Which form of currency is a promissory note that is to be paid back with
interest at a certain date?
A. A banknote
B. A government bond
C. A paper dollar
D. A treasury note

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

A treasury note is a form of currency that needs to get paid back with interest at a certain date.

Treasury notes, also known as T-notes, are issued by the US treasury. It earns a fixed interest rate every six months till it gets matured. The treasury notes get issued in terms of 2, 3, 5, 7, and 10 years. By issuing the treasury notes, the US government partially funds itself.

A treasury note is a promissory note that is to be paid back with interest.

Therefore, option D is correct.

Answer 2

Answer:B, a government bond

Explanation:

Just took the test.


Related Questions

In the financial system, who are the borrowers?
A governments, businesses, and households
B governments, households, and individuals
C individuals and households
D households, individuals, and businesses

Answers

I believe it will be B.

After graduating from college, Joseph Tantillo decided to start a retail Web site that specializes in personalized Greek apparel. To fund his Web site, he borrowed money from his parents (who expect to be repaid with interest). In other words, he used _____ financing.

Answers

Answer:

Debt financing

Explanation:

Debt financing is defined as borrowing that a company undertakes to finance it's operations by selling of debt instruments to investors.

The debt instrument attracts interest payment.

Examples of debt financing includes bank loans, loans from friends and family, and government backed loans.

In the given scenario Joseph Tantillo decided to borrow money from his parents to start a retail Web site that specializes in personalized Greek apparel. This is debt financing

In contrast equity financing involves sale of shares to obtain capital

18. You've arrived at the Pecan Shellers conference - your first networking opportunity.
Naturally, you're feeling nervous, but to avoid seeming insecure or uncertain, you've
decided to
A. square your shoulders before entering the room.
B. speak a little louder than you would normally.
C. talk on your cell phone as you walk around.
D. hold an empowered image of yourself in your mind.

Answers

When a person is feeling nervous in this case, to avoid seeming insecure or uncertain, you've decided to square your shoulders before entering the room.

How do you describe a person who is uncertain?

A person who is uncertain is said to be one who is said to be capricious; and also unstable.

This is a kind of person that is not sure of their opinions. and so they  are ambiguous. In the case above, the right thing to do is option A.

Learn more about  networking opportunity from

https://brainly.com/question/1082702

Answer:

D. hold an empowered image of yourself in your mind

Explanation:

 Dr. Norma Carr-Ruffino, a professor of management at San Francisco State University, suggests that you prepare yourself mentally before you enter the room. Imagine new relationships forming on the basis of shared goals, mutual respect, successful communication, and connections that empower you.

Chelsea is a dispatcher who answers calls from patients with medical emergencies
and assigns medical personnel to address patient needs. What education would
Chelsea most likely have needed to complete to get her job?

high school diploma

associate degree

bachelor's degree

master's degree

Answers

Answer:

The answer is an associate degree

Explanation:

I just took the test and got it right.

Answer:

associate degree is the answer

Which of these are mathematical laws that help us solve numerical problems? O A decimals O B. graphs O C. formulas OD. percentages O E. tractions​

Answers

Answer:

The answer is C. Formulas.

Explanation:

Formulas: It is just a mathematical rule that is expressed in numerals or some other symbols and is used to solve a numerical problem.

Marigold Company uses a periodic inventory system. For April, when the company sold 550 units, the following information is available. Units Unit Cost Total Cost April 1 inventory 250 $14 $ 3,500 April 15 purchase 420 17 7,140 April 23 purchase 330 18 5,940 1,000 $16,580 Calculate weighted average cost per unit. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 2.76.) Weighted average cost per unit $enter weighted average cost per unit in dollars rounded to 2 decimal places LINK TO TEXT Compute the April 30 inventory and the April cost of goods sold using the average-cost method. (Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 2,760.) Ending inventory $enter the ending inventory in dollars rounded to 0 decimal places Cost of goods sold

Answers

Answer:

Marigold Company

Cost of goods sold = $9,119

Ending inventory = $7,461

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

                            Units    Unit Cost    Total Cost

April 1 inventory    250         $14            $ 3,500

April 15 purchase  420           17                 7,140

April 23 purchase 330           18                5,940

Total                    1,000                           $16,580

Weighted-average costs   $16.58

Sales                     550

Cost of goods sold = 550 * $16.58 = $9,119

Ending inventory = 450 * $16.58 = $7,461

b) The first computation is for the total cost of goods available, which is then divided by the total units available for sale.  This gives the weighted-average cost per unit.  This unit cost is then multiplied with the units of ending inventory and sales to obtain the cost of the ending inventory and the cost of goods sold, respectively.

A 25-year maturity mortgage-backed bond is issued. The bond has a par value of $10,000 and promises to pay an 8-percent annual coupon. At issue, bond market investors require a 12-percent interest rate on the bond. Assume that 20 years after the bond is issued, bond market investors require a 15-percent interest rate on the bond. What is the market price of the bond

Answers

Answer:

Bond Price after 20 years = $7653.4914 rounded off to $7653.49

Explanation:

To calculate the quote/price of the bond today, which is the present value of the bond, we will use the formula for the price of the bond. As the bond is an annual bond, the annual coupon payment, number of periods and annual YTM will be,

Coupon Payment (C) = 10000 * 0.08 = $800

Total periods remaining (n) = 5

r or YTM = 0.15 or 15%    

The formula to calculate the price of the bonds today is attached.

Bond Price = 800 * [( 1 - (1+0.15)^-5) / 0.15]  + 10000 / (1+0.15)^5

Bond Price after 20 years = $7653.4914 rounded off to $7653.49

ABC company is an all equity company and has 100,000 shares outstanding with a market price of $30 per share. It is considering alternative capital structures that use debt. If the company replaces 25% of its shares with debt, how much would be the total market value of the company under the new capital structure

Answers

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If the direct materials price variance is $500 favorable, and the direct materials quantity variance is $250 unfavorable, the journal entry will include a: (You may select more than one answer. Single click the box with the question mark to produce a check mark for a correct answer and double click the box with the question mark to empty the box for a wrong answer. Any boxes left with a question mark will be automatically graded as incorrect.)

Answers

Answer:

Credit to direct materials price variance

Debit to direct materials quantity variance

Explanation:

Based on the information given in a situation where the direct materials price variance of the amount of $500 is FAVORABLE, and the direct materials quantity variance of the amount of $250 is UNFAVORABLE, the journal entry will include: CREDIT TO DIRECT MATERIALS PRICE VARIANCE and DEBIT TO DIRECT MATERIALS QUANTITY VARIANCE reason been that a variance that is FAVOURABLE are CREDITED while UNFAVORABLE Variance on the other hand are DEBITED.

Therefore The journal entry will include:

Credit to direct materials price variance

Debit to direct materials quantity variance

On December 31, 2018, a company had assets of $20 billion and stockholders' equity of $16 billion. That same company had assets of $40 billion and stockholders' equity of $13 billion as of December 31, 2019. During 2019, the company reported total sales revenue of $13 billion and total expenses of $11 billion. What is the company's debt-to-assets ratio on December 31, 2019

Answers

Answer:

62.50 %

Explanation:

Debt-to-assets ratio = Interest bearing debt / total assets x 100

where,

Accounting Equation :

Assets = Equity + Liability

also stated,

Liability = Assets - Equity

therefore

Interest bearing debt = Assets - Equity

Equity = Stocks + Retained Earnings

for 2019

Equity = $13 billion + ($13 billion - $11 billion) = $15 billion

Interest bearing debt = $40 billion - $15 billion = $25 billion

therefore,

Debt-to-assets ratio = $25 billion / $40 billion x 100 = 62.50 %

Conclusion

The company's debt-to-assets ratio on December 31, 2019 is 62.50 %

How the experience affects buyer behavior.​

Answers

Answer:

because it does

Explanation:

A

Answer:

Situational influences are temporary conditions that affect how buyers behave. They include physical factors such as a store's buying locations, layout, music, lighting, and even smells. Companies try to make the physical factors in which consumers shop as favorable as possible.

Explanation:

Identify which of the following statements are true for the corporate form of organization. (You may select more than one answer. Single click the box with the question mark to produce a check mark for a correct answer and double click the box with the question mark to empty the box for a wrong answer.)
Ownership rights cannot be easily transferred
Ownership rights cannot be easily transferred
Owners have unlimited liability for corporate debts
Capital is more easily accumulated than with most other forms of organization.
Corporate income that is distributed to shareholders is usually taxed twice.
It is a separate legal entity.
It has a limited life.
Owners are not agents of the corporation.

Answers

Answer:

Statements that are true:

a. Capital is more easily accumulated than with most other forms of organization.

b. Corporate income that is distributed to shareholders is usually taxed twice.

c. It is a separate legal entity.

d. Owners are not agents of the corporation.

In a corporation, capital is more easily accumulated because the company has easier access to loans and can go into the stock market to get more capital.

Corporate income to shareholders is taxes twice. First is when the net income is taxed, second is when the dividends are taxed.

Corporations are a separate entity from their companies which means they are not held for the debt if the company.

Owners are not agents of the corporation. They are the Principal.

Which of the following explains why people became more malnourished after society started relying on agriculture
rather than hunting and gathering?
Commodities were exchanged using money, which was not equally available.
Commodities were often difficult to grow in areas where conditions suited societies
Commodities were controlled by the social elite and the food was not divided evenly
Commodities were found to be too much work for too little money so few people grew crops

Answers

Answer:

the answer would be the second one :)

Dummitt, Inc. anticipates sales of 70,000 units, 68,000 units, and 71,000 units in July, August, and September, respectively. Company policy is to maintain an ending finished-goods inventory equal to 30% of the following month's sales. On the basis of this information, how many units would the company plan to produce in August

Answers

Answer:

the number of units produced in August is 68,900 units

Explanation:

The computation of the number of units produced in August is presented below:

Sales 68,000 units

Add: ending inventory (71,000 units × 30%) 21,300 units

Less: beginning inventory (68,000 units × 30%) -20,400 units

Production in August 68,900 units

Hence, the number of units produced in August is 68,900 units

The same format should be used  

Investing $2,000,000 in TOM's Channel Support Systems initiative will at a minimum increase demand for your products 3.0% in this and in all future rounds. (Refer to the TOM Initiative worksheet in the CompXM Decisions menu.) Looking at the Round 0 Inquirer for Andrews. last year?s sales were $163,189,230. Assuming similar sales next year. the 3.0% increase in demand will provide $4,895,677 of additional revenue. With the overall contribution margin of 34.1%. after direct costs this revenue will add $1,669,426 to the bottom line. For simplicity, assume that the demand increase and margins will remain at last year's levels. How long will it take to achieve payback on the initial $2,000,000 TQM investment, rounded to the nearest month?
a) TOM investment will not have a significant financial impact
b) 5 months
c) 14 months
d) 10 months

Answers

Answer:

c) 14 months

Explanation:

Initial investment = $2,000,000

Revenue = $1,669,426

Profit = $2,000,000 - $1,669,426 = $330,574

Payback period = 1 + [Profit/Revenue]

Payback period = 1 + [$330,574/$1,669,426]

Payback period = 1 + 0.198017

Payback period = 1.198017 years

Payback period = 1.198017 * 12 months

Payback period = 14.376204 months

Payback period = 14 months approximately.

Leisure Lodge Corporation is expected to pay the following dividends over the next four years: $22.00, $15.00, $6.00 and $3.20. Afterwards, the company pledges to maintain a constant 4 percent growth rate in dividends forever. If the required return on the stock is 19 percent, what is the current share price

Answers

Answer:

P0 = $45.299899  rounded off to $45.30

Explanation:

The dividend discount model (DDM) can be used to calculate the price of the stock today. DDM calculates the price of a stock based on the present value of the expected future dividends from the stock. The formula for price today under DDM is,

P0 = D1 / (1+r)  +  D2 / (1+r)^2  +  ...  +  Dn / (1+r)^n  +  [(Dn * (1+g) / (r - g)) / (1+r)^n]

Where,

D1, D2, ... , Dn is the dividend expected in Year 1,2 and so ong is the constant growth rate in dividendsr is the discount rate or required rate of return

P0 = 22 / (1+0.19)  +  15 / (1+0.19)^2  +  6 / (1+0.19)^3  + 3.2 / (1+0.19)^4  +  

[(3.2 * (1+0.04) / (0.19 - 0.04)) / (1+0.19)^4]

P0 = $45.299899  rounded off to $45.30

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Fischer Company uses 12,000 units of a part in its production process. The costs to make a part are: direct material, $15; direct labor, $27; variable overhead, $15; and applied fixed overhead, $32. Heath has received a quote of $60 from a potential supplier for this part. If Fischer buys the part, 75 percent of the applied fixed overhead would continue. Fischer Company would be better off by

Answers

Answer: $60,000

Explanation:

Total cost of producing the good internally:

= No. of units * (Direct material + Direct labor + Variable overhead + Applied fixed overhead)

= 12,000 * (15 + 27 + 15 + 32)

= $‭1,068,000‬

If the good is acquired externally for $60, they would still incur 75% of the applied fixed overhead:

= 12,000 * [ 60 + (75% * 32)]

= $‭1,008,000‬

If Fischer received from the supplier, they would save:

= 1,068,000 - 1,008,000

= $60,000

Fischer Company would be better off by $60,000 to buy the part.

The higher prices charged by monopolists: Group of answer choices are like a private tax that redistributes income from consumers to monopoly sellers. are socially optimal because they better reflect how much society values the good relative to the resources used to produce it. have no effect on the distribution of income. return to consumers through the public goods provided by monopolies.

Answers

Answer:

are like a private tax that redistributes income from consumers to monopoly sellers.

Explanation:

A monopoly is a market structure which is typically characterized by a single-seller who sells a unique product in the market by dominance. This ultimately implies that, it is a market structure wherein the seller has no competitor because he is solely responsible for the sale of unique products without close substitutes. Any individual that deals with the sales of unique products in a monopolistic market is generally referred to as a monopolist.

For example, a public power company is an example of a monopoly because they serve as the only source of power utility provider to the general public in a society.

The higher prices charged by monopolists are like a private tax that redistributes income from consumers to monopoly sellers because the consumers are left with no choice than to patronize these monopolists for essential goods and services since they are the only seller.

Harry, Hermione, and Ron formed an S corporation called Bumblebore. Harry and Hermione both contributed cash of $30,000 to get things started. Ron was a bit short on cash but had a parcel of land valued at $70,700 (basis of $60,000) that he decided to contribute. The land was encumbered by a $40,700 mortgage. What tax bases will each of the three have in his or her stock of Bumblebore

Answers

Answer:

Harry and Hermione $30,000

Ron’s $19,300

Explanation:

Calculation to determine What tax bases will each of the three have in his or her stock of Bumblebore

Based on the information given we were told that both Harry and Hermione contributed cash of the amount of $30,000 to get things started which means that Harry and Hermione TAX BASES will be $30,000

Calculation for Ron’s Tax bases

Using this formula

Ron’s Tax bases=Basis of the property contributed-Mortgage

Let plug in the formula

Ron’s Tax bases=$60,000-$40,700

Ron’s Tax bases=$19,300

Therefore Harry and Hermione tax based will be $30,000 and Ron’s Tax bases will be $19,300

The Gardner Company, a client of your firm, has come to you with the following problem. It has three clerical employees who must perform the following functions:
a. Maintain the general ledger
b. Maintain the accounts payable ledger
c. Maintain the accounts receivable ledger
d. Prepare checks for signature
e. Maintain the cash disbursements journal
f. Issue credits on returns and allowances
g. Reconcile the bank account
h. Handle and deposit cash receipts
Assuming equal abilities among the three employees, the company asks you to
assign the eight functions to them to maximize internal control. Assume that these employees will perform no accounting functions other than the ones listed.

Answers

Answer:

16

Explanation:

lol


What can result from a failure to provide accurate financial statements to a
bank?
A. The bank may experience an increase in defaulted loans.
B. The bank may lose trust in the government.
Ο Ο
C. The bank may appear more attractive than it should.
O
D. The bank may fail due to poor planning.

Answers

Answer:

(A) The bank may experience an increase in defaulted loans

Mongar Corporation applies manufacturing overhead to products on the basis of standard machine-hours. Budgeted and actual overhead costs for the most recent month appear below: Original Budget Actual Costs Variable overhead costs: Supplies $ 7,980 $ 8,230 Indirect labor 29,820 29,610 Total variable manufacturing overhead cost $ 37,800 $ 37,840 The original budget was based on 4,200 machine-hours. The company actually worked 4,350 machine-hours during the month and the standard hours allowed for the actual output were 4,190 machine-hours. What was the overall variable overhead efficiency variance for the month

Answers

Answer:

Variable overhead variance  = $1,440 unfavorable

Explanation:

The variable overhead efficiency variance is the difference between the actual hours and the standard hours for the actual output valued at the standard variable overhead rate per hour.

                                                                   Machine hours

standard hours for the actual output       4,190

Actual hours                                               4,350

Efficiency variance                                        160 unfavorable

Standard rate per hour(see note)              ×  $9      

Variable overhead variance                       1,440 unfavorable

                       

Standard variable rate per machine hour

= Budgeted overhead cost/Budgeted machine hour s

= $37,800/4,200 hours =$9 per machine hour

Variable overhead variance  = $1,440 unfavorable

You decide that structural changes must be made immediately at Holden Evan to deal with the problems caused by the three SBU marketing teams. What should you do? Select an option from the choices below and click Submit. Merge the independent procurement teams of each SBU into a single procurement division serving all product lines. Create a cross-department team to investigate in depth how the problems arose and to offer suggestions on how to deal with them. Merge the three marketing teams of each SBU into a single marketing division serving all product lines.

Answers

Answer:

One of the required structural changes that must be made immediately at Holden Evan to deal with the problems caused by the three SBU marketing teams is:

Merge the three marketing teams of each SBU into a single marketing division serving all product lines.

Explanation:

The marketing department is not a product-based team.  Therefore, a marketing team should not be tied to just one SBU.  The SBU structure can be continued.    But the combination of the marketing teams into a single group creates synergy, avoids effort duplication, reduces competitiveness among the various teams, and above all, helping the group' brand managers to utilize accumulated resources, knowledge,and information of the entire marketing organization for the benefit of the different SBUs.

 

Gundy Company expects to produce 1,304,400 units of Product XX in 2020. Monthly production is expected to range from 87,000 to 127,000 units. Budgeted variable manufacturing costs per unit are: direct materials $4, direct labor $7, and overhead $9. Budgeted fixed manufacturing costs per unit for depreciation are $4 and for supervision are $1.
In March 2020, the company incurs the following costs in producing 107,000 units: direct materials $455,000, direct labor $746,000, and variable overhead $971,000. Actual fixed costs were equal to budgeted fixed costs.
Prepare a flexible budget report for March. (List variable costs before fixed costs.)

Answers

Answer:

                             Gundy Company

             Manufacturing Flexible Budget Report

             For the Month Ended March 31, 2020

                                   Budget                Actual

Units produced         107,000               107,000  

Variable Costs:

Direct Materials        $428,000            $455,000      $27,000 U

                                 ($4 * 107,000)

Direct labor               $749,000             $746,000      $3,000 F

                                  ($7 * 107,000)

Overhead                   $963,000            $971,000      $8,000 U

                                  ($9 ×* 107,000)

Total variable costs  $2,140,000          $2,172,000  $32,000 U

Fixed Costs:

Depreciation                $434,800           $434,800     $0

Supervision                  $108,700            $108,700      $0

Total fixed costs          $543,500          $543,500     $0

Total costs                   $2,683,500         $2,715,500    $32,000 U

Workings:

Depreciation = (1,304,400 * $4) / 12 = $5,217,600 / 12 = $434,800

Supervision = (1,304,400 * $1) / 12 = $1,304,400 / 12  = $108,700

Sheffield Company had sales in 2019 of $1,842,400 on 65,800 units. Variable costs totaled $1,184,400, and fixed costs totaled $498,000. A new raw material is available that will decrease the variable costs per unit by 20% (or $3.60). However, to process the new raw material, fixed operating costs will increase by $93,000. Management feels that one-half of the decline in the variable costs per unit should be passed on to customers in the form of a sales price reduction. The marketing department expects that this sales price reduction will result in a 5% increase in the number of units sold. (a) Prepare a projected CVP income statement for 2020, assuming the changes have not been made. SHEFFIELD COMPANY CVP Income Statement Total Per Unit $ $ $ $

Answers

Answer:

Assuming that no changes happened, 2020 sales and expenses should be similar to 2019's:

                                       Total                        Per unit

Total sales                   $1,842,400                   $28

Variables costs           ($1,184,400)                  ($18)

Contribution margin    $658,000                    $10

Fixed costs                 ($498,000)                  ($7.57)

Operating income       $160,000                    $2.43

Fredericksen Corporation makes one product and has provided the following information: Budgeted sales, February 8,700 units Raw materials requirement per unit of output 6 pounds Raw materials cost $ 2.00 per pound Direct labor requirement per unit of output 2.9 direct labor-hours Direct labor wage rate $ 21.00 per direct labor-hour Predetermined overhead rate (all variable) $ 10.00 per direct labor-hour Variable selling and administrative expense $ 1.10 per unit sold Fixed selling and administrative expense $ 80,000 per month The estimated cost of goods sold for February is closest to: (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)

Answers

Answer:

COGS= $886,530

Explanation:

First, we need to calculate the unitary production cost:

unitary production cost= direct material + direct labor + allocated overhead

unitary production cost= (6*2) + (2.9*21) + (2.9*10)

unitary production cost= $101.9

Now, the cost of goods sold:

COGS= number of units sold*unitary production cost

COGS= 8,700*101.9

COGS= $886,530

You are considering acquiring a common share of Sahali Shopping Center Corporation that you would like to hold for 1 year. You expect to receive both $1.65 in dividends and $25 from the sale of the share at the end of the year. The maximum price you would pay for a share today is __________ if you wanted to earn a 11% return.

Answers

Answer:

Present value = $24.009009 rounded off to $24.01

The maximum price that should be paid for a share today is $24.01

Explanation:

To calculate the price of the stock today that should be paid, we can use the discounted cash flow approach. It calculates the value of stock today based on the present value of future values of cash flows that are expected from the stock. Thus the present value of a stock that is expected to pay a dividend and sell for a given price in 1 year can be calculated as follows,

Present Value = [D1 + P1] / (1+r)

Where,

D1 is the next dividend expected from the stock P1 is the price of the stock in 1 yearr is the required rate of return

Present value = [1.65 + 25] / (1+0.11)

Present value = $24.009009 rounded off to $24.01

Suppose your company is considering exporting to a new market and needs to determine whether it should sell a basic or luxury version of its product there. Data on all of the following EXCEPT _____ would best help answer that question. Group of answer choices per capita GDP general consumption patterns GDP demographic trends

Answers

Answer:

whats qustion

Explanation:

7. Gold Company has budgeted the following costs for the production of its only product: Direct Materials $75,000 Direct Labor 50,000 Variable indirect production costs 25,000 Fixed indirect production costs 27,500 Variable selling and administrative costs 7,500 Fixed selling and administrative costs 15,000 Total Costs $200,000 Gold Company wants a profit of $100,000, and expects to produce 2,500 units. The market price is $125 per unit. What is the target cost per unit of the product

Answers

Answer:

$68 = unitary variable cost

Explanation:

Giving the following formula:

Gold Company wants a profit of $100,000

Production= 2,500 units

Selling price= $125

Fixed indirect production costs 27,500

Fixed selling and administrative costs 15,000

To calculate the target total unitary variable cost, we need to use the following formula:

number of units sold= (desired profit + fixed costs) / (selling price - unitary variable cost)

2,500= (100,000 + 27,500 + 15,000) / (125 - unitary variable cost)

312,500 - 2,500unitary variable cost = 142,500

170,000 = 2,500unitary variable cost

$68=unitary variable cost

Cement Company, Inc. began the first quarter with 1,000 units of inventory costing $25 per unit. During the first quarter, 3,000 units were purchased at a cost of $40 per unit, and sales of 3,400 units at $65 per units were made. During the second quarter, the company expects to replace the units of beginning inventory sold at a cost of $45 per unit. Cement Company uses the LIFO method to account for inventory. What is the correct journal entry to record cost of goods sold at the end of the first quarter

Answers

Answer:

Calculation of Cost of Goods sold under LIFO:

For 3,000 units (3000*40)                                      $120,000

For 400 units (400*25)                                              $10,000

Add: Excess of replacement cost over historical     $8,000

cost of LIFO liquidation (400*(45-25))                    

Cost of Goods sold under LIFO                                $138,000

                                     Journal entry  

Date    Account Titles and Explanation       Debit           Credit

            Cost of Goods sold                        $138,000

                     Inventory  (120000+10000)             $130,000

                     Excess of replacement cost over              $8,000

                     historical cost of LIFO liquidation

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