The beta decay of potassium 40 produces a beta particle and an atom with an atomic number of

A:18
B:39
C:20
D:21​

Answer:

They move at a rate of one to two inches (three to five centimeters) per year.

Explanation:

The movement of the plates creates three types of tectonic boundaries: convergent, where plates move into one another; divergent, where plates move apart; and transform, where plates move sideways in relation to each other.

Density =mass/volume

=6/3

=2

(A) Viscosity:the measure of how fast a fluid will flow the "thickness" of a fluid Flow Rate: the volume of fluid that passes a point in a pipe or tube in a certain amount of time.

(B) As Viscosity increases Flow Rate decreases :)

A varied number of one or more kinds of atoms bonded together to form a large network is called a molecule.

What is molecule?

Molecules are the smallest particles of a substance that retain its chemical properties. They consist of two or more atoms of the same or different elements bonded together. Molecules can be simple, such as oxygen (O2) or water (H2O), or complex, such as proteins or DNA. They have specific chemical and physical properties, such as boiling point, melting point, and reactivity, that depend on their composition, structure, and intermolecular forces. The study of molecules and their interactions is fundamental to many fields, including chemistry, biology, and materials science.

However, if the number of atoms is extremely large and the bonds form a continuous network, the resulting substance is referred to as a macromolecule or a polymer. Examples of macromolecules include DNA, proteins, and plastics.

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Courtney burns wood in an outdoor firepit and she measures mass of the ashes that remain after the fire, and mass is much lower than the wood that she burned. The best explanation for what Courtney observes is that: A. gases are released into the air.

When wood burns, it undergoes chemical reaction called combustion, where it reacts with oxygen from the air to produce carbon dioxide, water vapor and other gases. These gases are released into air as the wood burns and their mass is not accounted for in ashes left behind.

Water inside the wood may also be released as steam during combustion process but this would not explain the significant difference in mass between the wood and ashes.

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Based on Lana's diagram, the correct statement that explains the results of asexual reproduction is C. The offspring are genetically identical to the parent, because each offspring receives a complete copy of a single parent's chromosomes.

In the diagram, the parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each of which contains a complete copy of the parent cell's genetic material.

This type of reproduction, where a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to itself, is called asexual reproduction. It is the process by which many unicellular organisms, such as bacteria and some protists, reproduce.

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Answer:

³⁹K₁₉⁺¹ or ³⁹₁₉K⁺¹

Explanation:

hope this helps

The given nuclear reactions can be completed based on the atomic number of and mass number of the reactant and product given. The first reaction is completed as:

[tex]\rm _{90}^{234} Th \rightarrow _{90}^{234} Th + _{0}^{0} \gamma[/tex]

Heavy unstable radioactive nuclei undergo nuclear reactions by the absorption or emission of charged particles.

The first nuclear reaction given in the table is giving the same thing with no change in mass number and atomic number. Thus, it is a gamma decay of thorium -234 as written above.

The second nuclear reaction is the positron emission by oxygen as follows:

[tex]\rm _{8}^{15} O \rightarrow _{7}^{15} N + _{+1}^{0} e[/tex]

Here, the atomic number decreases by one unit in the product.

For the last nuclear reaction given, it describes, beta decay of boron to form nitrogen as written below, where the atomic number increases by one.

[tex]\rm _{6}^{14} B \rightarrow _{7}^{14} N + _{-1}^{0}e[/tex]

Similar way, other nuclear reactions can be completed.

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1,6,4 coefficients ensure that there are equal numbers of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. So correct option is A.

A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, which shows the reactants, products, and their relative amounts. It is a shorthand way of describing a chemical reaction using chemical symbols and formulas.

A chemical equation consists of two sides, the reactant side and the product side, separated by an arrow, which represents the direction of the reaction. The reactant side lists the starting materials or reactants, while the product side lists the substances that are formed as a result of the reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

P4O10 + 6 H2O → 4 H3PO4

The correct set of coefficients to balance the equation is:

A.  1,6,4

These coefficients ensure that there are equal numbers of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.

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To balance 10.0 mL of substance a, we would need 6.67 g of substance b.

To determine how much mass of substance b would be needed to balance 10.0mL of substance a on the other pan, we need to know the density of both substances.

If we know the density of substance a and the volume of substance b, we can calculate the mass of substance b needed to balance the system.

For example, if we assume that substance a has a density of 1.0 g/mL, and we want to balance it with substance b which has a density of 1.5 g/mL, we can use the following formula:

mass of substance b = (density of substance a) x (volume of substance a) / (density of substance b)

Substituting the values given, we get:

mass of substance b = (1.0 g/mL) x (10.0 mL) / (1.5 g/mL)

mass of substance b = 6.67 g

Therefore, to balance 10.0 mL of substance a, we would need 6.67 g of substance b.

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Answer:

To solve this problem, we can use the ideal gas law and stoichiometry.

First, we need to convert the given temperature to Kelvin:

208.00 degrees Celsius + 273.15 = 481.15 K

Next, we can use the ideal gas law to find the volume of NH3 produced:

PV = nRT

P = 4.50 torr = 0.00592 atm (converting to atm)

V = unknown (what we are trying to find)

n = moles of NH3 produced = 26.00 moles N2 (from stoichiometry)

R = 0.0821 L·atm/K·mol (gas constant)

T = 481.15 K

Solving for V:

V = nRT/P

V = (26.00 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/K·mol)(481.15 K) / (0.00592 atm)

V = 3671.46 L

However, this is the volume of NH3 produced at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K) and 1 atm. We need to convert this to the volume at the given temperature and pressure using the combined gas law:

(P1V1/T1) = (P2V2/T2)

P1 = 1 atm (STP pressure)

V1 = 3671.46 L (volume at STP)

T1 = 273.15 K (STP temperature)

P2 = 0.00592 atm (given pressure)

V2 = unknown (what we are trying to find)

T2 = 481.15 K (given temperature)

Solving for V2:

V2 = (P1V1T2) / (P2T1)

V2 = (1 atm)(3671.46 L)(481.15 K) / (0.00592 atm)(273.15 K)

V2 = 315491.48 L or 315491 L (rounded to two decimal places)

Therefore, 315491 L of NH3 will be produced at a temperature of 208.00 degrees Celsius and 4.50 torr pressure to consume 26.00 moles of N2.

Answer:

C. Doughnut shape

Explanation:

SN

1:1

So lf you multiply N with 4 you have to multiply the s with the same number

the answer Will be sS4N4

easy

One way to determine whether a mixture is a solution or a mechanical mixture is to perform a filtration test. Another way to determine whether a mixture is a solution or a mechanical mixture is to perform a visual inspection test.

Explain about the above two tests in detail?

One way to determine whether a mixture is a solution or a mechanical mixture is to perform a filtration test. In this test, the mixture is passed through a filter paper, and if the filter paper traps solid particles, it indicates that the mixture is a mechanical mixture. On the other hand, if the mixture passes through the filter paper without leaving any solid particles, it suggests that the mixture is a solution.

Another way to determine whether a mixture is a solution or a mechanical mixture is to perform a visual inspection test. In this test, the mixture is observed under a microscope, and if the particles in the mixture are evenly distributed and do not settle over time, it indicates that the mixture is a solution. In contrast, if the particles in the mixture are not evenly distributed, and they settle over time, it suggests that the mixture is a mechanical mixture.

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In the following chemical changes in case of rusting of iron  reaction rate will increase while in case of  nitric acid and sodium hydroxide into the refrigerator , reaction rate will decrease.

Chemical changes are defined as changes which occur when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance.Alternatively, when a substance breaks down or decomposes to give new substances it is also considered to be a chemical change.

There are several characteristics of chemical changes like change in color, change in state , change in odor and change in composition . During chemical change there is also formation of precipitate an insoluble mass of substance or even evolution of gases.

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Answer:

The statement that is true about dilute and concentrated solutions is: Dilute solutions have a higher solvent-to-solute ratio than concentrated solutions.

Explanation:

In dilute solutions, the amount of solute is relatively low compared to the amount of solvent. Conversely, in concentrated solutions, the amount of solute is relatively high compared to the amount of solvent.

For example, if you add a teaspoon of sugar to a cup of water, you have a dilute solution. If you add five teaspoons of sugar to the same cup of water, you have a concentrated solution.

So, the correct statement is that dilute solutions have a higher solvent-to-solute ratio than concentrated solutions.

Answer:

Dilute solutions have a higher solvent-to-solute ratio than concentrated

solutions.

Explanation:

The volume of the solution is 1.20 liters.

Volume is a measure of the amount of space that an object occupies. It is typically measured in cubic units such as cubic meters (m³), cubic centimeters (cm³), or cubic feet (ft³).

The volume of an object can be calculated by multiplying its length, width, and height or by using other formulas specific to the shape of the object.

To calculate the volume of a solution, we need to use the formula:

volume (in liters) = amount of solute (in moles) / concentration (in moles per liter)

In this case, we have:

Amount of solute = 0.55 moles

Concentration = 0.46 Molar

Using the formula above, we can calculate the volume of the solution as follows:

volume = 0.55 moles / 0.46 M = 1.20 L

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The addition of iodide ion (I-) to a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) forms a black precipitate of silver iodide (AgI) and nitric acid (HNO3) is formed as a byproduct.

The pink color observed with petroleum ether is due to the formation of AgI complexes with organic compounds present in the petroleum ether. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is as regards:

2 AgNO₃ + 2 KI → 2 AgI (s) + 2 KNO₃

This equation shows that two moles of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) react with two moles of potassium iodide (KI) to form two moles of silver iodide (AgI) precipitate and two moles of potassium nitrate (KNO₃) in solution.

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Explanation:

The atomic number of calcium (Ca) is 20, which means it has 20 protons and normally has 20 electrons to balance the charge. However, the ion given in the question is Ca²⁺, which means it has lost two electrons and has a 2+ charge.

To find the number of neutrons in an atom or ion, you subtract the number of protons from the mass number. The mass number of calcium is approximately 40, which means it has 20 neutrons.

Therefore, the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the Ca²⁺ ion is:

Protons: 20

Neutrons: 20

Electrons: 18

So the correct answer is option B: 20 protons, 26 neutrons, and 18 electrons.

The element Calcium (Ca) has 20 protons. The 46 Ca²+ ion has a mass number of 46, indicating it has 26 neutrons (46-20). The ²+ charge shows it has lost 2 electrons, so it has 18 electrons. The correct answer is B: 20 protons, 26 neutrons, and 18 electrons.

The element given here is Calcium (Ca) which has an atomic number of 20. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons, so Calcium has 20 protons (pt). The symbol 46 Ca²+ indicates that this is an ion with a mass number of 46. The mass number is the total of protons and neutrons, so to find the number of neutrons we subtract the number of protons from the mass number: 46 - 20 = 26 neutrons (nº). A ²+ charge means it has lost 2 electrons. Since the number of protons and electrons are usually equal in an atom, we subtract those 2 lost electrons from the 20 protons to find that this Calcium ion has 18 electrons (e-). So, the correct answer is B. 20 pt, 26 nº, 18 e-

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No. of protons, neutrons, and electrons in this ion are 13, 14 and 13 respectively.

What are subatomic particles?

These particles make up atoms, and are often referred to as subatomic particles. There are three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons and electrons. Two of the subatomic particles have electrical charges: protons have a positive charge while electrons have a negative charge.

A = Mass number = no. of protons + no. of neutrons

Z = Atomic number = no. of electrons = no. of protons

Given, Al³⁺ ion that has A = 27 and Z = 13

Z = no. of electrons = no. of protons = 13

A - no. of protons = no. of neutrons = 14

Therefore, no. of protons, neutrons, and electrons in this ion are 13, 14 and 13 respectively.

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Answer:

The percent composition by mass of a component in a mixture is given by:

percent composition = (mass of component / total mass of mixture) x 100%

In this case, the component is sucrose, and the total mass of the mixture is the sum of the mass of sucrose and the mass of water. We have:

mass of sucrose = 4.6 g mass of water = 72.9 g total mass of mixture = mass of sucrose + mass of water = 4.6 g + 72.9 g = 77.5 g

Substituting these values into the formula, we get:

percent composition of sucrose = (4.6 g / 77.5 g) x 100% = 5.94%

Rounding to the tenths place, we get:

percent composition of sucrose ≈ 5.9%

Therefore, the percent composition of sucrose in the mixture is approximately 5.9%.

i hope this helps you

According to the solubility graph of KNO₃, 0.160 moles  would have to be added to 100 g of water to form a saturated solution at 10°C.

Solubility is defined as the ability of a substance which is basically solute to form a solution with another substance. There is an extent to which a substance is soluble in a particular solvent. This is generally measured as the concentration of a solute present in a saturated solution.

The solubility mainly depends on the composition of solute and solvent ,its pH and presence of other dissolved substance. It is also dependent on temperature and pressure which is maintained.

At 40°C 67 g potassium nitrate is soluble thus at 10°C 10×67/40= 16.25 g is soluble which is 16.25/101.10= 0.160 moles.

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We must first convert the fuel's weight from pounds to grammes because the energy release is specified per gramme. 18143.68 g is the result of multiplying 40 pounds by the weight in grammes per pound.

We must first convert the fuel's weight from pounds to grammes because the energy release is specified per gramme. 18143.68 g is the result of multiplying 40 pounds by the weight in grammes per pound.

The total amount of energy released can then be determined by multiplying the mass of the pellets by the energy release per gramme:

18143.68 g x 742 cal/g equals 13462351.36 cal.

This outcome can be written as follows in scientific notation:

1.3462 x 10^7 cal

As a result, 1.3462 x 107 calories will be produced during the complete combustion of a 40-lb sack of pellets.

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11.5 grams of iron are formed, and aluminum sulfate is the other product of the reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aluminum and iron(II) sulfate is:

2Al(s) + 3FeSO4(aq) → Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 3Fe(s)

From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of aluminum react with 3 moles of iron(II) sulfate to produce 1 mole of aluminum sulfate and 3 moles of iron.

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of iron(II) sulfate in 42 g:

moles of FeSO4 = mass / molar mass = [tex]42 g / (55.85 g/mol + 2(32.06 g/mol) + 4(16.00 g/mol)) = 0.137 mol[/tex]

According to the balanced equation, we know that 3 moles of iron are produced for every 2 moles of aluminum, and we have excess aluminum in the reaction. Therefore, we can calculate the moles of iron produced based on the moles of iron(II) sulfate used:

moles of Fe = [tex]3/2 * moles \ of \ FeSO4 = 3/2 * 0.137 mol = 0.206 mol[/tex]

Now we can calculate the mass of iron produced:

mass of Fe = moles of Fe x molar mass of Fe = [tex]0.206 mol * 55.85 g/mol = 11.5 g[/tex]

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The wavelength of the neutron is 4.65 n. Wavelength is typically measured in units of meters (m), centimeters (cm), or nanometers (nm).

What is Wavelength?

Wavelength is the distance between successive crests, troughs, or any other equivalent points in a wave. It is usually denoted by the Greek letter lambda (λ) and is commonly used to describe electromagnetic waves, such as light, as well as other types of waves, including sound and water waves.

Since the wavelength of a neutron is given by λ = h/p, where h is Planck's constant and p is the momentum of the neutron, we can calculate the wavelength using the equation λ = h/mv, where m is the mass of the neutron, v is its velocity, and h is Planck's constant.

First, we need to convert the velocity from m/s to cm/s, since the units of h are cm^2 g/s:

85.0 m/s × (100 cm/1 m) = 8500 cm/s

Next, we can plug in the values for m, v, and h:

λ = h/mv = (6.626 × 10^-27 cm^2 g/s)/(1.67493 × 10^-24 g × 8500 cm/s)

λ = 4.65 nm

Therefore, the wavelength of the neutron is 4.65 nm.

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The expression for lowering of vapour pressure and molar mass of solute is given as -

                                                [tex]\frac{p^{0}- p }{p^{0} }[/tex] =  [tex]\frac{W_{2} }{M_{2} }[/tex] × [tex]\frac{M_{1} }{W_{1} }[/tex]

According to Raoult's law-

Relative lowering of vapour pressure of a non volatile solute is equal to the mole fraction of solute.

The relation between relative Lowering of vapour pressure and molar mass of solute is given as -

                                             [tex]\frac{p^{0}- p }{p^{0} }[/tex] = [tex]\frac{W_{2} }{M_{2} }[/tex] × [tex]\frac{M_{1} }{W_{1} }[/tex]

          where, [tex]p^{0}[/tex] = vapour pressure of pure solvent

                        p = vapour pressure of solution

                        [tex]W_{2}[/tex] = Mass of solvent

                       W₁ = mass of solute

                        M₂ = molar mass of solvent

                         M₁ = molar mass of solute.

                              Mole fraction of solute = [tex]\frac{n_{2} }{n_{1} + n_{2} }[/tex]

where, n₂ = number of moles of solvent

            n₁ = number of moles of solute

For dilute solution,  n₂ ∠∠n₁

Thus, n₂ can be neglected in the denominator and this gives,

                                                     [tex]\frac{p^{0}- p }{p^{0} }[/tex] = [tex]\frac{n_{2} }{n_{1} }[/tex]

We know that, number of moles = mass / molar mass.

Therefore replacing the values of  n₂ and n₁ with mass and molar mass gives-

                                                 [tex]\frac{p^{0}- p }{p^{0} }[/tex] = [tex]\frac{W_{2} }{M_{2} }[/tex] × [tex]\frac{M_{1} }{W_{1} }[/tex]

Therefore, this gives the relation between relative lowering of vapour pressure and molar mass of solute

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Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 0.31375 moles of N₂O are formed upon the complete reaction of 25.1 g of ammonium nitrate.

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

NH₄NO₃  → N₂O + 2 H₂O

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amount of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

By reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

The following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 80 grams of NH₄NO₃ form 1 mole of N₂O, 25.1 grams of NH₄NO₃ form how many moles of N₂O?

moles of N₂O= (25.1 grams of NH₄NO₃ ×1 mole of N₂O) ÷80 grams of NH₄NO₃

moles of N₂O= 0.31375 moles

Finally, 0.31375 moles of N₂O are formed.

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It is a redox reaction since the oxidation number of carbon was increased from zero to four and that of oxygen was decreased from zero to -2.

A redox reaction (short for reduction-oxidation reaction) is a type of chemical reaction in which there is a transfer of electrons between two chemical species. In a redox reaction, one reactant undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) while the other undergoes reduction (gains electrons).

Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction refers to the gain of electrons. The substance that undergoes oxidation is called the reducing agent, as it causes the other reactant to be reduced.

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One of the subfields of chemistry called "organic chemistry" examines the composition, production, reactivity, and structure of molecules containing carbon.

A item is not necessarily healthful regardless of whether it claims to be organic or contains fresh products. Certain organic food could nevertheless be heavy in calories, fat, salt, or sugar. With running water, thoroughly clean and wash fresh fruits and vegetables.

Organic foods encourage an agricultural system which it avoids synthetic chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers and encourages a more biologically diverse ecosystem, paying particular attention to the well-being of watersheds, soil, air, wildlife, agricultural labourers, and the climate. As a result, organic foods are unquestionably better for the environment.

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Answer: Sodium chloride is the most soluble compound in water. Ammonium chloride is the least soluble salt and is almost completely insoluble in water. Lead chloride dissolves quite easily in water

Explanation: Mixing sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, and lead (ll) chloride can be separated into individual components using dialysis. Sodium ions are removed from the mixture due to their high affinity relative to chloride and ammonium ions.