The impact that covid-19 has had on the profitability of commercial companies has been negative; this pandemic has caused a significant decrease in profitability due to the various economic imbalances it has caused.
The impact of Covid-19 on the profitability of commercial companies has been significant. Many companies have faced a decrease in profits due to the pandemic, as they have had to shut down operations or reduce their workforce.
Additionally, consumer demand for many products and services has declined, leading to further losses for companies. However, some companies, particularly those in the technology and e-commerce sectors, have seen an increase in profits as more people have turned to online shopping and remote work.
Overall, the impact of Covid-19 on the profitability of commercial companies has varied greatly depending on the industry and individual company circumstances.
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Please help me write an Evaluation in at least 150 words minimum.
To evaluate your decision, play "devil's advocate." Think of some objections or arguments someone could make against your decision. List three potential objections to your decision, and then write a defense against each objection. Each defense should be based upon an ethical theory and/or logic.
For example, if you determined that the most ethical decision is for Jack to report Jill's stealing to the boss, one objection might be, If Jack informs his boss, Jill might retaliate against him. A defense against that objection could be, Jack believes reporting misconduct is his moral duty, and, therefore, overrides any concern of possible retaliation. (Kantian Ethics)
Objection 1 -
For example, If Jack informs his boss, Jill might retaliate against him.
Defense -
For example, Jack believes reporting misconduct is his moral duty, and, therefore, overrides any concern of possible retaliation. (Kantian Ethics)
NOTES:
• Most ethical resolution for Anthony is to report Mario's action to his supervisor or the peloni family.
• This decision is morally justified because it upholds the responsibility of employees to follow company policies and ensure the grocery store maintains its integrity and ethical standards.
• The peloni family implemented the policy against giving free samples for a reason, and disregarding this policy could potentially harm the business by diminishing the value of the products and potentially creating a negative customer experience.
Answer:
Objection 1 -
Anthony may be seen as a snitch or traitor by his co-worker, Mario, and other employees, causing a breakdown in trust and a negative work environment.
Defense -
According to the Virtue Ethics theory, a virtuous person would prioritize honesty and integrity over maintaining social relationships. Anthony's decision to report Mario's actions is not motivated by personal gain or ill-will, but rather by his duty to uphold the ethical standards of the grocery store. By reporting Mario, Anthony is demonstrating the virtue of honesty, which ultimately benefits the overall well-being of the store and its customers.
Objection 2 -
Anthony may be afraid of potential retaliation from Mario or other employees, which could put him in a vulnerable or unsafe position.
Defense -
The Social Contract Theory suggests that individuals in a society agree to follow certain rules and regulations in exchange for protection and security from the state or authority. In this case, Anthony has a responsibility to follow the policies set by the grocery store, and in return, he can expect protection and support from his supervisors or the Peloni family. If Anthony feels unsafe or threatened, he should report this to his superiors, who have a duty to ensure a safe and respectful work environment for all employees.
Objection 3 -
Anthony may feel guilty for potentially causing harm to Mario's employment or reputation by reporting him.
Defense -
The Consequentialist theory argues that an action should be evaluated based on its consequences, and the ethical decision is one that results in the greatest overall good. While Anthony's decision to report Mario may cause harm to his reputation or employment, it ultimately upholds the ethical standards of the grocery store and ensures a fair and just work environment for all employees. Additionally, by reporting Mario's actions, Anthony is preventing potential harm to the business and its customers, which could have more significant consequences in the long run. Therefore, the overall good resulting from Anthony's decision to report Mario outweighs any harm caused to Mario's reputation or employment.
Explanation:
17. Why do WHS statistics need to be reviewed and reported on?18. Discuss how the following are used when developing monitoring reports and making recommendations for change:• agendas for and minutes of meetings• committee members• consultation decisions and follow-up actions• consultation processes• diaries of meetings• WHS information provided to personnel• risk controls• safe work practices24. Identify three reasons there is a need for workplaces to establish and maintain records regarding risk assessments including risk control actions that have been implemented.25. Identify five examples of details that need to be maintained regarding WHS training plans developed by an organisation for their employees.26. List five examples of details that need to be maintained regarding WHS training undertaken by employees of an organisation.
17. It needs to be reviewed and reported on in order to identify trends
18. Agendas for and minutes of meetings provide a record of decisions taken, as well as information.
24. to control risk, provide evidences and to know workplace injuries.
25. purpose, the training method, the instructor and cost of training.
26. Name, course of training record of employee performance.
17. Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) statistics need to be reviewed and reported on in order to identify trends in workplace injuries, to evaluate the effectiveness of risk control measures, and to ensure compliance with legal requirements.
18. Agendas for and minutes of meetings provide a record of decisions taken, as well as information about consultation processes and WHS information that has been provided to personnel. Committee members can provide feedback on how well risk controls and safe work practices are being implemented. Diaries of meetings are used to provide an overview of consultation decisions and any follow-up actions that are needed.
24. There is a need for workplaces to establish and maintain records regarding risk assessments including risk control actions that have been implemented for: 1) monitoring and assessing the effectiveness of risk control measures, 2) to provide evidence of compliance with legal requirements, and 3) to identify trends in workplace injuries.
25. Examples of details that need to be maintained regarding WHS training plans developed by an organisation for their employees include: 1) the purpose of the training, 2) the training method (i.e. classroom, online, etc.), 3) the duration of the training, 4) the instructor or provider of the training, and 5) the cost of the training.
26. Examples of details that need to be maintained regarding WHS training undertaken by employees of an organization include: 1) the employee's name, 2) the date and time of the training, 3) the topic or course of the training, 4) the instructor or provider of the training, and 5) a record of the employee's performance in the training.
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Choose a public company and complete a valuation report for the company’s common stock. Your report should contain the following:
An analysis of the competitive situation of the company
An assessment of the cost of equity or weighted average cost of capital for the company
A valuation of the company based on one or more valuation methods used in the course.
A recommendation to buy, sell or hold the stock in question
To complete a valuation report for the company’s common stock, you should start by researching the company in question and its competitive situation.
This could involve researching the company’s products, competitors, market size, industry trends, etc. Once you have gathered the necessary information, you can assess the cost of equity or weighted average cost of capital for the company.
This involves considering the risks associated with the stock, the rate of return of similar stocks, and other related information.
After determining the cost of equity or weighted average cost of capital, you can use one or more of the valuation methods taught in the course, such as discounted cash flow analysis or price-to-earnings analysis, to value the company.
Once you have calculated the value of the company’s stock, you can make a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold the stock.
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As a property developer, describe and defend any three critical
factors that contribute to the success and sustainability of your
firm.
As a property developer, there are three critical factors that contribute to the success and sustainability of your firm: proper planning, management and implementation of sustainable practices, and communication with stakeholders.
Proper planning is essential for success. This includes an understanding of the current market conditions, local regulations, and potential risks. This can help to inform the decisions that you make to ensure the success of the development.
Management and implementation of sustainable practices can have a large impact on the success and sustainability of your firm. This includes employing sustainable building practices, adhering to energy-efficiency standards, and actively participating in the local community.
Communication with stakeholders is also important. By engaging in conversations with local businesses, government officials, and community members, you can build relationships and garner support for your project.
Overall, the key to success and sustainability for a property development firm is proper planning, management and implementation of sustainable practices, and effective communication with stakeholders.
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Q1: Discuss three of the accounting principles.
Provide an example for each principle
Please i wants different answers the will
Accounting principles are the fundamental rules used to measure, classify, and report financial information. The three accounting principles are: The Going Concern Principle, The Accrual Principle, and The Cost Principle.
1) The Going Concern Principle - this states that a business is expected to continue operating for the foreseeable future. For example, businesses are expected to record assets and liabilities with the assumption that they will be collected or paid off over time rather than immediately.
2) The Accrual Principle - this states that income and expenses should be reported in the period in which they occur rather than when cash is received or paid. For example, a company would recognize the revenue from a sale in the period in which it was sold, not when the customer pays for the product.
3) The Cost Principle - this states that assets should be reported at the amount that was paid for them. For example, if a company purchased equipment for $1,000, it would be reported at that amount, not its estimated fair market value.
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Q5. Give numerical examples for Gross profit and retail Methods of Estimating ending Inventory ?
I want a clear and tidy solution. I don't want to write by hand.
Gross profit method of estimating ending inventory is calculated by subtracting the cost of goods sold from the total sales for the period. For example, if the total sales for a period is $2,500 and the cost of goods sold is $1,500, then the ending inventory for the period would be estimated at $1,000.
Retail method of estimating ending inventory is calculated by taking the cost of the beginning inventory and adding any purchases made during the period. For example, if the beginning inventory cost is $800 and the total purchases are $400, then the estimated ending inventory would be $1,200.
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An international business is a firm that
Part 2
A. hires non-U.S. citizens.
B. produces a wide range of products.
C. is not from the United States.
D. engages in international trade or investment.
Option D: An international business is a firm that engages in international trade or investment.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D. An international business is a company that conducts business across national borders. This can include importing and exporting goods, investing in foreign markets, and operating in multiple countries.
It is not necessarily defined by the nationality of its employees, the range of products it produces, or the country in which it is headquartered. International business refers to the trade of goods, services, technology, capital and/or knowledge across national borders and at a global or transnational scale. It involves cross-border transactions of goods and services between two or more countries.
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Binta Niambi Brown
CEO and co-founder of Fermata Entertainment Ltd. and lawyer
Fifteen years ago, hours before closing a $3 billion asset acquisition, Brown, who
was a senior associate in her late 20s, received some information that could have
damaged the entire deal. At the time, her partner wasn’t reachable and Brown had a choice to make: either tell her client and risk losing the deal, or keep quiet until the papers were signed. She chose to tell the client. "It was early in my career," she says. "Even if the deal had been blown up for good, honest reasons rooted in decent integrity and morality, there’s always the fear that you’re going to become the associate whose deal blew up, and now everybody’s talking about how the senior
the person wasn’t around and you’re being Goody Two-shoes and you ruined the deal."
After disclosing the information she uncovered to her client, Brown was able to help both sides come to a solution, and in the end, a deal was finalized. Her ability to have good judgment, do what she thought was right, and not let fear drive her decisions are lessons Brown has carried with her throughout her career.
Sometimes the things we think could really embarrass us end up becoming our most glorious moments. "Without question, I have repeatedly in my career seen that to be the case—just proceeding from a place of love and integrity and looking to solve the problem and to move the ball forward, as opposed to fear. Because usually when there’s a moral dilemma like this, the main thing that’s getting in the way of the ability to make a good decision is that we’re motivated by our fears," she explains.
Her advice: "It’s the moment where we start giving in to our fears, that’s when people start making really bad decisions that can be very hurtful and harmful to others. People are afraid their piece of the pie is going to be cut up and given to someone else, and so that motivates some of what you see in the business context." The lesson: Sometimes the things we think could really hurt us or embarrass us end up being the things that become our shining, most glorious moments.Identify
- The Ethical Issue the leader faced
- Identify 2 negative outcomes of the Ethical Dilemma Analyse and provide your opinion.As a leader, what would you do differently to solve the dilemma?
The ethical issue that Binta Niambi Brown faced was whether to tell her client about the information she received that could have damaged the entire deal or to keep quiet until the papers were signed.
This was a difficult decision because if she chose to tell the client, she risked losing the deal and potentially damaging her reputation. On the other hand, if she chose to keep quiet, she would be withholding important information from her client and potentially compromising her integrity.
Two negative outcomes of this ethical dilemma could have been that if Brown had chosen to keep quiet, her client could have suffered financial losses or legal consequences as a result of not having all the information. Additionally, if Brown had chosen to tell the client and the deal had fallen through, she could have been blamed for the failure and potentially lost her job or damaged her reputation.
In my opinion, Brown made the right decision by choosing to tell her client about the information she received. While it was a difficult decision, it was the ethical thing to do and ultimately led to a successful deal.
As a leader, I would have done the same thing because it is important to prioritize honesty and integrity, even if it means potentially risking a deal or damaging my reputation. It is better to be honest and potentially face short-term consequences than to compromise my integrity and potentially face long-term consequences.
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Investment X offers to pay you $3,400 per year for nine years, whereas Investment Y offers to pay you $5,200 per year for five years.
a. Which of these cash flow streams has the higher present value if the discount rate is 6%?
b. Which of these cash flow streams has the higher present value if the discount rate is 22%?
Investment X also has the higher present value when the discount rate is 22%.
To determine which investment has the higher present value, we need to use the formula for the present value of an annuity:
[tex]Present Value = Cash Flow * [(1 - (1 + Discount Rate)^{(-Number of Periods)}/Discount Rate][/tex]
a. For Investment X:
[tex]Present Value= $3,400 * [(1 - (1 + 0.06)^{-9}/0.06] = $23,865.23[/tex]
For Investment Y:
[tex]Present Value = $5,200 * [(1 - (1 + 0.06)^{-5}/0.06] = $22,143.84[/tex]
Therefore, Investment X has the higher present value when the discount rate is 6%.
b. For Investment X:
[tex]Present Value = $3,400 * [(1 - (1 + 0.22)^{-9})/0.22] = $16,876.66[/tex]
For Investment Y:
[tex]Present Value = $5,200 * [(1 - (1 + 0.22)^{-5}/0.22] = $15,583.51[/tex]
Therefore, Investment X also has the higher present value when the discount rate is 22%.
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Exercise: Coca cola Company has two support departments, HR and Maintenance, and two production departments A and B. HR Department costs are allocated based on the number of employees. Maintenance Department costs are allocated on the basis of budgeted maintenance-hours. Data on budgeted costs and allocation bases are as follows: Support Departments Production Departments HR Maintenance А B Dep. Dep. Budgeted costs $ 100,000 $ 80,000 $ 24,000 $ 160,000 Number of employees NA 20 80 100 Budgeted maintenance-hours 10 NA 50 40 # of units produced 1000 2000 Required: 1. Using the direct method, what amount of HR Department costs will be allocated to department A and B. 2. Using the step-down method, allocate the costs of support departments to production departments; assume HR will be allocated first. Then compute the cost/unit.
Question: Exercise: Coca cola Company has two support departments, HR and Maintenance, and two production departments A and B. HR Department costs allocated based on the number of employees.
Maintenance Department costs are allocated on the basis of budgeted maintenance-hours. Data on budgeted costs and allocation bases are as follows:
Support Departments Production Departments HR Maintenance А B Dep. Dep. Budgeted costs $ 100,000 $ 80,000 $ 24,000 $ 160,000 Number of employees NA 20 80 100 Budgeted maintenance-hours 10 NA 50 40 # of units produced 1000 2000 Required:
1. Using the direct method, what amount of HR Department costs will be allocated to department A and B.
Answer: Using the direct method, the amount of HR Department costs allocated to department A is $80,000 ($100,000 x 80/100) and the amount of HR Department costs that will be allocated to department B is $20,000 ($100,000 x 20/100).
Question: 2. Using the step-down method, allocate the costs of support departments to production departments; assume HR will be allocated first. Then compute the cost/unit.
Answer: Using the step-down method, the amount of HR Department costs allocated to department A is $64,000 ($100,000 x 80/100) and the amount of HR Department costs that will be allocated to department B is $36,000 ($100,000 x 20/100).
The allocated costs for department A is then $80,400 ($64,000 + $16,000 for Maintenance) and for department B it is $45,600 ($36,000 + $9,600 for Maintenance). The cost per unit for department A is then $80.40 (80,400/1000) and for department B it is $45.60 (45,600/1000).
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describe the IT solution implemented by the suncor
energy
Describe the techniques and systems that were
implemented as part of solving the IT challenges by suncor
energy.
Suncor Energy implemented a variety of IT solutions to address their IT challenges. These included implementing an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, developing mobile applications, deploying cloud-based computing technologies, and strengthening their cyber security.
Additionally, they optimized their processes and invested in technologies to better monitor and manage their operations. They also focused on improving their customer experience through advanced analytics and implementing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies.
Suncor Energy implemented several IT solutions to address their challenges. These include:
1. Cloud computing: Suncor Energy migrated their IT systems to the cloud, which allowed them to reduce costs and improve scalability.
2. Automation: Suncor Energy implemented automation tools to streamline their operations and reduce manual tasks.
3. Big data analytics: Suncor Energy used big data analytics to gain insights into their operations and make data-driven decisions.
4. Cybersecurity: Suncor Energy implemented cybersecurity measures to protect their IT systems and data from cyber threats.
5. Collaboration tools: Suncor Energy implemented collaboration tools to improve communication and collaboration among their employees.
These IT solutions helped Suncor Energy to improve their operations, reduce costs, and make better decisions.
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How many super bowl rings are purchased and by whom?
Answer:
The NFL typically contributes anywhere from $5,000 to $7,000 per ring for up to 150 rings per team,
Explanation:
yea
The NFL typically contributes anywhere from $5,000 to $7,000 per ring for up to 150 rings per team.
The Super Bowl ring is an award awarded to the members of the winning team in the National Football League's(NFL) annual championship game, the Super Bowl. Rings are also presented to the Super Bowl runner-up team.
Rings are also given to members of the AFC or NFC championship teams. The NFL also offers postseason pay to all players who have played at least three games on their team's active or inactive list; the playoff bonus money is distributed equally among starters, backups, and injured players within a team.
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You have access to a savings account with an interest rate of
3.2%. What is the present value of $800 received in one year?
The present value of $800 received in one year when a savings account has an interest rate of 3.2% is $775.19.
The present value of $800 received in one year at an interest rate of 3.2% can be calculated using the formula PV = FV / (1 + r)^t, where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and t is the time period in years.
Plugging in the given values, we get:
PV = 800 / (1 + 0.032)^1
PV = 800 / 1.032
PV = 775.19
Therefore, the present value of $800 received in one year at an interest rate of 3.2% is $775.19.
In order to calculate the present value, we used the formula PV = FV / (1 + r)^t and plugged in the given values for FV, r, and t. We then simplified the equation to find the present value.
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assume we have a cycle-servixe level of 90%, and we deliver 4 items
on a customers order, what is the overall customer service level
for the order?
The overall customer service level for the order is 90%.
This is because the cycle-service level is a measure of the probability that a customer will receive their order within a specified period of time. In this case, the cycle-service level is 90%, which means that there is a 90% chance that the customer will receive their order within the specified period of time.
Since we are delivering 4 items on the customer's order, the overall customer service level for the order is also 90%.
It is important to note that the cycle-service level is only one aspect of customer service, and there are many other factors that can affect the overall customer service level for an order, such as the quality of the products, the speed of delivery, and the level of customer support provided.
However, in this case, the cycle-service level is the only factor that we are considering, so the overall customer service level for the order is 90%.
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An investment will pay $100 at the end of each of the next 3 years, $250 at the end of Year 4, $350 at the end of Year 5, and $600 at the end of Year 6. If other investments of equal risk earn 7% annually, what is its present value? Its future value? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest cent. Present value: $ Future value: $
question 8
You want to buy a car, and a local bank will lend you $40,000. The loan will be fully amortized over 5 years (60 months), and the nominal interest rate will be 4% with interest paid monthly. What will be the monthly loan payment? What will be the loan's EAR? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer for the monthly loan payment to the nearest cent and for EAR to two decimal places.
Monthly loan payment: $
EAR: %
question 9
Find the present values of the following cash flow streams at an 11% discount rate. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest cent.
0 1 2 3 4 5
Stream A $0 $100 $350 $350 $350 $250
Stream B $0 $250 $350 $350 $350 $100
Stream A: $
Stream B: $
What are the PVs of the streams at a 0% discount rate? Round your answers to the nearest dollar.
Stream A: $
Stream B: $
PV of Stream A at 0% discount rate is $1,400 and PV of Stream B at 0% discount rate is $1,400.
Monthly loan payment = (Loan amount x monthly interest rate) / (1 - (1 + monthly interest rate)^(-number of months))
Monthly interest rate = 4% / 12 = 0.00333
Monthly loan payment = [tex]($40,000 x 0.00333) / (1 - (1 + 0.00333)^(-60)) = $736.81[/tex]
EAR = (1 + monthly interest rate)^12 - 1 = (1 + 0.00333)^12 - 1 = 4.07%
PV of Stream A = [tex]$100 / (1 + 0.11)^1 + $350 / (1 + 0.11)^2 + $350 / (1 + 0.11)^3 + $350 / (1 + 0.11)^4 + $250 / (1 + 0.11)^5 = $915.10[/tex]
PV of Stream B =[tex]$250 / (1 + 0.11)^1 + $350 / (1 + 0.11)^2 + $350 / (1 + 0.11)^3 + $350 / (1 + 0.11)^4 + $100 / (1 + 0.11)^5 = $1,014.62[/tex]
PV of Stream A at 0% discount rate = $100 + $350 + $350 + $350 + $250 = $1,400
PV of Stream B at 0% discount rate = $250 + $350 + $350 + $350 + $100 = $1,400
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Can anyone help me with these two questions from my assignment?
1. How will an increase in GDP be sustainable? List two reasons.
2.Give two reasons why economic growth may diminish the quality of life of a nation’s people.
Answer:
1. Growth encourages investment, which supports sustainability. Economic growth boosts consumer demand, spending, and confidence, all essential components of a favourable investment environment—which the energy transition will require.
4. What are the various reasons behind strategic plans not being implemented?
5. Using the four-fifths rule, please calculate the selection rates for the following groups to
determine if an adverse impact has taken place. Also define adverse impact.
Selection rate for Blacks/Hispanic: 30
Selection rate for Whites:60
6. What is the EEOC? What are the three requirements that the EEOC has from companies under
its purview?
Answer:
4. The reasons behind strategic plans not being implemented can vary, but some common ones include lack of commitment or buy-in from key stakeholders, insufficient resources allocated to the plan, inadequate communication or alignment around the plan, and external factors such as changes in the market or competitive landscape.
5. To calculate selection rates using the four-fifths rule, you divide the selection rate of the minority group by the selection rate of the majority group. If the result is less than 0.8, then there may be evidence of adverse impact. Using the given data:
Selection rate for Blacks/Hispanics: 30%
Selection rate for Whites: 60%
30/60 = 0.5, which is less than 0.8. Therefore, there may be evidence of adverse impact against Blacks/Hispanics.
Adverse impact refers to any employment practice or policy that intentionally or unintentionally discriminates against a protected group of individuals, such as minorities or women.
6. The EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) is a federal agency responsible for enforcing laws that prohibit discrimination in the workplace. Companies under its purview are required to adhere to three main requirements:
- They must not discriminate against employees or job applicants based on protected characteristics such as race, gender, religion, disability, or age.
- They must provide reasonable accommodations to employees with disabilities, unless doing so would cause undue hardship.
- They must keep records of their employment practices and make them available for EEOC inspection upon request.
There are several reasons why strategic plans may not be implemented, including limited resources, ineffective communication, lack of accountability, and resistance to change.
Insufficient funds, personnel, or time can impede the implementation process, while unclear communication may result in confusion regarding the plan and its objectives.
A lack of accountability can also contribute to poor execution as individuals may fail to follow through on their responsibilities. Additionally, resistance to change from employees or stakeholders who are not supportive of the plan can hinder its success.
The four-fifths rule is a method utilized to assess whether there is a negative impact in the selection process. It specifies that if the selection rate for a protected group is less than 80% of the selection rate for the group with the highest selection rate, there is evidence of adverse impact.
For example, if the selection rate for Blacks/Hispanics is 30 and the selection rate for Whites is 60, we can calculate the four-fifths rule by dividing the selection rate for Blacks/Hispanics by the selection rate for Whites: 30/60 = 0.5.
Since 0.5 is less than 0.8, there is evidence of adverse impact. Adverse impact refers to a substantially different rate of selection in employment decisions such as hiring, promotion, or other related processes, which disadvantages members of a protected group.
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is a federal agency that enforces laws prohibiting employment discrimination. Companies under its jurisdiction are required to follow three regulations:
1) not discriminate against employees or job applicants based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, or genetic information
2) not retaliate against employees who file a charge of discrimination or participate in an investigation
3) maintain specific records relating to employment decisions, including hiring, promotion, and termination.
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I need help with this one, please.City Bank has estimated that its average daily net transaction accounts balance over the recent 14-day computation period was $231 million. The average daily balance with the Fed over the 14-day maintenance period was $8.5 million, and the average daily balance of vault cash over the two-week computation period was $6 million.EXAMPLE 13-2 Computation of Dany AvenuseRequired ReservesConsider ABC Bank s reserve manager who wants to assess thebanksa. Under the rules effective in 2016, what is the amount of average daily required reserves to be held at the Fed during the reserve maintenance period for these demand deposit balances?b. What is the average daily balance of reserves held by the bank over the maintenance period? By what amount were the average reserves held higher or lower than the required reserves?c. If the bank had transferred $35 million of its deposits every Friday over the two-week computation period to one of its off-shore facilities, what would be the revised average daily reserve requirement?A. Under the rules effective in 2016, what is the amount of average daily required reserves to be held at the Fed during the reserve maintenance period for these demand deposit balances? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 3 decimal places. (e.g., 32.161))Average daily reserve required millionB. What is the average daily balance of reserves held by the bank over the maintenance period? By what amount were the average reserves held higher or lower than the required reserves? (Input the amount as a positive value. Enter your answers in millions rounded to 3 decimal places. (e.g., 32.161))Average daily balance of reserves held million The average reserves were Lower by million.C. If the bank had transferred $35 million of its deposits every Friday over the two-week computation period to one of its off-shore facilities, what would be the revised average daily reserve requirement? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 3 decimal places. (e.g., 32.161))Revised average daily reserve requirements million
Using the reserve requirement ratio of 10%, the average daily required reserves to be held at the Fed during the reserve maintenance period for these demand deposit balances was $23.1 million.
However, the average daily balance of reserves held by the bank over the maintenance period was only $14.5 million, resulting in average reserves that were lower by $8.6 million. If the bank had transferred $35 million of its deposits every Friday over the two-week computation period to one of its off-shore facilities, the revised average daily reserve requirement would be $22.6 million.
A. The average daily required reserves can be calculated using the following formula:
Average daily required reserves = Average daily net transaction accounts balance × Reserve requirement ratio
The reserve requirement ratio for demand deposits (less than $18.5 million) was 10% in 2016. Therefore:
Average daily required reserves = $231 million × 0.1 = $23.1 million
So, the average daily required reserves to be held at the Fed during the reserve maintenance period for these demand deposit balances is $23.1 million.
B. The average daily balance of reserves held by the bank over the maintenance period can be calculated by adding the average daily balance with the Fed and the average daily balance of vault cash:
Average daily balance of reserves held = Average daily balance with the Fed + Average daily balance of vault cash
Average daily balance of reserves held = $8.5 million + $6 million = $14.5 million
The average reserves held were lower by:
$23.1 million - $14.5 million = $8.6 million
Therefore, the average reserves were lower by $8.6 million.
C. If the bank had transferred $35 million of its deposits every Friday over the two-week computation period to one of its off-shore facilities, the revised average daily net transaction accounts balance would be:
Revised average daily net transaction accounts balance = ($231 million × 14 days - $35 million × 2 Fridays) / 14 days
Revised average daily net transaction accounts balance = ($3.234 billion - $70 million) / 14 days
Revised average daily net transaction accounts balance = $3.164 billion / 14 days
Revised average daily net transaction accounts balance = $226 million
Using the same reserve requirement ratio of 10%, the revised average daily required reserves would be:
Revised average daily required reserves = $226 million × 0.1 = $22.6 million
So, the revised average daily reserve requirement would be $22.6 million.
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You are planning to start your new online business in Malaysia (select any business of your choice). Briefly discuss the relative influence of Porter’s FIVE (5) forces model on your business. You are required to discuss each factor in both theoretical and application point of view.
(Total 20 marks)
Porter's Five Forces Model is a useful tool for analyzing the competitive forces that influence a business. These forces include the threat of new entrants, the bargaining power of suppliers, the bargaining power of buyers, the threat of substitute products or services, and the intensity of competitive rivalry.
1. Threat of new entrants: The threat of new entrants in the e-commerce industry is relatively high due to the low barriers to entry. However, my business has a unique selling proposition in that it focuses on handmade crafts from local artisans in Malaysia. This niche market may help to mitigate the threat of new entrants.
2. Bargaining power of suppliers: The bargaining power of suppliers is relatively low in my business, as there are a large number of artisans and crafters in Malaysia who are looking for an online platform to sell their products. This gives my business the ability to negotiate favorable terms with suppliers.
3. Bargaining power of buyers: The bargaining power of buyers is also relatively low in my business, as there are a limited number of online platforms that specialize in handmade crafts from Malaysia. This gives my business the ability to set prices and terms that are favorable to us.
4. Threat of substitute products or services: The threat of substitute products or services is relatively low in my business, as there are few online platforms that specialize in handmade crafts from Malaysia. This gives my business a competitive advantage and helps to mitigate the threat of substitutes.
5. Intensity of competitive rivalry: The intensity of competitive rivalry is relatively high in the e-commerce industry, as there are a large number of online platforms competing for customers. However, my business has a unique selling proposition in that it focuses on handmade crafts from local artisans in Malaysia. This may help to mitigate the intensity of competitive rivalry.
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b. Ali is interested in determining the productivity of his manufacturing company. He would like to know if his company is maintaining the manufacturing average of 3% increase in productivity. He has the following data representing January from last year and an equivalent month this year. Show the productivity percentage change for each item and then determine the improvement for labor-hours, the typical standard for comparison. Item January last Year January this Year ProductivityUnits produced 1000 1000 Labors (hours) 300 275 Resin (pounds) 50 45 Capital invested (USD) 10,000 11,000 Energy (BTU) 3,000 2,850
The productivity percentage change for each item is calculated by subtracting the number of the equivalent month last year from the number of the equivalent month this year and then dividing that result by the number of the equivalent month last year. The improvement for labor-hours is 8.3%.
The productivity percentage change for each item is calculated by subtracting the number of the equivalent month last year from the number of the equivalent month this year and then dividing that result by the number of the equivalent month last year.
For units produced: 1000-1000 / 1000 = 0%.
For labor (hours): 300-275 / 300 = 8.3%.
For resin (pounds): 50-45 / 50 = 10%.
For capital invested (USD): 10,000-11,000 / 10,000 = 10%
For energy (BTU): 3,000-2,850 / 3,000 = 5%.
The improvement for labor-hours is 8.3%.
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Which of these should you consider while communicating in a diverse workplace?
Always try to learn about the history and culture of the people you meet. always pays close attention when others are speaking. Keep your thoughts and body active as you speak. Strive to overcome the linguistic barrier.
What is meant by diverse workplace?
Diversity refers to the range of parallels and distinctions that every employee brings to the workplace, including but not limited to factors such as language, national origin, race, color, disability, ethnicity, gender, age, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, socioeconomic status, veteran status, and family structures.
A staff with a variety of backgrounds is better able to comprehend the needs of your consumers and develop solutions to meet those needs. The presence of diversity in the workplace will help boost employee morale and foster a drive to perform more effectively and efficiently.
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Using fundamental analysis, which of the two RMBS tranches is the riskier option? Ensure you derive and explain all the metrics. Profuse RMBS Nitrex RMBS Proportion of Interest Only Loans 35% 40% Proportion of P&I Loans – – CPR 20% 18.5% SMMR – – WAL 5.5 Years 7.5 Years Overcollateralisation 1.5x 0.5x LvR – – Arrears (90+ days) 0.75% 1.25% Owner-occupied Loans 65% 35% Investment Loans – –
The riskier option between the two RMBS tranches is the Nitrex RMBS.
This can be determined by analyzing the metrics provided and comparing them between the two tranches.
The proportion of interest-only loans is higher in the Nitrex RMBS, which means there is a higher risk of default as borrowers may not be able to afford the principal payments once the interest-only period ends.
The CPR, or conditional prepayment rate, is lower in the Nitrex RMBS, which means there is a lower likelihood of borrowers paying off their loans early and reducing the risk of default.
The WAL, or weighted average life, is longer in the Nitrex RMBS, which means there is a longer period of time for potential defaults to occur.
The overcollateralisation is lower in the Nitrex RMBS, which means there is less protection for investors in the event of defaults.
The proportion of owner-occupied loans is lower in the Nitrex RMBS, which means there is a higher risk of default as investment properties are generally considered riskier than owner-occupied properties.
Finally, the arrears rate is higher in the Nitrex RMBS, which indicates a higher likelihood of defaults.
Overall, the Nitrex RMBS has a higher level of risk based on the metrics provided.
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To illustrate how DV01 changes with maturity, we consider a bond with yield y = 3.5% for different maturities, including perpetuity and different values of coupons:a) zero coupon bondsb) discount bonds with coupon rate c = 0.75%c) par bondsd) premium bonds with coupon rate c = 6.2%DV01 – is the change in the Dollar Value of a security for a 1 basis point change in rates. Example 1: 20 year 5% (semi-annual) coupon bond issued at par. What is its yield? Change y by one b.p (up or down) . and determine the change in the price. Formally DV01 is defined asDV01=− 1 ∂P 10000 ∂ywhere ∂P is the slope of the curve, yield-price, which can be ∂yestimated through usual finite difference:∂P ≈ ∆P ∂y ∆y
DV01 is a measure of how much the price of a bond changes for a 1 basis point change in yield. It is used to estimate the change in the value of a bond portfolio for a given change in interest rates. For the example we can estimate the change in price for a 1 basis point change in yield and calculate the DV01
The DV01 for different types of bonds will vary depending on the maturity, coupon rate, and other factors.
For a zero coupon bond, the DV01 will be smaller for shorter maturities and larger for longer maturities. This is because the price of a zero coupon bond is more sensitive to changes in interest rates for longer maturities.
For a discount bond with a coupon rate of 0.75%, the DV01 will be larger for shorter maturities and smaller for longer maturities. This is because the price of a discount bond is less sensitive to changes in interest rates for longer maturities.
For a par bond, the DV01 will be smaller for shorter maturities and larger for longer maturities. This is because the price of a par bond is more sensitive to changes in interest rates for longer maturities.
For a premium bond with a coupon rate of 6.2%, the DV01 will be larger for shorter maturities and smaller for longer maturities. This is because the price of a premium bond is less sensitive to changes in interest rates for longer maturities.
In the example given, the yield of the 20 year 5% coupon bond issued at par is 5%. To determine the DV01, we can change the yield by one basis point and calculate the change in price. Using the formula DV01 = -(1/10000) * (∆P/∆y), we can estimate the change in price for a 1 basis point change in yield and calculate the DV01.
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There are 5 women and 3 men applicants for a job.Only two out of eight are selected for a job.The probability that at least one of the selected person will be a women is:
D sold capital property in the current year for net proceeds of $900,000. The property has an adjusted cost base of $400,000. B received $100,000 at the time of the sale and a note for the balance to be paid in equal annual instalments over the following eight years. What is the minimum taxable capital gain to be reported in the current year?
The minimum taxable capital gain to be reported in the current year is $100,000.
Capital gains are calculated as the difference between the net proceeds from the sale of the property and the adjusted cost base of the property. In this case, the net proceeds are $900,000 and the adjusted cost base is $400,000. This results in a capital gain of $500,000.
However, B only received $100,000 at the time of the sale, with the balance to be paid in equal annual instalments over the following eight years. According to the Canada Revenue Agency, when a capital property is sold and the proceeds are received in instalments, the taxable capital gain is spread over the number of years the instalments are received.
Therefore, the minimum taxable capital gain to be reported in the current year is the amount received in the current year, which is $100,000. The remaining $400,000 will be reported as taxable capital gains in the following eight years.
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It is vital that services consider culture when serving customers. Do you agree with this statement? Imagine you work for an American chain hotel (4 star) that plans to enter the UAE market. Using Hofstede’s cultural dimensions as a template, outline strategies they might pursue to satisfy the needs of the UAE market.
I agree with the statement that it is vital for services to consider culture when serving customers. This is because cultural differences can impact how customers perceive and interact with a company's products and services. By understanding and catering to these cultural differences, companies can better satisfy the needs of their customers and build strong relationships with them.
When it comes to entering the UAE market, an American chain hotel could use Hofstede's cultural dimensions as a template to develop strategies that satisfy the needs of the UAE market. Here are some possible strategies based on each of the cultural dimensions:
Power Distance: The UAE has a high power distance, meaning that there is a strong emphasis on hierarchy and respect for authority. To satisfy this cultural need, the hotel could offer VIP services and exclusive amenities for high-ranking guests.
Individualism vs. Collectivism: The UAE is a collectivist culture, meaning that there is a strong emphasis on group harmony and loyalty.
Masculinity vs. Femininity: The UAE is a masculine culture, meaning that there is a strong emphasis on achievement and success. To satisfy this cultural need, the hotel could offer rewards and incentives for guests who achieve certain milestones, such as staying a certain number of nights or spending a certain amount of money.
Long-Term Orientation: The UAE has a long-term orientation, meaning that there is a strong emphasis on planning for the future and valuing tradition.
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Q17. If the initial margin requirement at stockbroker C is 30 percent on RM200,000 transaction, what is the maximum amount that a customer can borrow? A. RM120,000 B.RM130,000 C. RM140,000 D. RM150,000 Q18. Economists project the long-run real growth rate for the next five years to be 2.5 percent and the average annual rate of inflation over this five year period to be 3.90 percent. What is the expected nominal rate of return over the next five years? A. 2.750 percent B. 3.900 percent C. 5.575 percent D. 6.498 percent
A17. The maximum amount that a customer can borrow for a RM200,000 transaction with a 30 percent initial margin requirement is RM140,000. Option C is correct.
This is because the initial margin requirement is the amount of money that the customer must provide as a down payment for the transaction. The remaining amount can be borrowed from the stockbroker. To find the maximum amount that can be borrowed, we can use the formula:
The maximum amount borrowed = Total transaction value - Initial margin requirement
= RM200,000 - (30% × RM200,000)
= RM200,000 - RM60,000
= RM140,000
Therefore, the correct answer is C. RM140,000.
A18. The expected nominal rate of return over the next five years will be 6.498%. Option D is correct.
The expected nominal rate of return over the next five years can be calculated using the Fisher equation, which relates the nominal interest rate, the real interest rate, and the inflation rate.
The Fisher equation is:
Nominal interest rate = Real interest rate + Inflation rate
Given that the long-run real growth rate for the next five years is 2.5 percent and the average annual rate of inflation over this five year period is 3.90 percent, we can plug these values into the Fisher equation to find the expected nominal rate of return:
Nominal interest rate = 2.5% + 3.90%
= 6.40%
Therefore, the correct answer is D. 6.498 percent.
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Recent evidence appears to suggest that for US markets, the "Market Model" (Single-Index/CAPM/APT) holds
Question 20 options:
hardly ever
always
overall on a daily cycle, but less clearly on overnight returns
overall on a daily cycle, but less clearly from market opening to market close of the same day
The Market Model is option C, "overall on a daily cycle, but less clearly on overnight returns."
The Market Model, also known as the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) or the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT), is used to determine the expected return on a particular investment based on the risk-free rate of return, the market risk premium, and the investment's beta.
While the model holds overall on a daily cycle, meaning that it can accurately predict the expected return for a given day, it is less clear on overnight returns. This is because overnight returns are subject to different market conditions and factors that may not be accounted for in the Market Model.
Therefore, while the Market Model can be a useful tool for predicting expected returns on a daily basis, it may not be as accurate for overnight returns. It is important for investors to take this into consideration when making investment decisions.
Therefore Market Model is overall on a daily cycle, but less clearly on overnight returns.
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Imagine the market for Good X has a demand function of Qdx = 200 – 2Px – Py +. 1M and a supply function of Qsx = 2Px – 2Pw, where Px is the price of Good X, Py is the price of Good Y, and M is the average consumer income. Pw is the price of Good W, which is an input to the production of Good X.
If Py = 10, Pw = 50, M = $2700, what's the price of X in equilibrium?
At equilibrium, demand equals supply. The equilibrium price of Good X is $20.Therfore the price is $20.
In terms of economics, equilibrium is a situation in which a good or service's supply and demand are balanced, resulting in a stable market price. Market equilibrium happens when the quantity that consumers desire and the quantity that producers supply are equal. Changes in supply or demand can upset the market's equilibrium, which can cause fluctuations in the market's pricing.
At equilibrium, demand equals supply, so
Qdx = Qsx
200 – 2Px – Py + 1M = 2Px – 2Pw
Px = (200 + 2Py – 1M + 2Pw)/4
Px = (200 + 2(10) – 2700 + 2(50))/4
Px = $20.
Therefore, the equilibrium price of Good X is $20.
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You have $32,000 and observe the following exchange rates:
Exchange rate Bid Ask
Value of yen in U.S. dollars $0.0098 $0.0099
Value of Canadian dollar in U.S. dollars $0.72 $0.73
Value of yen in Canadian dollars C$0.0142 C$0.0144
What is your profit from exploiting the opportunity once (in $)?
The profit from exploiting the opportunity once is $19,833.76.
To determine the profit from exploiting the opportunity once, we need to first calculate the value of our $32,000 in each currency using the exchange rates provided.
Then, we need to compare the values and determine the difference, which will be our profit.
Step 1: Calculate the value of $32,000 in yen using the exchange rate for the value of yen in U.S. dollars:
$32,000 x $0.0098 = 313,600 yen
Step 2: Calculate the value of $32,000 in Canadian dollars using the exchange rate for the value of Canadian dollar in U.S. dollars:
$32,000 x $0.72 = $23,040
Step 3: Calculate the value of 313,600 yen in Canadian dollars using the exchange rate for the value of yen in Canadian dollars:
313,600 yen x C$0.0142 = C$4,453.12
Step 4: Convert the value of 313,600 yen in Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars using the exchange rate for the value of Canadian dollar in U.S. dollars:
C$4,453.12 x $0.72 = $3,206.24
Step 5: Determine the difference between the value of $32,000 in Canadian dollars and the value of 313,600 yen in U.S. dollars:
$23,040 - $3,206.24 = $19,833.76
Therefore, the profit from exploiting the opportunity once is $19,833.76.
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