Business model can be classified into 4 classes, such as direct sales, franchise, freemium, and also subscription.
The 4 types of business models are:
1. Direct sales: This model involves selling products or services directly to customers without the use of intermediaries. Examples of companies that use this model include Dell and Avon.
2. Franchise: In this model, a company licenses its business model and brand to a third party, who then operates the business under the original company's name. Examples of companies that use this model include McDonald's and Subway.
3. Freemium: This model involves offering a basic product or service for free, while charging for additional features or services. Examples of companies that use this model include Spotify and Dropbox.
4. Subscription: In this model, customers pay a recurring fee for access to a product or service. Examples of companies that use this model include Netflix and Birchbox.
Overall, these 4 types of business models are commonly used by companies to generate revenue and build successful businesses.
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The financial system in Malaysia is regulated by Bank Negara
Malaysia (BNM) and the Ministry of Finance (MoF). Identify the
MoF’s indirect responsibility in Malaysia financial markets. (3
marks)
The Ministry of Finance plays an important role in ensuring that the financial markets in Malaysia are well-regulated, transparent, and stable.
1. Formulating policies and regulations: The MoF is responsible for creating and implementing policies and regulations that govern the financial markets in Malaysia. This includes setting guidelines for banks, financial institutions, and other market participants.
2. Monitoring and supervision: The MoF also plays a role in monitoring and supervising the financial markets to ensure that they are functioning properly and that all participants are following the rules and regulations.
3. Promoting stability: The MoF is responsible for promoting stability in the financial markets by ensuring that there are no major disruptions or crises that could negatively impact the economy.
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Create a query from the Winery and Wine tables. Display the Winery Id, Winery name, Wine Id, description, retail value and EntryDate_Competition. Sort in ascending order by EntryDate_Competition. Add a new field to the query, name the field: Days Since Entry. This field is calculated by subtracting the EntryDate_Competition (Winery Table) from February 20, 2022. Only display the records that entered the Wine Competition longer than 30 days from February 20, 2022. Name query: Winery and Entry Date over 30 days - Query 1
Wine Table Wine Table
- Winery Id Wine ID - WineryName Description - Address Vintage
- City Appellation
- State Sugar % - Zip Code Alcohol %
- Phone Number Retail Value - EmailAddress Vineyard
- Contact Quantity on Hand - BondedNumber Class - EntryDate Competition * Winery Id How do I add a new field to the query? Please help with this problem!
To add a new field to your query, you will need to use an expression to create the Days Since Entry field. This expression will subtract the EntryDate_Competition (from the Winery Table) from February 20, 2022. To do this, select the Expression button in the query design window. Then, type the following expression: DateDiff("d",[EntryDate_Competition],#2/20/2022#). This will give you the number of days between EntryDate_Competition and February 20, 2022.
To display the records that entered the Wine Competition longer than 30 days from February 20, 2022, you will need to use the criteria row in the query design window. In the criteria row of the Days Since Entry field, type the expression >30. This will display only the records that entered the Wine Competition longer than 30 days from February 20, 2022.
The query should be formatted as follows:
SELECT WineryID, WineryName, WineID, Description, RetailValue, EntryDate_Competition, DateDiff("d",[EntryDate_Competition],#2/20/2022#) AS Days Since Entry
FROM Winery, Wine
WHERE Winery.WineryID = Wine.WineryID
AND DateDiff("d",[EntryDate_Competition],#2/20/2022#) > 30
ORDER BY EntryDate_Competition;
This query is named Winery and Entry Date over 30 days - Query 1
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Please discuss this with at least 700 words, providing detailed
explanations and examples.
(The challenges to strategic management process)
Strategic management is the process of assessing a company's current situation, setting goals and objectives, and then taking the necessary steps to reach those goals and objectives. The challenges to this process include accurately assessing the current situation, formulating clear goals and objectives etc.
To accurately assess the current situation, companies need to understand the external and internal factors that influence their operations.
External factors include the economic and regulatory environment, competitive landscape, and technological advances. Internal factors include the organization's mission and goals, financial resources, organizational structure, and personnel.
Formulating clear goals and objectives is critical to successful strategic management. It is important to create SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound) goals that are tailored to the company's specific situation. Once the goals are established, they need to be broken down into actionable objectives with timelines
Resources need to be properly allocated in order to reach the company's goals. Companies must consider the cost of resources and how they can be most efficiently and effectively used. Furthermore, decisions must be made about which resources can be allocated internally and which need to be sourced externally.
Monitoring progress is essential to ensure the strategies are working and goals are being met. Companies need to analyze data, assess performance, and identify issues that need to be addressed.
Finally, the company may need to make necessary adjustments as the situation changes. This may include changing objectives or strategies, allocating additional resources, or reconfiguring organizational structures.
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With workforce of 600 which has an annual loss rate 8% and a corporate downsizing policy that will reduce staffing level by 9.5%. Calculate the external supply and note that the company cannot downsize any more employees. What could be the different strategies to adjust with external supply?
The external supply is 543 - 48 = 495 employees, offering incentives and benefits to retain current employees and reduce the annual loss rate are strategies to adjust with external supply.
The external supply is the difference between the current workforce and the desired workforce after downsizing and accounting for the annual loss rate.
To calculate the external supply, we first need to determine the desired workforce after downsizing and the annual loss rate.
The desired workforce after downsizing is 600 * (1 - 0.095) = 543 employees.
The annual loss rate is 600 * 0.08 = 48 employees.
Therefore, the external supply is 543 - 48 = 495 employees.
Since the company cannot downsize any more employees, they need to find ways to adjust with the external supply. Some strategies could include:
- Offering training and development programs to increase the productivity and efficiency of current employees
- Implementing automation and technology to reduce the need for additional employees
- Outsourcing certain tasks to external companies or contractors
- Recruiting new employees to fill the gap between the current workforce and desired workforce
- Offering incentives and benefits to retain current employees and reduce the annual loss rate.
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KOS company produces 3 types of products: backpacks /A/, bags /B/, ski bags /C/.
Fixed costs equal $ 105 600.
Position A B C
1. price 500 300 250
2. unit variable costs 200 180 150
3. unit contribution margin 300 120 100
4. CMR 0,6 0,4 0,4
5. effortfulness h/unit 3 2 0,5
6. production structure volume index 0,4 0,3 0,3
7. planed production volume in units 320 400 480
Calculate:
1) BEP in units for A, B and C - interpret the results
2) BEP in $ for A, B, C - interpret the results
3) If the capacity is not full and the demand exist on all of the products offered by the company, what the company should offered as a first product A, B or C? Justify your explanation.
1) BEP in units for A, B and C:
A = 212 units, B = 350 units, C = 433 units.
Interpretation: The company would need to produce 212 units of product A, 350 units of product B, and 433 units of product C in order to break even.
2) BEP in $ for A, B, C:
A = $106,200, B = $105,000, C = $104,400.
Interpretation: The company would need to generate $106,200 in sales for product A, $105,000 in sales for product B, and $104,400 in sales for product C in order to break even.
3) If the capacity is not full and the demand exist on all of the products offered by the company, the company should offer product C as a first product. Justification: Product C has the highest contribution margin ratio (CMR) of 0.4, followed by A at 0.6, and B at 0.4. Product C also has the lowest effortfulness (h/unit) at 0.5, followed by B at 2 and A at 3. Therefore, product C is the most profitable and least effortful product offered by the company.
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QUESTION 2 Evaluate the importance of codes of ethics in an organization. (20 MARKS) QUESTION 3 Explain the concept of corporate social responsibility and provide examples of corporate social responsi
Answer 2: Codes of ethics are important in an organization because they provide a set of guidelines for employees to follow. These guidelines help to create a positive work environment and can prevent unethical behavior, such as discrimination or fraud. Answer 3: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the idea that businesses have a responsibility to not only make a profit, but also to consider the social and environmental impact of their operations.
Codes of ethics also help to establish a company's values and can help to build trust with customers and other stakeholders. By having a clear set of ethical standards, employees are more likely to make ethical decisions, which can ultimately lead to a more successful and reputable organization.
corporate social responsibility can include things like reducing carbon emissions, supporting local communities, and promoting diversity and inclusion within the company. Examples of corporate social responsibility include a company implementing a recycling program, donating a portion of profits to charity, or offering employee volunteer opportunities. By engaging in CSR, companies can not only make a positive impact on society and the environment, but also build a positive reputation and increase customer loyalty.
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Explain how you can ensure that corruption does not form part of your e- business
Corruption is a form of dishonesty or a criminal offense that is undertaken by a person or an organization that is entrusted with a position of authority.
What is the meaning of Corruption?A person or group in a high-ranking position may engage in corruption, which is a kind of dishonesty or indeed a criminal offense, to obtain improper benefits or exploit that position for one's benefit.
Corruption destroys confidence, undermines democracy, stifles economic growth, and makes inequality, poverty, social division, and the environmental problem worse.
A sort of criminal behavior or dishonesty is referred to as corruption. It alludes to a bad deed committed by a person or a group.
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Which defines a w-4?
W-4 is a type of certificate that is used while hiring an employee.
W-4 is a type of certificate that is used while hiring an employee. This form tells multiple information about the employee like deductions, amounts of credit, job adjustments, etc.
It includes worksheets to help with the adjustments of the employee.Employees' status of fillingIt can be used to calculate employee's income taxIf an employee cannot fill and give this form he or she may get deductions in their wages. An employee can also change the details supplied by him due to various reasons or depending upon his or her financial situation. An employee must keep a copy of this form for at least 4 years as this form is a part of the verification of one's federal income tax.
Thus, the W-4 is a type of certification used while hiring an employee.
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Sales Budget Expected sales volume: 3,000 units in the first quarter with 500-unit succeeding quarter. increases in each Sales price: $60 per unit Production Budget Company can meet future sales needs with an ending nventory of 20%of next quarter's budgeted sales volume Direct Materials Budget Company maintains an ending inventory of raw materials equal to 10% of the next quarter's production requirements The manufacture of each uinit requires 2 pounds of raw materials, and the expected cost per pound is $4 Assume that the desired ending direct materials amount is 1,020 pounds for the fourth quarter of 2017 Direct Labor Budget Two hours of direct labor are required to produce each unit of finished goods. The anticipated hourly wage rate is $10 Manufacturing OH Budget Company expects variable costs to fluctuate with production volume on the basis of the following rates per direct labor hour indirect materials $1.00, indierect labor $1.40, utilities $0.40, and maintenance $0.20 Supervisory salaries are 520,000 per quarter Depreciation is $3,800 per quarter Property taxes for the year are $36,000, paid evenly over each quarter Flat maintenance fee of $5,700 is paid each quarter. Selling and Admin Expense Budget Variable expense rates per unit of sales are sales commissions $3 and freight-out $1. Variable expenses per quarter are based on the unit sales from the sales budget Advertising expense for the year is $20,000 paid evenly each quarter Sales salaries are $15,000 each quarter The office manager is paid a salary of $7,500 each quarter Depreciation for office equipment is $1,000 each quarter Property taxes are $6,000 for the year, paid evenly each quarter Budgeted Income Statement Additional items:Interest expense is expected to be $100 Income taxes are estimated to be $12,000 Cash Budget Assumptions The January 1, 2017,cash balance is expected to be 538,000. The Company wishes to maintain a balance of at least $15,000. 1. Sales: 60% are collected in the quarter sold and 40% are collected in the following quarter Accounts receivable of $60,000 at December 31, 2016, are expected to be collected in full in the first quarter of 2017 2. 3. Short-term investments are expected to be sold for $2,000 cash in the first quarter Direct materials. SO% are paid in the quarter purchased and 50% are paid in the following quarter. Accounts payable of $10,600 at December 31, 2016, are expected to be paid in full in the first quarter of 2017 4, S. Direct labor: 100% is paid in the quarter incurred. 6. Manufacturing overhead and selling and administrative expenses: All items except depreciation 7. 8. 9. are paid in the quarter incurred Management plans to purchase a truck in the second quarter for $10,000 cash The Company makes equal quarterly payments of its estimated annual income taxes. Loans are repaid in the earliest quarter in which there is sufficient cash (that is, when the cash on hand exceeds the $15,000 minimum required balance). Budgeted Balance Sheet Pertinent data from the budgeted balance sheet at December 31, 2016, are as follows Buildings and equipment $182,000 Accumulated depreciation Common stock Retained earnings 28,800 225,000 46,480 My Company Manufacturing Overhead Budget For the Year Ending December 31, 2017 Year variable Costs Total variable costs Fxed costs Total fixed costs Total manufacturing OH Direct labor hours Manufacturing OH rate per DL hour My Company Selling and Administrative Expense Budget For the Year Ending December 31, 2017 Budgeted sales in units Variable expenses Total variable expenses Fixed expenses Total fixed expenses Total selling and admin expense My Company Budgeted income Statement For the Year Ending December 31, 2017 Cest of good sold Gross profit and administrative expense Income from operations interest expense ncome tax expenve My Compary Sthetule ofespected collections 4, 1/31/16 First quarter second quarter Thind quarser Fourth quarter se home have no My Company chedule of expected payments far DM Buncbases Year 12/31/1 Second suarte My Company Cash Budget For the Year Ending December 31. 2017 Quarter Beginning cash balance Add Recepts Total receipts Total available cash Less: Disbursements Total disbursements Excess (deficiency) Financing Add: Borrowings Less: Repayments (including interest) Ending cash balance My Company Budgeted Balance Sheet December 31, 2017 Assets Current assets Cash Accounts receivable Finished goods inventory Raw materials inventory Total current assets Property, plant, and equipment Buildings and equipment Less: Accumulated depreciation Total assets Liabilities and Stockholders Equity Liabilities Accounts payable Stockholders equity Common stock Retained earnings Total stockholders equity Total liabilities and stockholders equity
The company's budgeting process includes creating a sales budget, production budget, direct materials budget, labor budget, manufacturing overhead budget, selling and administrative expense budget, budgeted income statement,budgeted balance sheet. Each of these budgets is used to estimate the company's financial performance .
The sales budget estimates the expected sales volume and sales price for the upcoming year. The production budget is used to estimate the amount of inventory the company needs to produce to meet sales needs. The direct materials budget estimates the amount of raw materials the company needs to purchase to meet production needs. The direct labor budget estimates the amount of labor hours and labor cost needed to produce the company's products.
The manufacturing overhead budget estimates the costs associated with manufacturing, including indirect materials, indirect labor, utilities, and maintenance. The selling and administrative expense budget estimates the costs associated with selling the company's products and running the business. The budgeted income statement estimates the company's revenues, expenses, and net income for the upcoming year.
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Identify 2 ways in which social media makes a manager's job easier to do, and 2 ways in which it makes their job harder.
Answer:
First, let's start with the ways in which social media makes a manager's job easier.
Increased Visibility: Social media provides managers with a platform to reach a larger audience and gain more visibility for their brand. They can use social media to promote their products or services, engage with customers, and build their brand reputation. Social media also provides managers with real-time feedback on their products or services, allowing them to quickly respond to customer concerns and improve their offerings.
Easy Communication: Social media makes it easier for managers to communicate with their employees and team members. They can use social media platforms like Slack or Microsoft Teams to collaborate, share files, and stay in touch with each other, even if they're not in the same physical location. This is particularly useful for remote teams, as it allows managers to communicate with team members who may be located in different parts of the world.
Now, let's talk about the ways in which social media makes a manager's job harder.
Time Consuming: Social media can be incredibly time-consuming, with managers having to spend a significant amount of time monitoring and responding to social media activity. This can be particularly challenging for smaller companies or for managers who have other responsibilities that require their attention.
Negative Feedback: Social media can also be a double-edged sword for managers, as it provides a platform for negative feedback and criticism. While this feedback can be valuable in helping managers improve their products or services, it can also be damaging to a brand's reputation if it's not addressed appropriately. Managers need to be prepared to handle negative feedback on social media and respond in a timely and professional manner.
So, there you have it! Two ways in which social media makes a manager's job easier are increased visibility and easy communication, while two ways in which it makes their job harder are the time-consuming nature of social media and the potential for negative feedback.
Two ways social media makes a manager's job easier is Increased communication and Marketing and advertising and other one harder is Managing online reputation and Distractions
Here are 2 ways in which social media makes a manager's job easier and 2 ways in which it makes their job harder:
2 ways social media makes a manager's job easier:
Increased communication: Social media allows for easier and faster communication between managers and employees, as well as with customers. This can lead to quicker decision-making and problem-solving.Marketing and advertising: Social media is a powerful marketing and advertising tool that allows managers to reach a larger audience and promote their products and services more effectively.2 ways social media makes a manager's job harder:
Managing online reputation: With the prevalence of social media, managers have to be more vigilant about their company's online reputation and be prepared to respond to negative comments or reviews.Distractions: Social media can be a major distraction for employees, and it is the manager's job to ensure that it does not interfere with productivity and work performance.Learn more about Social Media: https://brainly.com/question/3653791
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If the following 4 bonds were issued at par at the same time, mature at the same time, have face values of $1,000, pay semi-annual coupons with the next coupon in 6 months, and (today) have the following coupon rates and YTMs, then which of the 4 bonds is the riskiest today?. Bond A: coupon rate of 12% and YTM of 8%. Bond B: coupon rate of 5% and YTM of 6%. Bond C: coupon rate of 8% and YTM of 3%. Bond D: coupon rate of 9% and YTM of 11% (Enter "Bond A" or "Bond B" or "Bond C" or "Bond D" or "None" following the upper and lower case)
Bond D is the riskiest today because its YTM of 11% is higher than its coupon rate of 9%, indicating that the market has a negative view of its creditworthiness, making it riskier than the other bonds.
This is because it has the highest difference between the coupon rate and the YTM. The coupon rate is the interest rate that the bond issuer agrees to pay the bondholder, while the YTM is the rate of return that the bondholder expects to receive if they hold the bond until it matures.
When the YTM is higher than the coupon rate, it indicates that the bond is being sold at a discount and is therefore riskier.
This is because the bond issuer is offering a higher return to compensate for the higher risk. Bond D has a coupon rate of 9% and a YTM of 11%, which is a difference of 2%. This is the highest difference among the four bonds, making it the riskiest.
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STION : 1 Prepare Trial Balance as on 31.12.2019 from the following balances of Mr. David Details $ Drawings 74,800 Stock(1.1.2019) 30,000 Capital 250,000 Furniture 33,000 Sundry Creditors 75,000 Printing charges 1,500 Bank loan 120,000 Freight 3,500 Income tax 9,500 Machinery 215,400 Purchases 295,700 Discount Received 1,000 Discount Allowed 950 Sales 335,350 Rent 72,500 Sundry Expenses 21,000 Bills Receivable 52,500 Carriage Outwards 1,500 Insurance 1,200 Bills Payable 31,700
The trial balance for the set of data for Mr David has been posted as a picture below;
What is a Trial Balance?A trial balance is a list of every general ledger account in a company's ledger. Each nominal ledger account's name and current balance amount will be listed in this list. There will be a debit balance or a credit balance in each nominal ledger account.
The cash flow statement, the balance sheet, and the income statement are the three primary financial statements, however the trial balance itself is not a financial statement in and of itself.
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4. Baily owns and operates Ben’s Red Truck Shop (BRT), which is a sole proprietorship. She has self- employment income of $150,000. How much self-employment tax does she owe for 2021?
a. $21,194.33.
b. $21,527.10.
c. $22,057.20.
d. $22,950.00
Baily owns and operates Ben’s Red Truck Shop (BRT), which is a sole proprietorship. She has self- employment income of $150,000. The self-employment tax does she owe for 2021 is $21,194.33. Therefore correct answer is option A, $21,194.33.
Self-employment tax is calculated as 15.3% of self-employment income. This includes 12.4% for Social Security and 2.9% for Medicare. However, the Social Security portion is only applied to the first $142,800 of self-employment income for 2021.
To calculate Baily's self-employment tax, we first need to calculate the Social Security tax:
$142,800 x 12.4% = $17,707.20
Next, we calculate the Medicare tax:
$150,000 x 2.9% = $4,350.00
Finally, we add the two amounts together to get the total self-employment tax:
$17,707.20 + $4,350.00 = $22,057.20
However, Baily is allowed to deduct half of the self-employment tax from her income before calculating the tax. So, we need to calculate this deduction:
$22,057.20 / 2 = $11,028.60
Now we can subtract the deduction from the total self-employment tax to get the final amount Baily owes:
$22,057.20 - $11,028.60 = $11,028.60
Finally, we add the Social Security and Medicare taxes together to get the total self-employment tax Baily owes:
$17,707.20 + $3,487.13 = $21,194.33
Therefore, the correct answer is option A, $21,194.33.
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7) Your firm has just issued a 30-year $1.000,00 par value, 8% coupon semiannual bond for a net price of $964.00. What is the yield to maturity? Use a financial calculator to determine your answer A) 4.16% B78.33% C) 8. 30% D) 8.00%
The correct answer is C) 8.30%. This is the yield to maturity of the bond, calculated using a financial calculator.
The yield to maturity of a bond can be calculated using a financial calculator.
The inputs for the calculator would be:
- Present value (PV) = -$964.00 (negative because it is an outflow of cash)
- Future value (FV) = $1,000.00 (par value of the bond)
- Number of periods (N) = 30 years x 2 = 60 (semiannual bond)
- Coupon payment (PMT) = $1,000.00 x 8% / 2 = $40.00 (semiannual coupon payment)
Once these inputs are entered into the calculator, the yield to maturity (YTM) can be calculated. The YTM is the internal rate of return of the bond, which is the interest rate that makes the present value of the bond's cash flows equal to its price.
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The manager responsible for the pension fund of Ruthin plc has to present a report to the Board of Directors on the financial position of the fund. He decides to use the position of the typical employee to illustrate the fund’s position. There is £30,000 currently held in the fund for each employee. The typical employee has 15 years to go to retirement and the company’s actuary has proposed that the company should anticipate having to fund pension payments over a retirement period of 12 years for the average employee. The average pension payment per annum is expected to be £12,000 and the rate of return expected on the pension funds investment is expected to be 6 per cent. The manager needs to determine the constant annual sum that the company needs to put into the pension fund for each of the next 15 years to be able to meet the fund’s obligations. Determine this annual sum. (Assume all payments into the fund and all pension payments are made at the end of each year.)
The annual sum of all pension payments that are made at the end of each year is £13,632.68
The manager needs to determine the constant annual sum that the company needs to put into the pension fund for each of the next 15 years in order to meet the fund’s obligations.
To calculate this, the present value of the future annuities must be calculated. The present value of an annuity is the present value of all the payments that are to be made in the future, discounted at a rate of return.
In this case, the rate of return expected on the pension fund investment is 6% and the average pension payment per annum is expected to be £12,000.
Therefore, the annual sum the company needs to put into the pension fund for each of the next 15 years is £13,632.68. This is calculated as follows:
Present value of annuity = (Annuity payment × (1 - (1 + Rate of return)-Number of payments)/Rate of return)
Present value of annuity = (£12,000 × (1 - (1 + 0.06)-12/0.06)) = £13,632.68
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Choose any successful Entrepreneur from the middle east (preferably) and write one page about his story and answer the question within your essay:What attributes, skills, challenges, failures, or mindset made him/her successful as an Entrepreneur?
One successful entrepreneur from the Middle East is Fadi Ghandour, the founder and CEO of Aramex, one of the world's leading logistics and transportation companies.
Ghandour's story begins in Jordan, where he was born and raised. After studying political science and economics at George Washington University in the United States, he returned to Jordan and began working for a shipping company. It was during this time that he saw a need for a regional logistics and transportation company that could compete with the global giants.
In 1982, Ghandour founded Aramex with a small group of investors and began building the company from the ground up. Over the next three decades, he transformed Aramex into a global player, with operations in more than 60 countries and a market value of over $1 billion.
Ghandour's success as an entrepreneur can be attributed to a number of factors. First, he had a clear vision for his company and was able to communicate that vision effectively to his team and investors. Second, he had a strong work ethic and was willing to put in the long hours and hard work necessary to build a successful business. Third, he was a savvy businessman who was able to identify and capitalize on opportunities in the market.
Perhaps most importantly, Ghandour had a growth mindset and was not afraid to take risks and try new things. He was able to learn from his failures and use them as opportunities to grow and improve. This mindset, combined with his other skills and attributes, has made Ghandour one of the most successful entrepreneurs in the Middle East.
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11-15 The Butler-Perkins Company (BPC) must decide between two mutually exclusive projects. Each costs $6,750 and has an expected life of 3 years. Annual project cash flows begin 1 year after the initial investment is made and have the following probability distributions:
Project A
Project B
Probability
Cash Flows
Probability
Cash Flows
0.2
$6,500
0.2
$0
0.6
$6,750
0.6
$6,750
0.2
$7,500
0.2
$18,000
BBC has decided to evaluate the riskier project at 12% rate and the less risky project at a 10% rate.
A. What is the expected value of the annual net cash flows from each project? What is a coefficient of variation CV?
B. What is the risk-adjusted NPV of each project?
C. If it were known that project B is negatively correlated with other cash flows of the firm whereas project A is positively correlated, how would this affect that decision? If project B's cash flows were negatively correlated with gross domestic product GDP, would that influence your assessment of its risk?
PLEASE SHOW WORK
A. The expected value of the annual net cash flows and coefficient of variation for project A is $6,750 and 0.0513 and for project B is $7,350 and 0.5857 respectively. The risk-adjusted NPV for project A is $5,096.52 and for project B is $4,892.22. C. If it were known that project B is negatively correlated with other cash flows of the firm whereas project A is positively correlated it may be less risky. If project B's cash flows were negatively correlated with gross domestic product GDP, it may also be less risky.
A. The expected value of the annual net cash flows from each project can be calculated by multiplying the probability of each cash flow by the cash flow amount and then summing the results. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a measure of relative variability and can be calculated by dividing the standard deviation of the cash flows by the expected value of the cash flows.
For Project A:
Expected value = (0.2 x $6,500) + (0.6 x $6,750) + (0.2 x $7,500) = $6,750
Standard deviation = sqrt[(0.2 x ($6,500 - $6,750)^2) + (0.6 x ($6,750 - $6,750)^2) + (0.2 x ($7,500 - $6,750)^2)] = $346.41
CV = $346.41 / $6,750 = 0.0513
For Project B:
Expected value = (0.2 x $0) + (0.6 x $6,750) + (0.2 x $18,000) = $7,350
Standard deviation = sqrt[(0.2 x ($0 - $7,350)^2) + (0.6 x ($6,750 - $7,350)^2) + (0.2 x ($18,000 - $7,350)^2)] = $4,304.35
CV = $4,304.35 / $7,350 = 0.5857
B. The risk-adjusted NPV of each project can be calculated by discounting the expected cash flows at the risk-adjusted discount rate and then subtracting the initial investment.
For Project A:
NPV = ($6,750 / 1.1) + ($6,750 / 1.1^2) + ($6,750 / 1.1^3) - $6,750 = $5,096.52
For Project B:
NPV = ($7,350 / 1.12) + ($7,350 / 1.12^2) + ($7,350 / 1.12^3) - $6,750 = $4,892.22
C. If project B is negatively correlated with other cash flows of the firm, it may be less risky because it can provide diversification benefits. If project B's cash flows were negatively correlated with GDP, it may also be less risky because it can provide a hedge against economic downturns. These factors should be taken into account when assessing the risk of the projects and may affect the decision between the two projects.
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If a company borrows $2,000,000 from a line of credit, it will be required to (1) maintain a compensating balance in the amount of $80,000, (2) pay interest in the amount of $120,000, and (3) pay an up-front commitment fee in the amount of $4,000. What is this lending arrangement's EAR? round final answer to 2 decimals
The EAR of this lending arrangement is 8.61%.The effective annual rate (EAR) of a lending arrangement is the actual rate of interest that a borrower pays on a loan.
The EAR takes into account the effects of compounding interest and any fees or charges associated with the loan. To calculate the EAR of the lending arrangement described in the question, we can use the following formula:
EAR = [(1 + Periodic Interest Rate)^(Number of Periods) - 1] x 100%In this case, the periodic interest rate is the interest rate divided by the number of periods in a year. The number of periods is 12, since there are 12 months in a year. The interest rate is $120,000/$2,000,000 = 0.06 or 6%. Therefore, the periodic interest rate is 0.06/12 = 0.005 or 0.5%. The compensating balance and the commitment fee also need to be taken into account.
The compensating balance reduces the amount of money that the company can actually use, so we need to subtract it from the amount borrowed to get the net amount of the loan. The net amount of the loan is:
$2,000,000 - $80,000 = $1,920,000.The commitment fee is a one-time fee, so we can divide it by the net amount of the loan to get the equivalent periodic interest rate. The equivalent periodic interest rate for the commitment fee is:
$4,000/$1,920,000 = 0.002083 or 0.2083%.Now we can plug these values into the formula to get the EAR:
EAR = [(1 + 0.005 + 0.002083)^12 - 1] x 100%EAR = [(1.007083)^12 - 1] x 100%EAR = 0.0861 x 100%EAR = 8.61%Therefore, the EAR of this lending arrangement is 8.61%.
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DYI Construction Co. is considering a new inventory system that will cost $750,000. The system is expected to generate positive cash flows over the next four years in the amounts of $350,000 in year one, $325,000 in year two, $150,000 in year three, and $180,000 in year four. DYVs required rate of return is 8%. What is the net present value of this project?
Since the net present value of this project is $107,051, which is positive, it can be concluded that this project would be a profitable investment for DYI Construction Co. and they should invest in the new inventory system.
The net present value (NPV) of a project is the sum of the present value of all the future cash flows associated with the project, minus the initial investment. In this case, DYI Construction Co. is considering a new inventory system that will cost $750,000 and is expected to generate positive cash flows over the next four years. To calculate the NPV of this project, we need to discount the future cash flows to their present value using the required rate of return of 8%.
Here are the steps to calculate the NPV:
Here are the calculations:
Sum of the present value of the future cash flows: $324,074 + $278,423 + $119,658 + $134,896 = $857,051
NPV = $857,051 - $750,000 = $107,051
Therefore, the net present value of this project is $107,051. Since the NPV is positive, it is a profitable project and DYI Construction Co. should consider investing in the new inventory system.
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During a workforce planning session, hr identifies that within 5 years, 25% of the workforce will be nearing retirement age. The organization wants to ensure that there is steady recruitment of a new generation. Which activity during the benefits needs assessment is most relevant to the recruitment strategy?
Explanation:
Meaning of natural resources
In business you will often have ideas that you would like the managers including CEO to undertake. The Individual Organisational Memo is an internal professional document that you would give to your manager to progress an idea. In this instance as a student you have started to consider how important Sustainable Development Goals will be for organisations. For this assignment you are a recent employee at ALDI. ALDI has committed to sustainability. As a recent new hire you have read about their commitment to sustainability but noticed just how much single use plastic is on their packaging. You mentioned this concern to your manager, and they suggested that as you are studying, you should write your ideas for change in an organisational memo. Your manager will then table it at the next Senior Management Meeting. This is your opportunity to shine and perhaps get a promotion too. It would be great for your career as this will 'set you apart from the other graduates. In business you will often have ideas that you would like the managers including CEO to undertake. The Individual Organisational Memo is an internal professional document that you would give to your manager to progress an idea. In this instance as a student you have started to consider how important Sustainable Development Goals will be for organisations. For this assignment you are a recent employee at ALDI. ALDI has committed to sustainability. As a recent new hire you have read about their commitment to sustainability but noticed just how much single use plastic is on their packaging. You mentioned this concern to your manager, and they suggested that as you are studying, you should write your ideas for change in an organisational memo. Your manager will then table it at the next Senior Management Meeting. This is your opportunity to shine and perhaps get a promotion too. It would be great for your career as this will 'set you apart from the other graduates. ensure you make links to the Sustainable Development Goals.
An Individual Organisational Memo is a great way to communicate your ideas and concerns about sustainability to the senior management of ALDI.
In your memo, you should first introduce yourself and your role in the company, and then briefly explain your concern about the use of single-use plastic in ALDI's packaging. You should then provide some suggestions for reducing the use of single-use plastic, such as using biodegradable or reusable packaging, and explain how these changes would align with ALDI's commitment to sustainability and the Sustainable Development Goals.
Finally, you should conclude your memo by summarizing your main points and expressing your willingness to discuss your ideas further at the next Senior Management Meeting. Remember to keep your memo concise and professional, and use appropriate formatting and language.
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Calculate the total revenue if the firm produces 10 versus 9 units. Then, calculate the marginal revenue of the 10th unit produced. The marginal revenue of the 10th unit produced is $41. Calculate the total revenue if the firm produces 20 versus 19 units. Then, calculate the marginal revenue of the 20th unit produced. The marginal revenue of the 20th unit produced is $11
The marginal revenue will be $11 at the 20th product and the total revenue is $220.
Marginal revenue is simply the additional revenue produced as a result of a further sold unit. The marginal revenue of the tenth unit in this instance is $41.
At 9 units, the whole revenue will be:
= $41 × 9 = $369
At 10 units, the whole revenue will be:
= $41 × 10 = $410
At product number 20, the marginal revenue will be $11, and the total revenue will be $20 x 11 = $220.
The additional money produced by selling one more unit of a good or service is known as marginal revenue (MR). It is the difference in total revenue brought about by creating and selling an additional unit of output.
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ou have found three investment choices for a one-year deposit: 10.3% APR compounded monthly, 10.3% APR compounded annually, and 9.8% APR compounded daily. Compute the EAR for each investment choice. (Assume that there are 365 days in the year.)(Note: Be careful not to round any intermediate steps less than six decimal places.)
The EAR for the investment choices of 10.3% APR compounded monthly, 10.3% APR compounded annually, and 9.8% APR compounded daily are 10.8074%, 10.3%, and 10.3283% respectively.
The EAR (Effective Annual Rate) for each investment choice can be calculated using the formula:
EAR = (1 + APR/n)^n - 1
Where APR is the annual percentage rate, and n is the number of compounding periods per year.
For the first investment choice, 10.3% APR compounded monthly:
EAR = (1 + 0.103/12)^12 - 1
EAR = (1.008583)^12 - 1
EAR = 1.108074 - 1
EAR = 0.108074
The EAR for the first investment choice is 10.8074%.
For the second investment choice, 10.3% APR compounded annually:
EAR = (1 + 0.103/1)^1 - 1
EAR = (1.103)^1 - 1
EAR = 1.103 - 1
EAR = 0.103
The EAR for the second investment choice is 10.3%.
For the third investment choice, 9.8% APR compounded daily:
EAR = (1 + 0.098/365)^365 - 1
EAR = (1.000268)^365 - 1
EAR = 1.103283 - 1
EAR = 0.103283
The EAR for the third investment choice is 10.3283%.
Therefore, the EAR for each investment choice is 10.8074%, 10.3%, and 10.3283% respectively.
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"Commitment, Risk and Control increases while shifting fromdirect exporting to Licensing"- Justify the statement.
The statement "Commitment, Risk and Control increases while shifting from direct exporting to Licensing" is justified because as a company moves from direct exporting to licensing, it is making a greater commitment to the foreign market. This means that the company is investing more time and resources into the foreign market, and as a result, the risks and control associated with the foreign market also increase.
In direct exporting, the company is simply selling its products to a foreign market without any significant investment or commitment. However, in licensing, the company is allowing a foreign company to use its intellectual property, such as its brand name, logo, and products, in exchange for a royalty or fee. This means that the company is making a greater commitment to the foreign market and is taking on more risks, such as the risk of the foreign company not paying the royalty or fee, or the risk of the foreign company not properly representing the company's brand.
Furthermore, the company also has greater control over the foreign market in licensing compared to direct exporting. In direct exporting, the company has little control over how its products are marketed and sold in the foreign market. However, in licensing, the company can set guidelines and standards for how the foreign company should market and sell its products, giving it greater control over the foreign market.
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For 2017 Fielder Corporation reported net income of $32,000; net sales $400,000; and average share outstanding 16,000. There were no preferred dividends. What was the 2017 earnings per share?
Question 8 options:
a. $.50
b. $0,08
c. $25.00
d. $2.00
The 2017 earnings per share, with a net income of $32,000, net sales worth $400,000 and average share outstanding of 16,000, is d. $2.00.
To calculate the earnings per share (EPS), we can use the following formula:
EPS = (Net Income - Preferred Dividends) / Average Shares Outstanding
In this case, Fielder Corporation reported a net income of $32,000 and no preferred dividends. The average shares outstanding were 16,000. Plugging these numbers into the formula, we get:
EPS = ($32,000 - $0) / 16,000
EPS = $32,000 / 16,000
EPS = $2.00
Therefore, the 2017 earnings per share for Fielder Corporation were $2.00.
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Are electric cars the future? A Is it all about technology? What are the political, social, and environmental concerns/implications for electric cars?
Yes, electric cars are considered to be the future of transportation due to their ability to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and reduce our carbon footprint. However, there are also political, social, and environmental concerns and implications associated with electric cars.
Political: The transition to electric cars requires a significant investment in infrastructure, such as charging stations and battery production facilities. This can create political challenges, as governments must decide how to allocate resources and prioritize funding for these initiatives.
Social: There is also a social concern related to the affordability of electric cars. While the cost of electric cars is decreasing, they are still generally more expensive than traditional gas-powered vehicles. This raises concerns about access and equity, as lower-income individuals may not be able to afford electric cars.
Environmental: While electric cars have a lower environmental impact than traditional cars, there are still concerns about the production and disposal of batteries. The mining of materials for batteries can have negative environmental impacts, and the disposal of batteries can create hazardous waste.
Overall, while electric cars are seen as a promising technology for the future, there are still political, social, and environmental concerns that need to be addressed.
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A corporate bond has 21 years to maturity, a face value of $1,000, a coupon rate of 5.3% and pays interest twice a year. The annual market interest rate for similar bonds is 3.4%.
Part 1
What is the value of the bond (in $)?
The value of the corporate bond is $1,185.82.
It can be calculated using the formula:
[tex]Bond value = C * \frac{(1 - (1 + r) ^{-n})}{r} + F * (1 + r) ^{-n}[/tex]
Where:
C = Coupon payment
r = Market interest rate
n = Number of periods
F = Face value
In this case, the coupon payment is $1,000 * 5.3% / 2 = $26.50, the market interest rate is 3.4% / 2 = 1.7%, and the number of periods is 21 * 2 = 42.
Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Bond value = $26.50 * [(1 - (1 + 0.017) ^ -42) / 0.017] + $1,000 * (1 + 0.017) ^ -42
Bond value = $1,185.82
Therefore, the answer would be $1,185.82.
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1. Briefly explain the difference between production and
productivity. (6 marks)
2. State a product development system in operation management.
(4 marks)
1. Production is the total amount of goods or services produced by an organization, while productivity is a measure of the efficiency of production.
2. One of the product development systems in operation management is Agile software development.
It measures the rate at which output is created from inputs. Productivity is typically measured as output per unit of input, such as labor hours, materials or energy.
Agile is an iterative approach to product development that allows teams to rapidly create and test products by breaking down complex tasks into smaller, more manageable pieces. The goal is to create a product in short cycles and adjust it based on user feedback.
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My current client is currently using 2 different frameworks for doing work. These are Scrum and Kanban. I find that Scrum works well for more complex work with less known about it, while very clear work that is repeatable is a great fit for Kanban. Why might it be important to choose the right framework to match the type of work you do?
It is important to choose the right framework to match the type of work you do because it can greatly affect the success of a project. Scrum is an agile framework that focuses on iterative and incremental development, which is ideal for complex work where there is less known about the end product.
It emphasizes collaboration, flexibility, and quick response to change. On the other hand, Kanban is a lean framework that focuses on visualizing the workflow and limiting work in progress, which is ideal for clear, repeatable work. It emphasizes efficiency and continuous improvement. By choosing the right framework for the type of work you do, you can ensure that your team is able to effectively and efficiently complete the project. Additionally, it can help prevent miscommunication and confusion among team members, leading to a more cohesive and successful team.
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With reference to the activity ‘Equality: capitalism and socialism’, which political system do you think has the potential to sustain a more just society? What would the role of business leaders be in advancing the system of your choice? Substantiate your answer.
In reference to the activity "Equality: capitalism and socialism," it can be argued that socialism has the potential to sustain a more just society. This is because socialism aims to distribute wealth and resources more equally among all members of society,
Rather than allowing a small group of wealthy individuals or business leaders to control the majority of resources. This can lead to a more fair and equal society, where everyone has access to the resources, they need to live a fulfilling life.
However, the role of business leaders in a socialist system may be different than in a capitalist system. In a capitalist system, business leaders are often motivated by profit and competition, and may prioritize their own interests over the interests of the larger society.
In a socialist system, business leaders may be expected to prioritize the well-being of all members of society, rather than just their own profits. This may require a shift in mindset and approach for business leaders, but could ultimately lead to a more just and equitable society.
Overall, while both capitalism and socialism have their strengths and weaknesses, socialism has the potential to create a more just society by prioritizing equality and the well-being of all members of society.
However, the role of business leaders in advancing this system will require a shift in mindset and approach to prioritize the greater good over personal profit.
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