which population is most likely to survive? question 5 options: raccoons, which can eat a variety of foods woodpeckers that need to nest in a particular tree large predators that need to hunt over a wide area salamanders that hibernate in rotting logs
Raccoons can eat a variety of foods, according to the situation that forest is cut down to make room for a housing development, so this population has the best chance of survival. The correct option is A.
What is specialist species?Specialist species are the ones that require very particular resources. These lifeform frequently have a limited diet or necessitate a proper habitat condition to stay alive. Specialists encompass tigers salamanders.
A generalist species can thrive in a long area of environmental conditions as well as utilize a wide range of resources for illustration, a heterotroph with a varied feeding habits.
A specialist species can only thrive in a limited range of environmental conditions or generally has a restricted diet.
Raccoons can eat a variety of foods based on their respective environment. This population has the greatest chance of sustaining life as the forest is cut down to make room for a housing development..
Thus, the correct option is A.
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the ability of the kidneys to remove molecules from the blood plasma by excreting them in the urine is known as .
the ability of the kidneys to remove molecules from the blood plasma by excreting them in the urine is known as Glomerular filtration. one can estimate the efficiency of Glomerular by GFR Glomerular filtration rate
Measuring measured GFR (mGFR) is a difficult and time-consuming method that is not practicable for patients or doctors, making it difficult to obtain an accurate GFR level. Because of this, medical experts utilise a formula to determine GFR (eGFR). For diagnosing renal disease, which frequently has no symptoms until right before the kidneys fail, accurate estimates of GFR are crucial. A straightforward blood test that evaluates your creatinine levels is the typical method for estimating GFR. The regular breakdown of muscle tissue and the digestion of food protein both produce creatinine, a waste product. In addition to CKD, other factors such as food, muscle mass, or the weight of your muscles, malnutrition, and other chronic conditions can also have an impact on creatinine levels.
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insecticide resistance if the frequency of a gene for insecticide resistance is (a constant), then its frequency in the next generation is given by the expression
If an insecticide-resistant gene's frequency is constant, the expression for the gene's frequency in the following generation is given by
[tex]f = \frac{p * (1 + s)}{1 + sp}[/tex]
where s represents the reproductive advantage this gene has in the presence of the pesticide compared to the wild type.
Insecticide resistance: what is it?
Organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, and other types of insecticides that have a similar chemical makeup and method of action are classified into groups of insecticides (MOA). The precise mechanism by which an insecticide kills an insect or prevents its growth is known as MOA.
A pest population's susceptibility to a certain insecticide or set of insecticides changes heritably over time, which is referred to as insecticide resistance. The term "pesticide-resistant" refers to insects that consistently resist being sufficiently controlled by the registered rate of an insecticide. In areas with high levels of pesticide resistance, applying insecticides at many times the usual rate may not have any impact on bug populations.
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How do you think the density of two pieces of gold, one small and one large, would compare?
Answer & explanation:
Density is a fixed thing. The density of a molecule will not change, no matter how much of that molecule there is. A small and a large piece of gold will have the same density, but different weight, because the larger something is the more effect gravity will have.
list and describe the three variables of freshwater habitats that are different from variables that affect land habitats.
The habitat which affects the land habitats is temperature, water and moisture, and light.
What are land habitats?Different factors affect temperature, water, and moisture. Air, water and temperature, and many other factors affect the climatic conditions and affect the habitat as well.
Habitat is a dwelling place of animal. Birth rate, death rate and immigration are also some of the factors which affect the habitat.
Biotic factors, abiotic factors also affect the land habitat. Soil culture, soil shape and other factors also affects the land habitat.
Therefore, The habitat which affects the land habitats is temperature, water and moisture, and light.
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sea urchins are broadcast spawners: they release their gametes into the water without any courtship. which of these reproductive isolation mechanisms is most likely affecting sea urchins? group of answer choices mechanical isolation gametic isolation behavioral isolation habitat isolation
As sea urchins are the broadcast spawners: they all release their gametes into the water without any courtship so they have the gametic isolation
Sea urchins are the spiny, globular echinoderms in the class of Echinoidea. About the 950 species of the sea urchin live on the seabed of the every ocean and that inhabit every depth zone — from the intertidal to seashore they down to 5,000 meters. The spherical, hard shells of the sea urchins are about round and the spiny, that ranging in diameter from the 3 to 10 cm
The Gametic Isolation: the Reproductive Isolation where the mating does occur, but the male and the female gametes which cannot be bind to form the zygote. For example, the surface proteins on the eggs of one of the species prevent the sperm of the wrong species from the entering.
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various terms denote chains of amino acids based on the size of the chains. put the terms protein, peptide, and polypeptide in order from smallest at the top to largest at the bottom.
The correct order is peptide, polypeptide, Protein.
What is Protein?Large molecules and macromolecules known as proteins are made up of one or more extended amino acid residue chains. Among the many tasks that proteins carry out in living things include catalyzing metabolic processes, replicating DNA, reacting to stimuli, giving cells and organisms structure, and moving molecules from one place to another.
The primary way that proteins differ from one another is in the order of their amino acids, which is determined mostly by nucleotide sequence of their genes and typically causes a protein to fold into a certain 3D structure that controls its activity.
A polypeptide is an ordered sequence of amino acid residues. At least one lengthy polypeptide is present in every protein.
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The chains of amino acids from smallest to largest-
- peptide
- polypeptide
- protein
What are amino acids?Organic substances known as amino acids have both functional groups for amino and carboxylic acids. Alpha-amino acids, which make up proteins, are by far the most common amino acids in nature despite the fact that there are hundreds of them. The genetic coding only contains 22 alpha amino acids.
The locations of the primary structural functional groups in amino acids can be categorized as alpha, beta, gamma, or delta amino acids; further classifications relate to polarity, ionization, and the type of side chain group (aliphatic, acyclic, aromatic, containing hydroxyl or sulfur, etc.).
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of the taxa listed on the phylogeny, which is more distantly related (least related) to the lungfish? bats ceolacanths birds caecilians
Coelacanths can be considered as the animals (fish) that form the taxa more distantly related and/or least related to the lungfish in a phylogeny that includes bats, coelacanths birds and caecilians.
What are coelacanths?Coelacanths are fish belonging to both current and already extinct species, which are characterized by having intracranial joints, and one conduit which functions like a backbone for these fish species.
In conclusion, Coelacanths can be considered as the animals (fish) that form the taxa more distantly related and/or least related to the lungfish in a phylogeny that includes bats, coelacanths birds and caecilians.
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