Which stakeholders have a role to play in workplace CSR and how

do they influence practice? Justify your choices and illustrate

with examples.

To calculate the amount of money saved by the homestead exemption for the homeowner, we need to know the percentage of the assessed value that is exempt from each tax. The homestead exemption varies by state and can also vary by county within a state.

Assuming that the homestead exemption in this case is 20% of the assessed value, the amount saved by the homeowner can be calculated as follows:

Total millage rate = County tax rate + City tax rate + School board tax rate

Total millage rate = 7 + 8 + 9

Total millage rate = 24

Taxable assessed value = Assessed value - Homestead exemption

Taxable assessed value = $249,000 - (20% x $249,000)

Taxable assessed value = $199,200

Total taxes due = Taxable assessed value x Total millage rate / 1,000

Total taxes due = $199,200 x 24 / 1,000

Total taxes due = $4,780.80

Without the homestead exemption, the taxes due would have been calculated as:

Taxes due without exemption = Assessed value x Total millage rate / 1,000

Taxes due without exemption = $249,000 x 24 / 1,000

Taxes due without exemption = $5,976

Therefore, the homestead exemption saves the homeowner $1,195.20 ($5,976 - $4,780.80) in taxes.

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"As interest rates increase, the quantity of money demanded decreases, as people are more likely to invest in bonds with higher returns."

To determine the quantity of money demanded at different interest rates, we need to use the money demand function. Unfortunately, without a specific money demand function, I cannot provide exact quantities in $ billion. However, I can help you understand the general relationship between the quantity of money demanded and the interest rate on bonds.

When interest rates increase (e.g., from 6% to 8%), people tend to hold less money and invest more in bonds, as bonds become more attractive due to the higher returns. Therefore, the quantity of money demanded decreases when interest rates increase.

The statement that best explains the relationship between the quantity of money demanded and the interest rate on bonds is:

"As interest rates increase, the quantity of money demanded decreases, as people are more likely to invest in bonds with higher returns."

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The cost to firms of changing prices b) is called a menu cost, which refers to the costs associated with updating prices, such as the cost of printing new price lists or updating computer systems.

Even when there is rapid inflation, the cost to firms of changing prices is small. However, if inflation is not perfectly anticipated, there may be additional costs associated with changing prices, such as the cost of lost sales or the cost of communicating new prices to customers.

These additional costs can add up over time, making it more expensive for firms to change prices. Ultimately, the cost to firms of changing prices will depend on a variety of factors, including the nature of the market, the degree of competition, and the overall level of inflation.

Overall, while the cost to firms of changing prices may be small, it is still an important consideration for businesses looking to maintain their profitability and competitiveness in the marketplace.

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A government incentive for non-profit hospitals to provide free services to poor patients is typically in the form of a grant.

The government can provide a grant to the hospital to cover a certain number of patient visits, treatments, or services. This allows the hospital to provide these services to the poor without having to charge them. The grant can also cover the cost of any supplies, equipment, or personnel needed to carry out the services.

This is an important way for the government to support non-profit hospitals in providing essential health care services to those who would not be able to afford them otherwise. Additionally, the hospital may also receive tax credits or other benefits for providing these services to the poor.

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The Easy to grow, store, and distribute. The best horticultural crops are those that require less labor, are easy to grow, store well, and can be distributed to a wider market.

These crops are also more profitable as they require less input cost and can cater to a larger audience. While starches and grains are important crops, they are not necessarily the best horticultural crops as they require a lot of labor and may not be as profitable as other crops.

a. those that demand a significant manpower commitment to expand.

b. simple to store, distribute, and grow.

c. cereals and carbohydrates, such corn and wheat.

d. those with the greatest capacity for both profit and food production.

The best horticultural crops are those that are easy to grow, store, and distribute because they require less labor, resources, and time, leading to increased efficiency and productivity in the agricultural industry. This in turn helps to maximize food security and meet the demands of growing populations.

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To calculate the call premium for a bond with a 6% coupon rate, a yield to call of 6.90%, and a current selling price of $1,070, follow these steps:
1. Determine the bond's par value: Since most bonds have a par value of $1,000, we will assume that the par value for this bond is $1,000.

2. Calculate the call price: To do this, subtract the bond's par value from its current selling price: $1,070 - $1,000 = $70.
3. Calculate the call premium: The call premium is the difference between the call price and the par value of the bond. In this case, the call premium is $70.
So, the call premium for this bond is $70.

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In a financial statement auditing context, fraud is best defined as an intentional misstatement of the financial statements.

Fraud involves deliberate deception, either by commission or omission, that is intended to create a false impression or mislead others. In the context of financial statement auditing, fraud can take many forms, such as misstating revenue, hiding liabilities, or misrepresenting expenses.

While unintentional errors can also lead to misstatements in financial statements, these are generally not considered fraud unless they result from a reckless disregard for the truth or a failure to apply appropriate accounting principles.

It's important to note that auditors have a responsibility to detect and report fraud in financial statements, and are expected to exercise professional skepticism and due care in their work to identify any potential issues.

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In the short run, the price will rise due to the increased demand, but in the long run, the number of firms will increase and the price will return to its original level. Therefore, the correct answer is "rises; does not change; equal to what."

If there is a permanent increase in demand in a perfectly competitive market that is in long-run equilibrium with a price of $12, the market price will rise in the short run. This is because in the short run, the existing firms cannot increase their production enough to meet the increased demand, so the price will rise to balance supply and demand. However, in the long run, new firms will enter the market to take advantage of the higher price and profits, increasing the supply and bringing the price back down. Therefore, in the long run, the number of firms will increase and the price will be equal to what it was before the increase in demand.

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False. A job order cost system is most appropriate when a company produces a variety of customized or unique products, rather than a large volume of identical or uniform products.

In a job order cost system, costs are assigned to each individual job or project, rather than being averaged across a large volume of identical products. This allows for more accurate tracking of costs and profitability for each job or project. Job order cost systems are commonly used in industries such as construction, custom manufacturing, and printing, where each project or job requires unique inputs and processes, and the costs associated with each job can vary significantly.

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Yes, the statement "Lemon meringue pie is the best dessert ever invented," is an example of a belief because it expresses a subjective opinion rather than a fact.

Beliefs are personal opinions or convictions that are held to be true by an individual or a group of individuals. In this case, the belief is that lemon meringue pie is the best dessert ever invented, which is a subjective opinion that may be different for other people.

In other words, beliefs are personal convictions, attitudes, or opinions that we hold about the world, ourselves, or others, and they are shaped by our experiences, culture, and values. While some people may agree that lemon meringue pie is the best dessert ever, others may have different preferences or tastes.

Therefore, beliefs are not universal truths, but rather individual perspectives that can vary from person to person. It is important to acknowledge and respect other people's beliefs, even if we do not share them ourselves.

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Ling is referring to two types of costs related to inventory management: holding costs and stockout costs. Holding costs refer to the expenses incurred to store and maintain inventory, including storage fees, insurance, and inventory management software.

Ling is worried that the costs of holding excess inventory due to supply-chain disruptions caused by the pandemic will be too high.

On the other hand, stockout costs refer to the costs of running out of inventory and not being able to meet customer demand. This includes lost sales, rush shipping fees, and potential damage to a company's reputation. Ling may also be concerned about these costs if supply-chain disruptions result in shortages of raw materials or finished goods.

In summary, Ling is worried about both holding costs and stockout costs related to inventory management in the face of supply-chain disruptions caused by the pandemic.

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To record the return of 330 goods originally sold on credit under the periodic inventory system, Sunland would create a journal entry to reduce accounts receivable and sales revenue and adjust sales tax liability if applicable.

When a business sells goods on credit, it records the transaction as an account receivable in its books. If a customer returns goods that were originally sold on credit, the business needs to adjust its books to reflect the return of the goods and the corresponding reduction in accounts receivable.

Under the periodic inventory system, the business updates its inventory and cost of goods sold accounts only at the end of the accounting period. Therefore, to record the return of 330 goods originally sold on credit, Sunland would follow these steps:

Create a journal entry to record the return of the goods. Since the goods were returned, the accounts receivable for the sale need to be reduced. The entry would be as follows:

Accounts Receivable -330

Sales Revenue -330

Since Sunland uses the periodic inventory system, it doesn't update inventory accounts until the end of the accounting period. Therefore, it doesn't need to adjust its inventory accounts for the return of the goods.

If the original sale was subject to sales tax, Sunland would also need to adjust its sales tax liability account to reflect the return of the goods. The entry would be:

Sales Tax Payable -X

Accounts Receivable -X

Where X represents the amount of sales tax originally collected on the sale. By making these adjustments, Sunland can accurately reflect the return of the goods and maintain accurate records for its financial statements.

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If you believe that the crash avoidance system has a flaw that could endanger people, it is important to take action to ensure that the system is corrected before it is released to the public. Here are some steps you could consider taking:

Discuss your concerns with your colleagues: Share your concerns about the system with your team members and other colleagues who are working on the project.

Th+ey may have insights or suggestions that could help address the flaw or support your position.

Document your concerns: Keep a record of your concerns in writing, including any data or research that supports your position. This will help you make a stronger case if you need to escalate the issue to higher authorities.

Talk to your supervisor: If your project manager is not concerned about the flaw, you should consider speaking with your supervisor or another manager in the organization. Explain your concerns and provide evidence to support your position.

Consider escalating the issue: If you are still not satisfied with the response you receive from your supervisor or manager, you may need to escalate the issue to a higher authority, such as a regulatory agency or the company's executive leadership.

This is a serious step, and should only be taken after careful consideration.

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The total direct manufacturing costs for superhero costumes at Superhero Toys Inc. can be calculated by adding up the costs of labor, materials, and other direct expenses related to costume production

To determine the total direct manufacturing costs for super-hero costumes, we need to consider the costs directly related to producing the costumes. These costs include: 1. Direct Materials: The cost of the fabric, thread, glue, and other materials used to make the costumes. 2. Direct Labor: The cost of the laborers who use tools such as scissors, glue, and sewing machines to make the costumes by hand. 3. Manufacturing Overhead: The indirect costs such as utilities, rent, and maintenance expenses that are necessary to keep the manufacturing facility running. Since the costumes are made by hand, the direct manufacturing costs for the costumes would include only the direct materials and direct labor costs. We do not need to consider manufacturing overhead costs as they are not directly related to the production of costumes. Therefore, the total direct manufacturing costs for super-hero costumes would be the sum of the cost of the direct materials used to make the costumes plus the cost of the laborers who make the costumes by hand.

the total direct manufacturing costs for superhero costumes at Superhero Toys Inc. can be calculated by adding up the costs of labor, materials, and other direct expenses related to costume production. However, the information necessary to compute these costs has not been provided. Please provide the relevant cost information to help you determine the total direct manufacturing costs for superhero costumes.

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This contract is bilateral because both parties, the company, and the manufacturer, have agreed to perform certain actions and have obligations to each other.

The company agrees to pay the manufacturer $10.00 for each product built, provide design specifications and Quality Control Managers, and indemnify and hold harmless the manufacturer from legal action arising from the sale of the product.

The manufacturer, on the other hand, agrees to build the product exactly as specified in the design specifications with 100% accuracy at their own cost. Both parties have obligations to perform under the terms of the contract, making it a bilateral contract.

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Interest expenses incurred on debt financing are included when computing cash flows from a project.

When computing cash flows from a project, interest expenses incurred on debt financing are typically included as a component of the project's operating expenses. This is because interest expenses are a cash outflow that the project incurs as a result of taking on debt financing. However, it's important to note that the tax implications of interest expenses also need to be considered when computing cash flows. In some cases, the tax benefits of interest expenses may partially offset the cash outflows.

Nonetheless, interest expenses are an important consideration when analyzing the cash flows of a project, as they can impact the project's profitability and ability to generate positive cash flows.

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This approach ensures that inventory is reported accurately on the company's balance sheet, providing a clear picture of the company's financial health.

Based on the lower-of-cost-or-net realizable value method, company X should record its inventory at $10,000, which is the lower of the two values. This method requires that inventory be valued at the lower of its cost or its net realizable value, which is the estimated selling price less any selling costs that may be incurred. In this case, the net realizable value of $12,000 is higher than the book value of $10,000, but the lower value should be used to record the inventory in the company's books. This conservative approach ensures that inventory is not overvalued, which can lead to inaccurate financial statements and misleading financial ratios. In the event that the net realizable value falls below the book value, the inventory would be written down to the lower value.

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The expected return on the portfolio is 8.73%.

The expected return on the portfolio can be calculated as the weighted average of the expected returns on the individual stocks, where the weights are the proportions of the total portfolio invested in each stock.

So, the weight of stock a in the portfolio is:
$2,900 / ($2,900 + $3,900) = 0.426

And the weight of stock b in the portfolio is:
$3,900 / ($2,900 + $3,900) = 0.574

Using these weights and the expected returns on the stocks, we can calculate the expected return on the portfolio as:

Expected return on portfolio = (0.426 x 7%) + (0.574 x 10%)
Expected return on portfolio = 0.299 + 0.574
Expected return on portfolio = 0.873 or 8.73%

Therefore, the expected return on the portfolio is 8.73%.

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Clustering is a fault-tolerance technique that links multiple servers together to act as a single server.

Clustering is a technique used to enhance the availability and scalability of computer systems. In a cluster, multiple servers are connected together to work as a single unit, providing redundancy and failover capabilities. The servers, or nodes, in a cluster are typically linked by high-speed interconnects, and they share access to common storage resources such as disk arrays or network-attached storage.

In a clustered environment, if one node fails, the workload can be automatically redirected to another node in the cluster, allowing the system to continue operating despite the failure. Clustering can also improve system performance by allowing workloads to be distributed across multiple nodes.

There are several types of clustering, including high-availability clustering, load-balancing clustering, and fault-tolerant clustering. High-availability clustering is designed to provide continuous availability of critical applications and services, while load-balancing clustering distributes workloads across multiple nodes to improve performance. Fault-tolerant clustering is used to provide redundancy and failover capabilities, ensuring that the system can continue operating in the event of a hardware or software failure.

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A discount on bonds payable occurs when a company issues bonds with a contract rate less than the market rate. Therefore, the correct option is A.

This is because investors will be less inclined to purchase bonds with a lower contract rate, so the bonds must be sold at a discount to attract buyers. This discount effectively increases the bond's yield, making it more attractive to investors despite the lower contract rate. Consequently, the bond payable account is increased, and the total bond interest expense is higher due to the discount.

Hence, the correct answer is option A: Occurs when a company issues bonds with a contract rate less than the market rate.

Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: A discount on bonds payable: Multiple Choice A) Occurs when a company issues bonds with a contract rate less than the market rate. B) Occurs when a company issues bonds with a contract rate more than the market rate. C) Increases the Bond Payable account. D) Decreases the total bond interest expense. E) Is not allowed in many states to protect creditors.

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A subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant, nonvolatile collection of data used in support of management decision-making data warehouse.

A data warehouse is a centralized repository that stores large amounts of data collected from various sources within an organization. This data is organized in a way that makes it easy for business users to access and analyze for decision-making purposes. Data warehouses are designed to support business intelligence (BI) activities, such as reporting, data mining, and online analytical processing (OLAP).

In a typical data warehouse, data is extracted from various transactional systems and transformed into a standardized format for easy analysis. The data is then loaded into the warehouse, where it can be accessed by business analysts, data scientists, and other stakeholders. Data warehouses are designed to handle large volumes of data, making it easier for organizations to identify trends, patterns, and insights that can inform strategic decision-making.

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The company's expected value of each warranty sold is $28.54.
Expected value is calculated by multiplying the probability of an event by its potential payout and summing up all possible outcomes.

The company offers a 2-year extended warranty for $21. If a customer purchases the warranty, the company will earn $21 in revenue. However, if the product fails within the extended warranty period, the company will have to replace it, which will cost $150.
To calculate the expected value of each warranty sold, we need to consider both outcomes. The probability of a product failing within the extended warranty period is very low, so we can assume that the company will earn $21 from most customers. However, for a small percentage of customers whose products fail within the extended warranty period, the company will have to pay out $150 for replacement.
Using these values, we can calculate the expected value of each warranty sold as follows:
Expected value = (probability of no failure x payout for no failure) + (probability of failure x payout for failure)
Expected value = (99.9% x $21) + (0.1% x -$129)
Expected value = $28.54 (rounded to the nearest cent)

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Shares of stock without par value can be issued by a corporation for any consideration that is determined by the corporation's board of directors.

This consideration can be in the form of cash, property, services, or any other valuable asset. Unlike shares with par value, which have a fixed value that is stated on the face of the stock certificate, shares without par value do not have a predetermined value.
When a corporation issues shares without par value, it gives the board of directors more flexibility in determining the price of the shares. This can be beneficial for the corporation because it allows them to adjust the price of the shares to better reflect the current market conditions and the value of the company.

Additionally, shares without par value can be more attractive to investors because they offer greater potential for capital appreciation.
It is important to note that while shares without par value do not have a fixed value, they still represent ownership in the corporation and come with all the rights and benefits of owning stock.

This includes the right to vote on corporate matters, receive dividends, and participate in the growth of the company.
In conclusion, shares of stock without par value may be issued for any consideration that is determined by a corporation's board of directors.

This flexibility allows the corporation to adjust the price of the shares to better reflect the market conditions and value of the company, while still offering investors all the benefits of owning stock.

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The value of X is 12 when solved using PEDMAS. The correct answer is c.

To solve this problem, we must follow the order of operations or PEMDAS (Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division, and Addition and Subtraction) to simplify the expression.

First, we have to solve the parentheses, which involves dividing 5 by 25, resulting in 0.2, and then multiplying it by 100, resulting in 20. So the expression now becomes:

X = 22 + 10 - 20

Next, we can combine the integers 22 and 10, which gives us 32. So now we have:

X = 32 - 20

Finally, we can subtract 20 from 32, which gives us:

X = 12

Therefore, the answer is c. 12.

It is important to follow the order of operations to get the correct answer. Failing to do so can result in a wrong answer. PEMDAS is a mnemonic device that helps us remember the correct order of operations.

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The given statement "At an annual interest rate of 9%, an initial sum of money will double approximately every 8 years" is True because the Rule of 72 helps to explain this concept in a simple and easily understandable way.

The statement that an initial sum of money will double approximately every 8 years at an annual interest rate of 9% can be explained using the Rule of 72.

The Rule of 72 is a quick formula used to estimate the number of years required to double the value of an investment or money deposited at a fixed annual interest rate. To find the approximate number of years it takes for an investment to double, you simply divide 72 by the annual interest rate.

In this case, the annual interest rate is 9%. Using the Rule of 72, we can calculate the approximate number of years it would take for the initial sum to double:

72 ÷ 9 = 8

According to this calculation, it would take approximately 8 years for the initial sum of money to double at an annual interest rate of 9%. It is important to note that the Rule of 72 is an approximation and may not be perfectly accurate for all scenarios, but it provides a useful tool for quickly estimating the time it takes for an investment to double in value.

The question was incomplete, Find the full content below:

At an annual interest rate of 9%, an initial sum of money will double approximately every 8 years.

True or False

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Rounding this to the nearest whole dollar amount gives us an interest expense of $10,203 for the first payment period.

To start, we need to calculate the semiannual coupon payment for Lizzy's Lemonade bonds.

The coupon rate is 5% and the face value is $100,000, so the annual coupon payment is:
$100,000 x 0.05 = $5,000

Since interest is paid semiannually, the semiannual coupon payment is:
$5,000 / 2 = $2,500

Next, we need to calculate the effective semiannual interest rate based on the bond's pricing.

The bond was sold for $88,443, which is less than the face value of $100,000.

This means that the bond is priced at a discount.

The discount is the difference between the face value and the selling price:
$100,000 - $88,443 = $11,557

To determine the effective semiannual interest rate, we divide the discount by the face value and multiply by two (since interest is paid semiannually):
($11,557 / $100,000) x 2 = 0.23114

This means that the effective semiannual interest rate is 23.114%.

However, we need to round this to 6 decimal places and then divide by 2 to get the periodic interest rate:
0.23114 rounded to 6 decimal places is 0.231140, which when divided by 2 is 0.115570.

So the periodic interest rate is 11.557%.

Finally, we can calculate the interest expense for the first payment period, which covers the period from January 1, 2024, to June 30, 2024.

To do this, we multiply the carrying value of the bond (which is the initial selling price of $88,443) by the periodic interest rate:
$88,443 x 0.115570 = $10,202.98

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To apply the average cost retail inventory method, you need to calculate the cost-to-retail percentage (i.e., dividing the cost of inventory by its retail value). Then, you can apply this percentage to the estimated retail value of Toso's inventory as of December 31, 20x1, to determine its estimated cost.

Assuming that the cost-to-retail percentage for Toso's inventory is 70% (i.e., the cost of inventory is 70% of its retail value), we can calculate the estimated cost of inventory as follows:

Estimated cost = Estimated retail value x Cost-to-retail percentage
Estimated cost = $640,000 x 70%
Estimated cost = $448,000

Therefore, the answer to the question is a. $449,667, which is the closest estimate to our calculated value. The other options (b. $458,526, c. $440.000, and d. $435.000) are not as close to our calculated value and are therefore not the correct answer.

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Based on the information provided in the question, the Mallak Company produced three joint products at a joint cost of $149,200. Out of these three products, two products were processed further, and their production and sales data were provided. The weight of product P is 363,000 lbs., and its sales value is $290,400. The weight of product Q is 144,000 lbs., and its sales value is $43,200.

To allocate the joint costs based on relative weight, we need to calculate the total weight of all three products, which is 651,000 lbs. Now, we can calculate the relative weight of each product as follows: Relative weight of product P = 363,000 lbs. / 651,000 lbs. = 0.557The weight of product R is 144,000 lbs., and its sales value is $252,000.
- Relative weight of product Q = 144,000 lbs. / 651,000 lbs. = 0.221
- Relative weight of product R = 144,000 lbs. / 651,000 lbs. = 0.221
Next, we need to allocate the joint costs to each product based on its relative weight. Therefore, the joint costs allocated to product P would be:Joint costs allocated to product P = Relative weight of product P * Total joint costs
= 0.557 * $149,200
= $83,034.40
Therefore, $83,034.40 of the joint costs would be allocated to product P if joint costs are allocated based on relative weight of the outputs, and all products are main products.

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option (c) is the correct answer. The communication objective of advertising is to inform or persuade the members of a particular audience.

By definition, the communication objective of advertising is to inform or persuade the members of a particular audience.

Advertising is a form of marketing communication that aims to promote or sell a product, service, or idea to a target audience. Its primary communication objective is to inform the audience about the benefits of the advertised product or service, or to persuade them to buy it. Through advertising, companies try to reach a specific target audience and create awareness, interest, desire, and action.

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The change in retained earnings of a firm is found by subtracting dividends paid from the net income. Retained earnings represent the portion of a company's net income that is not paid out as dividends to shareholders but is instead kept for reinvestment into the business.

When a company earns a profit, it can choose to either pay out a portion of the earnings to shareholders as dividends or retain the earnings for future growth opportunities. The retained earnings are added to the company's existing retained earnings balance, creating a cumulative amount that reflects the total earnings the company has retained over time.

Dividends paid to shareholders reduce the amount of net income that is retained by the company, thus impacting the change in retained earnings. If a company pays out more in dividends than it earns in net income, the retained earnings balance will decrease, while if it retains more of its earnings, the retained earnings balance will increase. Therefore, the change in retained earnings is an important indicator of a company's financial health and its ability to reinvest in its future growth.

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