Strong acids all have the same strength, and the conjugate base of a strong acid exhibits little acid-base characteristics.
The correct option is A and B.
How do you find the conjugate base?The conjugate base's equation is the acid's formula fewer one hydrogen. The reacting base transforms into its conjugate acid. The base's formula is the conjugate acid's formula plus one additional hydrogen ion.
What distinguishes a base from a conjugate base?A conjugate acid-base pair, according to the Brnsted-Lowry definition of acid and base, consists of two substances that seem to be distinct only in that they contain a proton (H+). When a proton is supplied to a base, a conjugate acid is created, and vice versa when a proton is taken away from an acid, a corresponding base is created.
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The complete question is -
Which of the following statements about strong acids are true?
Select all that apply:
A-The conjugate base of a strong acid has negligible acid-base properties.
B-All strong acids have the same strength.
C-They produce stable ions that have little tendency to accept a proton.
D-They raise the ph of a solution by increasing the concentration of hydronium.
Answer:
The correct statements are: The conjugate base of a strong acid has negligible acid-base properties and they produce stable ions that have little tendency to accept a proton.
Explanation:
Strong acids are acidic compounds that undergo complete ionization in water, raising the concentration of hydronium and lowering the pH of the solution. The leveling effect describes how strong acids may appear to be of equal strength in water, but in a stronger acid such as glacial acetic acid, their true relative strength can be determined.
Compounds:
A. Ethanol
B. Water
C. Methanol
D. 1-butanol
E. Hexane
F. Acetone
Prediction:
Fastest
Slowest
CH₂CH₂OH
H₂O
CH,OH
CH3CH₂CH₂CH₂OH
CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH3
CH3COCH3
Reason for prediction:
Fastest to Slowest:- Hexane 1-butanol Ethanol Methanol Water Acetone
What is molecular structure?The ranking of the compounds from fastest to slowest can be determined by their molecular structure, intermolecular forces, and boiling points. Hexane, with its non-polar structure, has only weak London dispersion forces between its molecules, making it the fastest compound. 1-butanol has a longer carbon chain than ethanol, allowing for stronger intermolecular forces, which causes it to be slower.
What is Hydrogen bond?Ethanol, methanol, and water have polar molecules and are capable of forming hydrogen bonds. However, methanol and ethanol have smaller molecular weights and shorter carbon chains, which causes them to be faster than water. Finally, acetone has a polar carbonyl group, but its smaller molecular weight and lack of hydrogen bonding capability causes it to be the slowest compound.
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how was rutherfords gold foil experiment inconsistent with the plum pudding model of the atom
In Rutherford's gold foil experiment, alpha particles were fired against a thin sheet of gold foil, and their scattering patterns were then recorded on a screen.
What aspect of the plum custard model of the atom was contradicted by Rutherford's gold foil experiment?In Thomson's "plum custard" atom model, a positively charged "soup" was surrounded by negatively charged electrons. Rutherford's gold foil experiment proved that an atom is mostly empty space with a tiny, dense, positively-charged nucleus.
Why was the plum custard model not supported by Rutherford's experiment?Because of Rutherford's discoveries, Thomson's plum pudding model was flawed. An atom's positive charge is not distributed uniformly. Instead, everything is gathered in the tiny nucleus. Except for the electrons that are dispersed across it, the remaining space in an atom is empty.
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Moles for N2(g) + H2(g) NH3(g)
A runner is finishing up the last leg of a 5K run. Identify and explain which organelle(s) would be heavily involved in providing the runner’s cells with energy.
The organelle heavily involved in providing runner's cells with energy during the last leg of a 5K run is the mitochondria
Which organelle would be heavily involved in providing runner’s cells with energy ?The organelle heavily involved in providing the runner's cells with energy during the last leg of a 5K run is the mitochondria. Mitochondria are referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they are responsible for producing the energy currency of cell, ATP (adenosine triphosphate), through the process of cellular respiration. During exercise, demand for ATP increases, and mitochondria works harder to meet this demand by breaking down glucose and other fuel molecules to generate ATP. Therefore, runner's cells would require a high level of mitochondrial activity to provide them with energy needed to complete the run.
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What evidence supports the claim that social mediahad more of an influence outside of the Arab world thaninside it?a. Sixty five percent of Egyptians do not use theinternet at allb. Eighty four percent of internet users visit socialnetworking sites for political news,c. College educated people are more likely to use the internetd. Social media sites use bitly links to help spreadinformation
The evidence that supports the claim that social media had more of an influence outside of the Arab world than inside it is Eighty four percent of internet users visit social networking sites for political news. Option B is correct.
This statistic suggests that social networking sites have a significant influence on the dissemination of political news and information, and it implies that individuals who use the internet are more likely to consume political news through social media than through traditional media sources.
However, option (a) is also relevant because it suggests that internet penetration is lower in the Arab world, which could limit the impact of social media in the region compared to other parts of the world. Option (c) is not directly related to the claim, while option (d) is only tangentially related to the spread of information, rather than the influence of social media on society.
Hence, B. Eighty four percent of internet users visit social networking sites for political news is the correct option.
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Based on the relationships between molecular weight, moles, and mass of the substance, how many moles are in 40.0 grams of water? molecular weight of water is equal to 18.1 g/mol. a) 2.21 moles b) 4.42 moles c) 3,45 moles d) 2.53 moles
Answer: 2.22 moles
Explanation:
Molar mass
The molar mass of water, or H2O, can be found by adding the molar mass of two hydrogen atoms and the molar mass of one oxygen atom, which comes out to be 18.0 g/mol.
To find the moles in 40.0 grams of water, we will set up a proportion.
[tex]\frac{18.0 g}{1 mol} =\frac{40.0g}{xmol} \\[/tex]
Then, we just solve for x.
[tex]18=\frac{40}{x} \\x=\frac{40}{18} \\x=2.22 mol[/tex]
40.0 g of water is 2.22 moles.
120 mg of codeine hydrochloride (codhcl) is dissolved in 10.0 ml of water. calculate the expected ph of the solution. the pkb and molar mass of codeine (cod) are 5.80 and 299.36 g/mol, respectively. 2. when 200.0 mg of zinc nitrate is dissolved in 100.0 ml of water, the solution ph is 5.75. calculate the pka of the zn(h2o)62 ion.
The codeine's pKa is 8.20
To calculate the expected pH of a solution of 120 mg of codeine hydrochloride in 10.0 ml of water, we first need to determine the concentration of codeine hydrochloride in the solution. We can do this by converting the mass of codeine hydrochloride to moles and dividing by the volume of the solution in liters:
moles of codhcl = 120 mg / (299.36 g/mol) = 0.000401 mol
concentration of codhcl = 0.000401 mol / 0.01 L = 0.0401 M
Next, we need to determine the pKa of codeine, which can be used to calculate the expected pH of the solution. The pKa of codeine is related to its pKb by the equation:
pKa + pKb = 14
Therefore, the pKa of codeine can be calculated as:
pKa = 14 - 5.80 = 8.20
Using this pKa value, we can calculate the expected pH of the solution using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])
where [A-] is the concentration of the codeine anion and [HA] is the concentration of the codeine acid (codeine hydrochloride).
The codeine anion is formed when codeine hydrochloride dissociates in water, so we need to determine the extent of dissociation. The dissociation constant (Ka) can be calculated from the pKa using the equation:
Ka = [tex]10^{-pKa}[/tex]
Ka = [tex]10^{-8.20}[/tex] = 6.31 x 10⁻⁹.
Therefore, the pKa of codeine hydrochloride is 8.20
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a compound consists of 25.9% nitrogen and 74.1% oxygen by mass. what is the empirical formula of the compound?
Using a 100 g sample of a compound with 25.9% nitrogen and 74.1% oxygen, we determine the empirical formula to be N₂O₅.
To determine the empirical formula of a compound, we need to find the ratio of the number of atoms of each element in the compound, in its simplest whole-number ratio. Here's how we can do it:
Assume we have a 100 g sample of the compound. Then, 25.9 g of it is nitrogen and 74.1 g is oxygen.
Convert the mass of each element to moles, using their respective molar masses:
Nitrogen: 25.9 g / 14.01 g/mol = 1.85 mol
Oxygen: 74.1 g / 16.00 g/mol = 4.63 mol
Find the ratio of the moles of each element by dividing both values by the smallest one:
Nitrogen: 1.85 mol / 1.85 mol = 1
Oxygen: 4.63 mol / 1.85 mol = 2.50
If necessary, adjust the ratio to the nearest whole number. Since we can't have half an atom, we need to multiply both values by 2:
Nitrogen: 1 x 2 = 2
Oxygen: 2.50 x 2 = 5
The empirical formula of the compound is therefore N₂O₅.
Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is N₂O₅.
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During a lab experiment, 48.62 grams of magnesium reacted with 32.00 grams of oxygen to produce magnesium oxide. What is the empirical formula for magnesium oxide?(atomic masses: Mg = 24.31 and O = 15.99)
The empirical formula for magnesium oxide is MgO, indicating that there is one atom of magnesium and one atom of oxygen in the compound. We can find it in the following manner.
To find the empirical formula for magnesium oxide, we need to determine the mole ratio between magnesium and oxygen in the reactants and use that to write the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in the compound.
First, we need to convert the masses of magnesium and oxygen to moles using their atomic masses:
Moles of magnesium = 48.62 g / 24.31 g/mol = 2.00 mol
Moles of oxygen = 32.00 g / 15.99 g/mol = 2.00 mol
Next, we need to determine the mole ratio by dividing each of the mole amounts by the smallest mole amount:
Moles of magnesium / smallest mole amount = 2.00 mol / 2.00 mol = 1
Moles of oxygen / smallest mole amount = 2.00 mol / 2.00 mol = 1
The mole ratio is 1:1, which means that the empirical formula of magnesium oxide is MgO.
Therefore, the empirical formula for magnesium oxide is MgO, indicating that there is one atom of magnesium and one atom of oxygen in the compound.
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what is produced when lactic acid fermentation occurs?
Lactic acid fermentation is a process by which glucose is converted into lactic acid. This occurs when glucose is broken down without the use of oxygen, and is used by cells to produce energy.
Lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid and energy in the form of ATP. During this process, glucose is converted into pyruvate, which is then converted into lactate in the absence of oxygen. This process is carried out by certain bacteria, fungi, and animals, including humans.Lactic acid fermentation occurs when oxygen is not present, which means that the pyruvate produced during glycolysis cannot be converted into acetyl-CoA for the Krebs cycle.
As a result, the cell converts the pyruvate into lactic acid instead, which is a type of organic acid. Lactic acid fermentation is commonly used in the production of various foods, such as cheese, yogurt, and sauerkraut. It is also used in the production of alcoholic beverages like beer and wine. In addition, lactic acid fermentation is used in some industrial processes, such as the production of bioplastics and other materials.
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8. Consider the following reaction
Ca(s) + 2HCl(aq)-> CaCl2(aq) + H₂(g)
Using the limiting reactant concept, how many moles of hydrogen can be produced from the reaction of 4.00
moles of calcium and 4.00 moles of hydrochloric acid?
a. 0,50 moles
b. 1.00 moles
c. 1.50 moles
d. 2.00 moles
e. 4.00 moles
Answer:
The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of ethane is
2C₂H₆(g) + 7O₂(g) → 4CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(l)
The stoichiometric ratio between C₂H₆(g) and CO₂(g) is 1 : 2
Hence,
moles of CO₂(g) produced = moles of reacted C₂H₆(g) x 2
= 1.00 mol x 2
= 2.00 mol
Hence, the correct answer is "C".
which of the following compounds will be least soluble in water? group of answer choices benzene (c6h6) acetic acid (ch3co2h) pentanol (ch3ch2ch2ch2ch2oh) ethyl methyl ketone (ch3ch2coh3) none of these compounds should be soluble in pentane.
None of these compounds are soluble in water. Benzene (C6H6) and ethyl methyl ketone (CH3CH2COCH3) are both non-polar and insoluble in water, while acetic acid (CH3CO2H) and pentanol (CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH) are both polar and soluble in water.
Non-polar molecules, such as benzene and ethyl methyl ketone, cannot interact with the polar water molecules, meaning that they do not dissolve in water. Polar molecules, like acetic acid and pentanol, can interact with water molecules due to their partial positive and negative charges.
This allows them to dissolve in water. Therefore, of the compounds given, benzene and ethyl methyl ketone are least soluble in water.
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2 NH3 + 3 CuO g 3 Cu + N2 + 3 H2O
In the above equation how many moles of N2 can be made when 19 moles of CuO are consumed?
The number of moles of N2 that can be made when 19 moles of CuO are consumed is 6 moles.
What does mole conservation entail?The law of conservation of mass can alternatively be referred to as the law of conservation of moles because mass can be mathematically translated into mass (the total moles on one side of the equation must be equal to the total moles on the other side of the equation). As a result, we can balance equations thanks to this law.
The balanced chemical equation is:
2 NH3 + 3 CuO → 3 Cu + N2 + 3 H2O
From the equation, we can see that 3 moles of CuO react with 1 mole of N2, which means that:
1 mole N2 = 3 moles CuO
So, if 3 moles of CuO produce 1 mole of N2, then 19 moles of CuO would produce:
1/3 x 19 = 6.33 moles of N2
However, we cannot have a fraction of a mole of a substance, so we need to round the answer to the nearest whole number:
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fractional precipitation can one type of cation be removed from an aqueous mixture of multiple cations by precipitation?
Fractional precipitation is a method used to separate different cations from a mixture by selectively precipitating one type of cation while leaving the others in solution. This method is based on the solubility differences of the cations' salts in a solvent, typically water.
To remove one type of cation from an aqueous mixture of multiple cations, a suitable reagent is added to selectively precipitate the desired cation. The precipitate formed can be separated from the solution by filtration or centrifugation. The remaining solution still contains the other cations that did not precipitate.
For example, to remove calcium ions (Ca2+) from a mixture containing calcium, magnesium, and zinc ions, ammonium oxalate can be added. This will form a white precipitate of calcium oxalate, which can be separated from the solution. The remaining solution will still contain the magnesium and zinc ions.
Fractional precipitation is a useful technique in analytical chemistry for the separation and identification of cations in a mixture.
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what is the number of protons of an element with a mass number of 100 and a neutron number of 40?
Explanation:
There are few simple rules to follow.
(1) The atomic number is equal to the number of protons.
Z
= number of protons
(2) In neutrally charged elements, the number of electrons is the same as the number of protons.
Z
= number of protons = number of electrons (no charge)
Otherwise, positive charge means that the element lost an electron and negative charge means it gained an electron.
(3) The atomic mass is equal to the sum of the number of protons and number of neutrons.
A
= number of protons + number neutrons
or
A
=
Z
+ number neutrons
So if you say that
Z
= 20 and
A
= 40, then
A
=
Z
+ number neutrons
40 = 20 + number of neutrons
40 - 20 = number of neutrons
Therefore,
number of neutrons = 20
which of the following is not an attribute of an acid? group of answer choices it provides h ions in aqueous solution. it tastes sour. it reacts with some organic dyes to cause them to change color. it is a nonelectrolyte. it reacts with active metals.
It is a non-electrolyte is not an attribute of an acid.
What are Acids?
Acids are characterized as materials that can discharge hydrogen particles when they break up in a water-based solution. An acidic solution is one that contains more hydrogen particles, H+ than hydroxide particles, OH-. Acids have a pH value of less than 7.0.
The strength of the acid is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions, H+.
It provides H+ ions in aqueous solution. It tastes sour. It reacts with some organic dyes to cause them to change color.It is a non-electrolyte. It reacts with active metals.When acids are mixed with a base, they react to produce a salt and water. Acidic solutions have a sour taste and can dissolve metals. Acids turn blue litmus paper red. Acids are used in numerous industrial applications, such as the production of fertilizers, plastics, and dyes, as well as the production of fuels from oil and gas.
They are employed in numerous chemical reactions and cleaning operations. They are widely used in the food industry as a preservative and to add flavor. They are also utilized in medicine to make supplements and for the treatment of diseases.
Thus, it is a non-electrolyte is not an attribute of an acid.
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How many grams of O₂ are present in having 3x10²3 a container, molecules? (Atomic mass O=16)
Answer:
16g
Explanation:
1 mole of O2 = 32 g = 6.022 x 10^23 molecules
3 x 10^23 molecules weights
3 x 10^23 x 32/(6.022 x 10^23)
= 15.94g or 16g
How many milliliters (mL) of a 0.610 M NaOH solution are needed to neutralize20.0
mL of a 0.245 M H2SO4solution?
16 mL of 0.610 M NaOH solution is required to neutralize 20.0 mL of 0.245 M H2SO4 solution.
What is meant by neutralization?Chemical reaction between acid and a base that results in the formation of a salt and water is called neutralization.
2 NaOH+ H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2 H₂O
Number of moles of H₂SO₄ in 20.0 mL of a 0.245 M solution is: n( H₂SO₄) = M × V = 0.245 mol/L × 20.0 mL / 1000 mL/L = 0.0049 mol
n(NaOH) = 2 × n( H₂SO₄) = 2 × 0.0049 mol = 0.0098 mol
V(NaOH) = n(NaOH) / M(NaOH) = 0.0098 mol / 0.610 mol/L = 0.016 m³ = 16 mL
Therefore, we need 16 mL of the 0.610 M NaOH solution to neutralize 20.0 mL of the 0.245 M H₂SO₄ solution.
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400.0 g of a metal absorbs 10000. j of heat energy and its temperature rises from 20.0 ºc to 103.0 ºc. what is the specific heat of the metal?
a. 0.301 J/g˚C
b. 0.255 J/g˚C
c.3.32 J/g˚C
d. 0.243 J/g˚C
Specific heat of the metal is approximately 0.301 J/gºC (option a).
Let's discuss it further below.
The specific heat of the metal can be calculated using the formula:
q = mcΔT
where q is the heat absorbed (10000 J), m is the mass of the metal (400 g), c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the change in temperature (103.0 ºC - 20.0 ºC).
Step 1: Calculate ΔT:
ΔT = 103.0 ºC - 20.0 ºC = 83.0 ºC
Step 2: Rearrange the formula to solve for c:
c = q / (mΔT)
Step 3: Plug in the given values and solve for c:
c = 10000 J / (400 g * 83.0 ºC) = 10000 J / 33200 gºC ≈ 0.301 J/gºC
So, the specific heat of the metal is approximately 0.301 J/gºC (option a).
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what do you observe when the iron is dipped in aluminum chloride solution
Answer:
Explanation:
When Iron is dipped in Aluminium Chloride, a redox reaction occurs. Basically iron reacts with Chloride ion and forms a solid precipitate of Aluminium.
End result :Iron (II) Chloride forms and Aluminium forms the precipitate
A 1.350 mol gas sample has a volume of 3.51 L and a pressure of 0.925 atm. At what temperature was this gas collected?
The temperature of the gas sample was [tex]269 Kelvin (K).[/tex]
To solve this problem, we can use the ideal gas law:
[tex]PV = nRT[/tex]
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, we need to rearrange the equation to solve for T:
[tex]T = PV/nR[/tex]
Now we can plug in the given values and solve for T:
[tex]T = (0.925 atm)(3.51 L)/(1.350 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)T = 269 K[/tex]
Therefore, the temperature of the gas sample was [tex]269 Kelvin (K).[/tex]
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What is the percent yeild of an Fe-Containing product if the 2. 9 grams is isolated from the reaction of 24. 1 g Ca3(PO4)2 and 15. 2 g Fe(NO3)2
The substance that contains iron has a yield of 30.7%.
To determine the percent yield of an Fe-containing product, we first need to determine the theoretical yield. This is the maximum amount of product that can be obtained based on the balanced chemical equation and the amount of reactants used.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Ca₃(PO₄)₂ and Fe(NO₃)₂ is:
3Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + 10Fe(NO₃)₂ → 2Fe₃(PO₄)₂ + 30Ca(NO₃)₂
Using the given masses, we can determine the limiting reactant and then calculate the theoretical yield of Fe₃(PO₄)₂
First, we need to convert the masses of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ and Fe(NO₃)₂ to moles:
24.1 gCa₃(PO₄)₂ × (1 mol Ca₃(PO₄)₂/310.18 g) = 0.0778 mol Ca₃(PO₄)₂
15.2 gFe(NO₃)₂ × (1 mol Fe(NO₃)₂/179.86 g) = 0.0845 mol Fe(NO₃)₂
The stoichiometric ratio betweenCa₃(PO₄)₂ and Fe(NO₃)₂ is 3:10, so the amount of Fe(NO₃)₂used is limiting. Therefore, the theoretical yield of Fe₃(PO₄)₂ is:
0.0845 mol Fe(NO₃)₂ × (2 mol Fe₃(PO₄)₂/10 mol Fe(NO₃)₂) × (559.68 g Fe₃(PO₄)₂/1 mol Fe₃(PO₄)₂) = 9.43 g Fe₃(PO₄)₂
Now, to calculate the percent yield, we divide the actual yield (2.9 g) by the theoretical yield (9.43 g) and multiply by 100:
Percent yield = (2.9 g/9.43 g) × 100 = 30.7%
Therefore, the percent yield of the Fe-containing product is 30.7%. This indicates that the reaction did not proceed to completion, and some Fe3(PO4)2 was left unreacted or lost during the isolation process.
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How many atoms are in 3 Na2SO4?
Explanation:
you can count it by looking at the type of element
if the percent yield is 80.2%, what mass of k (in grams) is needed to obtain 27.6 g of h2? (assume in excess of hcl).
Stoichiometry and the idea of percent yield can be used to calculate the mass of K required to produce 27.6 g of H2. The reaction's balanced chemical equation is 2 K + 2 HCl 2 KCl + H2.
How much kclo3 is required to make 32.0 g of o2?Response and justification Hence, 126.23 g of potassium chlorate are needed to generate 32 g of oxygen.
How is yield determined in g?Divide the mass of the reactant by the molecular weight to get the mass per mole. As an alternative, we can multiply the liquid solution's density in grammes per millilitre by the amount of reactant solution in millilitres. Next, divide the outcome by the reactant's molar mass.
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Gamma rays have wavelengths of in the range of
meters.
a 10^12
b 10^-12
C 10^-20
d 10^20
write the net chemical equation for the production of hydrogen from propane and water. be sure your equation is balanced.
The net chemical equation for the production of hydrogen from propane and water is:
[tex]C_{3}H_{8}+3H_{2}O -- > 4H_{2}+3CO_{2}[/tex]
The reaction between propane and water can be used to produce hydrogen gas. The production of hydrogen gas from propane and water is an important reaction that has several applications. The balanced equation for the production of hydrogen gas from propane and water is given as follows:
[tex]C_{3}H_{8} +3H_{2}O-- > 4H_{2}+3CO_{2}[/tex]
The reaction between propane and water can be catalyzed by several metals such as nickel or platinum. The process is called steam reforming, and it is used to produce large quantities of hydrogen gas. Hydrogen is used as a fuel in fuel cells and combustion engines. It is also used in the production of ammonia and methanol, and as a reducing agent in various chemical processes.
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What are 5 names for added sugars?
Added sugars are various types of sugars and syrups that are added to food products during processing . Here are five common names for added sugars: Sucrose, Dextrose, Fructose, Maltose, High fructose corn syrup .
Sucrose: it is a disaccharide made up of glucose and fructose .
High fructose corn syrup: a sweetener made from cornstarch that has been processed to convert some of its glucose into fructose.
Dextrose: a simple sugar that is chemically identical to glucose and is commonly used in processed foods.
Fructose: a simple sugar found naturally in fruits, vegetables, and honey.
Maltose: a disaccharide made up of two glucose molecules and is commonly used as a sweetener in some beers and candies.
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Determine if the following statements are true and false. Type true or false in the space provided.
Part A
To rinse the entire inner surface of the buret, one should add water from a wash bottle while rotating the buret.
Part B
Rinsing the buret with water is always enough to clean the buret.
Part C
To clean the inner surface of the buret, one should wash it with soapy water three times .
Part D
After rinsing with water and soapy water solution, one can add the titrating solution and begin the titration.
Part E
Always rinse a buret with the titration solution three times before beginning a titration.
The given statements are accordingly true and false: Part A: True, Part B: False, Part C: False, Part D: False, Part E: False.
Part A: True. To ensure that entire inner surface of the buret is rinsed, water should be added while rotating the buret.
Part B: False. Rinsing the buret with water alone is not always enough , residual substances may adhere to the surface of the buret.
Part C: False. It is not always necessary, and may even be harmful if the soap is not thoroughly rinsed off.
Part D: False. The buret should be thoroughly rinsed with distilled water.
Part E: False. While it is important to rinse the buret with the titration solution before beginning a titration.
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true or false: the volume of space in the tube is the volume of the hydrogen and the same space is also the volume of the water vapor
The statement that the volume of space in the tube would be equal to the sum of the volumes of hydrogen and water vapor is true if the tube is exposed to the atmosphere.
The assertion might not be accurate, though, if the tube is inside a closed system.
It relies on the circumstances surrounding the tube's observation. Assuming the tube is at equilibrium and the hydrogen and water vapor are thoroughly mixed inside the tube, if the tube is open to the atmosphere, then the amount of space in the tube would indeed equal the combined volume of hydrogen and water vapor.
However, if the tube is in a closed system, like a sealed container, the volume of the space inside the tube might not be the same as the volume of the hydrogen and water vapor because the gas molecules there might be interacting with the container's walls or going through pressure or temperature changes. Consequently, the claim may be accurate or untrue depending on the specific context.
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Top fuel dragsters and funny cars burn nitromethane as fuel according to the following
balanced combustion equation:
2CH3NO2 (1) + O2(g) → 2CO₂(g) + 3H₂O(1) + N2(g), Hrxn= -1418 kJ
The standard enthalpies of formation are -393.5 kJ/mol for CO2 (g) and -285.8
kJ/mol for H₂O(l)
Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation (Hf) for nitromethane.
-227.3 kJ/mol.
To calculate the standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf) of nitromethane, we need to use Hess's Law, which states that the total enthalpy change during a chemical reaction is independent of the pathway between the initial and final states. In other words, if we can find a series of reactions whose enthalpy changes add up to the enthalpy change of the desired reaction, we can use them to calculate ΔHf.
First, let's write the combustion equation in terms of the standard enthalpies of formation:
ΔHrxn = ΣnΔHf(products) - ΣnΔHf(reactants)
where n is the stoichiometric coefficient of each compound in the balanced chemical equation.
Substituting the standard enthalpies of formation of CO2 and H2O into the equation, we get:
-1418 kJ/mol = 2ΔHf(CO2) + 3ΔHf(H2O) + ΔHf(N2) - 2ΔHf(CH3NO2)
(From these standard enthalpies given)
ΔHf(CO2) = -393.5 kJ/mol
ΔHf(H2O) = -285.8 kJ/mol
ΔHf(N2) = 0 kJ/mol
Now we need to solve for ΔHf(CH3NO2):
-1418 kJ/mol = 2(-393.5 kJ/mol) + 3(-285.8 kJ/mol) + 0 kJ/mol - 2ΔHf(CH3NO2)
ΔHf(CH3NO2) = [2(-393.5 kJ/mol) + 3(-285.8 kJ/mol) - 1418 kJ/mol]/2
= -227.3 kJ/mol
Therefore, the standard enthalpy of formation of nitromethane is -227.3 kJ/mol. This means that if one mole of nitromethane is formed from its elements in their standard states at a temperature of 25°C and a pressure of 1 atm, -227.3 kJ of heat will be absorbed by the system.
In simpler terms, the energy required to form one mole of nitromethane from its elements is -227.3 kJ/mol.
Nitromethane has a standard enthalpy of production of -490.2 kJ/mol.
Is nitromethane a more rapid combustion than gasoline?Nitromethane fuel may be used in one run 8.6 times more frequently than gasoline for a given cylinder volume. This indicates that using nitromethane instead of gasoline and the same amount of air results in around 2.3 times higher power.
We may get the standard enthalpy of production of nitromethane by using the values for the products and reactants' standard enthalpies of formation:
ΔHf° = Σ(nΔHf° products) - Σ(nΔHf° reactants)
ΔHf° for CO2(g) = -393.5 kJ/mol
ΔHf° for H2O(l) = -285.8 kJ/mol
ΔHf° for N2(g) = 0 kJ/mol
ΔHf° for O2(g) = 0 kJ/mol
The values in the formula above can be changed as follows:
ΔHf° for CH3NO2 = [2(-393.5 kJ/mol) + 3(-285.8 kJ/mol) + 1(0 kJ/mol)] - [2ΔHf° for CH3NO2 + 1(0 kJ/mol)]
If we simplify, we get:
ΔHf° for CH3NO2 = -1418 kJ/mol - 6(-285.8 kJ/mol) + 2(-393.5 kJ/mol)
ΔHf° for CH3NO2 = -1418 kJ/mol + 1714.8 kJ/mol - 787 kJ/mol
ΔHf° for CH3NO2 = -490.2 kJ/mol
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