which of the following values is widely shared across cultures? multiple choice question. indignation independence monetary success benevolence

"The proposition that people react to emergency situations by acting in the most cost-effective way to reduce the arousal of shock and alarm is called the cost/reward model."

The cost/reward model suggests that in emergency situations, individuals tend to respond in a way that minimizes the cost of their actions and maximizes the benefits. This model proposes that people respond to an emergency by evaluating the costs and rewards associated with different responses and choosing the most cost-effective action to reduce the shock and alarm.

For instance, if a person hears a fire alarm, they might quickly evaluate the cost of exiting the building and the reward of avoiding harm and then act accordingly. This model emphasizes the rationality of human behavior and how people seek to reduce the negative emotions associated with emergency situations.

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"The first memory strategy acquired by most children is rehearsal" is true as rehearsal is the most basic strategy for storing new knowledge.

According to psychologists, rehearsal is the most basic strategy for storing new knowledge. Children use this strategy to store knowledge in their working memory, which is the temporary storage system used to manage cognitive demands.

This strategy involves the process of repeating new information multiple times until it is transferred to long-term memory. It's also known as rote learning, which is characterized by the repetition of material until it's committed to memory.

This method is used to remember and memorize new vocabulary, arithmetic facts, and other factual information.Since it is a basic and instinctive strategy, it is commonly used by children.

However, as they grow and develop, they begin to use more advanced memory strategies, such as elaboration, organization, and categorization, which help them to store information more efficiently. These advanced strategies use visual, auditory, and other sensory methods to store information.

To sum it up, the first memory strategy that most children acquire is rehearsal. This method is used to commit new knowledge to memory by repeating it several times.

Although it is a basic technique, it aids in the creation of more advanced techniques that are used to store information more effectively as children grow and develop.

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Our friend's request is consistent with the principle of "spatial resolution", which refers to the ability to detect separate objects or sounds as they become closer together. For example, when we were sitting ten rows away from our friend at the football game, we could not make out their words until they were closer to us.

When we were able to make out our friend's request from ten rows down, you were effectively decoding their speech. In order to do this, we had to pay attention to the context of the situation, the facial expressions of our friend, and other subtle cues that helped you decipher what they were saying.

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Answer:with the results of the sumby and pollack study on the audiovisual advantage

Explanation:

The theoretical approach that uses the analogy of the human body in assessing the role of each part of society in the continuation of society as a whole is Functionalism or Structural functionalism.

The body analogy used in this perspective means that every part of society has a specific function, just like every organ in the human body has a specific role to play in maintaining the health of the entire body. According to functionalism, each part of society, such as the government, the economy, and social institutions, performs specific functions that contribute to the overall stability and continuation of society.

Dysfunction in any part of society can result in instability and lead to societal breakdown. The concept of functionalism was developed by Emile Durkheim, a French sociologist, in the 19th century. It has been widely used in the field of sociology to understand the dynamics of society and its role in shaping human behavior.

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Jason most likely experienced chronic stress as a result of the trauma he experienced as a young child.

Chronic stress is a type of stress characterized by a long-term build-up of tension or anxiety that can have detrimental effects on an individual’s physical and mental health.

Chronic stress is a result of long-term exposure to difficult situations, and is often caused by trauma such as physical or sexual abuse.

In Jason’s case, his experience of repeated sexual and physical abuse from a close relative would likely have resulted in him feeling a prolonged and heightened sense of stress.

This prolonged exposure to difficult situations, with no outlet for relief, can lead to physical, mental, and emotional distress. Physical symptoms of chronic stress may include headaches, chest pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and digestive problems. Emotional symptoms can include feelings of anxiety, depression, anger, and sadness.

In conclusion, Jason’s experience of repeated sexual and physical abuse from a close relative most likely led him to experience chronic stress. Chronic stress is caused by long-term exposure to difficult situations, and can have detrimental effects on an individual’s physical and mental health.

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Option C is the false statement.

Attitudes are not instinctive or biologically determined; instead, they are learned and developed through experiences, socialization, and culture. Attitudes are organized mental representations that involve beliefs, emotions, and behavioral tendencies towards a particular object, person, group, or situation.

Attitudes can be changed through various methods such as persuasion, cognitive dissonance, social influence, and education. Additionally, attitudes are not fixed or unchanging; they can be influenced by new information, experiences, and social contexts. Therefore, it is incorrect to suggest that attitudes are instinctive.

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You have a tragedy of the commons. This concept comes from an economic perspective, which states that individuals acting independently and rationally in their own self-interest can create a collective problem. This occurs when resources are shared, as each individual tries to take as much of the resource as possible, leading to overuse or depletion.

In the case of everyone pursuing their own interests, the collective interests of society are not met. In other words, the benefits of everyone pursuing their own interests are less than if everyone cooperated. This is due to the fact that when individuals pursue their own interests, there is no coordination of resources. Therefore, resources may be overused and depleted, creating negative effects for the collective.

For example, if everyone on a beach decides to take as much sand as they can, eventually there will be no sand left on the beach. This illustrates how individual actions that are not coordinated or regulated can lead to the depletion of a shared resource.

In order to maximize the collective interests of society, everyone must work together. Individuals must cooperate and coordinate their actions in order to avoid overusing resources or depleting them. This means that everyone must work together to come up with a plan that outlines how to properly use resources in order to benefit the collective as a whole.

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An individual who stomps angrily out of a restaurant after being kept waiting five extra minutes for a reserved table may be exhibiting symptoms of narcissistic personality disorder.

A personality disorder is a mental health condition characterized by patterns of thought, feelings, and behaviors that significantly deviate from societal norms and expectations. These patterns are persistent and inflexible, causing significant distress or impairment in functioning in multiple areas of life, such as work, relationships, or self-identity.

There are several types of personality disorders, each with its unique symptoms and criteria for diagnosis which could be Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD): Characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions, along with impulsive behavior.

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An individual who stomps angrily out of a restaurant after waiting an extra five minutes for a reserved table may be exhibiting symptoms of anger or anxiety control.

It is a disorder that causes different physical, emotional and behavioral symptoms, such as extreme preoccupation with regular situations, tension, nervousness and anger at situations that the individual feels a lack of control.

Therefore, it is essential that when noticing any symptoms of anxiety, the individual seeks psychological help to reduce the symptoms that can disrupt their quality of life.

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It is true that because of their interdependence, the members of the group shoulder the burden of the underachievers.

Social norms influence how members of a group communicate with one another. Unspoken guidelines on what can be joked about and what cannot be discussed exist. The guidelines for a group's functioning are called procedural norms. They assign members to tasks based on task norms.

By encouraging reflection on one's own understanding as well as on the ideas of others, norms can help learners develop the capacity to take risks. encouraging group members to communicate effectively.

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In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: natural and artificial. Correct answer is option B

Natural concepts refer to concepts that exist in the world in a real and tangible way. These concepts are typically tied to the physical world and can be observed directly. These concepts are considered to be innate to the human experience and do not require any additional information or knowledge to understand. Artificial concepts refer to concepts that are created by humans and do not exist in the world in a tangible way.

These concepts are typically abstract and require a deeper understanding of the world in order to comprehend. The distinction between natural and artificial concepts is important in psychology because it helps to explain how humans perceive and understand the world around them. By understanding the difference between these two types of concepts, psychologists can gain insight into how people learn and process information.

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This judgement has been made for a number of reasons. First, it is well known that a variety of other considerations, such as Social Security and private pensions, affect retirement decisions.

Supply and demand are impacted at the macroeconomic level by both domestic and global market dynamics, as well as elements like immigration, population ageing, and educational attainment. Unemployment, productivity, participation rates, total income, and gross domestic product are important metrics (GDP).

An economy produces more goods and services for the same amount of relative work as its labour productivity increases. Because of the rise in output, more products and services may be purchased for ever-lower prices. The labour force is a crucial element of economic expansion: as more individuals enter the labour force.

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Answer:

Wells, water wheels, and electricity

Explanation:

The first uses of natural water resources by humans were the creation of wells. Natural wells access underground water sources and bring clean water to the surface for drinking, bathing, and farming. Water wheels were invented to use natural water pressure to enhance machines and make millwork easier for people. Lastly, scientists have invented ocean tunnels to harness electricity through ocean tides.

Answer:

The first uses of natural water resources by humans were the creation of wells. Natural wells access underground water sources and bring clean water to the surface for drinking, bathing, and farming. Water wheels were invented to use natural water pressure to enhance machines and make millwork easier for people. Lastly, scientists have invented ocean tunnels to harness electricity through ocean tides.

Explanation:

Comparing the rate of overall crime in the United States to that of other parts of the world can provide valuable insight into a nation's criminal justice system and the measures taken to reduce crime.

Generally speaking, the U.S. has a higher rate of crime than other nations, and this can be attributed to a variety of factors. For example, there is a higher rate of poverty and social inequality in the U.S. than in many other parts of the world, leading to a greater number of people living in high-crime areas.

Additionally, many states have lenient gun control laws, which allows firearms to be easily obtained and can contribute to the prevalence of violent crimes.

Furthermore, the United States has a much higher incarceration rate than many other countries, leading to the notion that the U.S. relies heavily on punitive approaches to justice, rather than rehabilitation.

Thus, it is not surprising that the rate of overall crime in the United States is higher than that of many other parts of the world.

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You can counter the effects of psychological listening barriers by: concentrate on listening.

Psychological listening barriers are the internal mental distractions that inhibit the ability to listen actively to what is being communicated by the speaker. Here are some ways to counter the effects of psychological listening barriers:

1. Concentrate on listening: Make a conscious effort to focus on what the speaker is saying, and don't let external or internal factors get in the way of your listening.

2. Empathize with the speaker: Put yourself in the speaker's shoes to understand the situation, and try to connect with their message.

3. Remove personal biases: Avoid assumptions, judgments, and stereotypes about the speaker or their message.

4. Be attentive: Look at the speaker, watch their body language, and listen carefully to the tone and pace of their voice.

5. Practice active listening: Encourage the speaker to continue and convey that you are listening to what is being said. In this way, the psychological barriers to listening can be removed.

6. Respond thoughtfully: Give a thoughtfully constructed answer that shows you heard and understood the speaker's message. This will motivate the speaker to continue communicating with you, and you'll be able to develop better communication skills over time.

7. Use effective communication techniques: Use a variety of communication techniques, such as paraphrasing, clarifying, and questioning, to better understand what is being said. These skills will help you to respond to the speaker and remove psychological listening barriers.

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Trying to understand why your roommate prefers a certain genre of music, over others, is an example of cultural capital. (option a)

Cultural capital refers to the knowledge, skills, education, and values that a person acquires from their cultural background. This would involve reflecting on the various cultural elements that your roommate is exposed to and how that shapes their preferences and identity.

Cultural capital can be used to analyze how people come to understand the world around them and how this influences the decisions they make.

In this example, you may consider how your roommate's experiences and background have led them to appreciate and prefer one genre of music over another.

This could involve looking at the social context in which your roommate was raised, the music they have been exposed to, the people they have interacted with, and any other influences in their life. In doing so, you may be able to gain insight into why they have certain preferences.

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The researcher researched that in the United States, about 17% are engaged in what is called Binge drinking

Binge drinking is a pattern of alcohol consumption characterized by consuming a large amount of alcohol in a short period of time, typically within two hours. The specific amount of alcohol that constitutes binge drinking varies depending on factors such as body weight, gender, and tolerance level, but generally involves consuming enough alcohol to raise the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08 or higher.

In the United States, binge drinking is often defined as consuming four or more drinks for women and five or more drinks for men within a two-hour period.

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Evolutionary psychologists have discovered that men are attracted to women based on youthful physical characteristics that appear to indicate fertility and reproductive ability. Younger women, according to research, are more fertile and more likely to produce offspring. As a result, men have developed an evolutionary preference for women who display signs of youth and fertility.

The researchers have identified several physical characteristics that men find desirable in women, which include :Smooth, blemish-free skin, Facial symmetry and proportion Bright and clear eyes ,Full, plump lips. Because attractiveness has an evolutionary advantage in terms of mating and reproduction, it is thought that men's preference for youthful physical characteristics is due to natural selection.

This preference is believed to be a result of natural selection, with men who are drawn to younger, more fertile women being more successful in mating and passing on their genes.

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Contemporary anthropologists study sexuality in order to gain a better understanding of diverse expressions of sexuality around the world. Through the study of sexuality, anthropologists can gain insight into the individuals they are studying, as well as understand different aspects of human nature.

By studying sexuality, anthropologists are able to form a greater understanding of the people they are studying and the cultures they come from. Additionally, by looking at the different expressions of sexuality, anthropologists can gain a better understanding of how people interact with one another and what cultural and societal norms are in place to regulate it. Finally, studying sexuality helps anthropologists gain a better understanding of the moral, political, and religious implications of different sexual activities.

Through the study of sexuality, anthropologists are better able to understand the different expressions of sexuality across cultures and contexts. By observing how different cultures view, discuss, and regulate sexuality, anthropologists can gain a better understanding of the cultural implications of sexuality. This can help anthropologists understand how different cultures view and define sexuality and how these views can shape the behavior of those who inhabit them. Additionally, the study of sexuality can provide insight into the roles of different genders and sexualities within different cultures, as well as how certain cultures view the LGBTQ+ community.

Overall, contemporary anthropologists study sexuality in order to gain a better understanding of the diverse expressions of sexuality around the world. By doing so, they can gain a greater understanding of the individuals they are studying, as well as different aspects of human nature, such as gender roles and the LGBTQ+ community. Through this study, anthropologists can gain a greater understanding of how cultures view and regulate sexuality.

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If you meet someone at a party and discover that he grew up in the same small town as you or attended your university, you may be attracted to him because of the force of proximity.

Proximity is the idea that people are more likely to be attracted to others who are close geographically. This is often seen as a way to increase the chances of forming social connections, as people who live closer to each other have more opportunities to interact with each other.

Proximity also suggests that people are more likely to have common interests and values with those who are nearby. In this case, you and the person you met at the party both grew up in the same small town, attended the same university, and like the same band.

These common experiences may create a feeling of familiarity and closeness between you two, which could lead to attraction.

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There are several techniques that you can use to help cope with the psychological effects of captivity. Some of these techniques include maintaining daily routines, staying active and engaged in activities, seeking social support, and practicing mindfulness and relaxation techniques.

What are some techniques you can use to help cope with the psychological effects of captivity?

There are several techniques that you can use to help cope with the psychological effects of captivity. Some of these techniques include:

Maintaining daily routines: When in captivity, it can be easy to lose track of time and become disoriented. Maintaining a daily routine, such as waking up at the same time each day, eating meals at regular times, and engaging in regular activities, can help provide a sense of structure and control over your environment.

Staying active and engaged in activities: Engaging in activities, such as reading, writing, or drawing, can help distract you from the stress and boredom of captivity. Additionally, staying physically active, such as through exercise or stretching, can help improve your mood and reduce stress.

Seeking social support: It can be helpful to talk to others who are also in captivity or to seek support from friends and family members. Additionally, participating in support groups or therapy sessions can help provide a sense of community and help you process your experiences.

Practicing mindfulness and relaxation techniques: Mindfulness and relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or meditation, can help reduce stress and improve your mental well-being. Practicing these techniques regularly can help improve your overall mood and reduce feelings of anxiety and depression. Thus, these are some techniques you can use to help cope with the psychological effects of captivity.

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The book Friedrich Nietzsche wrote when humanity disavows Christian values making will need to write its own and death will follow is 'Thus Spoke Zarathustra'.

What did Nietzsche mean by the statement "God is dead"? Friedrich Nietzsche's statement "God is dead" is about the death of God's relevance in people's lives. Nietzsche, as a philosopher, believed that human beings had surpassed the need for religion, specifically Christianity. He regarded the church as outdated and absurd, and he thought that people should seek their truth and meaning in life. Thus, he believed that the meaning of life had shifted from divine inspiration to individual self-creation.

Nietzsche's philosophy represents a profound transition from God-based ethics to a self-determined ethos. He also rejected the Christian notion of morality, arguing that it was a kind of psychological blackmail that could lead to the suppression of human will.

As a result, Nietzsche thought that people should develop their ethics based on their desires and values. Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Nietzsche's most famous work, presents the idea of the Übermensch. The term translates to "Superman" or "Overman," and it refers to a type of human being who has transcended traditional morality and achieved a higher level of consciousness.

Nietzsche believes that the Übermensch is the next stage of human evolution and that it will require a complete rejection of traditional religious and moral values. Ultimately, Nietzsche's philosophy represents a call to embrace the fullness of human potential, free from the constraints of divine commandments or moral dogmas.

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The method that would be used if you listened to the 20 most popular songs and documented the number of swear words you heard is the quantitative method.

The quantitative method is a research method that includes statistical and numerical data to analyze, describe, and generalize outcomes. This method is primarily used to test theories, construct research hypothesis, and identify relationships among variables. It is mostly used in social and natural sciences. This method typically involves collecting data from large sample sizes and conducting statistical analysis on the data.

A quantitative method is very structured, and it is easy to replicate the process if the study were to be repeated again in the future.

Apart from quantitative method, there are other types of research methods, such as qualitative method and mixed-methods. Qualitative research, unlike quantitative research, relies on non-numerical data to understand a research problem. Mixed-methods, as the name suggests, combines quantitative and qualitative data to offer a comprehensive understanding of a research problem.

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The clinician is engaging in guided imagery, a type of psychotherapy that uses relaxation techniques and mental imagery to access the subconscious mind.

Through guided imagery, the clinician guides the client through a series of mental images and encourages them to focus on the sensations, sounds, and smells associated with these images. By creating a safe, relaxed space, the clinician allows the client to explore their thoughts, feelings, and memories without fear or judgement.

This can help the client become more aware of their inner self and increase their ability to make positive changes in their life. In other words, it helps you in your personal development.

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One way that sleep deprivation affects drivers is by impairing motor skills. Sleep deprivation is a state in which a person is deprived of the appropriate amount of sleep required by the body to function efficiently.

Due to sleep deprivation, there are different ways in which the body can be affected. One of such ways is by impairing motor skills, especially in drivers who may be operating vehicles that require high levels of alertness and coordination.

Lack of sleep causes individuals to experience a delay in their reflexes, making them slow to react to various stimuli they encounter on the road. Sleep deprivation can cause micro-sleep, which is when an individual falls asleep for a few seconds, even when awake.

Sleep deprivation can have negative effects on drivers, including reducing their attention span, reducing vision and hearing, making them drive more slowly and cautiously, and increasing irritation, frustration, and potential road rage. It is essential to get an adequate amount of sleep to function properly in daily life activities, including driving.

The amount of sleep required by different people may vary, but it is generally recommended that an adult should have between 7-9 hours of sleep per night.

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Answer:

false

Explanation:

The national science foundation recognizes it.

"A minor scale differs from a major scale, which causes it to have a darker, often sadder sound, because of this one essential note called the third. Major typically sounds happy or fun, while minor often sounds sad or serious."

The difference between major & minor chords & scales boils down to a difference of 1 essential note – the third. The third is what gives major sounding scales & chords their brighter, cheerier sound, & what gives minor scales & chords their darker, sadder sound. In a minor scale, the third note that comp-rises the scale or chord will always be flat-tened (or lowered) by a half-step.

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Upper  body position during a swerve on a straight road is best described as option b. upright .

The ideal body position during a swerve while riding a motorcycle or bicycle will depend on several factors, such as the speed of the vehicle, the angle of the swerve, and the rider's experience and skill level.

However, in general, a rider should try to maintain a balanced and relaxed body position during a swerve. The rider should grip the handlebars firmly but not tense up their arms or upper body. The knees should be bent, and the feet should be firmly planted on the footpegs or pedals.

As the rider initiates the swerve, they should lean their body in the direction of the turn, while keeping their head up and looking where they want to go. This helps to maintain stability and control of the motorcycle or bicycle.

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The reason for why orangutans go for requests asking for food, even though the success rate for simply taking is much higher, is that the orangutans may want to maintain good social relations.

When orangutans use a request to ask for food, they are essentially expressing a need and allowing another individual to respond to it. By engaging in this cooperative behaviour, they are strengthening the bonds between the individuals in their social group.

Furthermore, the individual providing the food is likely to gain benefits such as a reputation as a generous individual, which could lead to reciprocity in the future. Additionally, requests may enable the orangutans to test the relationships between other individuals in the group, which can help them gauge the degree of trust and support in their relationships.

Finally, requests are an effective way to deal with potential conflicts since they are less confrontational and may act as a way to avoid fights over food.

In summary, the reason for why orangutans go for requests asking for food, even though the success rate for simply taking is much higher, is that it enables them to strengthen their social relationships, receive reputational benefits, test relationships, and avoid potential conflicts.

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The type of learning that occurs when a formerly neutral object begins to elicit a reflexive (or highly similar) response after it has been paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits that response is Classical Conditioning.

Classical conditioning is a type of learning that involves the association of two stimuli. In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus that naturally elicits a particular response until the neutral stimulus begins to elicit a reflexive or highly similar response. This reflexive response is called a conditioned response (CR). The reflexive response in classical conditioning is brought about by a stimulus that is presented to the individual and is always associated with the acquisition of a reflexive response that would not have been produced if the stimulus had not been present. The stimulus that elicits the reflexive response is called the unconditioned stimulus (UCS), and the response that is produced is called the unconditioned response (UCR). The neutral stimulus is the one that is paired with the UCS to create the CR. The process of pairing the neutral stimulus with the UCS is called acquisition. For example, if a dog is presented with a loud noise followed by food, eventually the loud noise alone will trigger a response (salivating) in the dog.

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Transgressive content is not a primary feature of cult films.

Transgressive content, which can refer to themes, behaviors, or ideas that challenge social norms or moral standards, can be a defining feature of cult films. Many cult films have gained their status precisely because they push boundaries and challenge mainstream norms.

However, not all cult films contain transgressive content, and it is not a requirement for a film to be considered a cult classic. Other factors such as a devoted fan base, unconventional storytelling, or unique aesthetics can also contribute to a film's cult status.

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