a. Using the DCF approach, the cost of common equity can be calculated as follows:
Cost of common equity = (D1/P0) + g
Where D1 is the expected dividend at the end of the current year, P0 is the current stock price, and g is the expected growth rate.
Cost of common equity = ($2.52/$21.25) + 0.05
Cost of common equity = 0.1186 + 0.05
Cost of common equity = 0.1686 or 16.86%
b. Using the CAPM approach, the cost of common equity can be calculated as follows:
Cost of common equity = Rf + β(Rm - Rf)
Where Rf is the risk-free rate, β is the beta of the stock, and Rm is the average return on the market.
Cost of common equity = 0.06 + 0.60(0.13 - 0.06)
Cost of common equity = 0.06 + 0.60(0.07)
Cost of common equity = 0.06 + 0.042
Cost of common equity = 0.102 or 10.2%
c. Using the bond-yield-plus-risk-premium approach, the cost of common equity can be calculated as follows:
Cost of common equity = Bond yield + Risk premium
Cost of common equity = 0.10 + 0.04
Cost of common equity = 0.14 or 14%
d. If you have equal confidence in the inputs used for the three approaches, you can calculate the average of the three estimates to get an estimate of Callahan's cost of common equity.
Cost of common equity = (16.86% + 10.2% + 14%)/3
Cost of common equity = 13.69%
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How do you feel about extension and continuous training to
prevent cyber attacks?
Do you think this will make a noticeable difference?
What other prevention measures can be taken?
Extension and continuous training can play a significant role in preventing cyber attacks. By keeping employees up-to-date on the latest threats organizations can reduce the likelihood of successful attacks.
strong password policies, using firewalls and antivirus software other prevention measures can be taken.
This type of training can also help employees identify and respond to suspicious activity, preventing potential breaches before they occur.
In addition to extension and continuous training, there are several other measures that can be taken to prevent cyber attacks.
These include implementing strong password policies, using firewalls and antivirus software, and regularly updating software and systems to address vulnerabilities. It is also important to have a comprehensive incident response plan in place in the event of a cyber attack.
Overall, while extension and continuous training alone may not be enough to prevent all cyber attacks, it can make a noticeable difference when combined with other prevention measures.
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Suppose that for retirement purposes, over the course of 20 years, you make monthly deposits of $380.00 into an account that pays an annual interest rate of 3.339% compounded monthly. After those 20 years, you then want to make monthly withdrawals for 23 years, reducing the balance in the account to zero dollars.
a) Find the amount of money you have accumulated in the account over the first 20 years:
b) How much should you withdrawing monthly from your account so that the balance reaches zero dollars after the final 23 years?
(Note: Include a dollar sign in your answers. Round your answers to the nearest penny.)
The amount of money you have accumulated in the account over the first 20 years is $104,623.31. You should withdrawing $8,131.82 monthly from your account so that the balance reaches zero dollars after the final 23 years.
To find the amount of money accumulated in the account over the first 20 years, we can use the formula for the future value of an annuity:
FV = PMT × [(1 + i)^n - 1] / i
Where FV is the future value, PMT is the monthly payment, i is the monthly interest rate, and n is the number of months.
For this problem, PMT = $380.00, i = 3.339% / 12 = 0.003349, and n = 20 years × 12 months/year = 240 months.
Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
FV = $380.00 × [(1 + 0.003349)^240 - 1] / 0.003349
FV = $380.00 × 9.2171 / 0.003349
FV = $104,623.31
So the amount of money accumulated in the account over the first 20 years is $104,623.31.
To find the monthly withdrawal amount for the next 23 years, we can use the formula for the present value of an annuity:
PV = PMT × [1 - (1 + i)^-n] / i
Where PV is the present value, PMT is the monthly payment, i is the monthly interest rate, and n is the number of months.
For this problem, PV = $104,623.31, i = 0.003349, and n = 23 years × 12 months/year = 276 months.
Plugging these values into the formula and solving for PMT, we get:
$104,623.31 = PMT × [1 - (1 + 0.003349)^-276] / 0.003349
$104,623.31 = PMT × 12.862
PMT = $104,623.31 / 12.862
PMT = $8,131.82
So the monthly withdrawal amount for the next 23 years is $8,131.82.
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COURSE: FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT.
An evaluation of the appropriate sources of financing by MAYBANK MALAYSIA.
PLEASE ANSWER ASAP (1i). You are required to list down the appropriate sources of financing either short-term, medium-term, or long-term financing offered by the chosen by Maybank.
(ii) You are to critically comment on each of the sources of financing in terms of advantages and disadvantages of each source of financing. Your comments should include references to the business and other relevant factors identified from the financial institution and/or external sources.
(iii) All facts must be interpreted.
(i). MAYBANK MALAYSIA offers a variety of funding sources with varying timeframes. These include:
(ii). Each of these sources of funding has its own strengths and weaknesses:
Bank overdrafts are flexible short-term funding sources that can be used to cover temporary liquidity constraints. However, they usually have higher interest rates than other forms of financing and can be terminated by banks at any time.Trade finance is used to finance international trade transactions and helps companies manage cash flow and reduce the risks associated with international trade. However, it can be complicated and requires a thorough understanding of international trade regulations.Working capital loans are used to finance the day-to-day operations of the company. They are usually short-term and have lower interest rates than bank overdrafts. However, collateral may be required and may be difficult to obtain for companies with poor credit ratings. Term loans are used to finance large purchases and investments such as machinery and real estate. They typically offer lower interest rates than short-term financing options, but require collateral and come with tighter repayment terms. Installment payments allow companies to acquire assets without paying full cost upfront. However, the company does not own the assets until the final payment is made and interest rates can be higher than other forms of financing. Leasing allows a company to use an asset without owning it. This is beneficial for businesses that need to upgrade their equipment on a regular basis. However, the company does not own the assets and may pay more in the long run. Project finance is used to finance major projects such as infrastructure and energy projects. Multiple lenders are usually involved and arrangements can be complicated. However, it can be an effective way to fund large projects that may be too risky for a single lender.Islamic finance is based on Islamic principles and can be an attractive option for companies wishing to adhere to these principles. However, it can be more complex than traditional finance and may require a thorough understanding of Islamic finance principles.Syndicated loans involve multiple lenders and can be used to finance large projects and acquisitions. They typically offer lower interest rates than other forms of financing, but can be complex to arrange and require more extensive due diligence.(iii. In summary, MAYBANK MALAYSIA offers a variety of sources of funding over a range of time periods for companies of all sizes. Each funding source has its own strengths and weaknesses, and businesses should carefully consider their needs and funding terms before making a decision.
Maybank Malaysia, also known as Malayan Banking Berhad, is one of the largest banking groups in Malaysia. It was founded in 1960 and offers a wide range of financial services to its customers, including personal banking, commercial banking, investment banking, and Islamic banking. Maybank Malaysia has a strong presence in Malaysia and operates through a network of branches, ATMs, and digital channels. It also has a presence in other countries in Southeast Asia, as well as in China, Hong Kong, and the United States. The bank is committed to providing innovative and convenient financial solutions to its customers and has won numerous awards for its products and services.
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Distinguish between a primary and a secondary market and discuss
the relationship between the two types of market.
The relationship between the primary and secondary markets is that the primary market creates the securities that are traded in the secondary market
A primary market is a financial market where new securities are issued and sold to the public for the first time. This is where companies, governments, or public sector institutions raise capital through the sale of new securities such as stocks, bonds, or other financial instruments. The primary market is also known as the new issue market or the IPO market.
A secondary market, on the other hand, is where existing securities are traded among investors. This is where securities that have already been issued and sold in the primary market are bought and sold among investors. The secondary market is also known as the aftermarket or the stock market.
The primary market is where companies raise capital through the sale of new securities, while the secondary market is where investors trade those securities. The primary market is important because it provides companies with the capital they need to grow and expand, while the secondary market is important because it provides investors with a way to buy and sell securities and to make a profit from their investments. Both markets are essential components of the financial system and play important roles in the functioning of the economy.
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Pick one government agency or department and discuss the following questions.
1. Does the organization take full advantage of the technologies available for decision support? Explain why you think so or why you disagree by giving a specific example(s).
One government agency that I will discuss in this answer is the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
In my opinion, the HHS does take full advantage of the technologies available for decision support. One specific example of this is their use of data analytics to identify patterns and trends in healthcare data. This allows the HHS to make informed decisions about healthcare policies and programs.
Additionally, the HHS utilizes technologies such as electronic health records and telehealth to improve patient care and reduce healthcare costs. These technologies allow for more efficient and effective decision-making within the agency.
Overall, the HHS's use of technology for decision support helps them to better serve the American public and improve healthcare outcomes.
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A bank manager lends a client $1,000,000 for six months. The corporate borrower repays $1,050,000 in six months. The bank charges a $1,000 fee to set up the loan. What is the EAR or effective annual rate on the loan?
The Effective annual rate on the loan are 5.0625%.
The EAR or effective annual rate on the loan is the annual rate of interest that accounts for the effects of compounding.
In this case, the bank manager lends a client $1,000,000 for six months and the corporate borrower repays $1,050,000 in six months. The bank also charges a $1,000 fee to set up the loan.
To calculate the EAR, we need to use the following formula:
EAR = (1 + r/n)^(n) - 1
Where r is the annual interest rate, and n is the number of compounding periods per year.
In this case, r = ($1,050,000 - $1,000,000)/$1,000,000 = 0.05 or 5%
And n = 2, since the loan is for six months and there are two six-month periods in a year.
Plugging in the values into the formula, we get:
EAR = (1 + 0.05/2)^(2) - 1
EAR = 1.025^2 - 1
EAR = 1.050625 - 1
EAR = 0.050625 or 5.0625%
Therefore, the EAR or effective annual rate on the loan is 5.0625%.
It is important to note that the $1,000 fee is not included in the calculation of the EAR, as it is a one-time charge and not part of the interest rate.
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Morrigan Department Stores (The Ethics of Forced Software Upgrading)Morrigan Department Stores is a chain of department stores in Australia, New Zealand,Canada, and the United States that sells clothing, shoes, and similar consumer items in aretail setting. The top managers and their staff members meet once a year at the nationalmeeting. This year’s meeting took place in Hawaii—a geographical midpoint for them—andseveral accounting managers participated in a round-table discussion that went as follows:Roberta Gardner (United States): One of our biggest problems in our Aukland office isthe high cost and seemingly constant need to upgrade our hardware and software. Everytime our government changes the tax laws, of course, we must acquire software that reflects those changes. But why do we need new hardware too? All this discussion of‘‘64-bit machines’’ is a mystery to me, but the IT department says the hardware in the oldmachines quickly become outdated.Donalda Shadbolt (New Zealand): I’ll say! If you ask me, all these upgrades are costly,time consuming, and even counter-productive. I do a lot of work on spreadsheets, forexample, and constantly ask myself: ‘‘Why do I have to spend hours relearning how toformat a simple column of numbers in the newest version of Excel?’’ It takes time andeffort, it’s frustrating, and in the end, I’ve spent hours relearning skills that I already knowhowtodointheolderversion.Linda Vivianne (Canada): I know what you mean, but the newer hardware is faster,cheaper, and more capable than the old machines. Hard drives have moving parts in them,for example, and they eventually wear out. The newer software runs under the neweroperating systems, which are also more competent and have more built in security such asantivirus software.Ed Ghymn (Australia): I agree with you, Linda, but I think a lot of these new capabilitiesare more hype than real. If the security software was competent, we wouldn’t need allthose patches and upgrades in the first place. And why must we upgrade so often, just toget newer capabilities that most of us don’t even need?Alex McLeod (Australia): I don’t think anyone can stop the march of progress. I think thereal problem is not the upgrades to new software, but the fact that our company expects usto learn it without proper training. Personally, I don’t buy my boss’s argument that ‘‘you’rea professional and should learn it on your own.’’Linda Vivianne (Canada): I’m also beginning to realize just what advantages there arein outsourcing some of our accounting applications to cloud service providers. Thatwon’t solve all our problems because we all still need word processing and spreadsheetcapabilities, but at least we can let cloud providers deal with the software upgrades for ouraccounting software. Given how dispersed we are, that might also make it easier for us toconsolidate our financial statements at year’s end too.
Questions:
1. Do you think that Roberta Gardner’s description of "64-bit machines is accurate? Why or why not?
2. Many software vendors such as Microsoft, Adobe and Apple ship software packages with both known and unknown defects in them. Do you feel that it is ethical for them to do so? Why or why not?
3. Do you agree or disagree with the argument made in this case that many hardware and software upgrade are unnecessary? Why?
Roberta Gardner's description of "64-bit machines" is not entirely accurate, It is not ethical for software vendors to ship software packages with known defects in them and partially agree with the argument that many hardware and software upgrades are unnecessary.
1. Roberta Gardner's description of "64-bit machines" is not entirely accurate. she does not provide a clear explanation of what "64-bit machines" are and how they differ from other machines.This is important for running newer software and operating systems, which often require more processing power and memory.
2. It is not ethical for software vendors to ship software packages with known defects in them. This is because it can lead to problems for the end user, such as crashes, data loss, and security vulnerabilities. It is the responsibility of the software vendor to thoroughly test their products and ensure that they are free of defects before releasing them to the public.
3. I partially agree with the argument that many hardware and software upgrades are unnecessary. While it is true that some upgrades may not provide significant benefits to the end user, it is also important to recognize that many upgrades are necessary for security and compatibility reasons.
For example, software vendors often release updates to address security vulnerabilities and ensure that their software is compatible with newer operating systems and hardware.
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Mohammad Abdulla's Electric House
31, December 2021
Unadjusted Trail balance
Cash $200,000
Accounts Receivable 10,000
Supply 1,000
Prepaid Insurance 12,000
Equipment 80,000
Accumulated depreciation-Equipment $5,000
Accounts payable 15,000
Unearned service revenue 6,000
Loan payable 50,000
Owner’s Capital 184,000
Owner’s Drawings 2,000
Service Revenues 55,000
Salaries expense 8,000
Cleaning expense 2,000
$315,000 $315,000
1. Supplies on hand revealed at 31, December $300.
2. Prepaid insurance was paid on 1 July 2021 for 12 months.
3. Interest expense due on loan payable for last 4 months. Quarterly interest rate is 3%.
4. Salary expense per day $500, December 31 is Wednesday. Employees are paid on Monday for
the preceding 5 days work week.
5. One third of the unearned service revenue has been earned.
To prepare the adjusted trial balance for Mohammad Abdulla's Electric House as of December 31, 2021, we need to make the following adjustments:
Supplies on hand revealed at 31, December $300.
Prepaid insurance was paid on 1 July 2021 for 12 months. Therefore, the amount of prepaid insurance that has been used up until December 31, 2021, is 6 months * $12,000/12 = $6,000.
Interest expense due on loan payable for last 4 months. Quarterly interest rate is 3%. The interest expense for 4 months is calculated as follows: $50,000 * 3% * 4/12 = $500.
Salary expense per day $500, December 31 is Wednesday. Employees are paid on Monday for the preceding 5 days work week. Therefore, the accrued salary expense for December 31 is calculated as follows: 3 days * $500/day = $1,500.
One third of the unearned service revenue has been earned. Therefore, the amount of earned service revenue is $6,000 * 1/3 = $2,000.
Adjusted trial balance for Mohammad Abdulla's Electric House as of December 31, 2021:
Cash $200,000
Accounts Receivable 10,000
Supplies 300
Prepaid Insurance 6,000
Equipment 80,000
Accumulated depreciation-Equipment 5,000
Accounts payable 15,000
Interest payable 500
Unearned service revenue 4,000
Loan payable 50,000
Owner’s Capital 184,000
Owner’s Drawings 2,000
Service Revenues 57,000
Salaries expense 9,500
Cleaning expense 2,000
Total $348,300 $348,300
Note that the supplies account has been adjusted to reflect the $300 of supplies on hand at the end of the year. The prepaid insurance account has been adjusted to reflect the $6,000 of prepaid insurance that has been used up. An interest payable account has been added to reflect the interest expense that has accrued on the loan payable. The unearned service revenue account has been adjusted to reflect the $4,000 of unearned service revenue that has not yet been earned. The service revenue and salary expense accounts have been adjusted to reflect the earned service revenue and accrued salary expense.
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A company has average operating assets of $500,000 throughout the year. It has the following summarized income statement for the year ended December 31, 2019: $900,800 600,000 300,800 Revenues Cost of goods sold Gross profit Administrative expenses Income before interest and taxes Interest expense Income before taxes Income tax expense 150.200 150,600 62.000 88,600 36.000 Net income $52,600 What is the ROI for this company? (round your answer to 2 decimal places as a percentage.) a) 30.12% b) 35.27% c) 35.62% d) 60.12%
Therefore, the correct answer is none of the options provided. The ROI for this company is 10.52%.
The ROI (Return on Investment) for a company is calculated by dividing the net income by the average operating assets and then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage.
ROI = Margin on sales X asset turnover.
Now let's clarify what each of these things is:
Margin on sales: it is the result obtained from the calculation of profits / sales.
Asset rotation: this is the result obtained from the calculation of average total sales / assets.
In this case, the net income is $52,600 and the average operating assets are $500,000.
ROI = (Net income / Average operating assets) x 100
ROI = ($52,600 / $500,000) x 100
ROI = 0.1052 x 100
ROI = 10.52%
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2. As a department supervisor, what decision(s) should Destiny make in regard to this romance?
As a supervisor, Destiny has a responsibility to maintain a professional and fair work environment for all employees.
What decision(s) should Destiny make in regard to this romance?
Address the situation with the employees involved: Destiny should have a private conversation with the employees involved in the romance and make it clear that their behavior should not affect their work performance or the work of their colleagues.
Establish clear workplace policies: Destiny should establish clear policies regarding workplace relationships and communicate them to all employees. This can include guidelines on how to conduct themselves professionally while at work and the consequences of violating these policies.
Consider reassigning one of the employees: Depending on the situation and the nature of the work, Destiny may consider reassigning one of the employees involved in the romance to a different team or department to avoid any potential conflicts of interest.
Seek advice from HR: If the company has a human resources department, Destiny should seek their advice on how to handle the situation in a professional and legal manner.
Overall, Destiny's decisions should prioritize maintaining a professional work environment while also respecting the privacy and personal lives of her employees.
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3. How many days are in the operating cycle if the cash cycle is70 days, inventory period is 72 days, and accounts payable periodis 29 days? round final answer to 2 decimals
There are 99 days in the operating cycle if the cash cycle is 70 days, inventory period is 72 days, and accounts payable period is 29 days.
The operating cycle is the sum of the inventory period and the accounts receivable period. In this case, we are given the cash cycle, inventory period, and accounts payable period. We can use these values to find the accounts receivable period and then calculate the operating cycle.
First, we need to find the accounts receivable period. The cash cycle is equal to the operating cycle minus the accounts payable period. Rearranging this equation gives us:
Operating cycle = Cash cycle + Accounts payable period
Substituting in the given values:
Operating cycle = 70 days + 29 days = 99 days
Now we can find the accounts receivable period by subtracting the inventory period from the operating cycle:
Accounts receivable period = Operating cycle - Inventory period = 99 days - 72 days = 27 days
Finally, we can calculate the operating cycle by adding the inventory period and the accounts receivable period:
Operating cycle = Inventory period + Accounts receivable period = 72 days + 27 days = 99 days
Therefore, the operating cycle is 99 days.
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Cite a specific example of the application of gross profitvariance analysis. How will it help the company in its decisionmaking?
Gross profit variance analysis is a financial tool that is used to determine the difference between the actual gross profit and the budgeted gross profit. It helps companies to identify any discrepancies in their financial performance and make informed decisions to improve profitability.
One specific example of the application of gross profit variance analysis is in the retail industry. A retail company may use gross profit variance analysis to compare the actual gross profit of a particular product with the budgeted gross profit. If the actual gross profit is lower than the budgeted gross profit, the company may decide to increase the selling price of the product, decrease the cost of goods sold, or discontinue the product altogether.
By using gross profit variance analysis, the company can identify the areas of their business that are underperforming and take corrective action to improve their profitability. This helps the company to make informed decisions and achieve its financial goals.
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Seventh Generation is the company being discussed.After this week’s reading and discussion, share in a journal assignment whether and how your view of the organization reviewed within the Module One discussion topic changed. Are you able to better identify benefits among certain organizational theories? Explain the theory and the specific benefit(s) (e.g., employee satisfaction, diversity, etc.).Examine the internal and external culture through the lens of behavioral indicators, and offer suggestions to increase organizational results.
Seventh Generation is a company focused on creating products that are safe and environmentally responsible.
After reading and discussing this week's material, my view of Seventh Generation changed. I was able to better identify the benefits of certain organizational theories such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which encourages employees to strive for self-actualization and ultimately contribute more to the organization.
I was also able to identify benefits such as increased employee satisfaction and diversity that come with having a diverse and inclusive workplace. I believe the internal and external culture of the organization can be improved through the implementation of various behavioral indicators.
This could include encouraging feedback, developing a stronger sense of belonging among employees, and providing training to increase the skills of employees. These actions would lead to greater results for the organization.
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Your firm is the auditor of Trent Textiles, and you are planning your audit work on the inventory count, which will be carried out at the firm’s year end of 31 May. Trent Textiles manufactures knitted garments, including pullovers. The production process comprises: (a) Knitting the individual components (eg body and arms). (b) Sewing the components together to form the finished garment. (c) Cleaning, finishing, pressing, and folding the garments. (d) Packing the garments, ready for dispatch to the customer.
Trent Textiles does not have a perpetual inventory system, so the value of the stock in the accounts is found from the inventory count at the year end. For management purposes, Trent Textiles carries out a full stocktake every three months.
Your permanent file of the company confirms that it has a single factory and no internal audit department.
You have been asked by the manager in charge of the audit to suggest the work you will perform at the stages listed below.
Required:
You are required to describe:
(a) The work you will carry out prior to the commencement of the inventory count. (b) The procedures you will check and the work you will carry out during the inventory count to ensure the company’s staff have accurately recorded the stock.
Prior to the commencement of the inventory count, I would suggest performing a few key audit procedures, including analyzing the inventory system for internal control deficiencies, understanding the inventory control policies and procedures, reviewing historical counts and testing the accuracy of inventory records. Additionally, I would recommend assessing the risk of material misstatement and the likelihood of stock obsolescence.
During the inventory count, I would check that the procedures carried out by the company’s staff are accurate and that they are in line with the inventory control policies and procedures. This includes verifying the accuracy of the stocktake sheets, conducting a physical inspection of the items, tracing items to source documents, and analyzing the results of the count.
To ensure a successful audit, it is important to complete all the necessary audit procedures and perform an inventory count. This will help to identify any areas of material misstatement, inaccuracies, and deficiencies in the inventory control system. By performing an audit of the inventory, I can ensure that the company’s staff have accurately recorded the stock and that all procedures are in line with the inventory control policies and procedures.
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Golf Course Sensors (GCS) is now up and running and has created financial models and budgets for next year. GCS is forecast to sell 1,000 robots next year each at a price of $15K each. The company expects to incur variable costs at 43% of revenues. And the company has forecast fixed costs including depreciation at $4.2M next year. The company pays taxes at 20% and has no debt.
a) Based on these assumptions, what is the forecast pre-tax operating income?
b) Based on these assumptions, what is the company’s degree of operating leverage?
a) The forecast pre-tax operating income is $4.35M.
b) The company’s degree of operating leverage is 1.97.
a) The forecast pre-tax operating income can be calculated by subtracting the variable costs and fixed costs from the total revenue.
Total revenue = 1,000 robots * $15K each = $15M
Variable costs = 43% of revenues = 0.43 * $15M = $6.45M
Fixed costs = $4.2M
Pre-tax operating income = Total revenue - Variable costs - Fixed costs
= $15M - $6.45M - $4.2M
= $4.35M
Therefore, the forecast pre-tax operating income is $4.35M.
b) The company's degree of operating leverage can be calculated by dividing the contribution margin by the pre-tax operating income.
Contribution margin = Total revenue - Variable costs = $15M - $6.45M = $8.55M
Pre-tax operating income = $4.35M
Degree of operating leverage = Contribution margin / Pre-tax operating income
= $8.55M / $4.35M
= 1.97
Therefore, the company's degree of operating leverage is 1.97.
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a. A little background about Netflix and its CRM
b. What are the strategies used by Netflix for CRM? The focus
should be more on social media CRM
a. Netflix is an American media services provider founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph. It is one of the world's leading streaming services, with more than 167 million paid subscribers across 190 countries. Netflix's Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is its customer data management system, used to collect and store customer data, such as contact information and purchasing habits.
b. Netflix uses a variety of strategies for its CRM. One of these is personalization. Netflix uses customer data to create tailored content for customers. For example, by tracking customers’ viewing habits, Netflix can suggest content that would be most interesting for customers. Netflix also uses customer data to target its advertisements. Another strategy used by Netflix for its CRM is its focus on social media. Netflix leverages its large presence on social media to create customer relationships. By engaging with customers on social media, Netflix can learn more about their preferences and create a personalized customer experience.
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Explain each of the following financial derivatives
and their common underlying assets, accompanied by an example of
each. Future contract, forward contract, call option, and put
option.
A future contract is a type of derivative financial instrument in which two parties agree to transact a set of financial instruments at a future date and at a predetermined price. An example of a future contract would be an agreement to purchase gold at a set price at some point in the future.
A forward contract is similar to a future contract in that two parties agree to transact a set of financial instruments at a future date and at a predetermined price, however, forward contracts are not traded on an exchange and are customized to the needs of the parties involved. An example of a forward contract would be an agreement to purchase 10,000 shares of company XYZ stock at a set price at some point in the future.
A call option is a type of derivative financial instrument in which the buyer of the call option has the right, but not the obligation, to purchase a set quantity of a financial instrument at a predetermined price on or before a specified date. An example of a call option would be an option to purchase 100 shares of company ABC stock at a set price on or before a certain date.
Finally, a put option is a type of derivative financial instrument in which the buyer of the put option has the right, but not the obligation, to sell a set quantity of a financial instrument at a predetermined price on or before a specified date. An example of a put option would be an option to sell 100 shares of company XYZ stock at a set price on or before a certain date.
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Create an account on the IBKR platform and use the platform to answer the following question:
What is the trading volume and the closing price of soybean futures on 31st Jan 2022 with a maturity date 14 July 2023 traded in ECBOT?
By following the below steps, you should be able to find the trading volume and closing price of soybean futures on 31st Jan 2022 with a maturity date 14 July 2023 traded in ECBOT.
To find the trading volume and closing price of soybean futures on 31st Jan 2022 with a maturity date 14 July 2023 traded in ECBOT, you can follow the steps below:
1. Go to the official website of ECBOT (Chicago Board of Trade) at https://www.cmegroup.com/exchange/ecbot.html.
2. Sign in to your account or create a new account if you don't have one.
3. Click on the "Market Data" tab on the top of the page and select "Futures" from the dropdown menu.
4. In the "Futures" section, select "Agriculture" from the dropdown menu and choose "Soybeans" from the list.
5. Scroll down to the table of Soybean futures contracts and find the one with a maturity date of 14 July 2023.
6. Check the "Volume" column to find the trading volume of the contract on 31st Jan 2022.
7. Check the "Settlement" column to find the closing price of the contract on 31st Jan 2022.
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A company has just converted a long-term note receivable into a short-term note receivable. The company's acid-test and current ratios are both greater than 1. This transaction will: A) increase the current ratio and decrease the acid-test ratio. B) increase the current ratio and increase the acid-test ratio. C) decrease the current ratio and increase the acid-test ratio. D) decrease the current ratio and decrease the acid-test ratio.
A company has just converted a long-term note receivable into a short-term note receivable and the company's acid-test and current ratios are both greater than 1, hence the transaction will increase the current ratio and decrease the acid-test ratio. Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
The current ratio is a measure of a company's ability to pay its short-term liabilities with its current assets. It is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities. The acid-test ratio, also known as the quick ratio, is a measure of a company's ability to pay its short-term liabilities with its most liquid assets. It is calculated by dividing current assets (excluding inventory) by current liabilities.
When a company converts a long-term note receivable into a short-term note receivable, it is increasing its current assets and decreasing its long-term assets. This will increase the current ratio, as there are now more current assets to cover current liabilities. However, it will decrease the acid-test ratio, as the note receivable is not considered a liquid asset and is not included in the calculation of the acid-test ratio.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A) increase the current ratio and decrease the acid-test ratio.
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Do you think the independence of central banks is under threat from politics? Discuss and state your reasoning/s clearly. And, how would you argue eliminating the central bank's independence led to a more pronounced political business cycle?
750 words.
The independence of central banks is often considered to be an important factor in maintaining economic stability and promoting growth.
However, there has been growing concern that the independence of central banks may be under threat from political influences, which could have serious implications for the economy.
One of the main arguments for central bank independence is that it helps to insulate monetary policy from political pressures. This is important because political pressures can lead to short-term policy decisions that may be popular with voters but have negative long-term consequences for the economy.
For example, politicians may push for lower interest rates to boost growth and employment in the short term, but this could lead to inflation and financial instability in the long term.
However, there are also concerns that central bank independence can be undermined by political interference. This can occur in a number of ways, such as through the appointment of central bank governors who are sympathetic to the government's agenda, or through pressure to adopt policies that are more favorable to the government.
This can have serious consequences, as it can undermine the credibility of the central bank and lead to a loss of confidence in the economy.
There are also concerns that the independence of central banks may be under threat from the growing influence of global financial markets.
With the increasing interconnectedness of the global economy, central banks are facing pressure to coordinate their policies with other central banks in order to maintain stability in the global financial system.
This can lead to a loss of autonomy and independence for central banks, as they are forced to adopt policies that may not be in the best interests of their own economies.
In terms of the political business cycle, eliminating the central bank's independence could lead to a more pronounced political business cycle, as monetary policy becomes more susceptible to political pressures.
This could lead to greater economic instability, as policy decisions are driven by short-term political considerations rather than long-term economic considerations. This could result in more frequent boom-and-bust cycles, as well as higher levels of inflation and financial instability.
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from You tube "The Secret History of the Credit Card (full documentary) | FRONTLINE"1. Who are the stakeholders in the credit card industry? How does each stakeholder gain or lose in the story?2. What responsibilities does the government uphold in the story? Has the government fulfilled the responsibilities, in your opinion?3. Some argue that consumers are responsible for their spending habits with credit cards. Should credit card companies be blamed for their business tactics? Why or why not?
1. The stakeholders in the credit card industry include banks, credit card companies, and consumers.
2. The government has a responsibility to ensure that the industry operates in a fair and safe manner.
3. Yes. Because it also engages in unethical business practices. The consumer is responsible for their spending habits
1. The stakeholders in the credit card industry include banks, credit card companies, and consumers. Banks and credit card companies gain from high interest rates, fees, and late payments, while consumers lose when they take on more debt than they can handle or when they face unfair practices.
2. The government has a responsibility to ensure that the industry operates in a fair and safe manner. The documentary highlights that the government has failed to do this, as lenders have taken advantage of consumers.
3. It is difficult to assign blame to either the consumer or the credit card company. Ultimately, the consumer is responsible for their spending habits, but the credit card companies are also engaging in unethical business practices. Therefore, both the consumer and the credit card companies should take responsibility for their actions.
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You are a software developer for a large online retailing site with a cloud-based IT infrastructure with hundreds of small software applications that communicate with each other. What approach might you recommend for managing your software infrastructure?
As a software developer for a large online retailing site with a cloud-based IT infrastructure, one approach that I might recommend for managing the software infrastructure is to use containerization. Containerization is a type of virtualization that involves bundling an application together with all of its related configuration files, libraries, and dependencies required for it to run.
This allows for the efficient deployment and management of hundreds of small software applications that communicate with each other, as each application can be isolated in its own container and run independently of other applications. This also makes it easier to update and maintain the software infrastructure, as changes can be made to individual containers without affecting the entire system. Additionally, containerization allows for the easy scaling of applications, as new containers can be quickly deployed as needed. Overall, containerization is a powerful tool for managing a complex software infrastructure and can help ensure that the system runs smoothly and efficiently.
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On June 10, 2019, S sold to B a specific car which S acquired from a friend last June 1, 2019. On August 10, 2019, the car was totally destroyed which was traced to a crack in the engine block. S was not aware of the defect. Is S, the seller, liable to B? Give reason/s.
No, S is not liable to B for the car's destruction. The reason for this is because the defect was not known to S at the time of the sale. In this case, S is not at fault for the car's destruction and cannot be held liable for something that they were not aware of.
Additionally, it is the buyer's responsibility to inspect the car before purchasing it and to be aware of any potential defects. Therefore, B cannot hold S liable for the car's destruction.
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What does this statement mean in accounting, "investing todevelop future capabilities technology"
In accounting, the phrase "investing to develop future capabilities technology" means investing resources in the development of technology that will provide the company with the ability to do more in the future.
What Does Investing To Develop Future Capabilities Technology Means In Accounting?This statement in accounting means that the company is investing in technology and development in order to improve and enhance its future capabilities. This can include purchasing new software, and hardware or training employees to use new technology. By investing in these areas, the company hopes to increase productivity, efficiency, and profitability in the future. This type of investment is often referred to as capital expenditure or capital investment. It is an important aspect of financial planning and decision-making for businesses, as it can have a significant impact on their long-term success.
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We discussed the management assertions that are implicit in a set of financial statements, specifically: (1) existence/occurrence; (2) completeness; (3) rights and obligations; (4) cutoff; (5) valuation/allocation/accuracy; and (6) presentation and disclosure.
Required: Answer the following questions regarding these assertions.
1. Explain why the existence assertion is generally more important for asset accounts than it is for liability accounts. (3)
2. Explain why the occurrence assumption is critically important for revenue. (3)
3. Completeness is considered the overriding concern for liability accounts. Explain why this is so. (3)
4. Give examples of two types of transactions for which the cutoff assertion is critically important and explain why it is important for each transaction type. Do not list more than two types of transactions. (4)
5. Identify two asset accounts for which the rights assertion should be considered particularly important and explain your reasoning. Do not list more than two accounts. (4)
6. Identify two balance sheet accounts for which the valuation assertion is high risk and explain your reasoning. Do not list more than two accounts. (4)
7. Identify two types of transactions for which presentation and disclosure is critically important and explain your reasoning. Do not list more than two transaction types. (4)
The answers are in occurrence with management assertions:
1. The existence assertion is generally more important for asset accounts because assets are more likely to be overstated or fraudulently recorded than liabilities. For example, an employee may fraudulently record an asset that does not exist in order to increase the company's net worth or to receive a bonus. Liabilities, on the other hand, are less likely to be overstated because they represent amounts owed by the company, and companies generally do not want to overstate their liabilities.
2. The occurrence assumption is critically important for revenue because it ensures that revenue is only recognized when it has actually been earned. If revenue is recognized before it is earned, it can lead to an overstatement of the company's net income and an inaccurate representation of the company's financial position.
3. Completeness is considered the overriding concern for liability accounts because it is important to ensure that all liabilities are recorded in the financial statements. If liabilities are not recorded, it can lead to an understatement of the company's liabilities and an overstatement of the company's net worth.
4. Two types of transactions for which the cutoff assertion is critically important are sales transactions and expense transactions. The cutoff assertion is important for sales transactions because it ensures that sales are recorded in the correct accounting period. If sales are recorded in the wrong accounting period, it can lead to an overstatement or understatement of the company's net income.
5. Two asset accounts for which the rights assertion should be considered particularly important are inventory and accounts receivable. The rights assertion is important for inventory because it ensures that the company has legal ownership of the inventory and that it is not being held on consignment.
6. Two balance sheet accounts for which the valuation assertion is high risk are goodwill and intangible assets. The valuation assertion is high risk for goodwill because it is difficult to accurately measure the value of goodwill and it is subject to impairment.
7. Two types of transactions for which presentation and disclosure is critically important are related party transactions and off-balance sheet transactions. Presentation and disclosure is also important for off-balance sheet transactions because they can have a significant impact on the company's financial position and it is important for investors and other stakeholders to be aware of them.
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Identify one or two futures contracts that are listed on any
Exchange or clearing house for any country.
The futures contract that is listed on an exchange are the ICE Brent Crude Oil futures contract and E-mini S&P 500 futures contract, which is traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) in the United States.
E-mini S&P 500 futures contract - This contract is based on the S&P 500 Index, which is a benchmark for the U.S. stock market, and allows traders to speculate on the future direction of the index.
ICE Brent Crude Oil futures contract - Futures contract that is listed on an exchange is the ICE Brent Crude Oil futures contract, which is traded on the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) in the United Kingdom. This contract is based on the price of Brent crude oil, which is a benchmark for the global oil market, and allows traders to speculate on the future price of oil.
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Q1. Rami deposits $60,000 today in an account that pays 4.6% p.a. interest, compounding semi-annually. How much can be withdrawn from his account in 10 years. (Show your calculations) (1.5 Mark)
Q2. You invest $2000 at the end of every 6 months at a rate of 7% p.a. compounding semi-annually.
How much money would you have in your account after 8 years? (1.5 Mark)
Q3. A portfolio consists of $100,000 in share A that yield 5% and $150,000 in share B with an expected return of 8%. Share A has a variance of 2% and share B has a variance of 3%. The covariance between returns is 0.00782.
What is the expected return for this $250,000 portfolio? (1 Mark)
What is the variance of the portfolio? (1 Mark)
1.Rami can withdraw $91,117.26 from his account in 10 years.
2.The account will have $39,767.42 after 8 years.
3.The variance of the portfolio is 0.0016.
A1. To find the amount that can be withdrawn from Rami's account in 10 years, we use the formula for compound interest:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Where A is the final amount, P is the principal amount, r is the interest rate, n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and t is the number of years.
Plugging in the given values:
A = $60,000(1 + 0.046/2)^(2*10)
A = $60,000(1.023)^20
A = $91,117.26
A2. To find the amount in the account after 8 years, we use the formula for future value of an annuity:
FV = PMT[((1 + r/n)^(nt) - 1)/(r/n)]
Where FV is the future value, PMT is the payment amount, r is the interest rate, n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and t is the number of years.
Plugging in the given values:
FV = $2000[((1 + 0.07/2)^(2*8) - 1)/(0.07/2)]
FV = $2000[(1.035)^16 - 1]/(0.035)
FV = $2000[0.6968]/(0.035)
FV = $39,767.42
A3. To find the expected return for the portfolio, we use the formula:
E(R) = wA*R_A + wB*R_B
Where E(R) is the expected return, wA and wB are the weights of the two shares, and R_A and R_B are the expected returns of the two shares.
Plugging in the given values:
E(R) = (100000/250000)*0.05 + (150000/250000)*0.08
E(R) = 0.02 + 0.048
E(R) = 0.068
Therefore, the expected return for the portfolio is 6.8%.
To find the variance of the portfolio, we use the formula:
Var(R) = wA^2*Var(R_A) + wB^2*Var(R_B) + 2*wA*wB*Cov(R_A, R_B)
Where Var(R) is the variance of the portfolio, wA and wB are the weights of the two shares, Var(R_A) and Var(R_B) are the variances of the two shares, and Cov(R_A, R_B) is the covariance between the two shares.
Plugging in the given values:
Var(R) = (100000/250000)^2*0.02 + (150000/250000)^2*0.03 + 2*(100000/250000)*(150000/250000)*0.00782
Var(R) = 0.00032 + 0.00081 + 0.00047
Var(R) = 0.0016
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Given the following linear programming problem: Max Z= 15x + 33y s.t. 3x - 5y = 20 2x - y = 4 What would be the values of x and y that will maximize revenue? A) x = 0; y= 0 (unbounded) B) x = 0; y=1 C) x = 5; y=0 D) x = 2; y=0 )
The correct answer is option D) x = 2; y=0. For the following linear programming problem: Max Z= 15x + 33y s.t. 3x - 5y = 20 2x - y = 4 , the values of x and y that will maximize revenue is x = 2; y=0
To find the values of x and y that will maximize revenue, we need to solve the system of equations given by the constraints.
First, we can rearrange the second equation to solve for y in terms of x:
2x - y = 4
y = 2x - 4
Next, we can substitute this value of y into the first equation and solve for x:
3x - 5(2x - 4) = 20
3x - 10x + 20 = 20
-7x = 0
x = 0
Now we can substitute this value of x back into the equation for y to find the value of y:
y = 2(0) - 4
y = -4
However, this solution does not satisfy the constraints of the problem, so we need to find another solution.
One way to do this is to graph the constraints and find the point of intersection, which will give us the values of x and y that maximize revenue.
The graph of the constraints is shown below:
[graph]
The point of intersection is (2, 0), so the values of x and y that maximize revenue are x = 2 and y = 0.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D) x = 2; y=0.
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One of the final steps in terminating a partnership is the distribution of remaining assets to the partners after all obligations have been met. What is the basis for distributing any remaining assets/cash among the partners? How would loans from partners affect the distribution of partnership assets?
The basis for distributing any remaining assets/cash among the partners is the partnership agreement. The partnership agreement outlines the terms and conditions for the distribution of assets and profits among the partners. It is a legally binding document that all partners must adhere to.
In the event that there are loans from partners, these loans must be repaid before the distribution of any remaining assets/cash can take place. Loans from partners are considered liabilities and must be paid off before the distribution of assets can occur. Once all loans and other liabilities have been paid, the remaining assets/cash can be distributed among the partners according to the terms outlined in the partnership agreement.
In summary, the distribution of remaining assets/cash among partners is based on the partnership agreement and loans from partners must be repaid before any distribution can occur.
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True/False and Explain:
when a firm takes on greater leverage, its free cash flows will
increase due to greater debt tax shields.
The statement "When a firm takes on greater leverage, its free cash flows will not necessarily increase due to greater debt tax shields" is false.
While it is true that taking on greater leverage can result in greater debt tax shields, it can also lead to increased interest payments, which can decrease free cash flows. Additionally, taking on greater leverage can increase the risk of the firm, potentially leading to higher required rates of return and lower stock prices. Therefore, it is not a guarantee that greater leverage will result in increased free cash flows.
It is important for firms to carefully consider the trade-offs between the potential benefits and costs of taking on greater leverage before making a decision.
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