When an ecosystem contains many different species, there are usually a high number of links in its food web. The sustainability will not be affected of such an ecosystem because typically if one link in the food web is removed, the ecosystem will remain stable.
In the field of science, a food web can be described as a combination of all the food chains in an area. It shows how the different species of an ecosystem are dependent upon each other.
A greater number of organisms in an ecosystem means that there are a greater number of organisms present to act as prey or predator for other species. If one of the links or species is removed from such an ecosystem, a substitute species is present to act as prey or predator in place of it.
Hence, for an ecosystem that has a high number of links in the food web, the ecosystem will remain stable even if a single organism is removed from it.
When an ecosystem contains many different species, there are usually a high number of links in its food web. How does this affect the sustainability of the ecosystem?
A. Typically, if one link in the food web is added, the ecosystem will change its location.
B. Typically, if one link in the food web is removed, the ecosystem will no longer exist.
C. Typically, if one link in the food web is removed, the ecosystem will remain stable.
D. Typically, if one link in the food web is added, the ecosystem will destabilize.
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phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 and stimulation of t-cell factor signaling following activation of ep2 and ep4
The discussion of phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 and stimulation of t-cell factor signaling following activation of ep2 and ep4 is given in below paragraph-
Recently, we demonstrated that the T-cell factor (Tcf)/lymphoid enhancer factor (Lef)-mediated transcriptional activation is triggered by the FP(B) prostanoid receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor that connects to Galpha(q). The EP(2) and EP(4) prostanoid receptors, which couple to Galpha(s), are now reported to also stimulate Tcf/Lef signaling. In HEK cells that were stably transfected with the human EP(2) and EP(4) receptors, transcriptional activity was enhanced by a prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) treatment for 1 hour in a manner that increased it by around 10-fold over basal levels. Akt kinase and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) were both phosphorylated more frequently as a result of this PGE(2)-dependent activation of reporter gene activity.
The FP(B) prostanoid receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor that binds to Galpha, has recently been shown to be the cause of the T-cell factor (Tcf)/lymphoid enhancer factor (Lef)-mediated transcriptional activation (q). It is now known that the EP(2) and EP(4) prostanoid receptors, which link to Galpha(s), also promote Tcf/Lef signaling. A prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) treatment for 1 hour elevated transcriptional activity in HEK cells that had been stably transfected with the human EP(2) and EP(4) receptors by an amount that was roughly 10-fold greater than baseline. This PGE(2)-dependent stimulation of reporter gene activity resulted in increased phosphorylation of Akt kinase and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3).
What is phosphorylation?The process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule or an ion is known as phosphorylation in chemistry. Biology frequently uses this mechanism and its opposite, dephosphorylation. Activation or inactivation of several enzymes by protein phosphorylation is common.
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a 50-year-old man presents with multisystem failure secondary to bilateral pneumonia. he recently traveled from a work conference last week and presented to his primary care physician with fever, cough, and malaise 4 days ago. he was given a broad-spectrum antibiotic and he progressively became worse over the course of the antibiotic treatment. on exam, his body temperature is 40°c, respiration is 35/min, and pulse is 100/min. laboratory examination is significant for impaired liver and renal function. chest x-ray shows patchy infiltrates without evidence of consolidation. a sputum culture is performed and is significant for the presence of wbc in the gram stain, but there are no organisms present. the culture result is negative.
Based on this the drug Azithromycin can be given to them. The correct option is A.
What is Azithromycin?Azithromycin is an antibiotic that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
Middle ear infections, strep throat, pneumonia, traveler's diarrhea, and certain other intestinal infections are examples. Along with other medications, it may also be used for malaria.
As the patient is showing the symptoms like impaired liver and renal function, so it is better to treat the patient with azithromycin.
Thus, the correct option is A.
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Your question seems incomplete, the missing part of question is:
Based on your suspected diagnosis, what is the drug of choice in treating this patient?
A. Azithromycin
B. Metronidazole
C. Penicillin
D. Vancomycin
E. Cefazolin
the organelle within the cytoplasm that is involved in the oxidative conversion of foodstuffs into usable cellular energy is the .
The mitochondria are an organelle found in the cytoplasm that is involved in the oxidative transformation of food into useful cellular energy.
function of mitochondria
Foods are degraded in part to release the energy from chemical bonds into the energy-dense complex adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which stores the chemical energy from food molecule breakdown and releases it to power other cellular functions.
What do the mitochondria mostly do?By using the energy created during the breakdown of the food we eat, oxidative phosphorylation—the traditional function of mitochondria—generates ATP. The majority of biochemical and physiological functions, including growth, mobility, and equilibrium, all require ATP as their main energy source.learn more about mitochondria here
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To reduce pain and swelling, john had been taking an anti-prostaglandin medication. Which enzyme is involved in the formation of prostaglandins associated with pain and swelling?.
Cyclooxygenase- 2 is the enzyme that is involved in the formation of prostaglandins associated with pain and swelling.
Cyclooxygenase-2 is activated and creates more prostaglandins when the body is damaged (or when there is inflammation in any part of the body). These extra prostaglandins aid in the body's response to the injury.
A subclass of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications is COX-2 inhibitors (NSAIDs). Prostaglandins, which are molecules that stimulate inflammation, pain, and fever, are inhibited by NSAIDs.
An enzyme that accelerates the formation of substances that cause inflammation and pain. It can also cause the growth of tumor cells. Some tumors have high levels of cyclooxygenase-2, and blocking its activity can reduce tumor growth.
Substance that uses an enzyme to change arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are produced and are linked to edema and inflammation.
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If an individual has 10 gene pairs, how many different gametes can be formed if three of the gene pairs are homozygous and the remaining seven gene pairs are heterozygous?.
128 different gametes can be formed if three of the gene pairs are homozygous and the remaining seven gene pairs are heterozygous.
According to Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment, the process through which one gene pair on one homologous chromosome pair separates and assorts during meiosis does not impact how another gene pair on a different homologous chromosome pair separates and assorts. Consequently, among the gametes that a doubly heterozygous individual with the Aa Bb genotype can generate, each of these two allele combinations is equally likely: AB, Ab, aB, and ab. Through self-assortment, sexually reproducing organisms can introduce genetic variety into a population.
The number of different alternative gamete genotypes that a person may generate for independently assorting gene pairs is equivalent to 2n, where n represents the number of gene pairs at which the person is heterozygous. Consequently, if a person has 10 gene pairs but is only heterozygous for 7 of them, the number of alternative gamete genotypes is 27 or 128
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as-120 overcomes resistance to atp-competitive fgfr inhibitors in patients with fgfr2 fusion–positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinom
TAS-120 helps the patients in becoming resistant to BGJ398 and FGFR2 mutations.
Anti-tumor activity has been observed in the patient with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) that activates ATP-competitive fibroblast growth factor receptor gene fusions. This results in resistance and results in the development of mutation of FGFR2 kinase.
It was further reported in 4 patients with FGFR2 that they developed Debio 1347. It was due to the activation of TAS-120 that fight the FGFR2.TAS-120 is the inhibitor of FGFR and it is irreversible. In patients with FGFR2, an increase in the duration of FGFR inhibition, FGFR inhibitors can be sequenced in a planned manner along with the biopsy.
TAS-120 helps the patients in becoming resistant to BGJ398 and FGFR2 mutations.
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F. Thomas Edison developed______in 1891 the first motion picture system
Answer:
I know that he invebted both the kinetograph which is a camera as well as a kinetoscope which is like a picture viewer. I found an extremely interesting article online about this for your reference. https://www.loc.gov/collections/edison-company-motion-pictures-and-sound-recordings/articles-and-essays/history-of-edison-motion-pictures/origins-of-motion-pictures/
Explanation:
please see the link above for further explanation
By studying how a storm is moving,
meteorologists can
A. predict the direction a storm is heading
B. know exactly how much damage a storm will have
C. not tell anything about a storm
A, predict the direction a storm is heading.
Sensory and motor neurons of the nervous system are associated with activities traditionally.
Sensory and motor neurons of the somatic nervous system are associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious or voluntary.
What is the nervous system?
The nervous system is the system of the living body that is associated with controlling and functioning the body functions.
The somatic nervous system contains the afferent nerve fibers that link with the senses of the body to the central nervous system. It voluntarily controls the body.
Thus, the somatic nervous system is associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious or voluntary.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
Sensory and motor neurons of the ________ nervous system are associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious or voluntary.
Equus caballus is a scientific name. Which of the following is the genus?
caballus
scientific
none of these
Equus
Answer:
Equus
Explanation:
The genus in the scientific name "Equus caballus" is "Equus."
A scientific name is also known as a binomial name or Latin name. It is a formal name given to a species in the field of taxonomy. It consists of two parts: the genus name (with a capital letter) and the specific epithet (in lowercase). Together, they form a unique and standardized name for each species.
The scientific naming system is known as binomial nomenclature and was developed by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus. It provides a universal method for scientists to refer to and categorize different species.
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explain groups of plants and their difference
please help
i will sure mark you as brainliest
Answer:cheese balls
Explanation:
Oxygen is taken into the body from the environment, and carbon dioxide is removed from the body and released into the environment. Which body system is responsible for exchanging gases with the environment?.
The respiratory system is in charge of exchanging gases with the environment.
The respiratory system is a collection of tissues and organs that facilitates breathing. It consists of your lungs, airways, and blood vessels. The muscles that move your lungs are also a part of the respiratory system. Together, these elements support the body's ability to remove waste gases like carbon dioxide and circulate oxygen.Along with this, the circulatory system also works to absorb and transport those dissolved gases in blood to the entire body. There are several uses for the respiratory system. It not only facilitates breathing and exhalation but also:allows for speaking and smell.raises the air's temperature to that of your body and increases its humidity to the appropriate level.oxygenates the cells of your body.protects your lungs from harmful chemicals and pollutants.your body releases waste gases, such as carbon dioxide, when you exhale.So, the answer is the respiratory system.
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name two problems in developing a new and better system of classification
Two problems in developing a new and better system of classification are
Reliability, or how consistent diagnoses are, and validity, or if the syndromes in the system are actual, are two problems with categorization.
As more and more novel creatures are found, a new approach must be applied to categorize them. To categorize species based on their shared traits, a new classification system is continually established.
The categorization system offers a wealth of knowledge regarding the traits of creatures. Therefore, using a scientific term as a shorthand to describe a plant or animal might be useful.
Aristotle was the first scientist to categorize organisms. He identified straightforward morphological traits and used them to divide organisms into the categories of plants, shrubs, trees, and herbs. Animals with red blood cells (Enaima) and those without red blood cells (other species) were divided into two categories by him (Anaima).
Modern times have seen the development of classification schemes that are more intricate and distinct. Biological classification systems can be artificial or natural.
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understanding the ecology of blue elderberry to inform landscape restoration in semiarid river corridors. environmental management
Understanding the ecology of blue elderberry to inform landscape restoration in semiarid river corridors environmental management
neighborhood rehabilitation projects are critical for the regeneration of riparian plants due to the fact societal restrictions often save you complete procedure healing in huge river structures. The federally endangered Valley elderberry longhorn beetle and its unmarried host plant, blue elderberry, are the concern of vast mitigation and healing efforts in top riparian floodplain settings. however, the ecology of blue elderberries is poorly known, and tries at recovery often have low achievement rates. We identified the general habitat characteristics of elderberry in changed structures and checked out the variety of related plant species in remnant habitats. We measured elderberry stem diameters along the Sacramento River and 4 different rivers, in addition to the makeup of the plant life groups in 139 final riparian wooded area sections. most of the people of elderberry-containing plots had been observed in riparian forests with a predominance of black walnut and on older, better floodplain surfaces. uncommon occurrences of blue elderberry trees and saplings with stems less than five.zero cm in diameter factor to a dearth of recruitment. The blue elderberry changed into observed to be surrounded through a diverse variety of flora, such as a number of invasive species that would compete with seedlings for light, water, or different assets.The need for horticulture recuperation for the survival of an endangered species is heightened by this lack of recruitment. those results additionally point to the necessity to decide whether motion is needed.To learn more about rehabilitation here:-
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What do the arrows show about the movement of the winds in this pressure center? What else indicates wind direction? I need to get this done asap... I'm not playing no games
Answer:
this is answers
scan and see
Explanation:
hope it was usefull
please help me on this question
The statement that is most likely true about the patient that has a BP of 138/88 is that the patient has a daily diet that mainly consists of greasy food, causing an increase in blood flow.
What is blood pressure (BP)?Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries and veins.
The blood pressure varies during the heartbeat cycle, and according to a person's age, health and physical condition.
According to this question, a patient has a blood pressure of 138/88mm/Hg, which is quite high compared to the normal blood pressure of 120/80mmHg.
This suggests that the patient blood's flow has increased due to certain reasons.
Therefore, statement that is most likely true about the patient that has a BP of 138/88 is that the patient has a daily diet that mainly consists of greasy food, causing an increase in blood flow.
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natalizumab treatment 28 days after infection led to stabilization of neuronal injury, reduced numbers of monocytes/macrophages, and reduced productive infection.
The discussion of natalizumab treatment 28 days after infection led to stabilization of neuronal injury, reduced numbers of monocytes/macrophages, and reduced productive infection is given in below paragraph-
HIV peripheral neuropathy's pathogenesis depends on the flow of activated monocytes into the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In SIV-infected macaques, we have demonstrated that increase of freshly recruited (bromodeoxyuridine+ MAC387+) monocytes is linked to severe DRG pathology and loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers. Here, we used natalizumab, which binds to 4-integrins, to treat mice to prevent leukocyte flow. When natalizumab was administered either early (the day of infection) or late (28 days after infection), SIV-infected CD8-depleted macaques were compared to untreated SIV-infected animals slain at comparable dates.
Histopathology revealed diminished DRG pathology with natalizumab therapy, including diminished neuronophagia, inflammation, and Nageotte nodules. When given natalizumab, DRG tissues had less bromodeoxyuridine+ (early), MAC387+ (late), CD68+ (early and late), and SIVp28+ (late) macrophages. Natalizumab treatment had no impact on the quantity of CD3+ T cells in DRGs. All mice given natalizumab experienced decreased levels of the adhesion molecule vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, which regulates leukocyte flow. These results indicate a role for monocyte traffic and activation in HIV peripheral neuropathy by demonstrating that restricting monocyte traffic to the DRG, but not T lymphocyte traffic, reduces inflammation and disease.
What are macrophages?Macrophages are a specific type of white blood cell that surround and eliminate pathogens, clear away dead cells, and activate other immune system cells.
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Which two atoms form an ionic bond?
Answer:
metals and nonmetals.
Explanation:
Augusto is a farmer who encounters several bones while plowing his field and wants to know if the bones are human. Which type of anthropologist should he call?.
To determine whether the bones he encountered while plowing his farm are for humans, Augusto should call a physical or biological anthropologist.
What is anthropology?Anthropology is the holistic scientific and social study of humanity, mainly using ethnography as its method.
According to this question, Augusto is a farmer who encounters several bones while plowing his field and wants to know if the bones are human.
A physical or biological anthropologist would be the best to call to know if the bone is human's because they deal with the study of human beings from biological (bone) and behavioural perspectives.
Therefore, to determine whether the bones he encountered while plowing his farm are for humans, Augusto should call a physical or biological anthropologist.
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Which of the following statements is true for sexual reproduction?
Choose 2 answers:
a)Single organism makes an exact copy of itself
b)Occurs in prokaryotes
c)Sperm fertilizes egg
d)Provides genetic variation, but time-consuming
Answer:
answer would be the options C and D.
The true statements about sexual reproduction are: (c) Sperm fertilizes egg; (d) Provides genetic variation, but time-consuming.
In sexual reproduction, two specialized reproductive cells known as gametes from different individuals, typically male and female, unite to form a zygote. In many organisms, sperm from the male fertilizes the egg from the female, resulting in the development of a new organism.
Sexual reproduction leads to genetic variation because it involves the recombination of genetic material from two parents, creating offspring with a unique combination of traits. This genetic diversity is beneficial for the survival and adaptation of species to changing environments.
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How many moles of iron will be made from 13.54 moles of carbon?
81.51×10^23 molecules
are present in 13.54 moles of carbon.
1 mole of carbon = 6.02×10^23 molecules
13.54 moles of carbon = 13.54×6.02×10^23 =
81.51×10^23 molecules.
Divide the quantity of particles by
Avogadro's number.
To reduce a mole to a particle (such as an atom or a molecule): Multiply the quantity of moles by Avogadro's number.
One typical sort of skin development is the
mole (nevi).
They frequently take the form of tiny, dark brown spots and are brought on by clumps of pigment-forming cells (melanocytes). The majority of people have between 10 and 40 moles, which usually form during childhood and adolescence and may change or disappear over time.
A molecule
is the smallest unit of a substance that keeps its content and properties. It is made up of two or more atoms that are joined together by
chemical bonds.
Therefore,
81.51×10^23 molecules
are present in 13.54 moles of carbon
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The correct question is:
How many molecules of carbon will be made from 13.54 moles of carbon?
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Ruminants are mammals that have a specialized stomach
adapted for digesting plant material. Use the Internet and
other sources to find information to help you answer the
following questions:
(a) Give three examples of ruminant animals.
(b) Name the four compartments of the stomach of ruminants. Briefly explain the function of each.
(c) How is the specialized stomach of the ruminant adapted to digesting plant material?
(d) What does the word ruminate mean in everyday language?
a. The examples of ruminants include cattle, sheep, and goats.
b. It should be noted that ruminant stomachs have four compartments absthay are the rumen, the reticulum, the omasum and the abomasum
c. Animals that eat plants, such as ruminants, have specialized four-chambered stomachs with a distinctive microbial flora for breaking down stiff cellulose. The enzyme needed to break down cellulose, cellulase, is not produced by the majority of vertebrates; instead, microorganisms in the rumen do it.
d. Ruminate means to go over in the mind repeatedly.
What are ruminants?Ruminants are herbivores who digest their meal several times. They repeatedly chew and re-digest grass or other vegetation in different parts of their stomachs.
It should be noted that the compartment areas serve as storage for chewed grain and plant matter, absorb vitamins and nutrients, denature proteins, help with the start of digestion, and break down materials into bits that can be processed.
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. jermakowicz wj, ivan me, cajigas i, ribot r, jusue-torres i, desai mb, et al. visual deficit from laser interstitial thermal therapy for temporal lobe epilepsy: anatomical considerations. oper neurosurg (hagerstown). 2017;13(5):627-633.
The most frequent side effect of LITT for mesiotemporal epilepsy is visual impairments, and individuals who are most at risk may have low levels of cerebrospinal fluid in the choroidal fissure, which allows heat to transfer from the hippocampus body to the lateral geniculate nucleus.
What is laser interstitial thermal therapy ?A newly developed method for treating primary and metastatic brain cancers that are difficult to access with traditional surgery is laser interstitial thermal treatment (LITT). In order to perform LITT, a laser catheter must be inserted into the tumour and heated to temperatures high enough to destroy the tumour.
Patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, which entails seizures that don't respond to medicine, can undergo laser interstitial thermal treatment (LiTT), a minimally invasive procedure. Some persons with focal seizures, which are seizures coming from one specific area, may benefit from LiTT.Learn more about Laser interstitial thermal therapy here:
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a bacterial is the nontranscribed region of the dna to which rna polymerase binds in order to initiate transcription.
A bacterial promotor is the nontranscribed region of the dna to which rna polymerase binds in order to initiate transcription.
What is Transcription ?A DNA fragment is copied into RNA during transcription. Messenger RNA is the term for DNA segments that are translated into RNA molecules that can encode proteins. Non-coding RNAs are RNA molecules that contain copies of other DNA sequences.
Initiation, elongation, and termination are the three steps of transcription that are depicted here. Initiation, elongation, and termination are the three stages of transcription.A multisubunit enzyme termed RNA polymerase, which requires double-stranded DNA as a substrate and the ribonucleotides ATP, UTP, CTP, and GTP as cofactors, catalyses the transcription process.Learn more about Transcription here:
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Two parents are concerned that their new baby, who has blonde hair, may have been switched in the hospital. The mother is homozygous for her brown hair, and the father is heterozygous with brown hair as well. Some members of the family have blonde hair. Is this possible? Did the hospital make a mistake? Justify your answer. Be very detailed in your explanation in order to receive full credit. Be sure to include the genotypes the parents would need to have.
Answer:
Yes, this is possible because the baby could have inheritted it fromthe parents family
Explanation:
Although the genes passed down from a child's parents determine hair color, variations can result in a child having a different hair color than both parents. The genetics of hair color is the result of many genes working together to control the amount and type of melanin
goldstein sa. the mechanical properties of trabecular bone: dependence on anatomic location and function. journal of biomechanics
A complicated substance with significant heterogeneity is trabecular bone. Depending on the anatomical region and with age, its elastic and strength qualities change significantly also sickness.
The relevance of architecture and tissue material qualities is still unclear, despite the fact that these characteristics are highly dependent on density. Interesting facts about the strains the point at which the bone fails is essentially independent of density. Currently being done, there are more sophisticated structure-function relationships that underlie such behavior mechanical characteristics such time-dependent failure, damage, and multiaxial loading accumulation.
The microstructural class of finite element models, especially the "high-resolution" models, offers a special method for investigating such phenomena. With continuing research in this area, it is anticipated that significant understanding will be gained into issues including osteoporosis, bone fracture, bone remodeling, and the design/analysis of bone-implant systems. This article examines the current status of trabecular bone biomechanics, concentrating on the mechanical elements, and makes an effort to pinpoint crucial areas for present and future study.
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consider the following list: human being / julius caesar / world leader. which item on the list is functioning as the list’s genus?
The classification of the organism gave the taxonomical hierarchy that allowed the identification and classification. A human being is an item that functions as a genus.
What is a genus?Genus has been the taxonomical category functioning as a classification to denote the community of the particular ecosystem species. It comes under the family rank in a variety of orders.
Human beings are scientifically called Homo sapiens, where Homo is the genus and sapiens is the species. It refers to the group of communities that shares the most common characteristics.
Therefore, human beings can be listed as a genus.
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In the Population Lab, what part of the world had the highest population?
*
Africa
Asia
Europe
Latin America
Northern America
The part of the world that has the highest population is B. Asia
What is population?The term "population" usually refers to the total number of people living in a certain area, such as a city or town, region, nation, continent, or the entire world. The population should be in harmony with available means and resources because it is one of the key aspects in maintaining a healthy ecosystem.
It should be noted that Asia has the highest population. China is the country that has the highest population. Also, India too has a great population.
Therefore, the part of the world that has the highest population is Asia.
In conclusion, the correct option is B.
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why does heart rate increase during exercise? a) to move sweat to the skin b) to increase the signals to the muscles that cause muscle contraction c) because the blood pressure increases, which causes the heart rate to increase d) because the "adrenaline rush" signals for the heart to beat faster e) to increase oxygen (o2) delivery to muscles
"The heart rate increases during the exercise because the "adrenaline rush" signals for the heart to beat faster and to increase the oxygen delivery to muscles."
The heart normally beats more quickly during physical activity so that more blood can reach the body. By pumping more vigorously or by increasing the volume of blood that fills the left ventricle before it pumps, the heart increases the stroke volume. The amount of oxygen the muscles need to make energy increases during exercise. The heart needs to pump more oxygen-rich blood through the arteries during the exercise to meet the energy requirement.
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which term best describes the part of a control system that receives information about a homeostatically regulated variable and initiates an appropriate response?
Integrating center is the term that best describes the part of a control system that receives information about a homeostatically regulated variable and initiates an appropriate response.
Integrating center acts a s reflex for homeostasis. It monitors the signals from the stimulus, and activates pathways to maintain the homeostasis of the body. It sends signals to the tissues, cells, of the target site to perform the task.
Homeostasis is the phenomenon of constant conditions inside the body of an organism. The organism's body remains under a stable temperature unaffected by the outer conditions. This property is exhibited by humans, dogs, birds, etc.
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