The uncertainty of church authority, mentioned in Source 2, most directly contributed to which of the following European developments in the 13th and 14th centuries?

The Crusades
The Protestant Reformation
The Counter-Reformation
The Enlightenment

Refer to the two passages.

Source 1

"Christendom had recovered from . . . when the Tartar cataclysm had threatened to engulf it. The Tartars themselves were already becoming an object of curiosity rather than of fear. . . . The frail Latin throne in Constantinople was still standing, but tottering to its fall. The successors of the Crusaders still held the Coast of Syria. . . . The jealousies of the commercial republics of Italy were daily waxing greater. The position of Genoese trade on the coasts of the Aegean was greatly depressed . . . Venice had acquired [power there by expelling] the Greek Emperors. . . . But Genoa was biding her time for an early revenge, and year by year her naval strength and skill were increasing. Both these republics held possessions and establishments in the ports of Syria. . . . Alexandria was still largely frequented in the intervals of war as the great emporium of Indian wares, but the facilities afforded by the Mongol conquerors who now held the whole tract from the Persian Gulf to the shores of the Caspian and of the Black Sea, or nearly so, were beginning to give a great advantage to the caravan routes.”

Henri Cordier’s annotated translation of The Travels of Marco Polo, 1920

Source 2

"Throughout the twelfth century there were many signs that the European intelligence was recovering courage and leisure, and preparing to take up again the intellectual enterprises of the first Greek scientific enquiries and such speculations as those of the Italian Lucretius. The causes of this revival were many and complex. The suppression of private war, the higher standards of comfort and security that followed the crusades, and the stimulation of men’s minds by the experiences of these expeditions were no doubt necessary preliminary conditions. Trade was reviving; cities were recovering ease and safety; the standard of education was arising in the church and spreading among laymen. The thirteenth and fourteenth centuries were a period of growing, independent or quasi-independent cities; Venice, Florence, Genoa, Lisbon, Paris, Bruges, London, Antwerp, Hamburg, Nuremberg, Novgorod, Wisby and Bergen for example. They were all trading cities with many travellers, and where men trade and travel they talk and think. The polemics of the Popes and princes . . . were exciting men to doubt the authority of the church. . . .

The Arabs [began] restoring Aristotle to Europe, and . . . [European princes like] Frederick II acted as a channel through which Arabic philosophy and science played upon the renascent European mind.”

H. G. Wells, A Short History of the World, 1922

Answer:

B.) The Protestant Reformation

Explanation:

I can't explain on this question because I have no idea why it's the protestant reformation, I'm guessing it does have to do what happened later when it mentioned about the uncertainty of church authority. I'm guessing that the Protestant Reformation started after the uncertainty. You might want to ask your teacher of why it's the Protestant Reformation because I have no clue why. I knew it wasn't Counter Reformation because that happened after the Protestant Reformation and the Enlightenment did not happen in the 13th and 14th centuries. I chose B and got it right. I initially chose A but that was wrong.

Which statement best defines a biodiversity hotspot?

An ecosystem in a polar climate whose diversity is threatened by global warming
An area with a high level of diversity that is threatened by human activities
A tropical region that contains unusually high levels of species diversity
An ecosystem with historically low levels of diversity that are beginning to rise

Which of the following best describes a common effect of the Inca road system and the Silk Road on their respective regions?

Both enabled a single empire to conquer the peoples along the route.
Both unified the peoples along the route under a central government.
Both brought about intercultural exchange among the peoples along the route.
Both made products from other continents available to the peoples along the route.

Did Spanish language spread because of religion or Arabic?

When creating a database, after you have created fields, selected a key field, and named your database, you should _____. open the database software open a word-processing program start entering records alphabetize the entries by hand

PLEASE HELP WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!!!!!!!!!What is the difference between a housing application and a lease agreement?

What role does partisanship and ideology play in the selection of Supreme
Court justices?

The passage provides evidence to illustrate which of the following?

Human adaptation to weather patterns
Religious motivation for human migration
Cultural inspiration for trans-regional interactions
The political effects of trade on countries in the region

Refer to the passage.

"The huge Indian Ocean constitutes a maritime space less cohesive than the Mediterranean; yet, the monsoons provide a degree of geographic unity. In winter months, approximately November through March, high pressure zones over the Asian landmass and low pressures over the ocean produce prevailing winds blowing in a southwesterly direction from India and from China. In the summer months, approximately April to September, the pressure zones and wind directions reverse. The optimal sailing periods during the monsoons were relatively short and storms were often a problem, so mariners learned to catch the winds at certain times, depending on their points of embarkation and destination. Some historians argue that the monsoons determined certain historical patterns, and there is a general consensus that the monsoons made cross-cultural experiences highly likely, such as those between Arabia and East Africa and between China and island Southeast Asia. The monsoons also heightened opportunities for sailing long distances more quickly than would otherwise have been possible and thereby made the huge region seem a bit smaller.”

Patricia Risso, historical analysis of the Indian Ocean trade network prior to 1500, Merchants and Faith: Muslim Culture and Commerce in the Indian Ocean, 2018

hello everyone hope your having a great day! and watch out for the next riddle i'm giving out later :)

(Psychology) What did Rescorla discover with his experiments in cognitive learning?
A. The ability of a stimulus to predict a consequence affects its ability to shape behavior.
B. Responses to stimuli only occur if more than one stimulus predicts a consequence.
C. Stimuli will have similar effects on behavior no matter how far apart they occur from signals.
D. Punishments, such as low-voltage shocks, cannot be paired with positive reinforcements.

A historian points to the three images to claim American Indian tastes in clothing had changed drastically between 17th and 19th centuries. which of the following, if true, most strengthened the historians argument?

Select the qualification that is best demonstrated in each example.

Hector practices every day so he will improve on his drumming skills. Hannah is a Dancer who learns and remembers a complicated dance routine. Mario is a Writer who thinks up new ideas for stories and poems. Christina is an Actor who discusses the characters in a play with her coworkers.

What do you think is the importance of finding you social location in you own social society

Based on the image and your knowledge of world history, which of the following best describes the effects of the trans-Saharan trade on religion throughout North Africa?

Missionaries created temples along trade routes as places to study the tenets of Buddhism.
Traders brought the principles of Christianity with them and built Catholic churches.
Trade with European countries such as Spain led to an increase in Catholic practices.
The Islamic religion spread throughout the region due in large part to the influence of Muslim traders.

Refer to the image.

A 14th century Catalan Atlas. The atlas shows a map of the western part of North Africa and the southern tip of Spain. A figure of Mansa Musa sits cross-legged wearing a crown and holding a sceptre in the right-hand corner. Cultural depictions and symbols are on the map.

The Catalan Atlas, created in the late 14th century, includes cultural depictions overlaid on a map of North Africa and Spain. The figure in the lower right is Mansa Mūsā, who ruled Mali from 1307 to about 1332.

Please help!!!! AP gov!!

Read the policy, and say why it leans more conservative!!! -->


This year there was a proposal to increase government funding for public schools to help implement a new curriculum for Primary and Secondary education students (k-12) that emphasizes Patriotism, National Pride, Civic Duty, and the Glory of American History while downplaying the impacts made by other nations/countries and the less-than-glorious moments in American history. Things such as resistance to American government action and the impacts of unfair laws will be taught but will not receive as much attention as their counterparts. The proposed policy calls for an additional $20 billion to be directed toward public education to provide training for school staff and provide the necessary materials for this new curriculum.


Currently, this law is being debated in Congress and has gone through several revisions. There is no current date set for a vote on whether or not this should become a law.

What is the difference between Level 1 thinking and Level 3 thinking?

A balloon that is filled up with air at room temperature is placed in the sun and it expands to the temperature rise. What happens to the air molecules in it as the temperature rises?

Use the excerpt from the 1733 Molasses Act to answer the question.

Laws like the Molasses Act in the excerpt caused many colonists to respond by

A. reluctantly obeying the laws, causing high levels of poverty and scarcity.
B. vigorously protesting the laws, organizing revolts that ended unity.
C. ignoring the laws, leading to a profitable system of smuggling.
D. petitioning for a change to the laws, strengthening the local government.

Passage in the comments!

There are many specialties within the field of psychology. Write about two types of psychology careers that you have learned about
from your reading, and give examples of when or how those careers may be used

Some history focuses on politics and war. When you think about the history of your everyday life, do
you think these impact a person as much as what they do for entertainment, what kind of career a
person has or the types of foods available to them? Why or why not?

Which examples demonstrate tasks commonly performed in Audio/Video Technology and Film jobs? Check all that apply.

Leah installs telephone lines to a company’s office.
Maxine sets up lighting equipment in a theater for a play.
Harold interviews crime witnesses for a news story.
Charles announces information on the radio.
Naomi fixes a broken speaker in a recording studio.
Brad carries and operates a heavy video camera.

Who’s does this work?

Which of the following is true of intellectual property?

please help me on the other ones I did one of them

When looking at the Language Family Tree diagram, the larger the trunks and leaves are, the greater the number of speakers of those families and languages.

True or False

The diffusion of the Internet followed the same path established by the television, but at a much slower pace.

True or False

NEED HELP NOW!!
The best description of a strong leader is someone who

is always right but easily influenced by others.
displays self-confidence and the ability to inspire others.
makes money and has a sense of purpose.
shows concern for others but is uninspiring.

If you were given the choice to build the skyscraper and once completed receive two million dollars OR serve two years
in prison and receive two million dollars once your time was done, which would you do? Give me your answer and
reasoning
Must be at least 3 sentences.

No ruler took more liberties with his religion than Akbar, the greatest of the Mughals, the Muslim dynasty that dominated India between the early 16th and 18th centuries. Like Ashoka and Gandhi, Akbar constructed a religious ideology that served to hold together a diffuse polity as it fed his own soul. It began with pragmatic policies of tolerance. Akbar had inherited the throne, at the age of 13, in 1556. In 1579 he abolished the jiziya, a tax imposed on all but the poorest non-Muslims. This was the most notable in a series of measures to recruit the Hindu majority and others to the cause of unifying and expanding his empire. He could be ruthless: his troops massacred 20,000–25,000 non-combatants after a four-month siege of Chitor, a nearly impregnable Hindu fortress in Rajasthan. But he preferred incentives to coercion. He defeated the war-like Rajputs, but gave them rank and married their princesses, who were permitted to conduct Hindu rites in the harem. The Mughal-Rajput alliance was a bulwark of his empire. "Multicultural Akbar,” The Economist, 1999.
Explain ONE specific political development that resulted from the conditions created by the religious policies described in the passage?

Carbon dioxide emissions from vehicles cause a natural warming process as a result of the Earths atmosphere. This is known as the _____ effect.

a.) atmospheric
b.) carbon dioxide
c.) car culture
d.) emissions
e.) greenhouse

Explain why many students are overconfident in their abilities to take open book tests.

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