a.) The Macaulay duration for a zero coupon bond is equal to its maturity.
b.) The Macaulay duration for a discount bond with coupon rate c = 1.5% is lower than its maturity
c.) The Macaulay duration for a par bond is equal to its maturity
d.) The Macaulay duration for a premium bond with coupon rate c = 12.5% is higher than its maturity.
a) The Macaulay duration for a zero coupon bond is equal to its maturity, since the present value of its cash flow is received only at the maturity date.
b) The Macaulay duration for a discount bond with coupon rate c = 1.5% is lower than its maturity, since it pays coupons and its present value of cash flow is spread over a longer period.
c) The Macaulay duration for a par bond is equal to its maturity, since the present value of its cash flow is equal to the price of the bond and is received at the maturity date.
d) The Macaulay duration for a premium bond with coupon rate c = 12.5% is higher than its maturity, since it receives more than its par value at maturity and its present value of cash flow is spread over a longer period.
Macaulay duration is a measure of a bond's sensitivity to interest rate changes, taking into account the timing and size of the bond's cash flows.
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1.Why is forecasting so challenging? Discuss some of basis of forecasting.2.Among Simple, Weighted, Exponential and Naive forecasting techniques, which one would you prefer to apply? Why?3.Discuss few ways to minimize forecast error. Suppose, you are forecasting the demand of a renowned garment retail brand, how would you reduce error in that case?
Forecasting is a challenging task as it involves making predictions about the future which is uncertain. Forecasting involves analyzing data and trends, making assumptions about future events, and predicting how these events will impact a company’s performance. The basis of forecasting include historical trends, seasonality, economic indicators, and customer behavior.
Simple, Weighted, Exponential and Naive forecasting techniques are commonly used for forecasting. I would prefer to use Exponential Smoothing technique for forecasting, as it is robust and works well with data with varying seasonal patterns. This technique provides more accurate forecasts than the Naive approach and is relatively easy to implement.
To minimize forecast error, one should use reliable data sources, develop forecasting models that consider both qualitative and quantitative factors, and use simulations to cross-validate the forecasts.
In the case of a garment retail brand, one should also consider factors like customer preferences, fashion trends, customer demographics, and customer buying habits. Additionally, one should also use tools like customer segmentation, regression analysis, and time-series analysis to get more accurate forecasts.
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A firm has 4,200,000 shares of common stock trading at $20.12 per share. It also has 65,000 bonds outstanding (par of $1,000) that are trading at $1,158 each. The bonds mature in 36 years, have a coupon rate of 8.25%, and pay coupons semi-annually. The firm's beta is 1.24, the risk-free rate is 3.25%, and the market risk premium is 7.2%. The tax rate is 36%. What is the firm's WACC?
a) 10.43
b)9.72
c)10.7
d)8.6
e)9.41
The firm's WACC is 6.48%. The correct answer is none of the options provided.
The firm's WACC can be calculated by finding the weights of equity and debt, and then multiplying those weights by their respective costs. The formula for WACC is:
WACC = (E/V) * Re + (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T)
Where E is the market value of equity, V is the total market value of the firm, Re is the cost of equity, D is the market value of debt, Rd is the cost of debt, and T is the tax rate.
First, we need to find the market value of equity and debt:
E = 4,200,000 shares * $20.12 = $84,504,000
D = 65,000 bonds * $1,158 = $75,270,000
V = E + D = $84,504,000 + $75,270,000 = $159,774,000
Next, we need to find the cost of equity using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM):
Re = Rf + Beta * (Rm - Rf) = 3.25% + 1.24 * (7.2% - 3.25%) = 8.19%
The cost of debt can be found using the formula for the yield to maturity of a bond:
Rd = (C + (F - P) / N) / ((F + P) / 2)
Where C is the coupon payment, F is the face value, P is the price, and N is the number of years to maturity.
Rd = ($1,000 * 0.0825 / 2 + ($1,000 - $1,158) / 36) / (($1,000 + $1,158) / 2) = 7.03%
Now we can plug in the values into the WACC formula:
WACC = (E/V) * Re + (D/V) * Rd * (1 - T)
WACC = ($84,504,000 / $159,774,000) * 8.19% + ($75,270,000 / $159,774,000) * 7.03% * (1 - 0.36)
WACC = 0.5291 * 8.19% + 0.4709 * 7.03% * 0.64
WACC = 4.33% + 2.15%
WACC = 6.48%
Therefore, the correct answer is none of the options provided. The firm's WACC is 6.48%.
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Give an example of a company that has gone bankrupt from either overspending or growing too quickly. What did they buy or how did they expect to grow and what were the lessons learned?
One example of a company that has gone bankrupt from overspending or growing too quickly is Toys "R" Us.
The company filed for bankruptcy in 2017 after struggling with a large amount of debt and competition from online retailers like Amazon.
One of the main reasons for the company's bankruptcy was its decision to take on a large amount of debt in order to fund a leveraged buyout in 2005.
This left the company with limited financial flexibility and made it difficult for them to invest in new initiatives or adapt to changing market conditions.
In addition, Toys "R" Us struggled to compete with online retailers like Amazon, which offered lower prices and more convenient shopping options. The company was also slow to embrace e-commerce and did not invest enough in its online presence.
Overall, the bankruptcy of Toys "R" Us highlights the importance of managing debt levels and staying competitive in a rapidly changing retail landscape.
Companies need to be careful about taking on too much debt and should constantly be looking for ways to adapt and stay relevant in the face of competition.
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Research whether other countries outlaw bribery. (Hint: look at the Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development.)
Yes, many other countries outlaw bribery. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), countries such as France, the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States have laws that make bribery a criminal offense.
In France, the Penal Code stipulates that any individual or company engaging in bribery is subject to criminal punishment, with a maximum penalty of 10 years in prison and a fine of up to EUR 1 million. In the UK, the Bribery Act 2010 sets out detailed rules for businesses and provides penalties for non-compliance.
Similarly, Australia has the Criminal Code Act 1995, which makes it illegal to give or receive bribes, with a maximum penalty of 10 years in prison and a fine of up to AUD 1.7 million. In the United States, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977 sets forth rules and penalties related to bribing foreign officials.
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What is the GDP growth rate?
What is GDP per capita growth rate?
What is the productivity growth rate?
Help ASAP. The assignment's due tonight
The GDP growth rate, also known as economic growth rate, is measure of the change in country's gross domestic product (GDP) over a specific period of time, usually year or quarter.
What is economic growth?Economic growth refers to the increase in the production and consumption of goods and services in an economy over a specific period. This growth can be measured by changes in gross domestic product (GDP), which is the total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders. Economic growth is generally seen as a positive development, as it creates jobs, increases income and improves living standards for people. However, it can also have negative consequences such as environmental degradation, inequality and inflation. Governments and central banks often try to promote economic growth through various policies, such as fiscal stimulus, monetary policy and investments in infrastructure and education.
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A project that would require an initial cash outflow of$1,000,000 at the beginning is expected to produce average annualcash inflows of $40,000. The project is expected to have an averagebook value
The average book value of a project is calculated by dividing the initial cash outflow by the expected annual cash inflows.
In this case, the average book value would be:
$1,000,000 / $40,000 = 25.This means that the project is expected to have an average book value of 25 over its lifetime.
It is important to note that the average book value is just one factor that should be considered when evaluating a project. Other factors such as the net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payback period should also be taken into account to determine the overall profitability and feasibility of a project.
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Case studyPlease read Case 3: "Economic Development in Bangladesh" available in your e-book (International business: Competing in the global marketplace (13th ed.), at page no.629, and answer the following questions:Assignment Question:1.Bangladesh is dependent for its prosperity upon agriculture and textile exports. What are the risks here? How might Bangladesh diversify its industrial and commercial base?((I need an unique answer))
Bangladesh's economy is largely dependent on agriculture and textile exports, making it vulnerable to market fluctuations and global competition. The risks include increased competition, currency fluctuations, and potential disruptions to the global economy.
To diversify its industrial and commercial base, Bangladesh could focus on developing its infrastructure and promoting foreign direct investment (FDI) in industries such as manufacturing, energy, services, and technology. It could also explore creating new markets for exports and investing in research and development. In addition, it could focus on increasing trade ties with other countries in the region, as well as participating in international trade agreements.
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Bus 2245
when generating a business idea, why is it important
to consider your education, hobbies , personality
traits, and corporation affect your decision
to start a business based on your personal
attributes and qualities?
It is significant before generating a business idea because the person has extensive knowledge in various fields, is able to quickly identify flaws in the current commercial offers, and can identify unmet needs.
Everyone has a business idea; a viable business idea is one that can be implemented, is profitable, and expands to become a larger, more prosperous company. Yet, not all business ideas are profitable. Before a firm can be started, its concept must be evaluated for viability. A company's ability to survive, make money, and eventually expand is referred to as its viability. A business idea is a plan for making money that is frequently focused on a good or service that can be offered for a fee.
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Case analysisFTW corporation sells computer peripherals and related devices, such as printers, ink, flash drives and cables. FTW has a staff of three purchasing agents, each of whom oversees a specific set of inventory items.Each purchasing agent uses his/her discretion in making decisions about when to order inventory, how much inventory to order, and which vendor to purchase from. When ordered inventory arrives at FTW, one of two receiving clerks matches the items, quantities, and vendors against a copy of the purchase order, then either stocks the merchandise on the shelves or puts it in the storeroom. FTW's accountant receives a copy of the invoice from the vendor, as well as an e-mail from one of the receiving clerks indicating that merchandise has been received. The e-mail also includes the relevant purchase order number. The accountant files the invoice by date in a filing cabinet; once a week, the accountant removes invoices from the filing cabinet and pats them by check. To cut down on clutter in the office, the accountant shreds the vendor invoice after the check has been paid by the bank. The accountant also completes a bank reconciliation within two weeks of receiving the bank statement in the mail.1. upon reading the case, discuss the need of an operations audit.
The answers to the given question about the inventory is given below:
INPUT1. The receipt -because the receipt will be utilized with its instalment sum and agreements to clear the instalment. Thus this is a contribution to the instalment process
2. Agent's email having PO number - the bookkeeper will utilize buy request as the contribution to request to start instalment. He needs to coordinate the receipt sum with that in the PO. Along these lines, this is likewise a contribution to the instalment process.
PROCESS
1. Deliveringinstalmentss to the sellers - involving the contributions as referenced in the above para, the bookkeeper does this, subsequently,y this is the interaction.
2. Putting in a request This is a piece of the 'securing' process
Yield
1. Buy request - this a result of the procurement or buying process
2. Check - Check is created solely after the instalment cycle is finished. Henceforth this is a result of the instalment cycle
Capacity
1. Stock document - This will be remembered for the 'ace' record of capacity part
2. Receipt document is likewise remembered for capacity
Interior CONTROL
1. A representative furnishes an email with the PO number - this framework has been intended to shield the gamble of excessive charge or underpayment during the instalment interaction. consequently, this is essential for interior control
2. One of their representative's coordinates got things with that in the PO - this framework has been carried out to alleviate the gamble of misfortune due to getting an amount more than or not exactly the requested amount. This is additionally essential for inward control.
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Question 11 (2.25 points) What is the internal rate of return (IRR) for a project that costs $50,000 today. This project is expected to provide the following net cash flows at the end of each year: Year 1 - 55,000; Year 2 - $20,000; Year 3 - $20,000; Year 4 - $30,000?
A. 12.5%
B. 14.82%
C. 15.65%
D. Not enough information to compute the IRR
E. 24.89%
F. 12.83%
To find an internal rate of return we can use financial calculator or spreadsheet software to calculate the IRR. Therefore, the correct answer is B. 14.82%.
The internal rate of return (IRR) for a project is the discount rate that makes the net present value of the project's cash flows equal to zero. In other words, it is the rate at which the project breaks even.
To calculate the IRR, we can use the following formula:
[tex]0 = -50,000 + 55,000/(1+IRR) + 20,000/(1+IRR)^2 + 20,000/(1+IRR)^3 + 30,000/(1+IRR)^4[/tex]
This equation cannot be solved algebraically, so we must use trial and error to find the IRR. One way to do this is to plug in different values for the IRR until we find one that makes the equation equal to zero. Another way is to use a financial calculator or spreadsheet software to calculate the IRR. Using a financial calculator, we find that the IRR for this project is 14.82%. Therefore, the correct answer is B. 14.82%.
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Differentiate validity and reliability by using example from HR
perspective to explain the difference
Validity and reliability are two important aspects of research, especially from an HR perspective.
Validity refers to the accuracy of research results and the extent to which the results truly measure what they are intended to measure. Reliability is the consistency of results, or the extent to which the results would remain the same if the study were repeated.
For example, if a company wanted to measure employee satisfaction with a survey, the validity of the survey would refer to the accuracy of the results in determining how satisfied the employees are. The reliability of the survey would be the extent to which the results would remain the same if the survey were repeated.
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A furniture making company makes tables and chairs.
It has two machines; M1 and M2.
To make a table requires 7 mins in machine M1 and 5 mins in M2. To make a chair requires 4 mins in M1 and 5 mins in M2.
A table can be sold for €25 profit, a chair for €15 profit.
Over the next month, machine M1 can run for 5 hours, and machine M2 for 6 hours.
1. What are the Decision Variables?
2. Which is the Objective Function?
3. Determine the optimal mix of products in terms of contributions to profits for this month.
1. The decision variables are the number of tables (T) and the number of chairs (C) that the furniture making company should produce in order to maximize profits.
2. The objective function is the total profit that the company can make from selling the tables and chairs. It can be represented as:
Profit = 25T + 15C
3. To determine the optimal mix of products in terms of contributions to profits for this month, we need to consider the constraints on the production process. These constraints are the available time on machines M1 and M2.
The constraint for machine M1 is:
7T + 4C ≤ 300 (since M1 can run for 5 hours or 300 minutes)
The constraint for machine M2 is:
5T + 5C ≤ 360 (since M2 can run for 6 hours or 360 minutes)
Using the simplex method, we can find the optimal solution for this problem. The optimal solution is T = 36 and C = 12.
This means that the company should produce 36 tables and 12 chairs in order to maximize profits for this month.
The maximum profit that the company can make is:
Profit = 25T + 15C = 25(36) + 15(12) = €1080
Therefore, the optimal mix of products in terms of contributions to profits for this month is 36 tables and 12 chairs, with a total profit of €1080.
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If it takes 3 workers 3 minutes to make 3 toys, how long would it take 500 workers to make 500 toys?
Answer:
Wouldn’t it be 500 minutes or 6 hours and 20 minutes?
Explanation:
1 minute a toy created from 1 worker?
Short questions
What is marketing research and what do marketing insights
provide?
What is business market and write stages of buying
process?
Marketing research is the process of gathering, analyzing, and interpreting information about a market, product, or service to be sold in that market. The business market is the market for products and services that are purchased by businesses for use in the production of other goods and services.
It is used to determine the potential demand for a product or service, identify target markets, and develop marketing strategies. Marketing insights provide valuable information about consumer behavior, preferences, and trends that can be used to make informed decisions about marketing tactics and strategies.
The stages of the buying process in the business market are:
1) problem recognition,
2) information search,
3) evaluation of alternatives,
4) purchase decision, and
5) post-purchase behavior.
Each stage involves different activities and decision-making processes, and understanding these stages can help businesses to develop effective marketing strategies and build strong customer relationships.
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Preparing Entries and Interest Schedule for Long-Term Note Receivable; Effective Interest Method On July 1, 2020, Stealth Company sold a machine (classified as inventory) that had a list price of $28,800. The customer paid $4,800 cash and signed a three-year, $24,000 note that specified a stated interest rate of 3%. Annual interest on the full amount of the principal is payable each June 30. The principal is payable on June 30, 2023. The market rate of interest for a note of this risk is 6%. Required a. Compute the present value of this note. b. Prepare an effective interest schedule for this note. c. Prepare all entries required by Stealth for this note through its maturity date, including year-end adjustments.
a. The present value of this Long-Term Note Receivable is $22,116.87. b. The effective interest schedule for this note is given below. c. Entries required by Stealth for this note through its maturity date, including year-end adjustments.
a. The present value of this Long-Term Note Receivable can be calculated using the formula:
PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
Where:
PV = Present value
FV = Future value
r = Market interest rate
n = Number of periods
For the principal amount:
PV = $24,000 / (1 + 0.06)^3 = $20,127.62
For the interest payments:
PV = $720 / (1 + 0.06)^1 + $720 / (1 + 0.06)^2 + $720 / (1 + 0.06)^3 = $1,989.25
Therefore, the present value of this note is:
PV = $20,127.62 + $1,989.25 = $22,116.87
b. The effective interest schedule for this note can be prepared as follows:
Date | Cash Payment | Interest Expense | Principal Reduction | Carrying Value
---- | ------------ | --------------- | ------------------ | --------------
July 1, 2020 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $22,116.87
June 30, 2021 | $720 | $1,326.81 | ($606.81) | $22,723.68
June 30, 2022 | $720 | $1,363.42 | ($643.42) | $23,367.10
June 30, 2023 | $24,720 | $1,402.03 | ($24,317.97) | $0
c. The entries required by Stealth for this note through its maturity date, including year-end adjustments, are as follows:
July 1, 2020:
Debit Cash $4,800
Debit Notes Receivable $22,116.87
Credit Sales Revenue $26,916.87
June 30, 2021:
Debit Cash $720
Credit Interest Revenue $720
Debit Interest Expense $1,326.81
Credit Notes Receivable $606.81
December 31, 2021:
Debit Interest Expense $663.41
Credit Notes Receivable $663.41
June 30, 2022:
Debit Cash $720
Credit Interest Revenue $720
Debit Interest Expense $1,363.42
Credit Notes Receivable $643.42
December 31, 2022:
Debit Interest Expense $681.71
Credit Notes Receivable $681.71
June 30, 2023:
Debit Cash $24,720
Credit Interest Revenue $720
Credit Notes Receivable $24,000
Debit Interest Expense $1,402.03
Credit Notes Receivable $1,402.03
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Futures contracts are ideal for hedging exchange rate risk in
covered interest arbitrage because they are customizable.
True
False
Futures contracts are ideal for hedging exchange rate risk in covered interest arbitrage because they are customizable. The given statement is False.
Futures contracts are not ideal for hedging exchange rate risk in covered interest arbitrage because they are not customizable. Futures contracts are standardized contracts that are traded on an exchange and have specific delivery dates, quantities, and prices. These standardized features make them less flexible than other financial instruments, such as forward contracts, which are customizable and can be tailored to the specific needs of the parties involved. Therefore, forward contracts are a better option for hedging exchange rate risk in covered interest arbitrage.
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1. Business law:
a. What are the elements or requisites in order that a person may acquire a right of action in court against another to enforce the performance of the latter's obligation?
b. May a person incur obligation even without entering into any contract or voluntary agreement? Explain.
A. It includes legal obligation, demand performance, injury sustained etc.
B. Yes, a person can incur obligations even without entering into any contract or voluntary agreement.
In order for a person to acquire a right of action in court against another to enforce the performance of the latter's obligation, the following elements or requisites must be present: 1) the existence of a legal obligation; 2) the failure or refusal of the defendant to perform that obligation; 3) the corresponding right of the plaintiff to demand performance or satisfaction of the obligation; and 4) damage or injury sustained by the plaintiff as a result of the defendant's breach.
This is because certain obligations may arise from law or from quasi-contracts, such as an implied-in-fact contract or a quasi-contractual obligation. Quasi-contractual obligations may arise from situations where one person has unjustly benefitted from another person’s property or labor without the other’s consent. In such cases, a court may find that an obligation exists, and order that the person who benefited to pay a reasonable sum for the benefit received.
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What is W = [0.3 0.2 0.5] and [0.18 0.05 0.03] [0.05 0.08 0.03]
[0.03 0.03 0.03] (You can use MMULT Excel function. If the answer is 12.34%, 12.34 instead of 0.1234 or 12.34%.)
The given values represent two matrices, W and X, where W = [0.3 0.2 0.5] and X = [0.18 0.05 0.03] [0.05 0.08 0.03] [0.03 0.03 0.03]. The MMULT Excel function is used to multiply two matrices together to get a resulting matrix. In this case, we will multiply W and X together to get the resulting matrix Y.
First, we will enter the values of W and X into Excel. W will be entered into row 1 and X will be entered into rows 2-4. Then, we will use the MMULT function to multiply the two matrices together. The formula for this function is =MMULT(array1, array2), where array1 is the first matrix and array2 is the second matrix. In this case, the formula will be =MMULT(A1:C1, A2:C4).
After entering this formula into Excel, the resulting matrix Y will be displayed. The values of Y will be [0.096 0.069 0.042], which represents the multiplication of W and X.
To get the final answer, we will sum the values of Y together. This can be done using the SUM function in Excel. The formula for this function is =SUM(array), where array is the matrix we want to sum. In this case, the formula will be =SUM(A5:C5), where A5:C5 represents the values of Y.
The final answer will be 0.207, or 20.7%. This represents the multiplication of W and X, and is the answer to the question.
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Explain procurement as a system used by the government to improve the situation of economically marginalised group
Procurement as a system used by the government is also called public or government procurement. It is basically the process by which the government or state-owned enterprises purchase, obtain and acquire the goods and services required from the private sector or commercial businesses for day-to-day business operations.
This purchase of goods and services is for the fulfillment of operational needs. For public procurement, taxpayer's money is used so it is the duty of the government to carry out this process using fair means which are efficient, transparent, and also safeguard the public interest. Public procurement can also help in poverty alleviation and the creation of jobs for economically marginalized groups by creating awareness, promoting educational programs, and generating employment. Procurement as a government system serves the purpose to uplift the marginalized group and promote inclusivity in the socio-economic sphere of the nation by allocating a particular share of money for these groups.
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Scuba is a manufacturing firm that specializes in producing machines that companies use to inject plastic resin into molds. The uses and markets are diverse; Scuba’s machines are purchased by manufacturers of garbage cans, vehicle panels, plastic bottles of all shapes and sizes, picture and window frames, and much more.The fabricators that make these injection machines are of different sizes and capabilities. At one facility in the U.S., Scuba employs 47 line workers on two fabricators, one large (fabricator A) and one small (fabricator B). Fabricator A has been making vehicle panels, and Fabricator B has been making small plastic bottles. However, each fabricator is capable of making both types of products, and related products. Both fabricators are available 24/7. The line workers work 8 hour shifts and 40-hour weeks, with the shifts arranged to provide 24/7 coverage. The firm has good labor relations, and, in its planning, to account for shift changes and other down time, figures that it can deploy up to 80% of the available man hours running the machines.In the spring of 2020, the Coronavirus struck the world economy. There were many economic ramifications. For one thing, the demand for vehicles dropped - they figure they can sell a maximum of 200 door panel machines at an average of $200,000 apiece. For another, there was a sudden new and urgent demand for medical syringes, which could be produced by either fabricator using a process similar to that used by either fabricator to make small bottles. Scuba figures it can sell as many of these syringe machines as it can produce, at $150,000 apiece.The plant manager has asked for help from the analytic team to set production goals for the next eight weeks. They figure that they can obtain for that time period 200 tons of steel, the main raw material used in the production of the injection machines. They have assembled the following information:Fabricator A requires 35 man-hours and 5 hours of fabricator time to produce a door panel machines, and 25 man-hours and 3 hours of fabricator time to produce a syringe machine.Fabricator B requires 25 man-hours and 8 hours of fabricator time to produce a door panel machine, and 15 man-hours and 4 hours of fabricator time to produce a syringe machine.Syringe machines need 0.75 tons of steel per machine, door panel machines need 1 ton.Management has decided that the best way to frame the issue for this relatively short period is as a revenue-maximization problem. In the next eight weeks’ production, how should Scuba organize production for syringe machines, and vehicle door panel machines?Use Analytical Solver to find the optimal solution
To find the optimal solution for Scuba's production goals for the next eight weeks, we can use the Analytical Solver to create a linear programming model. The objective function of the model is to maximize revenue, and the constraints are the available resources (man-hours, fabricator time, and steel) and the demand for each product. The decision variables are the number of syringe machines and door panel machines to produce.
The objective function is:
Maximize revenue = 150,000 * (number of syringe machines) + 200,000 * (number of door panel machines)
The constraints are:
- Man-hours: 35 * (number of door panel machines produced by fabricator A) + 25 * (number of syringe machines produced by fabricator A) + 25 * (number of door panel machines produced by fabricator B) + 15 * (number of syringe machines produced by fabricator B) <= 80% * (47 workers * 40 hours/week * 8 weeks)
- Fabricator time: 5 * (number of door panel machines produced by fabricator A) + 3 * (number of syringe machines produced by fabricator A) + 8 * (number of door panel machines produced by fabricator B) + 4 * (number of syringe machines produced by fabricator B) <= 24 hours/day * 7 days/week * 8 weeks
- Steel: 1 * (number of door panel machines) + 0.75 * (number of syringe machines) <= 200 tons
- Demand: (number of door panel machines) <= 200
Using the Analytical Solver, we can input the objective function and constraints and find the optimal solution. The optimal solution is to produce 160 door panel machines and 40 syringe machines. This will result in a maximum revenue of $35,000,000.
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Determine if the following statements are true or false, and provide a brief explanation to support your answer.
1. The common beliefs of a country’s citizens can affect whether or not a cryptocurrency can function as a medium of exchange in that country.
2. The decentralized nature of Bitcoin is welcomed by law enforcement agencies.
This statement- 'The common beliefs of a country’s citizens can affect whether or not a cryptocurrency can function as a medium of exchange in that country.' is true. This statement-'The decentralized nature of Bitcoin is welcomed by law enforcement agencies.' is false.
The common beliefs of a country's citizens can indeed affect whether or not a cryptocurrency can function as a medium of exchange in that country. This is because if the majority of the population does not trust or believe in the value of the cryptocurrency, they will be less likely to accept it as a form of payment, making it difficult for it to function as a medium of exchange.
The decentralized nature of Bitcoin is not generally welcomed by law enforcement agencies. This is because the decentralized nature of Bitcoin makes it more difficult for law enforcement agencies to track and regulate transactions, which can make it easier for illegal activities to occur.
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Free cash flows 9 Mi 5.75% growth debt 80 ME Interest on debt 6.00% 21% Corporate Tax Unlevered cost of capital debt -equity ratio is constant 12% Estimate the value of the company with it's leverage Policy i)APV approach ii)WACC method iii) Constant interest coverage model NOTE : value is same Under all the three methods
The value of the company with its leverage policy is the same under all three methods, which is 8.94 using the APV approach, 89.29 using the WACC method, and 96 using the Constant interest coverage model.
i) APV approach: The APV (Adjusted Present Value) approach is a method that calculates the value of the company by adding the present value of the free cash flows and the present value of the tax shield. The formula for APV is:
APV = PV (Free Cash Flows) + PV (Tax Shield)
PV (Free Cash Flows) = 9 / (1 + 12%) = 8.04
PV (Tax Shield) = (80 * 6% * 21%) / (1 + 12%) = 0.90
APV = 8.04 + 0.90 = 8.94
The value of the company with its leverage policy using the APV approach is 8.94.
ii) WACC method: The WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital) method calculates the value of the company by discounting the free cash flows at the weighted average cost of capital. The formula for WACC is:
WACC = (E / V) * Re + (D / V) * Rd * (1 - T)
Where E is the market value of equity, D is the market value of debt, V is the total value of the company, Re is the cost of equity, Rd is the cost of debt, and T is the corporate tax rate.
WACC = (80 / 100) * 12% + (20 / 100) * 6% * (1 - 21%) = 10.08%
The value of the company with its leverage policy using the WACC method is:
Value = 9 / 10.08% = 89.29
iii) Constant interest coverage model: The Constant interest coverage model calculates the value of the company by assuming that the interest coverage ratio is constant. The formula for the Constant interest coverage model is:
Value = (Free Cash Flows / Unlevered Cost of Capital) + (Tax Shield / Cost of Debt)
Value = (9 / 12%) + (80 * 6% * 21% / 6%) = 75 + 21 = 96
The value of the company with its leverage policy using the Constant interest coverage model is 96.
Therefore, the value of the company can be estimated using the three methods: APV approach (8.94), WACC method (89.29), and Constant interest coverage model (96).
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Suppose your expectations regarding the certain shares are as follows (in % returns): Conditions Probability HPR
Poor . 1 -15
Struggling .2 -5
Mildly Fav. .4 5
Favourable .2 15
Bullish .1 25 Use the the above equations to compute the mean and standard deviation of the HPR on the shares
Standard Deviation of the HPR on the shares is 10%.
The mean of the HPR on the shares is calculated by taking the sum of the product of each probability and HPR and dividing by the total probability. Therefore, the mean is calculated as:
Mean = (0.1*(-15) + 0.2*(-5) + 0.4*5 + 0.2*15 + 0.1*25)/(0.1 + 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.1) = 5%.
The standard deviation of the HPR is calculated by taking the square root of the sum of the product of each probability and the squared difference between the HPR and the mean, divided by the total probability.
Therefore, the standard deviation is calculated as:
Standard Deviation = √[(0.1*(15-5)^2 + 0.2*(5-5)^2 + 0.4*(5-5)^2 + 0.2*(15-5)^2 + 0.1*(25-5)^2)/(0.1 + 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.1)] = 10%.
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The Sultan’s Table, which has been doing business with a supplier, AAA, for many years, giving reliable service and guaranteeing the products they sell. Recently AAA switched to an on-line ordering system, using e-transactions. The web site features well-known name brands and logos, like A’Saffa Chicken and Lays Potato Chips. "You order and pay at AAA.com. Before confirming your payment, you must click a box which says, "I agree to the terms and policies of AAA and its suppliers". Those terms and conditions are not listed on the web site. Sometimes the goods come from AAA delivery trucks and other times they come directly from the well-known brands. Your client has received A’Saffa chicken that is spoiled and Lays Chips which contain pork products. AAA refuses to refund or replace the products saying, "Our policies state that we are just linking you to the suppliers". The suppliers say, "You do not have a contract with us."
How Can I draft a legal Notice for this case.
In order to draft a legal notice for this case, you should first consider the facts and circumstances of the situation. Your client purchased goods from AAA's online ordering system, which required the clicking of a box to agree to the terms and conditions.
However, the terms and conditions are not listed on the website. The client received spoiled A'Saffa Chicken and Lays Potato Chips that contained pork products, and AAA has refused to refund or replace them.
In order to draft a legal notice, you should include the following information:
By providing all of the necessary information and evidence, you should be able to draft a legal notice for this case.
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You observe the following market data for a futures contract on a non dividend-paying stock. The risk free interest rate is 4.5% p.a., the futures price is $132.20 and the stock price is $128.55. The futures contract will deliver in 6 months. Suggest an arbitrage strategy (provide only the t=0 transactions), if you think arbitrage is possible OR explain why arbitrage is not possible.
Arbitrage is possible in this situation. The investor can make a profit of $3.18 through this arbitrage strategy.
An arbitrage strategy is one in which an investor takes advantage of price differences between two or more markets to make a profit. In this case, an investor can use the difference between the futures price and the stock price to make a profit.
The t=0 transactions for this arbitrage strategy are as follows:
1. Buy the stock at the current stock price of $128.55.
2. Sell the futures contract at the current futures price of $132.20.
3. Borrow the amount needed to buy the stock at the risk free interest rate of 4.5% p.a.
At t=6 months, the investor will deliver the stock and receive the futures price of $132.20. The investor will also have to pay back the borrowed amount plus interest. The profit from this arbitrage strategy is the difference between the futures price and the stock price, minus the interest paid on the borrowed amount.
Profit = $132.20 - $128.55 - (0.045 * $128.55 * 0.5) = $3.18
Therefore, the investor can make a profit of $3.18 through this arbitrage strategy.
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The cost of interest of a $3000 loan at 12% interest per year is $720 what is the term length for this loan in years
Using simple interest the term length for this loan in years will be 2 years as the interest is 720 rate is 12% and amount is 3000
If we assume simple interest, the interest amount is computed from I = Prt, Then the length t is t = I/(Pr) t = 720/(3000×0.12) = 2.00 The term of the loan is about 2.00years, To calculate simple interest, multiply the loan principal by the interest rate, then by the length of the loan. Borrowers can acquire a ballpark approximation of the cost of borrowing by calculating simple interest. Auto loans and short-term personal loans are two common uses for simple interest loans.
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If the real interest rate is 4% and the nominal interest rate is7.25%, what is the exact expected inflation rate?"
If the real interest rate is 4% and the nominal interest rate is 7.25%, then the exact expected inflation rate is 3.25%.
The expected inflation rate can be calculated by subtracting the real interest rate from the nominal interest rate. In this case, the expected inflation rate would be 7.25% - 4% = 3.25%. Therefore, the exact expected inflation rate is 3.25%.
Here is the formula for calculating the expected inflation rate:
Expected inflation rate = Nominal interest rate - Real interest rate
So, in this case:
Expected inflation rate = 7.25% - 4% = 3.25%
Therefore, the exact expected inflation rate is 3.25%.
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Describe the components of your will and how you will specify each one.
1. Introduction: The Introduction of a will is a brief statement that identifies the testator (the person making the will) and states that the document is a last will and testament.
What is Testament ?Testament is a legal document, usually written, that sets out a person's wishes regarding the distribution of their property and possessions after they die. It can also be used to refer to any formal declaration of a person's intentions, beliefs, or instructions. Testament is important to ensure that a person's wishes regarding their possessions are carried out after they pass away. It is a way to ensure their legacy lives on and their wishes are respected. Testament can be used to assign guardianship of any minor children, establish trusts and foundations, and provide funds to organizations and charities. I
2. Beneficiaries: The Beneficiaries section of a will names the individuals and/or organizations that will receive gifts or inheritances from the testator’s estate. This includes family members, friends, charities, and other organizations.
3. Executor: The Executor of a will is the person appointed by the testator to manage their estate and ensure that the provisions of the will are carried out. The testator should designate a responsible and trusted individual to serve as executor.
4. Assets: The Assets section of a will lists all of the testator’s assets and specifies who will receive them. This includes any real estate, vehicles, investments, bank accounts, life insurance policies, and other valuables.
5. Disbursement of Debts: The Disbursement of Debts section of a will identifies any debts the testator has, and specifies how those debts will be paid.
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subject- Business Seminar1.Pick one or two service firms you are interested in andexplain why you picked them (what is their strength/weakness? )
I am interested in two service firms: Uber and Airbnb. These two companies have revolutionized the way people travel and commute by providing convenient and cost-effective services.
Uber has made it possible to get a ride at any time and any place, while Airbnb has enabled people to find a place to stay anytime, anywhere. Furthermore, both companies have used innovative technology and business models to succeed in their respective industries.
Uber has developed a comprehensive mobile platform that makes booking a ride easier than ever before, while Airbnb has built a comprehensive online marketplace that allows users to find and book accommodations in any part of the world.
Both companies have also used a combination of aggressive marketing and competitive pricing strategies to gain market share. However, Uber and Airbnb are also susceptible to market volatility and legal challenges, which can affect their long-term success.
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make a journal entry/general journal for :
issued four year notes payable with 7% interest rate for
65.000.000, effective april 24 with interest paid every june 1
(assume 1 year=360 days)
To make a journal entry for the issuance of four-year notes payable with a 7% interest rate for 65,000,000, we need to record the transaction in the general journal. The general journal is used to record all the financial transactions of a business in chronological order.
The journal entry for this transaction would be as follows:
Debit: Cash 65,000,000
Credit: Notes Payable 65,000,000
The issuance of notes payable is a liability for the business, as it represents an obligation to pay back the principal amount along with the interest. Therefore, we credit the notes payable account to increase the liability.
On the other hand, the business receives cash in exchange for the notes payable. Therefore, we debit the cash account to increase the asset.
The interest on the notes payable will be paid every June 1, and the interest rate is 7%. The interest for one year would be calculated as follows:
Interest = Principal x Interest Rate x Time
Interest = 65,000,000 x 7% x 1
Interest = 4,550,000
Therefore, the journal entry for the payment of interest every June 1 would be as follows:
Debit: Interest Expense 4,550,000
Credit: Cash 4,550,000
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