Answer:
Change; overestimates
Explanation:
The substitution bias in the consumer price index refers to the idea that consumers change the quantity of products they buy in response to higher price, and the official CPI does not reflect this and overestimates the cost of the market basket.
The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure used to analyze and examine the weighted average or aggregate of prices of a basket of goods and services paid for by consumers such as medical, food, and transportation.
In Economics, the substitution bias is a limitation of the consumer price index (CPI) because it doesn't take into consideration the substitution effect of consumer's choice during inflation.
Generally, consumers usually choose to substitute a particular product with another having a cheaper price, when its price rise than the normal price they buy at. The consumer price index will still overestimate the cost of the market basket even when the consumer has substituted the particular product; consumer switching from an expensive product to a relatively alternative.
If you were using the discounted cash flow method to determine the appropriate value of a security, you would want to purchase that security when A) the current market price equals the PV B) the current market price is below the PV C) the rating of the security has just been upgraded D) the current market price is above the PV
Answer: The current market price is below the PV
Explanation:
The discounted cash flow method is when the time value of money is being used to value a project, security, company, or an asset.
When the discounted cash flow method is used to determine the appropriate value of a security, it is vital to buy the security when the current market price is below the present value.
Ace Credit Card Company agrees to transfer cash to Seller Company deposit of that company's credit card sales sales. If Seller Company deposits $57,300 credit eard statements is true?
A. Ace will receive $56,154 cash from Seller Company
B. Seller Company will receive cash $56,154 from Ace
C. Ace will receive $57,300 cash from Seller Company
D. Seller Company will receive $57,300 cash from Ace
E. Ace will pay Seller Company a $1,146 credit card fee
Answer:
The question is incomplete, below is a possible match of the complete question:
Ace Credit Card Company agrees to transfer cash to Seller Company immediately upon deposit of that company's credit card sales receipts. Ace charges a 2% fee for all credit card sales. If Seller Company deposits $57,300 credit card sales receipts, which of the following statements are true?
A. Ace will receive $56,154 cash from Seller Company
B. Seller Company will receive cash $56,154 from Ace
C. Ace will receive $57,300 cash from Seller Company
D. Seller Company will receive $57,300 cash from Ace
E. Ace will pay Seller Company a $1,146 credit card fee
The correct answer is:
Seller Company will receive cash $56,154 from Ace (B)
Explanation:
Since Ace charges a 2% fee for all credit card sales, for a deposit of $57,300 by Seller company, the 2% service charge will be deducted, and to find how much cash seller company will receive, we will calculate the balance on the deposited amount after the 2% fee has been deducted. This is done as follows.
2% of $57,300 = 2/100 × 57,300
= 0.02 × 57,300 = $1,146
Therefore, balance after deduction:
= 57,300 - 1,146 = $56,154
Hence, seller company will receive a cash of $56,154 from Ace for the credit card sales.
Like monopolists, oligopolists are aware that an increase in the quantity of output always a. reduces the price of their product. b. reduces their profit. c. reduces their revenue. d. reduces productivity.
Answer:
b. a. reduces the price of their product.
Explanation:
An Oligopoly is when there are few large firms operating in an industry. While, a monopoly is when there is only one firm operating in an industry.
Oligopolies are characterised by :
price setting firms
product differentiation
profit maximisation
high barriers to entry or exit of firms
downward sloping demand curve
interdependence among firms
an oligopoly can either set the price of their product or the quantity and not both. if quantity is increased, the price would drop
If prices are increased, the quantity demanded would fall.
Answer:
b. a. reduces the price of their product.
Explanation:
b
Assets Liabilities and Net Worth
Reserves $40,000 Checkable Deposits $130,000
Loans 25,000 Stock Shares 45,000
Securities 110,000
Assume the Continental National Bank's balance statement is as shown in the accompanying table. Assuming a legal reserve ratio of 20 percent, how much in excess reserves would this bank have after a check for $10,000 was drawn and cleared against it?
a. $16,000.
b. $3,000.
c. $6,000.
d. $24,000.
Answer: c. $6,000.
Explanation:
Given: Checkable Deposits = $130,000
Amount Withdrawal = $10,000
Then, the new checkable deposit = (Checkable Deposits) - (Amount Withdrawal)
= $130,000-$10,000= $120,000
Reserves = 20% × (new checkable deposit)
=20% × $120,000 = $24,000
New reserve = (Reserve)-(Amount Withdrawal)
=$40,000 - $10,000 = $30,000
Excess Reserve = (New reserve) - (Reserves )
= $30,000 – $24,000 = $6,000
i.e. Excess reserve in bank is $6,000.
Hence, the correct answer is c. $6,000.
Suppose that the marginal utility of good Y = 2X2 and the marginal utility of good X = 4XY. What is the slope of the indifference curve when Y = 7 and X = 2? Assume that good X is on the horizontal axis and good Y is on the vertical axis.
Answer:
The slope of indifference curve is 7.
Explanation:
The marginal utility of good Y = 2X^2
The marginal utility of good X = 4XY
Given Y = 7
X = 2
The slope of the indifference curve is otherwise termed as the marginal rate of substitution. So, we can find the slope by dividing the marginal utility of Y by the marginal utility of X.
Slope = MUx / MUy
= 4XY / 2X^2
= 4Y / 2X
Now insert the value of X and Y.
= (4×7) / (2×2)
= 28/4
= 7
Hence the slope of the indifference curve is 7.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between earnings and dividends when all other factors are held constant?
A. Growth in earnings requires growth in dividends.
B. Retaining a higher percentage of earnings will result in a higher growth rate.
C. Long-run earnings growth occurs primarily because firms pay dividends to reward their shareholders for investing in the company.
Answer:
Statement B. Retaining a higher percentage of earnings will result in a higher growth rate.
Explanation:
The earnings are the profits that is left after paying interests and taxes and now all we have to do is pay the dividend. The company pays a percentage of earnings after tax as a dividend and the remainder is reinvested in the business. This helps the company to increase its earnings by reinvestment so that the company is able to lead in the market.
The earnings of the company are not affected by the dividend payout if the working capital is not affected because dividends are dependent on earnings. Hence the statement 1 is incorrect.
This means that the retaining higher percentage of earnings will increase the growth rate as the reinvestment has increased and it will increase the earnings. Hence the statement 2 is correct.
Company doesn't pay dividend to shareholders for reinvestment in the company. They pay dividends because the shareholders demand return on the risk associated with the investment. Hence the statement 3 is incorrect.
A salesperson is listing a property in a mostly Hispanic neighborhood that is owned by Hispanic sellers. He advertises the property in several Spanish-language community newspapers, thinking the most likely buyers would already be renting in the neighborhood. What additional step would best help him avoid charges of discrimination
Answer:
The salesperson should advertise the property in Portuguese-language community newspapers as well in papers that circulate beyond the community/neighborhood
Explanation:
The additional step to be taken by the sales person to help him avoid charges of discrimination would be The salesperson should advertise the property in Portuguese-language community newspapers.
This is because in a Hispanic neighborhood there are two major languages that are most probably spoken and written there and they are Spanish and Portuguese hence the salesperson has to advertises in both languages.as well in papers that circulate beyond the community/neighborhood
Nick manages a grocery store in a country experiencing a high rate of inflation. He is paid in cash twice per month. On payday, he immediately goes out and buys all the goods he will need over the next two weeks in order to prevent the money in his wallet from losing value. What he can't spend, he converts into a more stable foreign currency for a steep fee. This is an example of the of inflation.
Answer:
Shoe leather cost
Explanation:
Inflation is a persistent rise in general price levels.
shoe leather cost is the cost incurred by people that do not want to hold cash in a period of high inflation so as to avoid paying inflation tax.
Nick's shoe leather costs includes buying goods immediately he is paid and converting the money he cant spend into foreign currency
Global Enterprise Corporation, a U.S. firm, wishes to participate, but limit its involvement, in Middle Eastern markets. Global Enterprise empowers Alem, Ltd., a United Arab Emirates firm, to enter into contracts in certain countries on Global Enterprises behalf. This is
Answer: An agency relationship
Explanation:
An agency relationship is defined as
A relationship where a person known as a principal gives legal permissions to act on his or her behalf. It is a kind of fiduciary relationship.Here, the agent is a subject in the command of the principal and has to follow his or her instructions.Here , agent = Global Enterprise empowers Alem, Ltd.
principal = Global Enterprises
Hence, the correct answer is "an agency relationship".
Hancock Company has 900,000 shares authorized and 350,000 shares issued and outstanding of its $2 par value common stock. The stock is currently selling for $20 per share. If Hancock Company declared and distributed a 30% stock dividend, what journal entry would the company make
Answer:
Dr Retained Earnings 210,000
Cr Common Stock 210,000
Explanation:
Based on the information given we were told that the company has 350,000 shares issued with an outstanding of its $2 par value of common stock which means that if Company declared and as well distributed a 30% stock dividend, the transaction will be recorded as
Dr Retained Earnings 210,000
Cr Common Stock 210,000
(350,000 Shares *$2 par value common stock)
=$700,000*30%
=$210,000
Gondola Granola is an American health food grocery store chain with locations in 20 countries. When the company enters a new foreign market, it usually selects a combination of franchising and master subsidiaries. These master subsidiaries are joint ventures with local partners. Specifically, these joint ventures are politically more acceptable and they:________
a. help realize location and experience curve economies
b. avoid high transport costs.
c. ensure a steady stream of royalty payments.
d. tend to provide a higher control over technology
e. bring a degree of local knowledge to the subsidiary
Answer: e. bring a degree of local knowledge to the subsidiary
Explanation: According to the scenario described above, Gondola Granola having location in 20 countries makes it a foreign company in most of its countries where it is located. In other to thrive, Gondola Granola is partnering with local stores or companies (domestic companies in that country), this enables Gondola Granola to scale through most policy which might have hampered foreign establishment, These local partner also provides the required local knowledge or finesse which could aid Granola to thrive as they are more familiar with the culture of the country than the subsidiary.
Which of the following decisions is least likely to involve collaboration? Group of answer choices How much of product A should be ordered from vendor B? Should our company acquire company A? What products should we include in the new product line? What type of relationship should the company maintain with company A?
Answer:
How much of product A should be ordered from vendor B?
Explanation:
The decision that is least likely to involve collaboration is "What type of relationship should the company maintain with the other company?"
Collaboration simply means when people engage and discuss in order for the decision-making process.In order to know the product that should be included in the new product line, collaboration is essential because one will need to engage the different departments in the organization such as sales, marketing, etc. Everyone has to give their opinion on the issue.Also, "Should our company acquire another company ?" is a collaborative decision. This isn't a decision that can be decided by one person. Therefore, the correct option is "What type of relationship should the company maintain with the other company ?" as the decision can be taken by a top manager alone.In conclusion, the correct option is D
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A firm's marginal cost curve Group of answer choices always has a positive slope. always intersects its average cost curve at its minimum point. is always below its average cost curve. is always U-shaped.
Answer:
The correct answer is the first option: Always has a positive slope.
Explanation:
To begin with, the marginal cost curve of a firm is the graphical representation the relationship between the last unit produce and the cost of producing it. Therefore that this concept shows how much it cost to the company to produce one more unit of the product. Moreover, due to the fact that the relationship between the production and its costs are directly, the slope of the curve will be always positive, meaning that if the production increases then obviously the costs will increase but the cost per unit might decrease due to the volumen handle by the organization.
Gomez Corp. uses the allowance method to account for uncollectibles. On January 31, it wrote off an $2,100 account of a customer, C. Green. On March 9, it receives a $1,600 payment from Green.
Prepare the journal entry or entries for January 31.
Prepare the journal entry or entries for March 9; assume no additional money is expected from Green.
Answer: Please see answer in explanation column
Explanation:
a) Journal entry to write off an uncollectible amount.
Date Account Debit Credit
Jan 31st Allowance for doubtful accounts $2,100
Accounts receivable—C. Green $2,100
b) Journal to record recovery of the bad debt.
Date Account Debit Credit
Mar 9 Accounts receivable—C. Green $1,600
Allowance for doubtful accounts $1,600
c) Journal to record payment on account.
Date Account Debit Credit
Mar 9 Cash $1,600
Accounts receivable—C. Green $1,600
Soft and Silky, Inc. manufactures bedding sets. The budgeted production is for 53,000 comforters in 2017. Each comforter requires 6 yards of material. The estimated January 1, 2017, beginning inventory is 31,000 yards. The desired ending balance is 30,000 yards of material. If the material costs $1.50 per yard, determine the materials budget for 2017. a.$475,500 b.$385,500 c.$478,500 d.$477,000
Answer
Material purchase budget ($)= $475,500
Explanation:
The material purchases budget is determined by adding the the closing stock of materials to the material usage budget and subtracting the opening inventory of materials.
Material purchase budget= Material usage budget + closing inventory - opening inventory
Material usage budget = Production budget × standard quantity per unit
= 53,00 × 6 yards = 318,000
Material purchase budget(quantity) = 318000 + 30,000 - 31,000 = 317,000
Material purchase budget ($) = Material purchase budget (in quantity) × standard price
= 317,000× $1.50 = $475,500
Material purchase budget ($)= $475,500
Consider the following year-end information for Spitzer Corporation: Cost of goods sold $420,000 Sales revenue 800,000 Nonoperating expenses 10,000 Operating expenses 170,000 Income tax expense 80,000 What amount will Spitzer report for operating income
Answer:
$210,000
Explanation:
operating income or EBIT = net sales revenue - cost of goods sold - operating expenses
in this case:
EBIT = $800,000 - $420,000 - $170,000 = $210,000
net income = EBIT - non-operating expenses - income taxes = $210,000 - $10,000 - $80,000 = $120,000
The Karaoke Channel Online streams professional-grade karaoke for $9.95 a month. Suppose Karaoke Channel Online has a constant marginal cost of $1 per customer and total fixed cost is $20,000. The profit maximizing number of customers is 10,000. Several competitors start to advertise online. Karaoke Channel Online now spends $5,000 a month on advertising and the profit maximizing number of customers increases to 12,000 and the streaming price remains constant. What is Karaoke Channel Online's total profit after the advertising begins?
Marcia was describing a humorous ad to her friend, who asked her what product it was for. She said she didn’t know because there were so many ads on TV that she got them all mixed up. This demonstrates the problem advertisers have with ___________.
Answer: clutter
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed that Marcia was describing a humorous ad to her friend, who asked her what product it was for and she said she didn’t know because there were so many ads on TV that she got them all mixed up.
This problem is referred to as clutter.
Advertising clutter is a problem with marketing as people are sometimes annoyed by ads which they see in unfamiliar places.
Use commercial bank and Federal Reserve Bank balance sheets to demonstrate the immediate effect of each of the following transactions on commercial bank reserves. Assume that the initial reserve ratio is 20 percent. Fill in the new balances in the column in the balance sheets that correspond with each of the following transactions. Consider each transaction separately, not cumulatively.
a. Federal Reserve Banks purchase $2 billion worth of securities from banks.
b. Commercial banks borrow $1 billion from Federal Reserve Banks at the discount rate.
c. The Fed reduces the reserve ratio from 20 percent to 19 percent.
Instructions: Enter your answers as whole numbers in the gray-shaded cells of both tables below.
Answer:
Following are the explanation of the given points:
Explanation:
In choice (a):
The Fed was expected to purchase securities worth $2 billion, in will consist of up to two billion dollars, which adds the vales $ 40 and $2s equal to $42 billion and it minimizes securities by two billion Dollars (60-2$=58 billion dollars). The reserves required for a demand of 200 billion dollars are $40 billion (= 20% of 200 billion dollars).
The excess assets are two billion dollars (= 42 billion dollars-40 billion dollars) as well as the financial system will add 10 billion dollars more (= 2 billion dollars x 5) to the supply of money (by lending money).
In choice (b):
The Financial banks are expected to borrow from the Fed $1 billion. In the financial institutions, it can now raise (by loaning money) its supply of cash by 5 billion dollars (= $1 billion * 5).
In choice (c):
The adjustment throughout the reserve ratio doesn't change the balance sheets itself. If either the reserve ratio is assumed reported having reduced from 20% to 19%, then assets required currently stand at $38 billion (= 19% of $200 billion (= 0.19 x 200 = $38 billion), with financial institutions still able to increase their capital (by loans) by $10.53 billion (= $2 billion (1/0.19)). Proof: $210.53 billion 19% is $40 billion.
Following are the attachment of the table:
Suppose the government is concerned about firms in the United States importing illegal caviar. As a result, the government increases border patrols to catch illegal shipments. U.S. Customs agents perform DNA testing on the caviar to determine if it comes from endangered species of fish. If so, the government destroys the caviar.
What would we expect to observe in the caviar market?
Answer:
C
Explanation:
here are the options to this question
a. equilibrium prices and quantities will increase.
b. equilibrium prices will increase by more if the demand for caviar is elastic than if demand is inelastic.
c. total revenues to caviar firms will increase if the demand for caviar is inelastic.
d. all of the above are correct
As a result of the increased government scrutiny of caviar, the supply of caviar would fall and a result of this, prices would rise.
if prices rise and demand is inelastic, the total revenue of caviar firms would rise.
Demand is inelastic if a small change in price has little or no effect on quantity demanded. The absolute value of elasticity would be less than one
As a result of the rise in price of caviar, there would be little or no change in quantity demanded and total revenue of these firms would rise
A low-cost leader can translate its low-cost advantage over rivals into superior profit performance by Multiple Choice cutting its price to levels significantly below the prices of rivals. using its low-cost edge to underprice competitors and attract price-sensitive buyers in large enough numbers to increase total profits or refraining from price cutting and using the low-cost advantage to earn a higher profit margin on each unit sold. going all out to use its cost advantage to capture a dominant share of the market. spending heavily on advertising to promote the fact that it charges the lowest prices in the industry. outproducing rivals and thus having more units available to sell.
Answer: using its low-cost edge to underprice competitors and attract price-sensitive buyers in large enough numbers to increase total profits or refraining from price cutting and using the low-cost advantage to earn a higher profit margin on each unit sold.
Explanation:
A low cost leader is a type of leader that is concerned with giving out low prices for its customers.
It should be noted that a low-cost leader can translate its low-cost advantage over rivals into superior profit performance by using the low-cost edge in order ro underprice its competitors. Also, the low cost strategy will lead to more profit.
Business strategy sets the overall direction for the business; while the IT strategy defines what information, ISs, and architecture are needed to support the business and how infrastructure and services are to be delivered. Select one: True False
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
Business strategy sets the overall direction for the business; while the IT strategy defines what information, information system strategy (ISs), and architecture are needed to support the business and how infrastructure and services are to be delivered.
Business strategy sets the overall direction for the business; it focuses on defining how a business would achieve its goals, objectives, and mission; as well as the funds and material resources required to implement or execute the business plan.
The information technology (IT) strategy is an integral part of the business strategy because it presents the technological or technical framework and infrastructure required to achieve a successful business plan, objectives, mission and goals.
One operator services a bank of five machines. Machine running time and service time are both exponential. Machines run for an average of 74 minutes between service requirements, and service time averages 26 minutes. The operator receives $25 per hour in salary and fringe benefits, and machine downtime costs $78 per hour per machine.
If each machine produces 65 pieces per hour while running, find the average hourly output of each machine, when waiting and service times are taken into account.(Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Average hourly output ______________________ pieces
Answer:
Average hourly output is 13.14 pieces.
Explanation:
Number of machines at the bank N = 5
Average service time T = 26 min
Machine runs for an Average R = 74 min
Number of servers M = 1
Service Factor, X = T / (T+R)
= 26 / (26+74)
= 0.26
Efficiency Factor, F = 0.683
Average Number of machine running A = N * F * (1 - X)
= 5 * 0.683 * (1 - 0.26)
= 2.52
Output rate = 26 * (A / N)
= 26 * ( 2.52 / 5)
= 13.14 per hour.
Albert purchased a tract of land for $140,000 in 2016 when he heard that a new highway was going to be constructed through the property and that the land would soon be worth $200,000. Highway engineers surveyed the property and indicated that he would probably get $180,000. The highway project was abandoned in 2019 and the value of the land fell to $100,000. What is the amount of loss Albert can claim in 2019? a.$100,000 b.$60,000 c.$40,000 d.$80,000 e.None of these choices are correct.
Answer: e.None of these choices are correct.
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed that Albert purchased a tract of land for $140,000 in 2016 when he heard that a new highway was going to be constructed through the property and that the land would soon be worth $200,000. Highway engineers surveyed the property and indicated that he would probably get $180,000. The highway project was abandoned in 2019 and the value of the land fell to $100,000.
Albert cannot claim any loss as there was no transaction. We were not told the he sold the land so neither did he gain or make a loss.
The Texas state _________ commissioner is an elected official responsible for administration and oversight of state-owned lands and coastal lands extending 10.3 miles into the Gulf of Mexico. (Remember to type only one word in the blank.)
Answer:
Land.
Explanation:
In the U.S. State of Texas, the Texas General Land Office is an agency of the Texas state. This agency is responsible for overseeing lands and mineral rights resources that are under the ownership of the state. This agency is headed by the Land Commissioner of the Texas State. The constitutional purpose of the agency was to "supervise, execute and employ all acts that touch the public lands of Texas.
PLEASE HELP!
why is liquidating the lease a desirable option for a harvest plan?
A. it is done only if an initial public offering fails
B. it is a time-consuming and labor intensive option
C. the business will likely lose money when liquidating
D. it is the least creative business solution
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Lease liquidation is a practice of cancelling a lease agreement before the expiration of the initially agreed lease period which may be as a result of some unforeseen situation at the the time of forming lease.
Harvest plan on the other hand is a way of reducing spending on a product that is approaching its end of its life cycle in order to maximize profit.
Liquidating the lease should be a less desirable option compared to harvest plan as the business will likely loose money when liquidating a lease
is a sales representative for a supply company. He travels most of the week and is typically away from the office. Scott is able to access information within the company, such as product and customer information, by using a(n) grapevine system. intranet. circle network. all-channel network. chain network.
Answer:
intranet
Explanation:
In simple words, An intranet refers to the virtual network for knowledge exchange, communication resources, operating systems and most computing facilities within an entity, typically to the detriment of foreigners.
Often, an intranet is now in comparison to that of an extranet. Although an intranet remains usually limited to the organisation's staff, clients , vendors and perhaps other permitted entities could also be authorized to view extranets.
Greg was looking at different websites to complete his paper for his accounting class. He found several websites that ended in .org, .gov, and .edu. He was unsure about franksmith.net, created by Frank Smith, which gave him a lot of information that he thought was important. Which best describes how Greg could find more information about the website to check for its validation?
In this question the options are missing; here are the options:
Which best describes how Greg could find more information about the website to check for its validation?
Greg could assume it is valid because it is a .net.
Greg could look at the contact page to validate Frank's expertise.
Greg could look to see if the website was updated recently,
Greg could assume it is valid since Frank is not selling anything.
The answer to this question is B. Greg could look at the contact page to validate Frank's expertise.
Explanation:
One of the key factors that make a source to be credible is the expertise of the author because if the author is an expert in the area, the source is generally considered as credible. For example, the words of Isaac Newton are a credible source if these are related to areas such as maths, physics, or astronomy because he was an expert in this area. In this context, one way Greg could validate this source is by checking who is Frank Smith to verify if he is an expert in the topic. This makes option B correct.
Answer:B) Greg could look at the contact page to validate Frank’s expertise.
Explanation: Got it correct, edu.23
"A 65-year old retired teacher living on a pension has $200,000 invested in 2 year certificates of deposit that are yielding 4%. $20,000 of the CDs are maturing and the customer wants to diversify into an investment that gives a higher return and a moderate level of risk. The BEST recommendation would be:"
Answer:
Equity REIT's
Explanation:
In this scenario, it can be said that the best recommendation would be Equity REIT's. These are Real Estate Investment Trusts. REIT's tend to pay a higher dividend yield than most other types of stocks since they have been structured to generate net rental income. While maintaining the risk level moderate due to the underlying diversification of the trust itself. Therefore since the yield is higher and the risk level moderate this is the best next investment for the teacher to get into.
Suppose OPEC succeeds in raising world oil prices by 300 percent. This price increase causes inventors to look at alternative sources of fuel for internal-combustion engines. A hydrogen-powered engine is developed which is cheaper to operate than gasoline engines. Which problems in the construction of the CPI does this situation represent?
Answer:
A. Substitution bias and the introduction of new goods.
Explanation:
The Consumer price index is a measure of the overall cost of goods and services (usually measured in fixed basket), purchased by a consumer in a year as compared to previous years. It gives the government and economists an idea of the cost of living of individuals in a nation. Some problems of the CPI include
1. Substitution Bias: The CPI assumes that prices of goods and services change in a fixed way as the years go by. It also does not consider the fact that sometimes some customers have preference for expensive items compare with the less expensive items. This is reflected in the OPEC case where it is automatically assumed that customers would prefer the cheaper hydrogen-powered engines to the gasoline engines.
2. Introduction of New goods: The CPI fails to recognize that new goods would enter a market because the CPI assumes a fixed basket of items and products. The introduction of new goods would affect comparisons to previous years' CPIs. The new good invented in the above case is the hydrogen-powered engine.