which of the following items is excluded from gdp? production and sale of hair-cutting equipment the construction of a new barbershop services a barber performs in repairing his own hair-cutting equipment services a barber performs in cutting hair

The firm's capital structure refers to the mix of debt and equity used to finance the firm's assets. Option D is the correct answer.

Capital structure is the mixture of the company's long-term funding. It consists of equity, short-term funding, and long-term debt. It provides the foundation of the company's financial framework, defining how much money is required to finance the firm's assets and how much is financed through debt and equity. It also allows the firm to decide which debt-to-equity ratio is most suitable for its goals and operations.

Capital structure is crucial since it affects the company's financial flexibility, risk, and operational efficiency. It influences the firm's cost of funds and the risk assumed by investors. Investors determine the company's risk by analyzing the debt-to-equity ratio. As a result, the company's capital structure has an impact on its long-term financial success.

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The bonds of Henley Corporation on the market have 19.5 years to maturity, a YTM of 11.2 per cent, a par value of $1,000, and a current price of $936. The coupon rate of Henley Corporation's bonds is 6.25%

To calculate the coupon rate of the bonds, we will use the following formula:

PV = PMT [(1 - (1 + r/n)-n*t)/(r/n)] + FV/(1+r/n)n*t

where PV = Present Value of the bonds

= $936

PMT = Semi-annual payment of the bonds

r = Yield to maturity/required

rate of return = 11.2%/2 = 0.056 per semi-annual period

n = Number of semiannual periods

= 19.5 years * 2 semi-annual periods per year

= 39 semi-annual periods

FV = Par value of the bond

= $1,000t

= Maturity of the bond = 19.5 years

Substituting the values in the above formula, we get;

936 = PMT [(1 - (1 + 0.056)-39)/(0.056)] + 1000/(1+0.056)-39/2

Now, we have to find the coupon rate of the bonds. So, we have to solve the above equation to determine the PMT, which is the coupon payment per period of the bond.

Using financial calculator or Excel sheet, we get the PMT as $62.51 (rounded to two decimal places).

Now, we will substitute the values of PMT, FV, and PV in the coupon rate formula to determine the coupon rate of the bond.

Coupon Rate Formula: Coupon rate = (PMT / FV) * 100

Coupon rate = (62.51 / 1,000) * 100

Coupon rate = 6.25 %

Therefore, the coupon rate of the Henley Corporation's bond is 6.25%.

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Incivility in the workplace can lead to a variety of negative outcomes, such as loss of customers, decreased helpfulness, lower focus on the job, poorer health, and lack of effort on the job.

First, incivility can lead to a loss of customers, as customers will be less likely to patronize a business with an unpleasant atmosphere. Employees who are the target of incivility may be less likely to provide good customer service, which can lead to customers taking their business elsewhere.

Second, incivility can decrease helpfulness in the workplace, as employees who have experienced incivility may be less willing to help their colleagues. This can lead to a decrease in team morale and efficiency, as employees are unwilling to help each other out.

Third, incivility can lead to lower focus on the job, as employees may be more preoccupied with their feelings of anger and resentment rather than performing their job to the best of their ability. This can lead to mistakes and lower productivity.

Fourth, incivility can lead to poorer health, as employees who are the target of incivility can experience physical and psychological health issues such as stress, anxiety, and depression.

Finally, incivility can lead to lack of effort on the job, as employees may be less motivated to work hard and less willing to put in extra effort. This can lead to lower productivity and quality of work.

In conclusion, incivility in the workplace can lead to a variety of negative outcomes, such as loss of customers, decreased helpfulness, lower focus on the job, poorer health, and lack of effort on the job.

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When a company has a current obligation to make a future payment to their supplier due to a shipment of supplies that were received last week, the company would record this transaction with an increase to an asset account and a liability account. Option D is the correct answer.

Current liabilities are commitments and obligations that are due in the next year. Current liabilities are the company's current obligations and are found on the balance sheet's liabilities section. These obligations may include the following:

So, the transaction will be recorded with an increase to an asset account and a liability account. The liability account will be the account representing the current obligation to make a future payment. The asset account will be the account representing the supplies that the company received last week.

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Given that Louis agreed to provide all the apples that Cindy's cider mill will need at $5 per bushel unless weather conditions require additional labor to be hired. The rate would then be $5.50 per bushel.

A freeze warning required Louis to hire 100 additional overtime workers, raising the cost per bushel to $6.75. Now, Louis wants to get out of his contract.

In the given case, Louis cannot get out of his contract because it includes the clause that states that additional labor needs to be hired in case weather conditions require.

As it can be seen that due to weather conditions, Louis had to hire additional overtime workers, and therefore he has to pay a higher price.

It means that he is liable to honor the contract. Louis cannot get out of his contract. The contract includes a clause that specifies the hiring of additional labor when weather conditions require it.

Since weather conditions required additional overtime workers to be hired, Louis cannot get out of his contract. Therefore, he is liable to honor the contract.

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The following causes the balance on the bank statement to differ from the cash balance in the accounting records: time lags, errors by the bank, and errors by the company, All of these options are correct.

What is the cause of the difference between the balance on the bank statement and the cash balance in the accounting records? The balance on the bank statement and the cash balance in the accounting records may differ for several reasons, including time lags, bank mistakes, and company errors.

Time lags are caused by the time it takes for bank transactions to be processed. When a company writes a check, for example, it can take several days for the check to clear the bank and be shown on the bank statement.

Similarly, when a deposit is made, it can take several days for the bank to process the deposit and record it in its system. Errors made by the bank or the company can also cause discrepancies between the balance on the bank statement and the cash balance in the accounting records.

The bank might have recorded a transaction incorrectly or missed one entirely, resulting in an incorrect bank balance. The company could have made a data entry mistake, recorded a transaction twice, or made another error that resulted in an incorrect cash balance in the accounting records. All of these options are correct.

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The balance on the bank statement may differ from the cash balance in the accounting records due to a number of reasons, including time lags and errors by either the bank or the company. all of the answer choices are correct

Time lags may arise because of delays in recording transactions on either side, such as checks that have been written but not yet cleared or deposits that have not yet been processed by the bank.

Errors by the bank could include mistakes in recording transactions or discrepancies in the account balance, while errors by the company could result from incorrect entries, fraudulent activities or misappropriation of funds. Therefore, all of the answer choices are correct.

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The traditional operations management definition of throughput is the average number of goods or services completed per time period by a process.

The planning, structuring, and control of corporate processes necessary to turn inputs like raw materials, labor, and energy into outputs like goods and services are referred to as operations management. In order to meet client requests, it entails planning and effectively managing the production and delivery of goods and services. This entails making the most of available resources, raising standards, cutting expenses, and ensuring prompt delivery. In order to boost output, quality, and profitability, processes must also be examined and improved during the operations management process. Businesses need effective operations management to be competitive in the global market, and this calls for a thorough grasp of the entire production and supply chain.

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Assuming that my account earns 5% interest compounded daily, in 30 years $122,674 will be accumulated.

As per Given information

Daily Payments = $3.75

Interest Rate = 5% = 0.05 / 365 = 0.0001370 per day

Time = 30 Years = 30 * 365 = 10950 periods

The formula for future value of annuity is given as -

Future Value of Annuity = [tex]P * { ( 1 + r ) ^ n - 1 / r }[/tex]

Future Value of Annuity = 3.75 * { ( 1 + 0.0001370 ^ 10950) / 0.0001370 }

Future Value of Annuity = 3.75 * 32712.969

Future Value of Annuity = $122,673.64 or $122,674 { rounded off }

Therefore, In 30 Years, $122,674 will have accumulated.

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The sales tax is $34.99, and the total cost would be $534.98.

Note, a sales tax is a consumption tax imposed on the sale of goods and services. It is usually a percentage of the purchase price, collected by the seller and remitted to the government.

Since we are told sales tax is 7%; the sales tax value in dollars ($) =

[tex]\frac{7}{100} * 499.99 = 34.99[/tex]

Total cost = Sales tax + cost of computer

Therefore,

Total cost = $34.99 + $499.99 = $534.99.

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In a process cost system, all of the following manufacturing cost components are incurred: Direct materials, manufacturing overhead, and direct labor. Thus, the correct option is "all of these."

The process cost system is a type of inventory management technique that is used to account for goods that are produced in large quantities and are similar in nature. This method divides the cost of goods produced into two major categories: direct costs and indirect costs.

The direct costs, which include materials, labor, and direct overheads, are allocated to each product based on the production volume. Indirect costs, on the other hand, include costs that are not directly tied to the production process but are necessary to complete the production process, such as utilities, rent, and depreciation.

The following are the manufacturing cost components incurred in a process cost system:

In summary, in a process cost system, all of the following manufacturing cost components are incurred: Direct materials, manufacturing overhead, and direct labor. The process cost system is a type of inventory management technique that is used to account for goods that are produced in large quantities and are similar in nature.

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From the given data we find that The price of the bonds at January 1, 2021, is $192,746.40.

To calculate the price of the bonds, we need to determine the present value of the bond's future cash flows, which includes the semi-annual interest payments and the principal payment at maturity.

Step 1: Calculate the semi-annual coupon payment:

The annual coupon payment is 10% of the face amount, which is $240,000 x 10% = $24,000.

Since interest is paid semi-annually, the semi-annual coupon payment is $24,000 / 2 = $12,000.

Step 2: Determine the number of semi-annual periods:

The bonds mature in 10 years, which means there are 20 semi-annual periods (10 years x 2 semi-annual periods per year).

Step 3: Calculate the present value of the semi-annual coupon payments:

Using the present value of an annuity due of $1 table, with 20 periods and a 6% annual interest rate (half of the 12% market yield), we can find the present value factor for a semi-annual period to be 9.8182.

Therefore, the present value of the semi-annual coupon payments can be calculated as follows:

$12,000 x 9.8182 = $117,818.40

Step 4: Calculate the present value of the principal payment:

To calculate the present value of the principal payment, we use the present value of $1 table with 20 periods and a 6% annual interest rate (half of the 12% market yield). The present value factor is 0.3122.

Therefore, the present value of the principal payment can be calculated as follows:

$240,000 x 0.3122 = $74,928

Step 5: Calculate the price of the bonds:

To calculate the price of the bonds, we add the present value of the semi-annual coupon payments and the present value of the principal payment.

Price of bonds = Present value of semi-annual coupon payments + Present value of principal payment

Price of bonds = $117,818.40 + $74,928

Price of bonds = $192,746.40

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Two ways we can start building strong credit practices as a teenager Get a secured credit card and . Become an authorized user on a parent’s account.

As a teenager, there are two ways you can start building strong credit practices.One of the best ways to start building your credit score is by getting a secured credit card. As a teenager, you might not have a credit history, which can make it hard for you to get approved for traditional credit cards. A secured credit card works like this: You put down a deposit, which acts as your credit limit. You can then use the card to make purchases and pay off the balance each month, just like you would with a traditional credit card. Your payments are reported to the credit bureaus, which helps establish your credit history.

Another way to start building your credit score is by becoming an authorized user on a parent’s account. This means that you’ll have a credit card with your name on it, but you won’t be responsible for the payments. Instead, the parent will be responsible for making the payments on time.As an authorized user, you can benefit from the positive credit history of the account owner. This can help boost your credit score, as long as the account owner has a good credit history. It’s important to note that if the account owner misses payments or carries a high balance, it could negatively affect your credit score.

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As Marjorie has evidence that her identity has been stolen, the first that to deal with this issue will be to call the company where she knows the fraud occurred. The Option B is correct.

Identity theft is the crime of obtaining another person's personal or financial information in order to commit fraud, such as making unauthorized transactions or purchases. Identity theft occurs in a variety of ways, leaving victims with damage to their credit, finances, and reputation.

If your identity has been stolen, the first step is to report it to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). One can also put the credit reports on hold, file a police report, and change all of your login and password information. Here, the first that to deal with this issue will be to call the company where she knows the fraud occurred.

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The following are examples of master data relevant to material planning: bill of materials, work centers, and product routing.

What is material planning? Material planning is the procedure of determining the availability of material requirements for production and delivery to customers. Material planning is a critical aspect of production management, and it includes a variety of planning and inventory control methods. Material planning ensures that enough inventory is available when required, that there is no material wastage or obsolescence, and that production goals are met effectively. The following are examples of master data relevant to material planning: Bill of materials: A bill of materials (BOM) is a document that lists all of the components, parts, and raw materials required to manufacture a product.

A bill of materials is a vital tool in material planning since it allows businesses to calculate the quantity of raw materials and parts required to manufacture a finished product. Work centers: Work centers are physical or logical locations where production work is performed. Work centers can be in various locations and can vary in size, capability, and personnel. Work centers may contain various machinery, equipment, tools, and human resources required to complete production operations. Product routing: Product routing is a series of instructions and procedures that define the steps required to manufacture a product. The product routing defines the sequence of operations and the resources required at each stage of production. Product routing aids in the scheduling of production operations and helps in determining the necessary raw materials and resources needed for the process.

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features of monopolies A. One corporation controls the majority of the market. The majority of the market is controlled by a small number of enterprises in the sector.

A monopoly is a company that dominates the market even when there are other companies operating there, according to a looser definition. One seller dominates the market in a pure monopoly. Hence, the entire industry is one company. The whole market share belongs to one company in this industry.

A monopoly, on the other hand, is the dominating company in the market according to a more flexible definition. Hence, the company effectively controls the entire market.

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This scenario exemplifies a motivational approach to redesign of work called job rotation.

Job rotation is a method of job design in which employees are moved between different tasks or jobs at regular intervals to provide variety and stimulate interest. In this scenario, James has different duties for each day of the week, which provides him with a diverse range of tasks and helps prevent boredom or burnout.

By rotating tasks, employees can learn new skills, gain experience in different areas, and develop a better understanding of the organization as a whole. This approach can also increase motivation and job satisfaction, as employees feel that their work is more meaningful and they have more control over their work environment.

Additionally, job rotation can help reduce absenteeism and turnover, as employees are less likely to become dissatisfied with their work or feel stuck in a rut.

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The source document for journalizing sales returns and allowances is a "debit note or credit note."

What are sales returns and allowances? Sales returns and allowances refer to products that are returned by a buyer to the seller, usually because the goods are damaged or not according to the order given by the buyer. A debit note or credit note is issued by the seller as a result of this transaction, which is then used as a source document for journalizing sales returns and allowances.

What is a debit note? A debit note is a document that a seller provides to a purchaser to inform them that they have been billed for more than the correct amount. A debit note is a method of reducing an invoice amount when the invoice is originally issued, making it more accurate. The seller acknowledges the decrease in the amount due to the purchaser in a debit note.

What is a credit note? A credit note is a document that a seller provides to a buyer to let them know that they have been billed for less than the correct amount. A credit note is a means of increasing an invoice amount when the invoice is originally issued, making it more accurate. The seller acknowledges the increase in the amount due from the purchaser in a credit note.

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If a coworker asks you for advice on how to communicate a strict deadline in a request letter, the advice that you would give are as follows:

Apologize for the need to set a deadline to soften the message.

Set an end date to take action and explain why.

Give an approximate date for the deadline.

Apologize for the need to set a deadline to soften the message. Be sure to start the letter by expressing gratitude and giving thanks for your coworker's work so far. You might also make a point of acknowledging the value of your coworker's contributions or the difficulty of the task they are undertaking.

You should then move on to state the reason why you are writing the letter.

Set an end date to take action and explain why. Your letter should include a specific deadline by which you expect the task to be completed.

This deadline should be reasonable, but it should also be firm enough that your coworker understands the importance of the task. In order to help your coworker meet this deadline, you should also provide any necessary resources or information, including instructions on how to proceed.

Give an approximate date for the deadline. Since deadlines can be difficult to predict, you might consider providing an approximate date for the deadline.

This could be useful if your coworker needs to coordinate with other team members or if there are any external factors that could impact the project.

An approximate deadline can also be helpful if you need to adjust the deadline later on, as it gives your coworker some flexibility to work around unforeseen circumstances.

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No, Rosa doesn't have to pay for the car as she is no longer obligated to pay the full amount of the car to Joey because car is totaled now and the written agreement is nullified.

According to the problem statement, on Monday, Rosa agreed to buy Joey's car for $8,000 when she gets paid on Friday. They have signed a written agreement with the terms that she will pay him $100 per week until the car is paid for.

On Thursday, the car is involved in an auto accident and is totaled. Now, does Rosa have to pay for the car? The answer is No, Rosa doesn't have to pay for the car. As the car is involved in an auto accident and is totaled, Rosa is no longer obligated to pay the full amount of $8,000 for the car.

Instead, the agreement they had previously made for the car is now voided due to the accident. In simple terms, the car is now a total loss, and it is no longer available to Rosa. Therefore, the written agreement is now null and void. So, Rosa doesn't have to pay for the car.

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Real Interest Rate is  8.25%. Therefore option B is correct.

Convert the nominal interest rate and inflation rate to decimals: 11.50% = 0.115, and 3% = 0.03. Apply the Fisher Effect formula: Real Interest Rate =  (1 + Nominal Interest Rate) / (1 + Inflation Rate) - 1.
Plug in the values: Real Interest Rate = (1 + 0.115) / (1 + 0.03) - 1. Calculate the result: Real Interest Rate = (1.115) / (1.03) - 1. Continue calculating: Real Interest Rate = 1.0825 - 1. Convert the result back to a percentage: Real Interest Rate = 0.0825 * 100 = 8.25%.
Based on the Fisher Effect, the real interest rate is 8.25%. So, the correct answer among the multiple-choice options is 8.25%.

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According to the GASB definition, revenues represent an inflow of resources. Option A is correct.

Revenues are defined by the GASB as "inflows or other enhancements of assets of an entity or settlements of its liabilities (or a combination of both) from delivering or producing goods, rendering services, or other activities that constitute the entity's ongoing major or central operations." In other words, revenues represent the resources that a government or other entity receives from providing goods or services, selling assets, or other activities.

Assets, on the other hand, represent resources that a government or other entity controls or owns, such as cash, investments, property, or equipment. Deferred inflows are a type of resource that represents resources that have been received but have not yet been earned or used, such as advance payments or prepaid expenses.

Expenditures, on the other hand, represent the outflow of resources from a government or other entity as a result of providing goods or services, purchasing assets, or other activities. Expenditures are the opposite of revenues and represent a reduction in the resources available to a government or other entity. Option A is correct.

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The statement is true, excess capacity will not be visually recognizable to consumers, only to firms.

When there is less demand for a company's products and services than there is production capacity, the situation is referred to as having excess capacity. When demand is at its lowest in a seasonal sector, capacity may nevertheless be kept up to match the season's peak.

Excess capacity happens when a company produces more than the market needs. Excess capacity can result in an imbalance between revenue and expenses, even if it may indicate good expansion. You may calculate excess capacity by subtracting actual production from total capacity.

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The person who is confident to do work alone as well as in group, who put same effort to do work as he is doing it alone would be predicted to be the least likely to engage in social loafing.

In social psychology, social loafing is the phenomenon of a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when working alone. It is seen as one of the main reasons groups are sometimes less productive than the combined performance of their members working as individuals. Research on social loafing began with rope pulling experiments by Ringelmann, who found that members of a group tended to exert less effort in pulling a rope than did individuals alone. In more recent research, studies involving modern technology, such as online and distributed groups, have also shown clear evidence of social loafing. Many of the causes of social loafing stem from individual members' feeling their individual effort will not matter to the group.

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The cash proceeds the company will receive when the bonds mature equal to $36,000 when rate of interest is 11% on bonds and maturity value is $36,000. Option (C) $36,000 is the correct answer.

Based on the provided information: A company paid $33,800 to acquire 11% bonds with a $36,000 maturity value. The company intends to hold the bonds to maturity. The maturity value is $36,000, and the company intends to hold the bond until maturity.

A bond is a type of fixed-income financial security that represents a loan made by an investor to a borrower. An issuer, whether a corporation, municipality, or government agency, sells bonds to raise money for various projects and activities. The issuer guarantees to pay a fixed interest rate to the bondholder for a specified period, after which the bond is redeemed.

Therefore, the company will receive the maturity value of $36,000 when the bond matures. Hence, the cash proceeds the company will receive when the bonds mature equal to $36,000. Therefore, option (C) $36,000 is the correct answer.

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Many countries are transitioning to a market-based economy due to political changes. Yes, the circumstances have led to the spread of globalization.

Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness of the world's economies, societies, and cultures. The transition of many countries to a market-based economy has contributed to the spread of globalization in various ways.

The market-based economy focuses on supply and demand, making it easier for goods, services, and capital to flow across borders.

Another way in which this transition has contributed to the spread of globalization is by removing trade barriers, including tariffs and quotas, and liberalizing trade policies.

This has made it easier for countries to engage in international trade and investment, thereby contributing to the growth of global trade and investment.

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In collective bargaining, occasionally a neutral third party is occasionally used to investigate/collect the facts and propose non binding solutions in a process called alternative dispute resolution methods.

The term alternative dispute resolution (ADR) refers to various methods of resolving disputes outside of court. Arbitration, neutral evaluation, and mediation are examples of common ADR procedures. Compared to traditional court proceedings, these procedures are typically more private, informal, and stress-free.

Mediation-The goal of mediation is for a neutral third party to help disputants come to a consensus on their own. A skilled mediator works with the disputing parties to explore the interests that underlie their positions rather than imposing a solution.

In a negotiation, arbitration can be requested by the parties or forced upon them by a court or a contract. The big advantage of arbitration over mediation is that it always results in a settlement.

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The amount of the free cash flow is $41,800.

We know that Net income = $42,500; Depreciation expense = $1,800; Interest expense = $900; Taxes = $1,600 Additions to net working capital = $2,300; Net capital spending = $11,700

Free cash flow is a measurement that represents the cash generated or that is available for distribution to investors and creditors after all expenses have been paid.

Free cash flow = (Net income + Depreciation expense - Capital expenditure - Increase in working capital) - Taxes- Interest expense

Where, Net income + Depreciation expense - Capital expenditure - Increase in working capital= Cash from operations

Net capital spending = Capital expenditure

Using the above information,

Free cash flow = (Net income + Depreciation expense - Capital expenditure - Increase in working capital) - Taxes- Interest expense

= [($42,500 + $1,800 - $11,700 - $2,300) - $1,600 - $900]

= [$44,300 - $2,500]

= $41,800

Therefore, the amount of free cash flow for Johnson's animation is $41,800.

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A competitive price-taker firm would be willing to remain in the industry in the long run at zero economic profit because it is covering all costs, including the opportunity cost of capital and labor, and could not do better elsewhere. (A)

A competitive price-taker firm would be willing to remain in the industry in the long run at zero economic profit because it can cover all its costs, including the opportunity costs of capital and labor. This means that the firm is making a normal rate of return and is unable to do better elsewhere.

Since the firm is making a normal rate of return, it will remain in the industry in the long run, even if its accounting profit is zero or even negative. This is because the accounting profit does not take into account the opportunity cost of capital and labor, whereas the economic profit does. (A)

As long as the firm is covering all its costs and not making any economic losses, it will remain in the industry in the long run.

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The economic activity that Amon is engaging in is bartering.

Bartering is the exchange of one commodity or service for another. It is a type of trade in which goods and services are exchanged for other goods and services without the use of money.

Bartering is a popular economic activity that has been practiced for centuries. It was once a common means of trading goods and services in many parts of the world. It is still used today in many parts of the world, especially in rural communities and less developed countries.Therefore, the economic activity that Amon is engaging in is bartering.

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