(C) Sugar cakes are almost certainly made in cottage industry. These small businesses frequently used contract provider-provided raw materials to produce finished goods.
What Is a Cottage Industry?A cottage industry is a small manufacturing business that is run by a single person or a family and usually operates out of a home rather than a specially constructed facility. The low initial investment required to establish a cottage industry defines it. They are at a significant disadvantage when competing with factory-based manufacturers of mass-produced goods because they tend to concentrate on producing labor-intensive goods. Light manufacturing operations engaged in subcontracted work, such as garment-making, textiles, or sewing, as well as shoemaking and small metal machine parts, were the first cottage industries in Europe and the United States.
In the created world, numerous contemporary businesses that right now work in plants supplanted cabin enterprises that flourished before the Modern Upset.
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a mechanic took out a mortgage from a bank to buy the garage he and his employees work out of. how would this be listed on a balance sheet? multiple choice accounts payable notes payable fixed liability long-term liability common liability
None of the options provided is the correct answer for how the mechanic's mortgage would be listed on a balance sheet.
Instead, the mechanic's mortgage would be listed as a long-term liability on the balance sheet. A long-term liability is a debt or obligation that is due in more than one year. The mechanic's mortgage is a long-term obligation because it will take several years to repay the loan.
Other examples of long-term liabilities include long-term notes payable, bonds payable, and pension liabilities. By listing the mortgage as a long-term liability, the balance sheet accurately reflects the amount of debt owed by the mechanic over the long-term and helps to give a clear picture of the company's financial position.
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to use reward power effectively, a manager should: group of answer choices select subordinates of his or her choice aim at reducing unproductive employees make the connection clear between the behavior being rewarded and the reward force employees to perform specific tasks
To use reward power effectively, a manager should option (a) make the connection clear between the behavior being rewarded and the reward.
Reward power is a type of power that a manager possesses when he or she can give rewards or incentives to subordinates for their good performance or behavior. To use this power effectively, a manager should clearly communicate to the subordinates what specific behavior or performance is being rewarded and what reward they will receive for it
Being explicit about the behavior being rewarded is important because it helps avoid any confusion or misinterpretation on the part of the subordinates. This clarity also helps ensure that the reward is perceived as fair and equitable.
Informing subordinates of rules and penalties is related to the use of coercive power, which is different from reward power. Coercive power involves the use of threats or punishments to influence behavior, while reward power is focused on positive reinforcement.
Therefore, the correct option is (a) make the connection clear between the behavior being rewarded and the reward
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The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
To use reward power effectively, a manager should: (A) make the connection clear between the behavior being rewarded and the reward. (B) not be explicit about the behavior being rewarded. (C) inform subordinates of rules and penalties. (D) not select subordinates similar to himself/herself .
your selection committee is choosing between two projects. project a has a cost of $100,000 with expected cash inflows of $10,000 per month. project b has a cost of $150,000 with expected cash inflows of $25,000 the first five months and $5,000 per month after that. which project should you recommend based solely on this information? a.project b because project b's payback period is 9 months b.project a because project b's payback period is 11 months c.project a because project b's payback period is 24 months d.either project a or project b because the payback periods are equal
Based on cash in flow analysis, we can recommend that Project B is the better choice. Not only does it have a shorter payback period, but it also generates more cash in the early stages of the project. (option a).
To determine which project is more favorable based on cash flow, we can calculate the payback period. The payback period is the amount of time it takes for a project to generate enough cash to cover its initial investment.
Using this formula, we can calculate the payback period for each project. Project A would have a payback period of 10 months (since the cost of the project is $100,000 and the expected cash inflows are $10,000 per month). Project B would have a payback period of 5 months (since it generates $25,000 in the first five months, and then $5,000 per month after that).
Hence the correct option is (a).
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the following information is available for a company's cost of sales over the last five months. monthunits sold cost of salesjanuary460 $33,400february860 $40,000march1,900 $52,000april2,700 $64,000using the high-low method, the estimated variable cost of sales per unit sold is: monthunits sold cost of salesjanuary580 $27,800february720 $33,000march1,200 $45,000april2,580 $57,000using the high-low method, the estimated total fixed cost is:
The high-low method is a technique used to separate the fixed and variable components of a mixed cost. To estimate the fixed cost, we need to use the formula:
Fixed Cost = Total Cost - (Variable Cost per Unit x Total Units)
Using the information given, the highest level of units sold was in April, which was 2,700 units at a cost of $64,000. The lowest level of units sold was in January, which was 460 units at a cost of $33,400.
Using these two data points, we can calculate the variable cost per unit as follows:
Variable Cost per Unit = (Cost at High Level - Cost at Low Level) / (Units at High Level - Units at Low Level)
Variable Cost per Unit = ($64,000 - $33,400) / (2,700 - 460)
Variable Cost per Unit = $30.20
Using the information from the second part of the question, we can substitute the values into the formula above to calculate the fixed cost:
Fixed Cost = Total Cost - (Variable Cost per Unit x Total Units)
Fixed Cost = $57,000 - ($30.20 x 2,580)
Fixed Cost = $57,000 - $77,796
Fixed Cost = -$20,796
The negative result indicates that the estimated fixed cost is not a valid estimate, as it implies that the company would have a negative fixed cost.
This could be due to outliers in the data or other factors affecting the accuracy of the estimates. Further analysis and review of the data would be necessary to obtain a more accurate estimate of the fixed cost.
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the most important disadvantage to the use of the american community survey data and trading area analysis is
The American Community Survey data and Trading Area Analysis can be useful tools for business planning and decision-making, it is important to be aware of their potential limitations, including issues related to accuracy and scope.
The American Community Survey (ACS) is a dataset that provides demographic and socioeconomic information on US communities, while Trading Area Analysis (TAA) is a method of analyzing the market area of a business. While both of these tools can be useful for business planning and decision-making, there are also some disadvantages to their use.
One of the most important disadvantages of using ACS data and TAA is their potential lack of accuracy. The ACS data is based on a sample of the population, rather than a complete enumeration, which means that there may be sampling errors and biases that could affect the reliability of the data. Additionally, TAA relies on assumptions about the behavior and preferences of customers, which may not always be accurate in practice.
Another important disadvantage of using ACS data and TAA is their limited scope. While these tools can provide valuable insights into the demographics and market characteristics of a particular area, they do not necessarily take into account other important factors, such as changes in consumer behavior, economic trends, or competitive pressures.
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the m1 measure of the money supply equals part 2 a. currency in circulation plus checking account deposits in banks plus savings account deposits plus money market mutual fund shares. b. paper money plus coins in circulation. c. currency in circulation plus checking account deposits in banks. d. currency in circulation plus checking account deposits in banks plus savings account deposits.
M1 includes the most liquid forms of money, which are "currency in circulation plus checking account deposits in banks plus savings account deposits." The correct option is D.
The currency in circulation (i.e., paper money and coins held by the public) and checking account deposits in banks (i.e., demand deposits that can be withdrawn by writing a check or using a debit card). M1 does not include savings account deposits or money market mutual fund shares, which are less liquid than checking account deposits and cannot be used directly for transactions.
The reason of m1 measure of the money supply equals to the money market mutual fund shares, which are less liquid than checking account deposits and cannot be used directly for transactions.
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a diverse team can produce better outcomes because of the differing viewpoints and approaches members bring to problem solving. which trait characterizes the dynamic leaders of such teams?
The ability to facilitate open communication and collaboration among team members characterizes the dynamic leaders of such teams.
A dynamic individual is one who exudes life, vitality, and enthusiasm. They never stop looking for new chances, adventures, and difficulties, and they don't mind taking chances to succeed. The ability to encourage open communication and collaboration among team members while also valuing and utilizing their various perspectives and approaches is a quality that distinguishes dynamic leaders of diverse teams.
Effective team leaders foster an environment that values open communication and respects opposing viewpoints while also fostering a common vision and objectives for the group. They also have excellent communication abilities and emotional intelligence, which they can use to resolve disputes amicably and foster teamwork.
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4. wal-mart orders $200 of inventory but pays for it using debt. what happens on the statements immediately after this transaction?
The Wal-Mart's liabilities will increase by $200, while the inventory account remains unchanged on the balance sheet.
Immediately after this transaction, Wal-mart's balance sheet will show an increase in inventory by $200 and an increase in liabilities (debt) by $200. The income statement will not be affected at this point, as the expense will be recognized when the inventory is sold.
When a company like Wal-Mart orders inventory using debt, it is essentially borrowing money to pay for the inventory. This means that the company's liabilities will increase by the amount borrowed ($200 in this case), while the inventory account on the balance sheet remains unchanged.
The increase in liabilities will be reflected in the company's financial statements, such as the balance sheet and the statement of cash flows. This transaction may also impact other financial ratios, such as the debt-to-equity ratio, which can provide insight into the company's financial health and leverage.
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during its most recent fiscal year, raphael enterprises sold 310,000 electric screwdrivers at a price of $18.30 each. fixed costs amounted to $961,000 and income was $1,271,000. what amount should have been reported as variable costs in the company's contribution margin income statement for the year in question? multiple choice
The amount that should have been reported as variable costs in the company's contribution margin income statement for the year in question is $3,441,000. So, correct option is A.
The variable cost per unit for Raphael Enterprises can be calculated by subtracting the total fixed costs and the total income from the total sales revenue, and then dividing the result by the total number of units sold.
Total Sales Revenue = 310,000 x $18.30 = $5,673,000
Contribution Margin = Total Sales Revenue - Total Variable Costs
Contribution Margin = Total Fixed Costs + Income
Total Variable Costs = Total Sales Revenue - Contribution Margin
Total Variable Costs = $5,673,000 - ($961,000 + $1,271,000)
Total Variable Costs = $3,441,000
Variable Cost per Unit = Total Variable Costs / Total Units Sold
Variable Cost per Unit = $3,441,000 / 310,000
Variable Cost per Unit = $11.10
Therefore, correct option is A.
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Complete question is:
During its most recent fiscal year, raphael enterprises sold 310,000 electric screwdrivers at a price of $18.30 each. fixed costs amounted to $961,000 and income was $1,271,000. what amount should have been reported as variable costs in the company's contribution margin income statement for the year in question? multiple choice
A) $3,441,000
B) $3,341,000
C) $3,141,000
in the network below, the demand values are shown on vertices. lower bounds on flow and edge capacities are shown as (lower bound, capacity) for each edge. answer the following questions: (a) remove the lower bounds on each edge. write down the new demands on each vertex a, b, c, d, e, f in this order. (b) solve the circulation problem without lower bounds. write down the max-flow value. (c) is there is a feasible circulation in the original graph? explain your answer.
The new demands on each vertex are: a= -5, b= 0, c= 5, d= -1, e= 0, f= 1. The max-flow value without lower bounds is 0. No, there is no feasible circulation in the original graph as the sum of all demands is not equal to zero.
The new demands on each vertex after removing the lower bounds on each edge are:
a: -5
b: 0
c: 5
d: -1
e: 0
f: 1
To solve the circulation problem without lower bounds, we can construct the corresponding flow network and compute the max-flow value. The max-flow value is equal to the sum of the demands, which is 0 in this case.
There may or may not be a feasible circulation in the original graph, as the lower bounds on the edges may restrict the flow and violate the conservation of flow at certain vertices.
To determine whether a feasible circulation exists, we need to solve the circulation problem with the lower bounds included and check if the solution satisfies the conservation of flow at each vertex and the lower bounds on the edges.
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what is the price today (in dollars and cents) of a 20-year zero coupon bond if the required rate of return is 5.35%. the bond face value is $1000.
The price of the 20-year zero coupon bond is $376.26.
To calculate the price of a 20-year zero coupon bond, we can use the following formula
Price = Face Value / (1 + r)^n
where r is the required rate of return and n is the number of years until maturity.
In this case, the face value is $1000, the required rate of return is 5.35%, and the number of years until maturity is 20. Plugging these values into the formula, we get
Price = 1000 / (1 + 0.0535)^20
Do the arithmetic operations
= 1000 / 2.6531
Divide the numbers
= $376.26 (rounded to the nearest cent)
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assets acquired in a basket purchase are valued based on: multiple choice their cost plus the difference between their cost and fair values. their relative fair values. the present value of their future cash flows. their assessed valuation.
Assets acquired in a basket purchase are valued based on their relative fair values. So, the correct option is B).
A basket purchase is a common method of acquiring multiple assets as a single purchase, and the value of each asset needs to be assigned in proportion to its fair value. The fair value of an asset is the amount at which it could be bought or sold in a transaction between willing parties, under normal market conditions.
Assigning the fair value of each asset acquired in a basket purchase is important to ensure accurate accounting and to comply with accounting standards. By assigning the fair value of each asset, the company can accurately allocate the purchase price among the assets acquired and report the assets on its balance sheet at their proper value.
So, the correct answer is B).
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the percentage change in the demand for one good divided by the percentage change in the price of a related good is the
The percentage change in the demand for one good divided by the percentage change in the price of a related good is the "cross-price elasticity of demand."
The cross-price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the demand for one good to changes in the price of another related good. It indicates whether the two goods are substitutes or complements.
If the cross-price elasticity of demand is positive, then the two goods are substitutes. This means that as the price of one good increases, the demand for the other good will increase. For example, if the price of Coca-Cola increases, consumers may switch to Pepsi instead, leading to an increase in the demand for Pepsi
If the cross-price elasticity of demand is negative, then the two goods are complements. This means that as the price of one good increases, the demand for the other good will decrease. For example, if the price of automobiles increases, the demand for gasoline may decrease, as people may reduce their driving.
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if miller and modigliani had incorporated the costs of bankruptcy into their model, it is unlikely that they would have concluded that 100% debt financing is optimal. a. true b. false
It seems unlikely that Miller and Modigliani would have come to the conclusion that 100% debt financing is ideal if they had included the costs of bankruptcy in their model. true
According to corporate finance theory, bankruptcy costs of debt are the greater costs associated with borrowing money instead of using equity as a form of financing. The fact that bankruptcy is typically an expensive procedure in and of itself, rather than just a change in ownership, suggests that these expenditures adversely influence the firm's overall value. In the sense that the cost of borrowing rises as the likelihood of bankruptcy rises, these charges might be viewed as financial costs. Understanding that when a company goes bankrupt, investors holding its debt are likely to lose some or all of their investment is one approach to comprehend this. As a result, investors need a greater rate of return when investing in bonds.
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under an adjustable life insurance policy, for which of the following actions must the insured usually prove insurability? a taking a policy loan b changing the beneficiary c increasing the death benefit d decreasing the premium amount
Under an adjustable life insurance policy, proving insurability may be required for taking a policy loan, changing the beneficiary, and increasing the death benefit. (option c).
Insurability refers to the insurance company's assessment of an individual's overall health and risk factors to determine their eligibility for coverage. Let's take a closer look at each of the actions listed and how they relate to insurability.
If the insured wants to increase the death benefit of their policy, they will need to prove insurability.
An increase in the death benefit means an increase in risk for the insurance company. Therefore, the insurer will want to assess the policyholder's current health and overall risk factors before making a decision.
Finally, decreasing the premium amount usually does not require proving insurability. However, this may depend on the specific terms of the policy and the insurer's policies.
Hence the correct option is (c).
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an auditor is required to perform his or her professional services with the same degree of skill, knowledge, and judgment possessed by other members of the profession under the standard of
An auditor is required to perform his or her professional services with the same degree of skill, knowledge, and judgment possessed by other members of the profession under the standard of Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS).
A set of systematic guidelines used by auditors when conducting audits of businesses' financial records is known as generally accepted auditing standards (GAAS). The actions and reports of auditors are more accurate, consistent, and verifiable thanks to GAAS. The three categories of general standards, field work standards, and reporting standards are used to organize the 10 standards in the GAAS.
Because it absorbs comparatively more energy from incident solar radiations with a relatively higher absorption co-efficient, GaAs (gallium arsenide) is most frequently used in the construction of solar cells. The AICPA (US) and IASB (International Auditing Standards) are two examples of GAAS.
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is the value of social networks and the tendencies that arise from these networks to do things for each other. group of answer choices social capital economic growth global marketing innovation next
The value of social networks and the tendencies that arise from these networks to do things for each other are referred to as social capital.
Social networks have become important sources of social capital in recent years. Social capital refers to the connections between people and the social norms that facilitate cooperation among them. Social capital can be built through social networks by sharing resources, providing emotional support, and exchanging knowledge and expertise.
The value of social networks can be seen in various aspects of economic growth. For instance, social networks can be used to connect entrepreneurs with investors and customers, which can help to promote innovation and economic growth. Social networks can also be used to create social value, such as by connecting people with local services and resources.
Social networks have also become important for global marketing. Social networks can be used to promote products and services to a large audience, which can help to increase sales and profits. Social networks can also be used to gather customer feedback, which can help to improve products and services.
Social capital is an important resource for individuals, groups, and societies that can be used for economic growth, global marketing, and innovation.
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blake recently started a new job. his boss, hailey, informs him of the tasks which need to be done, but gives him no instructions on how to do them. blake has to get these jobs accomplished before he can go home and must figure out how to do them on his own. which style of leadership is hailey practicing?
Hailey is practicing a laissez-faire leadership style, where she provides minimal guidance and control, leaving Blake to make decisions and complete the tasks independently.
In this style, the leader provides minimal guidance to subordinates and allows them to make their own decisions and solve problems on their own.
The leader may provide resources and support, but ultimately leaves it up to the subordinates to figure out how to accomplish their tasks. This can be effective in situations where the subordinates are highly skilled and motivated, but can also lead to confusion and lack of direction if the subordinates are not sure what is expected of them.
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your crazy uncle tommy tutone recently passed away. ac- cording to his will, you are to receive a payment of $8675309 in 39 months. assume that you can invest money at an apr of 6.0% with quarterly compounding. what is the present value of this payment
The present value of the payment is $6,174,372.62.
To calculate the present value, we can use the formula:
PV = FV / (1 + r/n)^(n*t)
Where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of compounding periods per year, and t is the time in years.
In this case, FV is $8,675,309, r is 6.0%, n is 4 (since there are quarterly compounding periods), and t is 39/12 (since the payment is in 39 months). Plugging in these values, we get:
PV = $8,675,309 / (1 + 0.06/4)^(4*(39/12))
PV = $6,174,372.62
Therefore, the present value of the payment is $6,174,372.62.
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a budget a.is a long-term plan. b.covers at least 2 years. c.is only a control tool. d.is a short-term financial plan. e.is necessary only for large firms.
Option d: short-term financial plan. A budget is a short-term financial plan. A budget is an estimate of income and expenses for a given future span of time that is typically created and reviewed on a regular basis.
Any organisation that wishes to spend money, including businesses and governments, as well as individuals and households of any income level, can create a budget.
Budgeting is essential if you want to control your monthly spending, be ready for life's unforeseen events, and be able to buy expensive things without going into debt. It doesn't have to be tedious, you don't have to be good at maths, and keeping track of your income and expenses doesn't mean you can't purchase the things you want. It simply means that you'll be aware of where your money is going and have more influence over
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consider an economy that only produces steel and shoes; steel is capital intensive and shoes are labor intensive. how will emigration of labor from this economy affect the marginal productivity of labor in the long run?
Migration of labor from this economy affect production in the long run C) Production of the labor-intensive good will rise and production of the capital-intensive good will fall.
In an economy that only produces steel (capital-intensive) and shoes (labor-intensive), the migration of labor from this economy will affect the production of both goods in the long run. When labor migrates away from the economy, there will be a decrease in the available workforce. As a result, the production of labor-intensive goods, like shoes, will rise because the remaining workforce will likely focus on the production of goods that require more labor.
On the other hand, the production of capital-intensive goods, like steel, will fall due to the reduced labor force. Steel production relies more on capital (machinery, equipment, etc.) than labor, but it still needs labor to operate the machinery and manage the production process. With a smaller labor force, the economy will struggle to maintain the same level of steel production, leading to a decline in output.
In summary, the migration of labor from an economy that produces steel and shoes will result in an increase in the production of the labor-intensive good (shoes) and a decrease in the production of the capital-intensive good (steel) in the long run. Therefore the correct option is C
The Question was Incomplete, Find the full content below :
Consider an economy that only produces steel and shoes; steel is capital intensive and shoes are labor intensive. How will migration of labor from this economy affect production in the long run?
A)Production of both the labor-intensive and the capital-intensive good will rise.
B)Production of both the labor-intensive and capital-intensive good will fall.
C)Production of the labor-intensive good will rise and production of the capital-intensive good will fall.
D)Production of the labor-intensive good will fall and production of the capital-intensive good will rise.
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which of the following statements regarding equity securities is not true? a.dividend income, but not realized gains and losses on sales, is included in net income each period. b.equity securities are initially reported at cost, and unrealized holding gains and losses are included in income of the current period. c.equity securities are adjusted to fair value on the balance sheet date, and unrealized holding gains and losses are included in income of the current period. d.dividend income, as well as realized gains and losses on sales, is included in net income each period.
Equity securities are adjusted to fair value on the balance sheet date, and unrealized holding gains and losses are included in income of the current period.The only incorrect statement is b.
"Equity securities are initially reported at cost, and unrealized holding gains and losses are included in income of the current period." This statement is false since the equity securities are initially recorded at fair value, not cost.The true statements are as follows:Equity securities are initially recorded at fair value, including transaction costs. Unrealized gains and losses from changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income.
Dividend income is included in net income each period.Realized gains and losses on sales are included in net income each period.Equity securities are adjusted to fair value on the balance sheet date, and unrealized holding gains and losses are included in comprehensive income of the current period. The only opton is incorrect is B.
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a recent aggressive economic stimulus has pushed the economy into an equilibrium real gdp above the potential level. what will happen next?
It indicates that there is excess demand in the economy firms and are producing more than their maximum output capacity.
In such a situation, the demand for goods and services will exceed their supply, leading to inflationary pressures in the economy. To counteract inflationary pressures, the central bank may increase interest rates, which will increase the cost of borrowing and reduce the demand for goods and services.
Alternatively, the government may reduce its spending or raise taxes, which will decrease the aggregate demand and bring the economy back to its potential output level. If the inflationary pressures are not addressed, it may lead to an overheated economy and can result in a recession.
In summary, when the economy is in an equilibrium with real GDP above the potential level, policy measures need to be taken to stabilize the economy and prevent inflation from spiraling out of control.
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schuepfer incorporated bases its selling and administrative expense budget on budgeted unit sales. the sales budget shows 3,400 units are planned to be sold in march. the variable selling and administrative expense is $3.90 per unit. the budgeted fixed selling and administrative expense is $35,840 per month, which includes depreciation of $4,900 per month. the remainder of the fixed selling and administrative expense represents current cash flows. the cash disbursements for selling and administrative expenses on the march selling and administrative expense budget should be: group of answer choices $13,260 $30,940 $49,100 $44,200
The correct answer is $21320. Budgeted Sales 1300 units, Variable S+A x $4.20, Variable Expenses =. 5460,Fixed S+A Expenses. +. 19240 Total S+A Expenses. =. 24700
Less: noncash expense which is dep. - 3380 , Cash S+A Expense = $21320. A sales budget is a financial strategy that projects a company's overall income over a given time frame. To forecast the performance of the business, it focuses on two factors: the quantity of goods sold and the price at which they are sold. The sales and marketing managers determine the budgeted number of units sold based on their projections of how the company's product market share, features, price points, anticipated marketing activities, distribution channels, and sales in new areas will affect future sales.
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kenshin co. enters into a contract with jojo to sell social media, print media, and tv media for $55.00 per month. each service is determined to be a separate performance obligation that is satisfied at a different point in time. kensin's regular social media sells for $30.00, and print media sells for $22.50. the selling price for television media is highly variable. using an acceptable estimation method, kenshin estimates the selling price for the tv media is $15.75. the allocation price of social media will be a.$27.50. b.$30.00. c.$22.65. d.$24.18.
Kenshin's allocation price of social media will be $24.18. Option D is the correct answer.
The cost of selling television media varies significantly. Kenshin uses an appropriate estimation method to determine that the cost of selling TV media is $15.75.To decide the allocation price of social media, we must first compute the total value of all three services.
It can be accomplished by adding up the cost of each service, as follows:Social media: $30Print media: $22.50TV media: $15.75 Total: $68.25After that, the allocation rate of each service is determined by dividing the individual value of each service by the overall value of all three services.
So, the allocation rate for social media is as follows:$30 ÷ $68.25 = 0.439If we multiply the allocation rate by the total selling price of all three services, we'll get the allocation price for social media. So,$55 x 0.439 = $24.18
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a profit-maximizing strategy becomes a loss minimization strategy when a firm in a perfectly competitive industry is producing where group of answer choices
A profit-maximizing strategy becomes a loss minimization strategy when a firm in a perfectly competitive industry is producing where AVC < P < ATC. Option A is correct.
In a perfectly competitive market, a firm's supply curve is its marginal cost curve (MC). In the short run, a firm will continue to produce as long as it can cover its variable costs. The point at which a firm should shut down in the short run is where price (P) is less than average variable cost (AVC), which means that the firm is not even covering its variable costs.
However, if P is still above the shutdown point (where P = minimum AVC), the firm will continue to produce as long as it is covering its variable costs. In this case, the firm will be operating at a loss, but it will be better than shutting down and incurring fixed costs without any revenue.
If P is between AVC and average total cost (ATC), the firm will be covering its variable costs and some of its fixed costs, but it will still be making a loss. This is because the firm is not covering all of its fixed costs, which are unavoidable in the short run. However, the firm will still continue to produce as long as P is above AVC because it is better to cover some of the fixed costs rather than shutting down and incurring all of the fixed costs without any revenue. Option A is correct.
The complete question is
A profit-maximizing strategy becomes a loss minimization strategy when a firm in a perfectly competitive industry is producing where
1. AVC < P< ATC
2. P>ATC
3. P=ATC
4. MR=MC<P
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Answer:AVC < P< ATC
2. P>ATC
3. P=ATC
4. MR=MC<P
irr is incredibly useful for a project with non-normal cash flows since only one irr can exist. true false
True
A method for determining the rate of return or discount rate that will result in a project's net present value (NPV) being zero is known as the internal rate of return (IRR).
Because it considers all linked cash flows and takes into consideration the time value of money, it is especially helpful for projects with non-normal cash flows.
Furthermore, by comparing the needed rate of return with the IRR, IRR can assist in deciding whether or not the investment is worthwhile. The fact that there can only be one IRR for a project makes it a useful tool for capital budgeting decision-making.
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premium winery problem premium winery (pw) considers buying a new facility that will cost $2,000,000. this facility is expected to last for 5 years. there are three ways to finance it, 5-year bonds only, 5-year lease, or new stocks only. do not include dollar signs ($), percent signs (%), or decimal points. round to whole numbers, e.g. 6789. question 15 (3 points) if pw wants to issue 5-year bonds (notes) with a par value $1,000, coupon rate 10% with annual coupon payment. however, the market rate of return of similar assets is 12%. can pw sell these bonds at par (hint, find its intrinsic present value)? if yes, explain? if no, how much can pw sell
No, PW cannot sell these bonds at par because the market rate of return of similar assets is higher than the coupon rate, resulting in a lower intrinsic present value of the bonds than their par value.
To calculate the intrinsic present value of the bonds, we need to discount the annual coupon payments and the par value by the market rate of return. The formula for the intrinsic present value of a bond is
PV = (C / r) x [1 - 1 / (1 + r)^n] + (F / (1 + r)^n)
Where:
PV = present value of the bond
C = annual coupon payment
r = market rate of return
n = number of years until maturity
F = par value of the bond
Using the numbers given in the question, we can calculate the intrinsic present value of the bond as follows
PV = (100 / 0.12) x [1 - 1 / (1 + 0.12)^5] + (1000 / (1 + 0.12)^5)
PV = 667.24 + 567.43
PV = 1234.67
The intrinsic present value of the bond is $1,234.67, which is lower than the par value of $1,000. Therefore, PW cannot sell these bonds at par.
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the standard deviation of shamrock corp. stock is 18 percent. the standard deviation of cara co. stock is 13 percent. the covariance between these two stocks is 93. what is the correlation between shamrock and cara stock? round your answer to four decimal places.
The correlation coefficient between Shamrock Corp. and Cara Co. is 0.3768.
The correlation coefficient is a statistical measure that indicates the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables. It is denoted by the symbol "r" and ranges between -1 and 1.
A correlation coefficient of 1 indicates a perfect positive linear relationship, meaning that when one variable increases, the other variable also increases proportionally
The correlation coefficient between Shamrock Corp. and Cara Co. can be calculated using the following formula:
ρ = Covariance / (Standard deviation of Shamrock Corp. × Standard deviation of Cara Co.)
where ρ is the correlation coefficient.
Substituting the given values, we get
ρ = 93 / (18 × 13) = 0.3768
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what types of retailers often use a high/low pricing strategy? what types of retailers generally use an everyday low-pricing strategy? how would customers likely react if a retailer switched its pricing strategy from one to the other? explain your response.
High/low pricing strategy is usually used by department stores, specialty stores, and apparel retailers. This pricing approach entails setting high prices and then advertising huge discounts or promotional sales frequently to attract price-sensitive buyers.
Discount retailers, supermarkets, and supercenters usually use an everyday low-pricing (EDLP) strategy. The fundamental concept of EDLP is to provide consumers with low prices on an everyday basis. How would customers likely react if a retailer switched its pricing strategy from one to the other? If a retailer switches its pricing strategy from high/low to EDLP, its customers are expected to become accustomed to everyday low prices, causing confusion, and irritation. Customers can no longer want to wait for sales or discounts before making a purchase; instead, they want the same low prices every day, with no exceptions. A change in pricing strategy would undoubtedly confuse customers, and some may feel upset by the changes. Furthermore, the customer's buying patterns would need to be reassessed, and they may need to find new shopping locations if they do not like the new pricing method. The transition, on the other hand, may be smoother if handled properly, and if the retailer is able to demonstrate the value of the new pricing method to customers, they are more likely to embrace it.
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