Answer:
A position-time graph can support the statement that a positive slope results when an individual is moving away from the origin. This is because a positive slope on a position-time graph represents a positive velocity, which means that the object is moving in a positive direction (away from the origin). Conversely, a negative slope would indicate that the object is moving in a negative direction (towards the origin).
Option A and B are incorrect. A negative slope on a position-time graph indicates that the object is moving towards the origin, not away from it. A horizontal line on a position-time graph indicates that the object is not moving at all (velocity is zero), not moving at a non-zero velocity.
Option D is also incorrect. The speed of an individual can be determined from a position-time graph by calculating the slope of the graph at any point, which gives the velocity (speed and direction) of the individual at that point..
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Potassium superoxide, KO2, reacts with carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate and oxygen:
This reaction makes potassium superoxide useful in a self-contained breathing apparatus. How much O2 could be produced from 2.61 g of KO2 and 4.46 g of CO2?
First, we need to write out the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: 4 KO2 + 2 CO2 → 2 K2CO3 + 3 O2
From the equation, we can see that 4 moles of KO2 react with 2 moles of CO2 to produce 3 moles of O2. Therefore, we need to convert the given masses of KO2 and CO2 into moles:
moles of KO2 = 2.61 g / molar mass of KO2 = 2.61 g / 71.10 g/mol = 0.0367 mol
moles of CO2 = 4.46 g / molar mass of CO2 = 4.46 g / 44.01 g/mol = 0.1013 mol
Next, we need to determine the limiting reagent (the reactant that will be completely consumed in the reaction) by comparing the mole ratios of KO2 and CO2 in the balanced equation. The ratio of moles of KO2 to moles of CO2 is:
0.0367 mol KO2 / 4 mol KO2 per 2 mol CO2 = 0.0184 mol CO2
Since this ratio is less than the actual number of moles of CO2 we have (0.1013 mol), CO2 is in excess and KO2 is the limiting reagent.
Using the mole ratio from the balanced equation, we can calculate the number of moles of O2 produced:
moles of O2 = 3 mol O2 per 4 mol KO2 × 0.0367 mol KO2 = 0.0275 mol O2
Finally, we can convert the moles of O2 to grams:
mass of O2 = moles of O2 × molar mass of O2 = 0.0275 mol × 32.00 g/mol = 0.88 g
Therefore, 2.61 g of KO2 and 4.46 g of CO2 would produce 0.88 g of O2.
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Need help matching pairs of structures to diastereomers, enantiomers, constitutional isomers, not isomers, diff representations of the same?
A pair of molecules which exist in two forms that are mirror images of each other but cannot be superimposed one upon the other are called the enantiomers. They are present in pairs and have similar molecular shape.
The compounds with the same molecular formula but are non-superimposable non-mirror images are called diastereomers. They have distinct physical properties and molecular shape.
The constitutional isomers have the same molecular formula but have different bonding atomic organization and bonding patterns.
So here:
1st structure is constitutional isomers (c), 2nd structures are enantiomers (b) and the 3rd are completely different not isomers (d).
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barium reacts with cobalt (iii) cyanide to produce
Answer: Ba + Co(CN)₃ → Ba(CN)₂ + Co₂O₃
Explanation:
Barium reacts with cobalt (III) cyanide to produce barium cyanide and cobalt (III) oxide according to the following chemical equation:
Ba + Co(CN)₃ → Ba(CN)₂ + Co₂O₃
It is a type of displacement reaction.
A freezer is maintained at -7°C by removing heat from it at a rate of 80 kJ/min. The power input to the freezer is 0.5 kW, and the surrounding air is at 25°C. Determine (C) the second-law efficiency of this freezer
The second-law efficiency of this freezer is 94.7%.
What is the the second-law efficiency of a refrigerator?The second-law efficiency of a refrigerator or freezer is described as as the ratio of the desired cooling effect which is the heat removed from the cold reservoir) to the energy input required to achieve this cooling effect.
The second-law efficiency of a refrigerator formula is
η = Qc / W
we have the equation as
Qh = mCΔT = Qc
Tc = -7°C = 266 K
Th = 25°C = 298 K and
W = Qh / (1 - Tc/Th) = Qc / (1 - Tc/Th) = 3.3 W
we have found Qc = 3.125
W = 3.3 W
we then substitute into the second-law efficiency formula:
η = Qc / Wmin
η= 3.125 W / 3.3 W
η= 0.947 or 94.7%
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In a few sentences, briefly summarize how you were able to determine the amount of Vitamin C in fruit juice using DCPIP.
What mass of CO2 can be produced from 25.0 g CaCO3 given the decomposition reaction CaCO3 => CaO + CO2
25.0 g of CaCO3 will produce 11.0 g of CO2. Mass is an intrinsic property of an object, meaning it does not depend on the object's location or the presence of other objects.
What is Mass?
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. It is a scalar quantity and is typically measured in units such as grams (g) or kilograms (kg). Mass is not the same as weight, which is a measure of the force exerted on an object due to gravity.
The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is:
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
According to the equation, 1 mole of CaCO3 produces 1 mole of CO2. The molar mass of CaCO3 is 100.09 g/mol, which means that 1 mole of CaCO3 has a mass of 100.09 g.
To calculate the mass of CO2 produced from 25.0 g of CaCO3, we first need to convert the mass of CaCO3 to moles:
25.0 g CaCO3 x (1 mol CaCO3/100.09 g CaCO3) = 0.2498 mol CaCO3
Since 1 mole of CaCO3 produces 1 mole of CO2, we know that 0.2498 mol of CaCO3 will produce 0.2498 mol of CO2.
To convert the moles of CO2 to mass, we can use the molar mass of CO2, which is 44.01 g/mol:
0.2498 mol CO2 x 44.01 g/mol = 11.0 g CO2
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Can someone explain the Glyceraldehyde structure for me in detail please. I read that the first carbon atom is the only asymmetric one out of all three carbons and that the other two carbons do have four attachments that just aren’t different. I can’t even see how the atoms have four attachments though.
Answer:
Glyceraldehyde is a simple sugar with three carbon atoms attached to hydroxyl and hydrogen or carbonyl groups. The first carbon atom has four different groups, including an aldehyde group, which makes it asymmetric. This results in two stereoisomers, D-glyceraldehyde and L-glyceraldehyde, that are mirror images of each other and have opposite optical activities.
Difference between practical work inside a laboratory and outside a laboratory?
The main difference between practical work inside and outside a laboratory is the environment and tools used for experimentation.
Practical work inside and outside the laboratoryInside a laboratory, experiments are conducted in a controlled environment with specialized equipment and instruments designed to facilitate experimentation, record data, and ensure safety.
On the other hand, outside the laboratory, experiments are often conducted in a less controlled environment, which can make it more challenging to control variables and obtain accurate results.
Also, experiments outside the laboratory often require different tools and techniques to account for environmental factors such as weather conditions. However, outside the laboratory, there is often more opportunity for real-world applications of experimental findings.
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N
01H
H
The property of water shown allows it to-
A freeze faster than it boils due to sharing metallic bonds
B. support floating objects due to forces between covalent bonds
C remain stable due to electrons forming ionic bonds
D. be both cohesive and adhesive due to hydrogen bonds
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The special property of water is that it is able to be cohesive and adhesive due to their hydrogen bonds
Draw a model of the four types of nuclear decay and explain each. Pick the same element (Si-32) to start with.
Sure, I can explain the four types of nuclear decay and provide a model for each using Si-32 as an example.
Si-32 is a radioactive isotope of Silicon with 14 protons and 18 neutrons.
1. Alpha Decay:
In alpha decay, an unstable nucleus emits an alpha particle, which consists of two protons and two neutrons, reducing the atomic number by two and the mass number by four. This makes the resulting nucleus a different element.
Model: Si-32 → alpha particle + Mg-28
Explanation: Si-32 decays into an alpha particle (two protons and two neutrons) and becomes Mg-28.
2. Beta Decay:
In beta decay, a neutron is converted into a proton and an electron. The proton stays in the nucleus, and the electron is emitted as a beta particle. This increases the atomic number by one while keeping the mass number the same.
Model: Si-32 → beta particle + P-32
Explanation: Si-32 decays into a beta particle (an electron) and becomes P-32.
3. Gamma Decay:
Gamma decay occurs when an unstable nucleus emits high-energy photons called gamma rays. Unlike alpha and beta decay, gamma decay does not change the atomic number or mass number of the nucleus.
Model: Si-32 → Si-32 + gamma ray
Explanation: Si-32 emits a gamma ray but remains Si-32.
4. Electron Capture:
In electron capture, an unstable nucleus absorbs an electron from an inner shell, converting a proton into a neutron. This reduces the atomic number by one while keeping the mass number the same.
Model: Si-32 + electron → Al-32
Explanation: Si-32 captures an electron and becomes Al-32.
These four types of nuclear decay can occur in radioactive isotopes, and they result in a change in the atomic number and/or mass number of the nucleus.
please help show i need help
The complete table for the phase changes would be as follows:
solid to liquid: melting, heating, IMF's breaking, energy absorbedliquid to gas: vaporization, heating, IMF's breaking, energy absorbedsolid to gas: sublimation, heating, IMF's breaking, energy absorbedliquid to solid: freezing, cooling, IMF's forming, energy releasedgas to solid: deposition, cooling, IMF's forming, energy releasedgas to liquid: condensation, cooling, IMF's forming, energy releasedWhat are phase changes?Phase changes occur when a substance changes from one phase to another. When a significant amount of energy is gained or lost, this process takes place.
Phase change also depends on elements like pressure and temperature.
There are six ways a substance can change between these three phases; melting, freezing, evaporating, condensing, sublimation, and deposition.
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How many grams of magnesium oxide would be formed if 28.2 grams of magnesium was burned?
Mg + O2 --> MgO
When 28.2 grams of Mg is burned, 46.7 grams of MgO will be formed.
How to determine the amount of MgO formed when 28.2 grams of Mg is burnedThe balanced chemical equation for the combustion of magnesium is:
2 Mg + O2 --> 2 MgO
This equation shows that 2 moles of Mg react with 1 mole of O2 to produce 2 moles of MgO.
To determine the amount of MgO formed when 28.2 grams of Mg is burned, we first need to convert the given mass of Mg to moles:
molar mass of Mg = 24.31 g/mol
moles of Mg = mass of Mg / molar mass of Mg
moles of Mg = 28.2 g / 24.31 g/mol
moles of Mg = 1.16 mol
According to the balanced chemical equation, 2 moles of Mg produce 2 moles of MgO. Therefore, we can use the mole ratio to calculate the moles of MgO formed:
moles of MgO = moles of Mg x (2 moles of MgO / 2 moles of Mg)
moles of MgO = 1.16 mol x 1
moles of MgO = 1.16 mol
Finally, we can convert the moles of MgO to grams using its molar mass:
molar mass of MgO = 40.31 g/mol
mass of MgO = moles of MgO x molar mass of MgO
mass of MgO = 1.16 mol x 40.31 g/mol
mass of MgO = 46.7 g
Therefore, when 28.2 grams of Mg is burned, 46.7 grams of MgO will be formed.
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What common name is given to group 0 elements of the periodic table
How much heat, in joules, would be required to raise the temperature of 450 g of
Aluminum (c Al = 0.21 cal/g o C) from 19.5 o C to 31.2 o C?
Answer:
[tex]\huge\boxed{\sf Q = 1105.65\ cal}[/tex]
Explanation:
Given data:Mass = m = 450 g
T₁ = 19.5 °C
T₂ = 31.2 °C
Change in Temperature = ΔT = 31.2 - 19.5 = 11.7 °C
c = 0.21 cal/g °C
Required:Heat = Q = ?
Formula:Q = mcΔT
Solution:Put the given data in the above formula.
Q = (450)(0.21)(11.7)
Q = 1105.65 cal
[tex]\rule[225]{225}{2}[/tex]
How do I find solution concentration
To find the solution concentration, you need to know the amount of solute and the volume of the solution.
The solution concentration is typically expressed in terms of molarity (moles of solute per liter of solution). To calculate the molarity of a solution, divide the moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters.
Another way to express solution concentration is in terms of percent by mass or volume, which is calculated by dividing the mass or volume of the solute by the mass or volume of the solution and multiplying by 100.
To find the solution concentration, you'll need to calculate the ratio of solute (substance being dissolved) to solvent (substance doing the dissolving) in the mixture.
Concentration is commonly expressed in units like molarity (M), mass/volume percent, or parts per million (ppm).
To calculate molarity (M), divide the moles of solute by the volume of the solvent (in liters). The formula is:
Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solvent (L)
For mass/volume percent, divide the mass of the solute by the total volume of the solution and multiply by 100. The formula is:
Mass/volume percent = (mass of solute / total volume of solution) x 100
For parts per million (ppm), divide the mass of the solute by the total mass of the solution and multiply by 1,000,000.
The formula is:
ppm = (mass of solute / total mass of solution) x 1,000,000
Choose the appropriate formula based on the units required for your specific problem.
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Dimensional analysis with shapes
The surface area of the rectangular prism is 0.034 square meters.
For a rectangular prism with length l, width w, and height h, the surface area is:
Surface area = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh
Substituting the given values, we get:
Surface area = 2(10 cm x 5 cm) + 2(10 cm x 8 cm) + 2(5 cm x 8 cm)
Surface area = 100 cm² + 160 cm² + 80 cm² = 340 cm²
We can use dimensional analysis. So the conversion factor is:
1 m² / 10,000 cm²
Multiplying the surface area by this conversion factor, we get:
Surface area = 340 cm² x (1 m² / 10,000 cm²)
Surface area = 0.034 m²
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--The complete Question is, What is the surface area of a rectangular prism that has a length of 10 cm, a width of 5 cm, and a height of 8 cm? Use dimensional analysis to convert the answer to square meters--
what element has 68 degrees Celsius
What mass (grams) of magnesium chloride would be formed by the compete reaction of 72.8 grams of magnesium?
Mg +FeCl2 --> Fe + MgCl2
Answer: 285.63g of MgCl2.
Explanation:
Very easy stiochemistry question. Use the dimensional analysis. For example 1 m x 100 cm / 1m and meters get canceled out and 1 m is 100 cm.
For the question, start with the given things. You know that it was started with 72.8 grams of magnesium. Convert it to molar mass (to use moles for comparison), and then find the mass of mg.
Anyone know how to solve this?
The ratio of the concentrations at equilibrium is as follows:
3.7 0.85 0.04 21.3 42.6 12212.92 0.81 0.11 7.4 14.8 6012.2 0.63 0.43 1.5 3 274What are reactions in equilibrium?Chemical equilibrium is the point in a chemical reaction where both the forward and backward processes are occurring at the same rate.
The concentrations of the reactants and products are constant at equilibrium because the forward and reverse speeds are equal.
Considering the given statements based on the reaction equilibrium concentrations, the correct options are:
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If the initial temperature of an ideal gas at 2.250 atm
is 62.00 ∘C,
what final temperature would cause the pressure to be reduced to 1.700 atm?
You have 20.7 grams of water at -25.34 °C. You want to warm it to 155.0 °C. Use the information below to calculate how much heat this will require.
Csolid = 2.09 J/(g·°C)
ΔHfus = 333 J/g
Cvapor = 2.03 J/(g·°C)
ΔHvap = 2260 J/g
Answer:
Cvapor = 2.03 J/(g·°C)heu
The iodine monobromide molecule, IBr, has a bond length of 249 pm and a dipole moment of 1.21 D. (a) Which atom of the molecule is expected to have a negative charge? (b) Calculate the effective charges on the I and Br atoms in IBr in units of the electronic charge, e.
a. Br will have the negative charge
b. The effective charges on the I and Br atoms are approximately +1.012e and -1.012e, respectively.
How to determine the negative chargea. To identify which atom within an IBr molecule will have a partial negative charge, we must consider each atom's electronegativity.
On the periodic table, iodine (I) has an electronegativity value of 2.66 while bromine (Br) boasts 2.96; since Br has higher electronegativity it will attract electrons more strongly and hence have an even stronger partial negative charge.
B. To calculate the effective charges on the I and Br atoms in IBr, we can use the dipole moment equation:
μ = Q * d
where μ is the dipole moment, Q is the effective charge, and d is the bond length.
We are given the dipole moment (μ) as 1.21 D, and the bond length (d) as 249 pm. However, we need to convert the units to the SI system before proceeding with the calculation.
[tex]1 D (Debye) = 3.336 * 10^-^3^0 cm,\\\\1 pm = 10^-^1^2 m.[/tex]
Now we can solve for the effective charge (Q):[tex]u = 1.21 D * (3.336 × 10^-^3^0 Cm/D)\\ \\= 4.03656 * 10^-^3^0 cm\\d = 249 pm * (10^-12 m/pm) = 2.49 * 10^-^1^0 m[/tex]
Q = μ / d
[tex]Q = (4.03656 * 10^-^3^0 cm) / (2.49 *10^-^1^0 m) \\\\\\=1.62151 * 10^-^2^0 C[/tex]
This effective charge represents the charge difference between the I and Br atoms. To express the charges in units of the elementary charge (e), we need to divide the effective charge by the elementary charge value (e = 1.602 × 10^-19 C):
Q_e =[tex]\frac{(1.62151 * 10^-^2^0 C)}{(1.602 * 10^-^1^9 C)} = 1.012[/tex]
The effective charges on the I and Br atoms are approximately +1.012e and -1.012e, respectively.
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2. Using the law of conservation of mass, explain why the following reaction is
wrong: HCI + NaOH → NaCl.
According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the reactant must be equal to the mass of the product, hence the reaction is wrong
What is the conservation of mass?The law of conservation of mass states that mass within a closed system remains the same over time.
It states that the mass in an isolated system can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another.
Thus, the mass of the reactants must be equal to the mass of the products for a low energy thermodynamic process.
From the information given, we have the reaction written as;
HCI + NaOH → NaCl
The mass of the reactant Hydrogen(H) is not found on the product
The mass of the reactant(Oxygen) is also not found
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How many grams of O are in 615g of N2O?
There are approximately 223.2 grams of oxygen in 615 grams of N2O.
To find the number of grams of O in 615g of N2O, we first need to understand the chemical formula of N2O. N2O is a compound made up of two nitrogen atoms (N) and one oxygen atom (O). Therefore, the molecular weight of N2O would be:
(2 x atomic weight of N) + (1 x atomic weight of O)
= (2 x 14.01 g/mol) + (1 x 16.00 g/mol)
= 44.01 g/mol
Now, to calculate the number of grams of O in 615g of N2O, we need to know the proportion of O in the compound. Since there is only one oxygen atom in each molecule of N2O, we can find the proportion of O by dividing the atomic weight of O by the molecular weight of N2O:
Atomic weight of O / Molecular weight of N2O
= 16.00 g/mol / 44.01 g/mol
= 0.363
This means that oxygen makes up 36.3% of the total weight of N2O. To find the number of grams of O in 615g of N2O, we can multiply the total weight by the proportion of O:
615g x 0.363
= 223.2g
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Efficient synthesis in 7 steps or less.
1) Bromination of propylene to form 2-bromopropane using NBS and a Lewis acid catalyst.
What is Bromination?Bromination is a chemical process in which bromine is added to a molecule. This can be done by either direct substitution or as a substitution reaction, allowing for the addition of one or more bromine atoms to the molecule. Bromination is a commonly used organic reaction, particularly in the laboratory, and can be used to alter the properties of a compound. It can also be used to produce a wide range of products, including aromatics and halogenated compounds. Bromination is particularly useful in pharmaceutical synthesis, as the products of this reaction often have desirable bioactivity.
2) Reduction of 2-bromopropane to 2-propanol using NaBH₄
3) Reaction of 2-propanol with phosphorus tribromide to form 2-bromopropanol
4) Alkylation of 2-bromopropanol with methyl iodide to form 2-bromopropyl methyl ether
5) Reduction of 2-bromopropyl methyl ether to 2-methoxypropane using NaBH₄
6) Reaction of 2-methoxypropane with phosphorus tribromide to form 2-bromo-2-methoxypropane
7) Reduction of 2-bromo-2-methoxypropane to Compound X using NaBH₄
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Haw many valance electrons in the following atoms.
O Na Sr
Answer:O has 6, Na has 1, and Sr has 2.
Explanation:
The article talks mainly about A. Dr. Dituri's small underwater habitat B. Dr. Dituri's Project Neptune 100 C. Dr. Dituri's talks with other scientists D. Dr. Dituri's 28 years in the U.S. Navy
We see here that the article is actually talking about: B. Dr. Dituri's Project Neptune 100.
What is an article?A piece of writing known as an article is typically printed in a newspaper, magazine, or journal. It may address a variety of subjects, such as news, features, essays, research findings, and reviews.
We can see here that in the article, being referred to in the question is known as "A Chat With the Scientist Living Underwater for 100 Days,".
From the article, it is very clear that it refers to Dr. Dituri's Project Neptune 100. Retired Navy officer, Joseph Dituri is seeking to break the current record for longest period of time spent submerged.
Note: I can't post the article here. But I have provided the title of the article above.
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A helium-filled balloon of the type used in long-distance flying contains 1.5 ✕ 107 L of helium. Let us say you fill the balloon with helium on the ground where the pressure is 837 mm Hg and the temperature is 18.4°C. When the balloon ascends to a height of 6 miles where the pressure is only 707. mm Hg and the temperature is -31°C, what volume is occupied by the helium gas? Assume the pressure inside the balloon matches the external pressure.
We can use the combined gas law to solve this problem:
(P1V1/T1) = (P2V2/T2)
where P1, V1, and T1 are the initial pressure, volume, and temperature, respectively, and P2, V2, and T2 are the final pressure, volume, and temperature, respectively.
We are given that the initial pressure is P1 = 837 mm Hg and the initial volume is V1 = 1.5 × 10^7 L. The initial temperature is T1 = 18.4°C, which we need to convert to Kelvin by adding 273.15:
T1 = 18.4°C + 273.15 = 291.55 K
We are also given that the final pressure is P2 = 707 mm Hg and the final temperature is T2 = -31°C, which we need to convert to Kelvin:
T2 = -31°C + 273.15 = 242.15 K
Now we can solve for the final volume, V2:
(P1V1/T1) = (P2V2/T2)
V2 = (P1V1T2) / (P2T1)
V2 = (837 mm Hg * 1.5 × 10^7 L * 242.15 K) / (707 mm Hg * 291.55 K)
V2 = 5.26 × 10^6 L
Therefore, the volume occupied by the helium gas at the higher altitude is 5.26 × 10^6 L.
Thanks so much to anyone who can help!!!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
1.8mol
Explanation:
this is the ans but in the option there is
not give
Which best explains why individual chlorine atoms form covalent bonds with each other?
A. to increase their mass
B. to become more reactive
C. to maintain positive charges in their nuclei
D. to have eight electrons in their valence shells
The correct answer is D. to have eight electrons in their valence shells.
What is a covalent bond?A covalent bond is a chemical relationship that requires the sharing of electrons between atoms to generate electron pairs. These electron couples are known as bonding pairs or sharing pairs.
Covalent bonding is the steady balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons.
Covalent Bond Types
A single ionic bond.Covalent bonds with two protons.The triple covalent bond.Learn more about Covalent Bond here:
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