Opportunity costs, one of the most crucial ideas in economics, are produced through trade-offs. Your opportunity cost is the choice you do not make when you make a trade-off.
What is the cost of that decision's recognized trade-off?Every time they spend their resources in one manner and not another, they are forced to make trade-offs. The expense of making a trade-off is known as the opportunity cost.
What does it mean to consider opportunity costs and decision-making trade-offs?The trade-off is a term used to characterize the courses of action given up in order to undertake the chosen course of action. On the other side, the opportunity cost is the price associated with selecting a particular course of action.
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Competitive advantage is gained in the value chain through which of the following types of activities? a. primaryb. establishing
Competitive advantage is gained in the value chain through primary activities. The answer is option a. primary.
What is a value chain?A value chain is a set of activities that firms undertake to create and deliver a product or service that is valuable to the customers. The value chain comprises two main activities: primary activities and support activities. Primary activities are related to the production and delivery of the product, while support activities provide support for primary activities. Primary activities are as follows: Inbound, logistics, Operations, Outbound logistics, Marketing and sales Service. Therefore, competitive advantage is gained in the value chain through primary activities.
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if an increase in government spending of $278 billion increases equilibrium output by a total of $544 billion, then the marginal propensity to consume must be:
If an increase in government spending of $278 billion increases equilibrium output by a total of $544 billion, then the marginal propensity to consume must be 0.5 (or 50%).
Marginal propensity to consume is a term used in economics to describe the relationship between changes in income and changes in consumption .The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is the fraction of additional income that is spent on consumption.
This means that, for every additional dollar of government spending, the output increases by an additional $0.50, with $0.50 going to consumption and the remaining $0.50 going to other areas such as savings and investment.
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redistribution involves a centralized authority collecting goods and services, and redistributing the. group of answer choices true false
The given statement "redistribution involve a centralized authority collecting goods and services and redistributing them" is True.
This means that the authority in charge collects resources from some people or organizations and then redistributes them to other people or organizations, typically to promote social welfare.
This redistribution is typically done in a way that is fair, equitable, and promotes equality among those who receive the resources. The centralized authority has the power to decide who receives the resources and how the resources are distributed.
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becky is running for election on a political platform that includes a high level of debt finance and low taxes. this can best be described as
The election on a political platform that includes a high level of debt finance and low taxes could be best defined as fiscal conservatism emphasizes fiscal responsibility and limits government spending and taxation.
Becky's political platform includes a high level of debt finance and low taxes, which is a common fiscal policy known as fiscal conservatism or fiscal hawkishness.
Fiscal conservatism is focused on keeping government spending low, balancing the budget, and reducing public debt. Low taxes are also a key component of fiscal conservatism, as taxes can reduce economic growth.
Ultimately, fiscal conservatism emphasizes fiscal responsibility and limits government spending and taxation.
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is it unusual for a marketing employee to feel that doing her job is more about reading email than creating advertising campaigns?
No, it is not unusual for a marketing employee to feel that doing her job is more about reading email than creating advertising campaigns. In today’s digital world, much of marketing is focused on email marketing.
Email marketing involves creating campaigns, writing and editing emails, creating strategies to reach target audiences, and ensuring that messages are delivered to the right audiences. Additionally, email campaigns need to be tracked, analyzed, and optimized to ensure they are effective.
As a result, a marketing employee may find themselves spending more time reading emails and assessing data than they do creating campaigns. It is also important to note that there are many other components to marketing, including traditional advertising, public relations, event management, and more.
Ultimately, it is not unusual for a marketing employee to spend a great deal of their time reading and responding to emails in order to create effective campaigns.
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on january 1, price co. called its $800,000, 8% bonds with a carrying value of $790,000. the call price is $788,000. the bonds originally were issued to yield 9%. on the call date, the company should recognize
On January 1, Price Co. called its $800,000, 8% bonds with a carrying value of $790,000. The call price is $788,000. The bonds originally were issued to yield 9%. On the call date, the company should recognize $2,000 gain.
Therefore, the correct option is option C: a $2,000 gain.Option C is correct because the carrying value of the bonds is $790,000. The call price is $788,000; hence, the company would save $2,000 if it calls its bonds on January 1. When the company pays the bondholders the call price of $788,000, the bonds are retired.
Because the carrying value of the bonds is $790,000, the company must record a gain of $2,000 (the difference between the carrying value and the call price) when the bonds are retired. Therefore, on the call date, the company should recognize a $2,000 gain.
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ray owns a piece of real estate in florida, but he lives in south carolina with his family. he has hired a property manager, jess, to manage the property for him. ray would be considered what kind of owner?
Since he lives in South Carolina with his family, Ray is considered a Non-Resident Owner.
A Non-Resident Owner is an individual or entity who owns real estate property in a state but does not live in or have a physical presence in that state. The Non-Resident Owner typically hires a third party, such as a property manager, to manage their property. In this case, Ray has hired Jess to manage the property for him.
A property manager is a professional who manages a rental property on behalf of a landlord. Their duties may include collecting rent, handling maintenance and repair requests, responding to tenant inquiries, keeping track of tenant occupancy, and inspecting the property. In this case, Jess is responsible for all these tasks on behalf of Ray.
Ray will also need to be familiar with any local ordinances or regulations pertaining to his property. Additionally, Ray must keep up to date with any changes in tax laws and regulations as they pertain to rental property.
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comparative advantage argument (what is floating rate debt, anyway?). how does the swap dealer hedge his currency risk as counterparty in the currency swap?
The comparative advantage argument is a theory of international trade that explains how countries can mutually benefit by specializing in the production of goods in which they have a lower opportunity cost than other countries. In economics, floating rate debt refers to a type of debt instrument whose interest rate is variable or changes over time in response to market conditions such as inflation rates, economic growth, and other market variables.
This type of debt is different from fixed-rate debt, in which the interest rate remains constant for the duration of the debt. The swap dealer hedges his currency risk in a currency swap by entering into a financial agreement with another party, typically a bank or financial institution, to exchange two different currencies at a predetermined exchange rate. This is known as a currency swap, and it allows the swap dealer to reduce or eliminate the risk of currency fluctuations in the foreign currency.
In the currency swap, the swap dealer exchanges its own currency for the foreign currency of the counterparty, and the counterparty agrees to pay the swap dealer a fixed interest rate on the foreign currency. The swap dealer hedges its currency risk in the currency swap by taking a position in the currency market that offsets its exposure to currency fluctuations.
This can be done by buying or selling currencies in the foreign exchange market, or by entering into other financial contracts such as futures or options. By doing so, the swap dealer is able to protect itself against losses in the value of the foreign currency, and ensure that it receives the agreed-upon exchange rate in the currency swap.
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. a local finance company quotes an interest rate of 18.4 percent on one-year loans. so, if you borrow $20,000, the interest for the year will be $3,680. because you must repay a total of $23,680 in one year, the finance company requires you to pay $23,680/12, or $1,973.33, per month over the next 12 months. is the interest rate on this loan 18.4 percent? what rate would legally have to be quoted? what is the effective annual rate?
the effective annual rate on this loan is 26.24%, which is higher than the quoted interest rate of 18.4%.
The quoted interest rate on the loan is indeed 18.4 percent. However, the finance company is using a method of calculating the interest rate that is not legally compliant, which is called the "add-on" interest method. Under this method, the interest is calculated based on the original principal amount of the loan, rather than on the declining balance as the loan is repaid.
To calculate the APR for this loan, we need to use a different formula that takes into account the declining balance as the loan is repaid. Using this formula, the APR for this loan would be approximately 23.14 percent.
To calculate the effective annual rate (EAR) for the loan, we can use the formula:
EAR = [tex](1+APR/n)^{n-1}[/tex]
where n is the number of compounding periods per year. For monthly compounding, n = 12. Plugging in the numbers, we get:
EAR =[tex](1+0.2314/12)^{12-1}[/tex]
= 26.24%
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True/False: the primary function of financial accounting is to provide relevant financial information to parties external to business enterprises.
The given statement is true because the primary function of financial accounting is to provide relevant financial information to parties external to business enterprises.
Financial accounting is the process of compiling financial statements that are intended to be used by decision-makers outside the organization, such as investors, regulators, and the general public. The primary goal of financial accounting is to provide information that is useful to these external users in making informed decisions about the organization's performance, liquidity, and potential for success.
Financial accounting is concerned with providing information to parties outside the company who have a vested interest in its financial health, such as shareholders, lenders, creditors, and regulators. It is critical for businesses to provide reliable, relevant, and timely financial information to these stakeholders because it can have a significant impact on their decisions.
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Blank are for profit financial organizations that have account holders
suppose the percentage decrease in the price of apple iphones is 10% and this causes an increase in 10% in quantity demanded of apple iphones. what is the price elasticity of demand?
The price elasticity of demand for Apple iPhones is 1, meaning that the percentage change in quantity demanded equals the percentage change in price.
If the price elasticity of demand for Apple iPhones is 1, it means that the percentage change in quantity demanded is equal to the percentage change in price. This is known as unitary elasticity.
However, this does not necessarily mean that the price elasticity of demand for Apple iPhones is exactly 1. It could be slightly higher or lower than 1, which would indicate whether the demand is relatively elastic or inelastic.
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how does the influence held by households vary from the product market, to the labor market, to the financial market?
The influence held by households varies in the product market, labor market, and financial market as follows:
Product market:
Households are one of the primary consumers in the product market, and their choices have a significant impact on the market. The product market is a two-sided market, with producers on one side and consumers on the other.
Households are a critical component of the consumer side, and their decisions on which goods and services to buy and how much to spend have a significant impact on the market.
Labor market:
In the labor market, households are the supply side. They offer their labor services in exchange for pay. The supply of labor is influenced by a variety of factors, including education, skills, and location.
A household's decision to work or not is influenced by many factors, including wages, job availability, and working conditions.
Financial market:
In the financial market, households are on the demand side. Households are the primary source of savings and investment funds. Financial markets allow households to invest in companies and participate in economic growth while also providing an avenue for them to borrow money when they require it.
Financial markets have a significant impact on the economy, and households are one of the key players.
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given the current trends toward empowerment and employing fewer levels of management, how important do you believe management development will be in the next ten years?
The current trend of empowering employees and reducing levels of management suggests that management development will become increasingly important in the next ten years.
With fewer levels of management, the managers that are employed will have to have a higher level of competency, and be able to take on larger roles and more responsibilities.
Management development programsManagement development programs can provide the necessary skills and knowledge to equip managers with the ability to take on these responsibilities and achieve their goals.
Furthermore, with changes in the global economy, managers will have to be able to adapt quickly to new strategies and processes. Management development programs can help prepare managers to effectively lead their teams through challenging times, and provide the support needed to ensure that the organization meets its objectives.
Finally, it is essential that managers remain up-to-date with the latest developments in their field, and management development programs can help managers to stay abreast of these changes.
In conclusion, the current trend toward empowerment and fewer levels of management means that management development will be an important factor in the next ten years.
With fewer managers to fill larger roles, it is essential that they have the right skills and knowledge to lead their teams effectively. Management development programs can equip managers with the necessary tools to lead in the changing global economy.
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Within the three-step writing process, which of the following is not part of the four essential strategies for persuasive messages?A) Framing your argumentsB) Analyzing the audienceC) Balancing emotional and logical appealsD) Reinforcing your positionE) Anticipating objections
(D) Reinforcing your position is not part of the four essential strategies for persuasive messages.
What is the three-step writing process?
The three-step writing process is a systematic approach that is used to plan, draft, and finalize written documents. The process involves the following three steps: Planning and preparation Drafting and writing Revising and editing.
What are the four essential strategies for persuasive messages?
The four essential strategies for persuasive messages are as follows: Analyzing the audience: It involves understanding the needs, preferences, values, and attitudes of the target audience. This will help the writer to frame their arguments in a way that will resonate with the readers.Balancing emotional and logical appeals: Persuasive messages should appeal to both the emotions and logic of the readers. Emotional appeals involve using language that evokes feelings, while logical appeals involve using reason and evidence to support a claim.Anticipating objections: Writers should anticipate objections or counterarguments that the reader may have and address them in the message. This helps to build credibility and address any concerns that the reader may have.
Framing your arguments: This involves using language that presents your arguments in a way that will resonate with the reader. This strategy involves using language that appeals to the values, beliefs, and attitudes of the reader. Reinforcing your position is not part of the four essential strategies for persuasive messages.
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when jason bought a car and went to register it with the state department of motor vehicles, he needed to show proof of insurance. what kind of insurance did jason need to have?
When Jason bought a car and went to register it with the state department of motor vehicles, he needed to show proof of insurance. The kind of insurance that Jason needed to have is liability insurance.
What is liability insurance?Liability insurance is a type of insurance policy that provides protection to a business or individual against the risk of being sued or held legally responsible for damage or injury caused to others. It is a type of insurance coverage that protects against claims arising from bodily injury, property damage, or other types of damages.
The liability insurance covers the cost of legal defense and any settlement or judgment that the court may award to the victim or claimant. The liability insurance is usually required by law in most states before an individual can legally operate a motor vehicle.
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on the cash budget, what is subtracted from total cash available to find the cash excess or deficiency?
On the cash budget, what is subtracted from total cash available to find the cash excess or deficiency the cash payments are subtracted from the cash receipts to determine the amount of cash remaining. A cash budget is a financial management tool that projects cash inflows and outflows over a specific period.
The cash budget outlines the amount of cash available, how much cash will be used, and the amount of cash that will remain at the end of a specific period. Cash receipts are money received by a company from its operations, investments, or financing activities.
The cash payments are the payments that are made by a company, including the cost of goods sold, employee salaries and wages, rent, utilities, and other expenses. A cash excess occurs when the company has more cash than it needs to meet its obligations, whereas a cash deficiency occurs when a company does not have enough cash to meet its obligations.
A cash budget helps a company to plan its cash flows and ensure that it has enough cash to meet its obligations. To calculate the cash excess or deficiency, the following formula is used:
Cash excess or deficiency = Total cash receipts - Total cash payments If the result is positive, it is called a cash excess, whereas if it is negative, it is called a cash deficiency.
A cash excess means that the company has more cash than it needs to meet its obligations and may choose to invest the extra cash or use it to pay off debt. A cash deficiency means that the company does not have enough cash to meet its obligations and may have to borrow money or sell assets to raise cash.
Therefore, a cash budget is an essential tool for financial planning and helps a company to manage its cash flows effectively.
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Which of the following does NOT affect your FICO score? Type in the number of the correct answer.
(1) length of credit history (2) payment history (3) years at current job(4) types of credit usedJim has an annual income of $180,000. Apple bank has a maximum front end DTI limit of 28%, what is the most they will allow Jim to spend on monthly principal, interest, taxes and insurance?
Type in the number of the correct answer.(1) length of credit history (2) payment history (3) years at current job(4) types of credit used," the correct answer is (3) years at current job.
When answering questions on the platform Brainly, it is important to always be factually accurate, professional, and friendly. Answers should be concise and not provide extraneous amounts of detail. Typos or irrelevant parts of the question should be ignored, and the following terms should be used in the answer to address the specific question:For the question
"Which of the following does NOT affect your FICO score? The length of credit history, payment history, and types of credit used all affect an individual's FICO score.In regards to the second question, Jim has an annual income of $180,000 and Apple bank has a maximum front end DTI limit of 28%.
To determine the most Jim will be allowed to spend on monthly principal, interest, taxes, and insurance, the following steps should be taken:1. Determine Jim's monthly income: Divide his annual income by 12: $180,000/12 = $15,0002. Determine the maximum allowed monthly payment: Multiply Jim's monthly income by the maximum front end DTI limit: $15,000 x 0.28 = $4,200Therefore, the most Jim will be allowed to spend on monthly principal, interest, taxes, and insurance is $4,200.
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products that are unknown to the potential buyer or a known product the buyer does not actively seek are called .
The products that are unknown to the potential buyer or a known product the buyer does not actively seek are called "unsought products".
Unsought products are consumer products that are not yet known or known to the customer but not looked for. These products include luxury products such as expensive perfumes, high-end watches, etc. Additionally, unsought goods may include products that may be unknown to customers or may be avoided, such as certain products for medical conditions. Potential buyers of unsought products may require special marketing methods.
If the item is a new product, the marketing plan may need to educate customers about the product's uses and benefits. If the item is a product that some people do not know about, such as life insurance or an advanced medical procedure, the marketing strategy may be to encourage people to use or purchase the product as a way to improve their lives.
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jeremiah invested $70,000 in an account paying an interest rate of 6.8% compounded daily. assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, how long would it take, to the nearest tenth of a year, for the value of the account to reach $99,000?
The account's worth would not reach $99,000 for 5 years. Investment is typically described as the "commitment of resources to gain subsequent rewards".
Future Value: What Is It?
Future value is the value of a present asset at some time in the future based on an anticipated rate of growth (FV). The future value is important to investors and financial planners because they use it to estimate how much an investment made now will be worth in the future.
Given:
P = $70000
R= 6.8%
SV = $99000
Compounded Daily for
A = P
99000 = 70000
= 1.414
= 1.414
= 1.414
also, n = 5 years
Hence, it would need 5 years for the account's value to reach $99,000.
An investment is a "commitment of money to obtain more money later" if money is involved.
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the primary aim of strategic management at the business level is group of answer choices maximizing risk to return trade-offs through diversification. maximizing differentiation of products and/or services. achieving competitive advantage. achieving a low-cost position.
At the company level, this is the main goal of strategic management gaining an advantage over competitors
What is the main objective of strategic management at the corporate level?Allocating resources—making a plan for how the company will budget resources to take advantage of its competitive advantage and accomplish organizational objectives—is the main objective of strategic management.
In strategic management, what is business level strategy?Business-level strategies look at how companies contend in a certain sector. Executives of companies decide whether to base their competitive advantage on pricing or differentiation, and whether to focus their activities on a wide or confined market. These decisions determine the firms' resulting strategy.
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in the united states, which group was most likely to be hurt by the north american free trade agreement? group of answer choices unskilled labor high-tech labor skilled labor owners of financial capital owners of capital equipment
Unskilled labor was the group most likely to be hurt by the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). the correct answer is ''unskilled labor.''
Since Free Trade Agreement reduced trade barriers between the US, Canada, and Mexico, it made it easier for companies to move factories to Mexico where wages and other labor costs were lower. As a result, jobs that were previously held by unskilled labor in the US were now available to workers in Mexico.
This shift in jobs led to a decrease in wages and a rise in unemployment for unskilled labor in the US. This had a particularly damaging effect on low-income and minority communities that relied heavily on those jobs.
In conclusion, the correct answer is ''unskilled labor.''
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risks can be avoided by countering the threats facing an asset or by eliminating the exposure of an asset. question 1 options: true false
The statement "risks can be avoided by countering the threats facing an asset or by eliminating the exposure of an asset" is true.
How can risks be avoided?Risks can be avoided by implementing proper security measures. It can be done by countering the threats that the asset is facing or by eliminating the asset's exposure. The countermeasures employed by organizations aim to prevent or minimize the risks associated with their assets.
Some of the common countermeasures include:
Providing access control to protect against unauthorized accessConducting regular security assessments and audits of the organization and its Assets Use of firewalls, IDSs, and antivirus software to prevent cyber-attacksImplementing physical security measures such as video surveillance, access control, and burglar alarmsRegular training of employees to ensure that they understand the importance of security measuresMaintaining a backup and disaster recovery plan to help mitigate the consequences of a security breach.Learn more about risks at
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a flight from portland, oregon, to spokane, washington, decreased in price from $232 to $198. what is the markdown percent?
The markdown percent for the flight from Portland, Oregon, to Spokane, Washington, decreased in price from $232 to $198 is 14.6%.
To calculate the markdown percent of a flight from Portland, Oregon, to Spokane, Washington, decreased in price from $232 to $198, follow these steps:
Step 1: Calculate the dollar difference between the two prices.
$232 - $198 = $34
Step 2: Divide the dollar difference by the original price.
$34 / $232 = 0.146
Step 3: Multiply the result by 100 to calculate the markdown percent.
0.146 x 100 = 14.6% markdown
Therefore, the markdown percent for the flight from Portland, Oregon, to Spokane, Washington, decreased in price from $232 to $198 is 14.6%.
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your aunt has promised to give you $5,000 when you graduate from college. you expect to graduate three years from now. if you can work your schedule to graduate a year earlier, the present value of the promised gift will:
The present value of the promised gift will be higher if you graduate a year earlier.
Assuming a discount rate remains constant, the present value of the promised gift will increase if you graduate a year earlier because the time period for discounting the future value of money will decrease.
To calculate the present value of the gift in both scenarios, we can use the formula:
PV = FV / (1 + r)ⁿ
Where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the discount rate, and n is the number of years.
If you graduate in three years:
PV = $5,000 / (1 + r)³
If you graduate in two years:
PV = $5,000 / (1 + r)²
Since the denominator in the second equation is smaller than the denominator in the first equation, the present value of the gift will be larger if you graduate a year earlier.
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) which is an impact of the national grange? (5 points) a the creation of agricultural colleges b the creation of a federal income tax c limits on the price railroad companies could charge farmers d limits on the amount of land farmers could plant each year brainly
Answer: Its C
Explanation:
I took the quiz and got it right
An impact of the National Grange can be, it d. limits on the amount of land farmers could plant each year.
The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry had an impact on farmers by limiting the amount of land farmers could plant each year. This was done to conserve the soil and promote sustainable agriculture.
Additionally, the National Grange had an impact on railroad companies by limiting the price they could charge farmers for transporting goods. These measures were created to help farmers maintain their livelihoods.
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the methods by which a government adjusts its spending levels and tax rates to influence a nation's economy are known as:
The methods by which a government adjusts its spending levels and tax rates to influence a nation's economy are known as fiscal policies.
Fiscal policies involve the government changing spending levels, tax rates, and other forms of taxation to influence economic growth. For example, increasing spending and cutting taxes can stimulate economic activity and lead to economic growth. Alternatively, reducing spending and raising taxes can help to reduce inflation and reduce government debt.
It refers to the government's decisions on taxes, spending, and debt management in order to promote economic stability and growth. Fiscal policy involves the use of government spending and tax policies to affect the overall economy by influencing aggregate demand and aggregate supply. It is often used in conjunction with monetary policy, which is controlled by a central bank like the Federal Reserve in the United States.
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which of the following changes to a company's contribution income statement will always lower the break-even point (either in units or in dollars)?multiple choicesales price increases by 10%.sales price decreases by 5%.variable costs increase by 10% and fixed costs decrease by 5%.variable costs decrease by 5% and fixed costs increase by 10%.
The changes to a company's contribution income statement will always lower the break-even point A. Sales price increases by 10%.
A break-even point is the point at which a company's total revenues equal its total costs, meaning that the company is not making a profit but is also not losing money. To lower the break-even point, either the company's revenues need to increase or its costs need to decrease. When the sales price increases by 10%, the company's contribution margin per unit (the difference between the sales price and the variable cost per unit) also increases.
With a higher contribution margin, fewer units need to be sold to cover the fixed costs, thus lowering the break-even point in terms of both units and dollars. In contrast, when the sales price decreases by 5% (option B), the contribution margin per unit decreases, and more units need to be sold to cover the fixed costs, increasing the break-even point.
Regarding option C, the combined effect of a 10% increase in variable costs and a 5% decrease in fixed costs on the break-even point cannot be determined without knowing the exact figures. It depends on the initial values and their proportion to each other.
In option D, the 5% decrease in variable costs would increase the contribution margin per unit. However, the 10% increase in fixed costs would offset this benefit, and more units would need to be sold to cover the higher fixed costs. As a result, the break-even point might not necessarily decrease in this case.
Therefore, the only option that will always lower the break-even point is when the A. sales price increases by 10%.
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in the market for digital cameras, what would we expect to happen if the price of digital cameras rises?
If the price of digital cameras rises in the market, what we expect to happen is the demand for digital cameras will decrease. This will happen because a rise in price leads to a fall in demand.
What is the relationship between price and demand?The relationship between price and demand is inverse. When the price of a product goes up, the demand for the product goes down, and when the price of a product goes down, the demand for the product goes up.
On the other hand, when the price of a product falls, the demand for that product will increase.
In economics, the law of demand is a principle that describes consumer behavior when the price of a product rises, the demand for the product decreases, and when the price of a product decreases, the demand for the product increases.
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to determine the present value of a bond that pays semiannual interest, which of the following adjustments should not be made to compute the price of the bond? a. the number of annual periods should be doubled. b. the annual discount rate should be divided by 2. c. the annualized coupon should be split in half. d. the par value should be split in half. e. all of these choices are adjustments have to be made.
To determine the present value of a bond that pays semiannual interest, which of the following adjustments should not be made to compute the price of the bond The number of annual periods should be doubled is not an adjustment that should be made to compute the price of a bond that pays semiannual interest.
What is the price of the bond?The price of the bond is the sum of the present values of the coupon payments and the par value of the bond. The present value of each coupon payment is computed by dividing it by (1 + r/k)t where r is the annual discount rate, t is the number of years to maturity, and k is the number of coupon payments per year. The present value of the par value is computed by dividing it by (1 + r/k)t.
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