As cells reach the limit of their surface area to volume ratio, they must employ certain strategies in order to survive and continue to grow.
The primary strategy that cells use to survive and continue to grow when they reach the limit of their surface area to volume ratio is to divide. Cell division is the process of one cell splitting into two identical daughter cells. This process is essential for cellular growth, as it allows the cell to divide its surface area and volume, thus lowering its surface area to volume ratio. This allows the daughter cells to exchange material with their environment more efficiently than the original cell did.
Another way that cells can increase their surface area to volume ratio is by forming protrusions from their surface. These protrusions, also known as microvilli, are small folds of the cell membrane that increase the cell’s total surface area. This allows the cell to exchange material with its environment more efficiently, and thus allow it to continue to grow.
Cells can also increase their surface area to volume ratio by forming internal structures known as vacuoles. Vacuoles are small, membrane-bound structures that are filled with various substances, including water and enzymes. These substances can help the cell exchange materials with its environment more efficiently, thus allowing it to continue to grow.
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Unikonta is a supergroup that includes all of the following except _____.
A) fungi
B) protists
C) animals
D) plants
Numerous protists are included in the supergroup unikonta together with mammals and fungi. Amoebas make up a large portion of Unikont protists.
Which of the following categories of eukaryotes is not one of the four?Organisms called eukaryotes have nuclei and cell organelles that are both membrane-bound. Eukaryotes make up every kingdom except from Kingdom Monera.
What are the four protist supergroups?The largest eukaryotic subcategories, known as eukaryotic supergroups, have been identified. The eukaryotes can be split into four groups since there are currently four of them. The archaeplastida, SAR, excavata, and unikonts, also known as Amorphea, are described here.
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please help please please :(
Answer:
a natural disaster that eliminates a small number of organisms
I'm pretty sure this is the answer-
To us, the positions of the continents never seem to change, but scien-
tists believe that they are always moving.
What explains why most humans have not seen a change in the continent's
positions?
Due to the slower velocity of continental drift, most humans have not seen a change in the continent's positions.
What is continental drift?Continental drift is the movement of continents towards and away from each other. These are large-scale, horizontal movements that span thousands of years.
The movement of the earth's crust, known as plate tectonics is the driving force behind continental movement. Earthquakes are byproducts of tectonics.
The average velocity with which the plates move ranges from 1-5 cm/year. Due to this reason, it takes thousands of years for visual confirmation of continental movement.
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Which of the following would decrease with the manufacture, application, and use of synthetic fertilizers rather than organic fertilizers?
answer choices
Recycling of organic matter
Groundwater pollution
Cultural eutrophication
Use of fossil fuels
Recycling of organic matter would decrease with the manufacture, application, and use of synthetic fertilizers rather than organic fertilizers.
A fertilizer is any chemical, whether natural or manufactured, that is added to soil or plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. Fertilizers can be differentiated from liming agents and other non-nutrient soil additives. Fertilizer can be found in a wide variety of natural and artificial sources. Fertilization for the majority of modern agricultural practices focuses on the three main macronutrients of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium, with the occasional introduction of supplements like rock flour for micronutrients (K). These fertilizers can be applied by farmers using a variety of techniques, including as manual or heavy machinery, dry, pelletized, or liquid application processes.
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What is another way to say “micro livestock farming”?
( no links pls)
Hannah is boiling water in a glass tea kettle. She notices bubbles forming on the bottom of the kettle that rise to the top and wonders what is in the bubbles.
She asks her family what they think and this is what they say:
• Dad: They are bubbles of heat
• Calvin: The bubbles are filled with air
• Grandma: The bubbles are an invisible form of water
• Mom: They are empty
• Lucy: The bubbles contain Oxygen and Hydrogen that separated from the water
Which person do you most agree with and why?
Answer in full and complete sentences.
Answer: Lucy
Explanation:
I’m a physical science major
The bubbles are an invisible form of water called water vapour. So the person to agree with is Grandma.
What is boiling of water?The boiling of a liquid is defined as the increase in the vapour pressure of a liquid to a value higher than or equal to the value of the atmospheric pressure.
The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid exceeds or becomes equal to the value of atmospheric pressure is called the boiling point of a liquid.
The boiling point of water at a pressure of 2 atm is equal to hundred degrees Celsius. Thus, the boiling of a liquid is a function of temperature, vapour pressure and atmospheric pressure.
When the process of boiling begins, the energetic molecules start to get converted to gas. This results in them spreading out and leads to the formation of bubbles. Thus, when water is boiling, the water starts to get converted to vapour.
Therefore, the bubbles in the water during boiling are an invisible form of water called water vapour.
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3. What is a function that epithelial cells?
A.Contract to shorten the cells
B. Protect surfaces
C. Defend the body against pathogens
D. Store energy the body needs
Answer: B (Protect surfaces)
Explanation:
Epithelial tissues are widespread throughout the body. They form the covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands. They perform a variety of functions that include protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, filtration, diffusion, and sensory reception.
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How can the photoelectric effect be explained based on the wave theory of light?
A.
When light waves hit a metal, the trough of a wave can kick out an electron.
B.
Light waves can pile up to exert pressure on an electron, eventually ejecting it.
C.
Through superposition, many light waves can impact an electron from different angles.
D.
The photoelectric effect cannot be explained by the wave theory of light.
Gastric emptying is Question 3 options: affected greatly by the volume of fluid ingested. generally enhanced by fluids with a higher osmolality. adversely affected by fluids with less than an 8 percent concentration of carbohydrates.
Gastric emptying is affected greatly by the volume of fluid ingested. The correct option is Option A.
Gastric emptying is a test that helps to measure the time it takes the food to empty the stomach and small intestine. This test is often done to find out the reason for vomiting, having stomach pain or not gaining weight.Normally it takes 1.5 -2 hours for the food to move out of the stomach and into the small intestine.
But when the stomach takes longer than normal to empty it is called gastroparesis.
But a condition in which food , especially food with high sugar content , moves from the stomach into the small intestine too quickly after you eat, then this condition is called Dumping syndrome. It occurs mainly as a result of surgery on our stomach or esophagus.
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Despite differences in onset, involvement, and symptomatology, all of the spondyloarthropathies involve:
A)
sacroiliitis.
B)
calcinosis.
C)
excessive bone turnover.
D)
autoimmune etiology.
Despite differences in onset, involvement, and symptomatology, all of the spondyloarthropathies involve Sacroiliitis.
Spondyloarthritis is a form of arthritis that affects the joints of the spine and, in some cases, the arms and legs as well. Additionally, the skin, intestines, and eyes may be affected. Most patients' primary symptom, or what they experience, is low back discomfort. Axial spondyloarthritis is where this happens the most frequently.
One or both of your sacroiliac joints may become inflamed, which is known as sacroiliitis. Where the sacrum (the triangular final segment of the spine) meets the ilium is where these two joints are situated (a part of the pelvis).
Lower back pain, as well as pain in the thighs or buttocks, are frequently brought on by sacroiliitis. Since many different illnesses can cause pain in the same places, diagnosing them can be challenging.
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Muddy shores tend to have lower biodiversity than rocky shores. Explain why habitats with low biodiversity tend to contain wide ecological niches
Habitats with low biodiversity tend to contain wide ecological niches because they are characterized by limited resources and a lack of species diversity.
When resources are limited, the competition for those resources is high, meaning that the few species that do exist must compete for the same resources. This competition can result in the emergence of an ecological niche, where a single species can monopolize a resource due to its unique adaptations that allow it to successfully exploit the available resources.
Muddy shores, which are made up of sedimentary deposits, are often characterized by limited resources and a lack of species diversity. These shallow habitats tend to be low in oxygen, making it difficult for many species to survive. Additionally, the sedimentary deposits can be unstable, making it difficult for species to establish themselves in the habitat. As a result, muddy shores tend to have fewer species present, resulting in a wide ecological niche.
Wide ecological niches can also be caused by the presence of physical barriers or abiotic factors such as temperature and salinity. For example, muddy shores tend to have higher temperatures than rocky shores due to their shallow depths. This higher temperature can limit the types of species that can survive in the habitat, resulting in fewer species and a wide ecological niche. Additionally, the muddy sediment can have a high level of salinity, which can also limit the types of species that can survive.
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HELP!!!!! WILL GIVE BRAINILEST!!!!! Consider the following experiment. A plant is set in one corner of a box. A top is put on the box so that the hole in the top is opposite to the plant.
Over the next week, the plant in the box should:
A. grow downward
B. grow away from the hole
C. bend and grow towards the hole
D. die for lack of air
Answer:
C. bend and grow towards the hole
Explanation:
Plants grow toward the light as a way of generating more energy through photosynthesis. So how do the plants grow toward the light? Plants contain a hormone called auxin, which causes plant cells to grow longer. Plant cells on the shady side of a plant contains more auxin hormones, making the plant bend toward the light as the cells in the shade el
HELP!!!! WILL GIVE BRAINILEST!!!
A student like yourself planned and set up the next experiment. Look at it carefully.
In two weeks, the root should:
Grow straight downward dramatically
Wither and dry up
Bend and grow toward the wet soil at the right side of the container
Answer:
The plant will grow towards the wet sponge
Explanation:
The plant is in constant need of it's tools for survival: being sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, and other necessities. If the soil is extremely dry, then it will adapt to the pot/container, and grow towards the water source. This process also works with sunlight.
Summarize the function of water during chemiosmosis
Chemiosmosis is the passage of ions down their electrochemical gradient over a structure bound to a semipermeable membrane.
Protons, also known as hydrogen ions, will diffuse from an area with a high proton concentration to a site with a low proton concentration. Using an electrochemical gradient of protons across a membrane, ATP can be produced.
The oxidation of water, which is "divided" into protons and oxygen by the oxygen-evolving complex, replaces the electrons lost from Photosystem II (OEC, also known as WOC, or the water-oxidizing complex). Ten photons must be absorbed by Photosystems I and II, four electrons must pass through the two photosystems, and two NADPH must be produced in order to create one molecule of diatomic oxygen (later used for carbon dioxide fixation in the Calvin Cycle).
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Which of the following statements best predicts the effect of increased cottonwood growth on the food web?
(A) Increased cottonwood growth will lead to an increase in the number of primary consumers, resulting in more competition between kestrels and sparrows for food.
(B) Increased cottonwood growth will decrease the habitat available for lizards, resulting in a decline in the number of kestrels.
(C) Increased cottonwood growth will provide more resources for cicadas, resulting in an increase in the kestrel population.
(D) Increased cottonwood growth will lead to a large accumulation of dead wood that serves as fuel for wildfires, resulting in the collapse of the food web.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Increased cottonwood growth will lead to an increase in the number of primary consumers, resulting in more competition between kestrels and sparrows for food, is the best statement that predicts the effect of increased cottonwood growth on the food web.
What do you mean by Foodweb?The Foodweb may be defined as the number of food chains that are linked to one another in the same ecosystem.
Cottonwood is a variety of poplars that possess seeds with cottony hairs. They are medium in height and have a broad canopy.
This broad canopy favors the primary consumer to feed on it, as well as kestrels and sparrows. Due to the lack of space in between the leaves and stem, they suffer competition for both food and shelter.
Therefore, the statement that predicts the effect of increased cottonwood growth on the food web is, increased cottonwood growth will lead to an increase in the number of primary consumers, resulting in more competition between kestrels and sparrows for food.
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please help as soon as possible
Explanation:
Adenine pair with thymine, and cytosine pair with guanine. That's all I know
Zebras are herbivores and love to eat the tough grass of the serengeti. Lions hunt
zerbas and other herbivores.
A. Commensalism
B. Competition
C. Mutualism
D. Parasitism
E. Predation
Answer:
E. Predation
Can I please get this to be a brainliest answer :)
Plzzz!!!!
Answer:
Predation
Explanation:
Help me get the brainliest answer pls ^^
Paleontologists are still debating about whether modern behavior, language, and art appeared more recently in Europe, about 50,000 years ago or further back, based on findings such as the tools and artifacts found at the Blombos cave. What do you think
Paleontologists have been debating the origins of modern behavior, language, and art for decades. This debate has recently been reignited by the discovery of tools and artifacts at the Blombos Cave in South Africa.
The artifacts found at Blombos suggest that modern behavior, language, and art appeared in Europe approximately 50,000 years ago. However, some paleontologists argue that these behaviors are likely to have appeared much earlier.
I believe that modern behavior, language, and art were likely present in Europe long before 50,000 years ago. Looking at the archaeological record, it is clear that behavior, language, and art have been evolving since the time of our early ancestor Homo erectus. Furthermore, the tools and artifacts found at Blombos are similar to those found in other parts of the world, suggesting that these behaviors were not isolated to Europe.
In addition to the archaeological evidence, there is also genetic evidence that suggests modern behavior, language, and art existed in Europe before 50,000 years ago. Genetic studies of modern humans suggest that all modern populations share a common ancestor who lived approximately 150,000 years ago. This suggests that modern behaviors, language, and art were likely present in Europe at least 100,000 years ago.
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The pancreatic fluid accumulates in sac like pouches called pancreatic acini and eventually flow out the ___________________ duct which carries these secretions to the ___________________
The pancreatic fluid is stored in small, sac-like structures known as pancreatic acini. These secretions then travel along the duodenum duct to the pancreatic duct, where they are released.
The pancreatic duct and duodenum are two essential components of the digestive system. The pancreatic duct carries secretions from the pancreas to the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. The secretions of the pancreas, including digestive enzymes and bicarbonate, are produced in the pancreatic acini and then travel through the ducts to the duodenum.
The duodenum acts as a buffer, allowing the secretions to mix and interact with the other digestive enzymes and bile from the liver, before entering the small intestine. The pancreatic duct and duodenum work together to ensure that the body can properly process and absorb nutrients from the foods we consume.
The pancreatic fluid is essential for proper digestion and absorption of nutrients, as it helps to break down complex molecules in the food we eat. Without the pancreatic duct and duodenum, the body would not be able to process and absorb the necessary nutrients.
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Which statement does not accurately describe what occurs during the process of meiosis?
A) Meiosis produces four identical gametes, either egg or sperm.
B) Genetic variation among sexually reproducing organisms is enhanced by meiosis.
C) Meiosis produces gametes with the haploid chromosome number.
D) All stages of meiosis follow DNA replication
Answer:
D cause not all stages of meiosis follow DNA replication.
What is natural gas and how does natural gas work?
Answer:
A molecule of natural gas is made up of carbon and hydrogen. When the hydrogen is segregated from the carbon and filled into a fuel cell, it fuses with oxygen to produce water, electricity, and heat. The carbon is released as carbon dioxide in smaller quantities than from gas turbines
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP!! WILL GIVE BRAIN SHOW WORK
Answer:
3
Explanation:
Both parents are Pp, using a punnet square will shop that the top left would be PP, the top right is Pp, the bottom left is Pp and the bottom right would be pp.
Doubling the chromosomes of a sterile species hybrid with colchicine or cold shock is a method used to produce a fertile species hybrid called a ________.
Doubling the chromosomes of a sterile species hybrid with colchicine or cold shock is a method used to produce a fertile species hybrid called a amphidiploid .
Another type of aneuploidy is monosomy, or the loss of one chromosome in cells. "Mono-" is Greek for "one," therefore patients with monosomy have one copy of a certain chromosome in their cells rather than the customary two copies.
Turner syndrome (also known as monosomy X) is a monosomy-related disorder.
The embryo's tissues will contain higher-than-normal quantities of the Gene P protein product.
Triploidy is the presence of an extra pair of chromosomes in the cell, resulting in a total of 69 chromosomes rather than the standard 46 chromosomes per cell. During fertilization, the additional pair of chromosomes is derived from either the father or the mother.
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The diagram below shows the ways cells can release energy from food depending on if
oxygen is available.
Using the diagram below, respond to the following:
**Reference that Photosynthesis Summary sheet we first saw in lesson #1 to help
you with this!!
1. Which step(s) takes place if oxygen is available?
2. Which step(s) take place if oxygen is not available?
3. Do we make more ATP when the process is aerobic or anaerobic?
4. Which specific step of aerobic cellular respiration makes the most ATP?
Answer using complete sentences.
Glycolysis
Overview of Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 +6026CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP
Oxygen present
Oxygen not present
Krebs cycle
Electron transport chain
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcohol fermentation
1
+10
When oxygen is available, the Krebs cycle will run, and in the absence of oxygen, fermentation will run, and the most ATP will form in the ETC, and the majority of the ATP is derived from aerobic respiration.
What is the role of aerobic respiration?The role of aerobic respiration is to produce most of the ATPs by using oxygen, and then, in the electron transport chain, the maximum amount of ATP is generated, whereas fermentation happens in less oxygenic conditions.
Hence, when oxygen is available, the Krebs cycle will run, and in the absence of oxygen, fermentation will run, and the most ATP will form in the ETC, and the majority of the ATP is derived from aerobic respiration.
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What can the location of a fossil in a rock layer tell scientists about the organism?
a. how long ago the organism lived.
b. that the organism is now extinct.
c. how many offspring the organism had
d. the exact age of the fossil
Answer:
I think that answer is A
Explanation:
how long ago did the organism lived
Please Help Me Out❗️❗️
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Enzymes work to speed up chemical reactions by changing what goes into the reactions into different molecules. To do so, these enzymes bind with the substrates, making the physical form very important. The lock and key method explains that enzymes and their corresponding substrates are shaped very specifically to be able to fit into one another to undergo this change. Hope this helps
so i kinda need help with this problem, can someone help?
This is what I think maybe this can help you
differentiate between primary pulmonary cancers and secondary lung cancers?
Primary lung cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the lungs. Secondary lung cancer is cancer that spreads from another part of the body to the lungs. Primary lung cancer is the topic of this page. Primary lung cancer comes in two main types.
These are categorized according to the kind of cells in which the cancer first appears. These are: Non-small-cell lung cancer is the most prevalent type, affecting between [tex]80[/tex] and [tex]85[/tex] of every [tex]100[/tex] cases. There are three possible varieties: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or large-cell carcinoma. Lung cancer with small cells is less common and typically spreads more quickly than non-small-cell lung cancer.
The recommended treatments are determined by the type of lung cancer you have. Older people are more likely to get lung cancer. It rarely happens to people under [tex]40[/tex]. In the UK, over [tex]4[/tex] out of [tex]10[/tex] people diagnosed with lung cancer are over [tex]75[/tex].
Lung cancer can occur in people who have never smoked, but smoking is the leading cause, accounting for more than [tex]70%[/tex][tex]%[/tex] percentage of all cases. This is due to the fact that smoking regularly results in the inhalation of numerous toxic substances.
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PLEASE ANSWER QUICK Have you heard the terms structure and function used before? Using what you already know, identify two structures in your classroom and state their function
Yes, I have heard the terms structure and function used before. The two structures I identified in my classroom were:
Desk - The desk provides a stable, elevated surface for students to use for writing and studying.Chalkboard - The chalkboard provides a surface for teachers to write notes, instructions, and reminders.The Importance of Structures in the ClassroomIn the modern classroom, structures are essential for an effective learning environment. Structures provide the necessary framework for students to work and learn, while also providing teachers the necessary tools to facilitate learning. Without the right structures in place, learning quickly becomes difficult and inefficient.
Desks are some of the most crucial structures in a classroom. A student's desk provides them with a stable, elevated surface to write and study on. Having a desk allows students to spread out their materials and have easy access to them whenever they need them. It also gives them a designated workspace to stay focused and organized.
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Which of the following is not detected by chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies? Multiple Choice a. Oxygen b. Blood pressure c.pH d.Carbon dioxide e.Oxygen and carbon dioxide