The answer to your question is A. Coordination problems.
Based on the information provided, the firm's long-run average total costs increase from $300 to $325 as production expands from 10,000 to 11,000 hand-crafted chairs.
In this scenario, the firm is likely experiencing coordination problems. As the scale of production increases, it becomes more challenging for the firm to manage resources and organize production efficiently. Coordination problems arise when a firm is unable to efficiently manage its resources and operations as it expands production. This results in higher average total costs, indicating coordination issues within the firm's operations.
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Click this link to view o*net’s work styles section for executive administrative assistants. note that common work styles are listed toward the top and less common work styles are listed toward the bottom. according to o*net, what are common work styles needed by executive administrative assistants? check all that apply.
attention to detail
integrity
foreign language aptitude
biology background
dependability
cooperation
The common work styles needed by executive administrative assistants are attention to detail, integrity, dependability and cooperation.
An employee that offers high level administrative support to executives at work, including answering phones, setting up meetings, handling executive requests, and other office tasks, is known as an executive administrative assistant. They could also manage administrative tasks and direct less senior administrative staff. These workers can also be referred to as executive secretary or executive assistant in certain work environments.
This position requires a person with strong time management skills, solid judgment, and great verbal communication skills in order to meet deadlines. Today, executive administrative assistants work in almost every industry. Most people who work in offices do so full-time. Some people could work as virtual assistants from home.
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(Expected rate of return and risk) Summerville Inc. Is considering an investment in one of two common stocks. Given the information that follows, which investment is better, based on the risk (as measured by the standard deviation) and return of each?
Common Stock A Common Stock B
Probability Return Probability Return
0. 30 11% 0. 20 -. 5%
0. 40 15% 0. 30 6%
0. 30 19% 0. 30 14%
0. 20 22%
Based on the expected rate of return and the standard deviation, Common Stock A is the better investment as it has a higher expected rate of return and lower risk (as measured by standard deviation) compared to Common Stock B.
Investment is better, we need to calculate the expected rate of return and the standard deviation of each investment.
For Common Stock A:
Expected Rate of Return = (0.30 x 11%) + (0.40 x 15%) + (0.30 x 19%) + (0.20 x 22%) = 15.1%
To calculate the standard deviation, we first need to calculate the variance:
Variance = [tex](0.30 * (11 - 15.1)^2) + (0.40 * (15 - 15.1)^2) + (0.30 * (19 - 15.1)^2)[/tex]
= 0.01184
Standard Deviation = √Variance = 10.88%
For Common Stock B:
Expected Rate of Return = (0.20 x -0.5%) + (0.30 x 6%) + (0.30 x 14%) + (0.20 x 22%) = 10.6%
The standard deviation, we first need to calculate the variance:
Variance = [tex](0.20 * (-0.5 - 10.6)^2) + (0.30 * (6 - 10.6)^2) + (0.30 * (14 - 10.6)^2)[/tex] = 0.0326
Standard Deviation = √Variance = 18.04%
Based on the expected rate of return and the standard deviation, Common Stock A is the better investment as it has a higher expected rate of return and lower risk (as measured by standard deviation) compared to Common Stock B.
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Mr. Tuck and Ms. Under organized a new business as an LLC in which they own equal interests. The new business generated a $6,000 operating loss for the year. Required: a. If Mr. Tuck's marginal tax rate before consideration of the LLC loss is 35 percent, compute his tax savings from the first-year LLC loss. Assume the basis, excess business loss limitations, and other loss limitations do not apply. Tax savings Grant and Marvin organized a new business as a corporation in which they own equal interests. The new business generated a $65,000 operating loss for the year. Required: a. Assume the corporation expects to generate $500,000 of income next year and has a 21 percent tax rate. Calculate the net present value of the future tax savings associated with the current year operating loss, using a 4 percent discount rate. (Do not round intermediate computations. Round your final answer to the nearest whole dollar amount. ) NPV of future tax savings b. Now assume that the corporation makes an election under Subchapter S to be treated as a passthrough entity. If Grant's marginal tax rate is 35 percent and Marvin's marginal tax rate is 37 percent, calculate the tax savings associated with the current year operating loss. Assume the basis and excess business loss limitations do not apply. Current year tax savings
a. Therefore, Mr. Tuck's tax savings from the first-year LLC business loss are $2,100.
b. Therefore, the net present value of the future tax savings associated with the current year operating loss is $13,173.
c. Therefore, the tax savings associated with the current year operating loss are $46,800.
a. Mr. Tuck's tax savings from the first-year LLC loss can be calculated as follows:
Tax savings = Operating loss x Marginal tax rate
Tax savings = $6,000 x 35% = $2,100
b. To calculate the net present value of the future tax savings associated with the current year operating loss, we need to first calculate the future tax savings. The corporation can use the operating loss to offset future taxable income, reducing its tax liability. The future tax savings can be calculated as follows:
Future tax savings = Operating loss x Future tax rate
Future tax savings = $65,000 x 21% = $13,650
Next, we need to calculate the present value of these future tax savings using a 4% discount rate. We can use the present value formula to calculate this:
PV = FV [tex]/ (1 + r)n[/tex]
Where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the discount rate, and n is the number of periods.
In this case, n is 1 (since the future tax savings will be received next year), and r is 4%. Therefore, we can calculate the present value as follows:
PV = [tex]$13,650 / (1 + 0.04)^1[/tex]
PV = $13,173.08
c. If the corporation makes an election under Subchapter S to be treated as a passthrough entity, the operating loss will flow through to the shareholders and can be used to offset their taxable income. The tax savings associated with the current year operating loss can be calculated as follows:
Tax savings = Operating loss x Marginal tax rate
Tax savings = $65,000 x 35% (for Grant) + $65,000 x 37% (for Marvin)
Tax savings = $22,750 + $24,050
Tax savings = $46,800
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a stock price is currently $100. over each of the next two six-month periods it is expected to go up by 10% or down by 10%. the risk-free interest rate is 8% per annum with continuous compounding. what is the value of a one-year european call option with a strike price of $100?
The value of a one-year European call option with a strike price of $100 is approximately $3.39.
Using the binomial option pricing formula, we can calculate the expected value of the call option as follows:
u = e^(σ√t) = e^(0.1√0.5) ≈ 1.049
d = e^(-σ√t) = e^(-0.1√0.5) ≈ 0.953
p = (e^(rt) - d) / (u - d) = (e^(0.08*0.5) - 0.953) / (1.049 - 0.953) ≈ 0.523
where:
u = up factor
d = down factor
t = time to expiration (1 year)
r = risk-free interest rate
p = probability of the stock price going up
Using the values of u, d, and p, we can construct a binomial tree to calculate the option value at each node, starting from the final nodes where the stock price is either $110 or $90.
At the final nodes, the option value is simply the maximum of either the stock price minus the strike price ($110 - $100 = $10 or $90 - $100 = -$10). Moving back up the tree, we can calculate the option value at each node using the risk-neutral valuation principle.
At the initial node where the stock price is $100, the option value is the present value of the expected payoff at the final nodes, discounted at the risk-free rate:
Option value = e^(-rt) * [p * ($110 - $100) + (1 - p) * ($90 - $100)]
= e^(-0.08*1) * [0.523 * $10 + (1 - 0.523) * (-$10)]
= $3.39
Therefore, the value of a one-year European call option with a strike price of $100 is approximately $3.39.
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Direct Labor Variances Ada Clothes Company produced 40,000 units during April. The Cutting Department used 12,800 direct labor hours at an actual rate of $16. 50 per hour. The Sewing Department used 19,600 direct labor hours at an actual rate of $19. 25 per hour. Assume there were no work in process inventories in either department at the beginning or end of the month. The standard labor rate is $18. 0. The standard labor time for the Cutting and Sewing departments is 0. 3 hour and 0. 5 hour per unit, respectively. A. Determine the direct labor rate, direct labor time, and total direct labor cost variance for the (1) Cutting Department and (2) Sewing Department. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. Cutting Department Sewing Department Direct Labor Rate Variance $fill in the blank 1 $fill in the blank 3 Direct Labor Time Variance $fill in the blank 5 $fill in the blank 7 Total Direct Labor Cost Variance $fill in the blank 9 $fill in the blank 11 b. The two departments have opposite results. The Cutting Department has a(n) rate variance and a(n) time variance, resulting in a total cost variance. In contrast, the Sewing Department has a(n) rate variance but has a(n) time variance, resulting in a total cost variance
The Cutting Department has a favorable direct labor rate variance but an unfavorable direct labor time variance, resulting in an unfavorable total direct labor cost variance. In contrast, the Sewing Department has an unfavorable direct labor rate variance but a favorable direct labor time variance, resulting in an unfavorable total direct labor cost variance.
To determine the direct labor rate variance, we calculate the difference between the actual rate paid and the standard rate, multiplied by the actual hours worked. For the Cutting Department, this gives us ($16.50 - $18.0) x 12,800 = -$19,200, which is a favorable variance (indicated by the negative sign) because the actual rate paid is lower than the standard rate. For the Sewing Department, the direct labor rate variance is ($19.25 - $18.0) x 19,600 = $24,750, which is an unfavorable variance because the actual rate paid is higher than the standard rate.
To determine the direct labor time variance, we calculate the difference between the actual hours worked and the standard hours expected, multiplied by the standard rate. For the Cutting Department, this gives us (12,800 x 0.3 - 40,000) x $18.0 = $30,240, which is an unfavorable variance because the actual hours worked are more than the standard hours expected. For the Sewing Department, the direct labor time variance is (19,600 x 0.5 - 40,000) x $18.0 = -$3,960, which is a favorable variance because the actual hours worked are less than the standard hours expected.
Finally, to determine the total direct labor cost variance, we add the direct labor rate variance and the direct labor time variance. For the Cutting Department, the total direct labor cost variance is -$19,200 + $30,240 = $11,040, which is an unfavorable variance. For the Sewing Department, the total direct labor cost variance is $24,750 - $3,960 = $20,790, which is an unfavorable variance.
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with this type of externality, in the absence of government intervention, the market equilibrium quantity produced will be than the socially optimal quantity. which of the following generate the type of externality previously described? check all that apply. your roommate caroline has bought a puppy that barks all day while you are trying to study economics. shen has planted several trees in his backyard that increase the beauty of the neighborhood, especially during the fall foliage season. a microbiology lab has published its breakthrough in swine flu research. the city where you live has turned the publicly owned land next to your house into a park, causing trash dropped by park visitors to pile up in your backyard.
The type of externality described in the question is a negative externality. A negative externality occurs when the production or consumption of a good or service imposes costs on a third party who is not involved in the transaction.
In this case, the barking puppy is a nuisance to the person trying to study economics, and therefore, the negative externality is created. Similarly, the trash from the park visitors is an externality that imposes costs on the person living next to the park. Both of these examples result in a market equilibrium quantity produced that is greater than the socially optimal quantity because the costs imposed on the third party are not accounted for in the market transaction.
On the other hand, planting trees in the backyard, which increases the beauty of the neighborhood, is an example of a positive externality. Positive externalities occur when the production or consumption of a good or service benefits a third party who is not involved in the transaction. However, in the absence of government intervention, the market equilibrium quantity produced will be less than the socially optimal quantity because the benefits to the third party are not accounted for in the market transaction.
The breakthrough in swine flu research is not an example of an externality as it does not involve the production or consumption of a good or service that affects a third party who is not involved in the transaction.
In conclusion, the negative externality created by the barking puppy and the trash from park visitors imposes costs on third parties, leading to a market equilibrium quantity produced that is greater than the socially optimal quantity. Positive externalities such as planting trees in the backyard result in a market equilibrium quantity produced that is less than the socially optimal quantity because the benefits to the third party are not accounted for.
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1. Explain the reasons why the Walt Disney Company puts emphasis on decency in its organizational culture.2. Explain why innovation is a major cultural emphasis at Disney?3. Give a brief summary of Disney’s corporate culture.
The Walt Disney Company puts emphasis on decency in its organizational culture because it believes that this is essential for creating a positive and inclusive workplace environment.
By promoting decency, the company aims to create a culture where employees treat each other with respect, kindness, and empathy, and where everyone feels valued and supported. This helps to foster a sense of community within the company, and can improve employee engagement, productivity, and job satisfaction.
Innovation is a major cultural emphasis at Disney because the company recognizes that it operates in a constantly changing and competitive industry. By encouraging innovation, Disney can stay ahead of its competitors and continue to develop new and exciting products and experiences for its customers. This emphasis on innovation is also reflected in the company's approach to problem-solving, which encourages employees to think creatively and take calculated risks.
Disney's corporate culture is often described as fun, collaborative, and creative. The company values innovation, teamwork, and inclusivity, and encourages employees to express themselves and share their ideas. Disney also places a strong emphasis on guest satisfaction, and strives to create magical experiences for its customers. Overall, the company's culture is designed to foster creativity, collaboration, and a sense of community among its employees, while also providing a high-quality experience for its customers.
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Carla Vista Co. Has these comparative balance sheet data:
CARLA VISTA CO.
Balance Sheets
December 31
2022 2021
Cash $ 16,140 $ 32,280
Accounts receivable (net) 75,320 64,560
Inventory 64,56 53,800
Plant assets (net) 215,200 193,680
$371,220 $344,320
Accounts payable $ 53,800 $ 64,560
Mortgage payable (15%)107,600 107,600
Common stock, $10 par 150,640 129,120
Retained earnings 59,180 43,040
$371,220 $344,320
Additional information for 2022:
1. Net income was $32,500.
2. Sales on account were $392,900. Sales returns and allowances amounted to $27,300.
3. Cost of goods sold was $217,300.
4. Net cash provided by operating activities was $57,200.
5. Capital expenditures were $30,000, and cash dividends were $19,000.
Compute the following ratios at December 31, 2022. (Round current ratio and inventory turnover to 2 decimal places, e. G. 1. 83 and all other answers to 1 decimal place, e. G. 1. 8. Use 365 days for calculation. )
(a) Current ratio
(b) Accounts receivable turnover.
(c) Average collection period.
(d) Inventory turnover.
(e) Days in inventory.
(f) Free cash flow
The Current ratio is; 2.90, Accounts receivable turnover is 5.23, the Average collection period is 69.79, Inventory turnover is 3.67, Days in inventory will be 99.46, and the Free cash flow is $8,200.
Current ratio;
Current ratio =Current assets/Current liabilities
Current assets = Cash + Accounts receivable (net) + Inventory = $16,140 + $75,320 + $64,560 = $156,020
Current liabilities = Accounts payable = $53,800
Current ratio = $156,020 / $53,800
= 2.90
Accounts receivable turnover;
Accounts receivable turnover =Net credit sales/Average accounts receivable
Net credit sales =Sales on account - Sales returns and allowances = $392,900 - $27,300 = $365,600
Average accounts receivable = (Beginning accounts receivable + Ending accounts receivable) / 2 = ($64,560 + $75,320) / 2
= $69,940
Accounts receivable turnover = $365,600 / $69,940
= 5.23
Average collection period;
Average collection period =365 days/Accounts receivable turnover
Average collection period = 365 / 5.23
= 69.79
Inventory turnover;
Inventory turnover = Cost of goods sold/Average inventory
Average inventory = (Beginning inventory + Ending inventory) / 2 = ($53,800 + $64,560) / 2
= $59,180
Inventory turnover = $217,300 / $59,180
= 3.67
Days in inventory;
Days in inventory = 365 days/Inventory turnover
Days in inventory = 365 / 3.67 = 99.46
Free cash flow;
Free cash flow =Net cash provided by operating activities-Capital expenditures - Cash dividends
Free cash flow = $57,200 - $30,000 - $19,000
= $8,200
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What type of scale measures the coworker relationship that is the greatest challenge? O Leader-member Position power O LPC O Task structure Select the best response to the following questions. What type of leader balances relationships with tasks? Relationship Task Flexible Position
The type of scale that measures the coworker relationship that is the greatest challenge is LPC (Least Preferred Coworker) scale. Relationship task is the type of leader who balances relationships with tasks. Option a is correct.
LPC (Least Preferred Coworker) scale is a tool used in measuring the characteristics of a leader. The tool is based on the premise that leaders would describe their least preferred coworker (LPC) by revealing their own characteristics that they liked or disliked. LPC measures the leader's style of handling employees.
A relationship-task leader is a leader who knows how to balance relationships and tasks. They believe that both task completion and maintaining relationships are essential in achieving organizational objectives.
Option a is correct.
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walton modems has excess production capacity and is considering the possibility of making and selling paging equipment. the following estimates are based on a production and sales volume of 2,900 pagers. unit-level manufacturing costs are expected to be $39. sales commissions will be established at $2.90 per unit. the current facility-level costs, including depreciation on manufacturing equipment ($79,000), rent on the manufacturing facility ($69,000), depreciation on the administrative equipment ($17,700), and other fixed administrative expenses ($81,450), will not be affected by the production of the pagers. the chief accountant has decided to allocate the facility-level costs to the existing product (modems) and to the new product (pagers) on the basis of the number of units of product made (i.e., 6,900 modems and 2,900 pagers). required a. determine the per-unit cost of making and selling 2,900 pagers. (do not round intermediate calculations. round your answer to 3 decimal places.) b. assuming the pagers could be sold at a price of $53 each, should walton make the pagers?
a) The per-unit cost of making and selling 2,900 pagers is $126.911.
b) Walton Modems should not make the pagers as it would result in losses.
a. To determine the per-unit cost of making and selling 2,900 pagers, we need to consider both unit-level and facility-level costs.
Unit-level manufacturing cost per pager = $39
Sales commission per pager = $2.90
To allocate the facility-level costs to the pagers, we need to calculate the total facility-level costs and divide them by the total number of units produced (6,900 modems and 2,900 pagers):
Total facility-level costs = Depreciation on manufacturing equipment + Rent on manufacturing facility + Depreciation on administrative equipment + Other fixed administrative expenses
Total facility-level costs = $79,000 + $69,000 + $17,700 + $81,450 = $247,150
Facility-level cost per pager = Total facility-level costs / Total number of units produced
Facility-level cost per pager = $247,150 / 2,900 = $85.021
Total cost per pager = Unit-level manufacturing cost + Sales commission + Facility-level cost
Total cost per pager = $39 + $2.90 + $85.021 = $126.911
b. If the pagers could be sold at a price of $53 each, we can calculate the profit per unit as follows:
Profit per pager = Selling price - Total cost per pager
Profit per pager = $53 - $126.911 = -$73.911
Since the profit per pager is negative, it means that the cost of producing and selling the pagers is higher than the revenue generated from selling them.
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Corey Corporation manufactures joint products W and X. During a recent period, joint costs amounted to $300,000 in the production of 20,000 gallons of W and 60,000 gallons of X. Both products will be processed beyond the split-off point, giving rise to the following data: W X Separable processing costs $ 40,000 $ 160,000 Sales price (per gallon) if processed beyond split-off $ 14 $ 12 The joint cost allocated to W under the net-realizable-value method would be:
Therefore, the joint cost allocated to W under the net-realizable-value method would be $84,000.
Under the net-realizable-value method, the joint cost allocated to each joint product is based on the estimated sales value of the product after it has been processed beyond the split-off point. In this case, the total joint cost is $300,000 and the joint products W and X are produced in quantities of 20,000 gallons and 60,000 gallons respectively.
To allocate the joint cost to each product, we need to calculate the net realizable value of each product. For W, the separable processing cost is $40,000 and the sales price per gallon if processed beyond split-off is $14. Therefore, the net realizable value of W is (20,000 gallons x $14) - $40,000 = $220,000.
To allocate the joint cost to W, we need to calculate the proportion of the total net realizable value that W represents. This is calculated as follows:
W's net realizable value / (W's net realizable value + X's net realizable value)
= $220,000 / ($220,000 + X's net realizable value)
We can solve for X's net realizable value by using the same calculation, but with the given data for X:
X's net realizable value / (W's net realizable value + X's net realizable value)
= $12 per gallon x 60,000 gallons - $160,000 / ($220,000 + X's net realizable value)
Solving these equations simultaneously, we get X's net realizable value = $680,000.
Finally, we can allocate the joint cost to W using the proportion we calculated earlier:
Joint cost allocated to W = Total joint cost x (W's net realizable value / Total net realizable value)
= $300,000 x ($220,000 / ($220,000 + $680,000))
= $84,000
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Sam Strother and Shawna Tibbs are vice presidents of Mutual of.
Sam Strother and Shawna Tibbs are vice presidents of Mutual of Seattle Insurance Company and co-directors of the company's pension fund management division. An important new client, the North-Western Municipal Alliance, has requested that Mutual of Seattle present an investment seminar to the mayors of the represented cities, and Strother and Tibbs, who will make the actual presentation, have asked you to help them by answering the following questions.
a. What are the key features of a bond?
b. What are call provisions and sinking fund provisions? Do these provisions make bonds more or less risky?
c. How does one determine the value of any asset whose value is based on expected future cash flows?
d. How is the value of a bond determined? What is the value of a 10-year, $1,000 par value bond with a 10% annual coupon if its required rate of return is 10%?
e. (1) What would be the value of the bond described in Part d if, just after it had been issued, the expected inflation rate rose by 3 percentage points, causing investors to require a 13% return? Would we now have a discount or a premium bond?
e. (2) What would happen to the bond's value if inflation fell and declined to 7%? Would we now have a premium or a discount bond?
e. (3) What would happen to the value of the 10-year bond over time if the required rate of return remained at 13%? If it remained at 7%? (Hint: With a financial calculator, enter PMT, I/YR, FV, and N, and then change N to see what happens to the PV as the bond approaches maturity. )
f. (1) What is the yield to maturity on a 10-year, 9% annual coupon, $1,000 par value bond that sells for $887. 00? That sells for $1,134. 20? What does the fact that a bond sells at a discount or at a premium tell you about the relationship between and the bond's coupon rate?
f. (2) What are the total return, the current yield, and the capital gains yield for the discount bond? (Assume the bond is held to maturity and the company does not default on the bond. )
Answer:
Mutual of Seattle insurance company
In 2021, Ryan Management collected rent revenue for 2022 tenant occupancy. For financial reporting, the rent is recorded as deferred revenue and then recognized as revenue in the period tenants occupy rental property. For tax reporting, the rent is taxed when collected in 2021. The deferred portion of the rent collected in 2021 was $130. 0 million. No temporary differences existed at the beginning of the year, and the tax rate is 25%. Suppose the deferred portion of the rent collected was $60 million at the end of 2022. Taxable income is $520 million.
Required:
Prepare the appropriate journal entry to record income taxes Iin 2022
To prepare the journal entry to record income taxes in 2022, follow these steps:
Determine the temporary difference between the deferred rent revenue for financial reporting and tax reporting purposes.
Temporary difference = Deferred revenue at the end of 2022 - Deferred revenue at the beginning of the year
Temporary difference = $60 million - $130 million = -$70 million
Calculate the deferred tax liability or asset related to the temporary difference.
Deferred tax liability/asset = Temporary difference × Tax rate
Deferred tax liability/asset = -$70 million × 25%
Deferred tax liability/asset = -$17.5 million
Since the result is negative, this is a deferred tax asset.
3. Calculate the income tax expense.
Taxable income = $520 million
Income tax expense = Taxable income × Tax rate
Income tax expense = $520 million × 25%
Income tax expense = $130 million
4. Determine the change in deferred tax asset.
Change in deferred tax asset = -$17.5 million (calculated in step 2)
5. Prepare the journal entry for income taxes in 2022.
Debit: Income tax expense = $130 million
Debit: Deferred tax asset = $17.5 million
Credit: Income tax payable = $147.5 million
The journal entry for recording income taxes in 2022 would be:
Income Tax Expense 130,000,000
Deferred Tax Asset 17,500,000
Income Tax Payable 147,500,000
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Prepare a master budget for the months of january, february, and march that has the following budgets:1. sales budgets.2. merchandise purchases budgets.3. selling expense budgets.4. general and administrative expense budgets. hint: depreciation is included in the general and administrative budget for merchandisers.5. capital expenditures budgets.6. cash budgets.7. budgeted income statement for entire quarter (not monthly) ended march 31.8. budgeted balance sheet as of march 31.
Preparing a master budget for the months of January, February, and March involves creating budgets for various areas of the business. First, the sales budget should be established, which outlines the expected sales revenue for each month.
Based on the sales budget, the merchandise purchases budget can be created to determine the amount of inventory that needs to be purchased for resale.
Next, the selling expense budget should be created, which outlines the costs associated with selling the merchandise. The general and administrative expense budget should also be established, which includes depreciation for merchandisers.
The capital expenditures budget should be created to determine any anticipated investments in assets during the quarter. The cash budget should also be established, which outlines the anticipated cash inflows and outflows for the quarter.
Finally, a budgeted income statement and balance sheet should be created for the entire quarter ending March 31st. By creating these budgets, the business can better plan and manage their finances for the quarter.
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Identify each of the following reconciling items as:
a. An addition to the cash balance according to the bank statement
b. A deduction from the cash balance according to the bank statement
c. An addition to the cash balance according to the company's records
d. A deduction from the cash balance according to the company's records
Item Treatment
1. Bank service charges, $75.
2. Check of a customer returned by bank to company because of insufficient funds, $880.
3. Check for $275 incorrectly recorded by the company as $725.
4. Check for $100 incorrectly charged by bank as $1,000.
5. Deposit in transit, $5,550.
6. Outstanding checks, $10,350
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Both investors and gamblers take on risk. the difference between an investor and a gambler is that an investor _______.
Both investors and gamblers take on risk, the difference between an investor and a gambler is that an investor risk management.
An investor aims to minimize risk and maximize returns by conducting thorough research, analyzing market trends and making informed decisions. They carefully consider the potential risks and rewards before investing their money in a diversified portfolio. In contrast, a gambler takes on risk with the hope of making quick profits through chance and luck. They rely on speculation, intuition and emotion to make their bets, often without proper research or analysis.
Furthermore, investors typically have a long-term perspective, aiming to build wealth over time through steady growth and income. They understand that there may be occasional losses or setbacks, but remain committed to their investment strategy. On the other hand, gamblers seek immediate gratification and high-risk, high-reward outcomes. They may experience short-term success, but are more likely to suffer significant losses in the long run.
Overall, the difference between an investor and a gambler is that an investor approaches risk management with discipline, knowledge and patience, while a gambler relies on chance and emotion to make decisions.
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A standard ocean cargo container is 40 feet long, 8 feet wide and 8. 6 feet tall. For the purposes of this project, when it is completely filled each container can hold up to 44,000 cellphones, and the transportation cost is $3,000 per container. How much will it cost per cellphone to use this mode of transportation?
Given the transportation cost is $3,000 per container, it will cost $0.0682 per cellphone to use this mode of transportation.
To determine the cost per cellphone to use this mode of transportation, we need to first calculate how many cell phones can fit in a standard ocean cargo container.
The volume of a standard ocean cargo container is calculated by multiplying its length, width, and height, which gives us:
40 ft x 8 ft x 8.6 ft = 2,764.8 cubic feet
Since each cellphone takes up very little space, we can assume that the 44,000 cellphones can fit within the container without affecting its overall volume.
Therefore, the cost per cellphone can be calculated by dividing the transportation cost per container ($3,000) by the number of cellphones in a container (44,000), as follows:
$3,000 ÷ 44,000 = $0.0682 per cellphone
Therefore, it will cost $0.0682 per cellphone to use this mode of transportation.
It's important to note that this calculation only considers the transportation cost per cellphone and does not take into account other costs such as import/export fees, insurance, customs clearance, or any other costs associated with shipping goods internationally.
These additional costs will need to be factored in to determine the total cost per cellphone of using this mode of transportation.
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"Gross margin is how much the retailer makes after ____a) the discount on the goods sold is subtracted from sales.b) the discount on the goods sold is added to sales.c) the cost of the goods sold"
Gross margin is the difference between the revenue generated from the sales of goods and the cost of goods sold. The correct answer is c).
Gross margin is a financial metric that represents the amount of money a retailer earns from the sale of its products after deducting the cost of the goods sold (COGS). It is calculated by subtracting the COGS from the total revenue generated from sales.
Therefore, option c) "the cost of the goods sold" is the correct answer. Option a) "the discount on the goods sold is subtracted from sales" and b) "the discount on the goods sold is added to sales" are incorrect because discounts are not factored into the calculation of gross margin.
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All sales are made on credit. Based on past experience, the company estimates 2. 0% of ending account receivable to be uncollectible. What adjusting entry should the company make at the end of the current year to record its estimated bad debts expense
Adjustment entry:
Debit: the Bad Debts Expense account
Credit: The Allowance for Doubtful Accounts account
The company needs to make an adjusting entry at the end of the current year to record its estimated bad debts expense. To do this, the company should follow these steps:
1. Calculate the estimated bad debts expense: Multiply the ending accounts receivable balance by the estimated uncollectible percentage (2.0%).
2. Record the adjusting entry: Debit the Bad Debts Expense account and credit the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts account with the calculated amount from step 1.
At the end of the current year, the company should make an adjusting entry by debiting the Bad Debts Expense account and crediting the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts account with the amount calculated as 2.0% of ending accounts receivable.
This will appropriately record the estimated bad debts expense based on past experience.
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The Meldrum Co. Expects to sell 3,375 units, ± 18 percent, of a new product. The variable cost per unit is $6, ± 6 percent, and the annual fixed costs are $12,600, ± 9 percent. The sale price is $26 a unit, ± 6 percent. The project requires $24,625 of fixed assets which will be depreciated straight-line to zero during the six-year project, and can't be salvaged at the project's conclusion. Also required is $9,000 of net working capital for the life of the project. The tax rate is 21 percent and the required rate of return is 15 percent. What is the net present value of the pessimistic scenario?
Please demonstrate all steps, and do not round until the final answer. Thank you!
The net present value of the pessimistic scenario is calculated to be -$1,221, indicating that the project may not be a viable investment under pessimistic conditions.
To calculate the net present value (NPV) of the pessimistic scenario, we need to estimate the cash flows associated with the project over its six-year life. First, let's determine the expected sales volume. The expected sales volume is 3,375 units, but with a range of ±18%, the pessimistic scenario would result in sales of 2,767 units (3,375 - 18% x 3,375).
Next, we need to calculate the pessimistic estimates for the variable cost per unit and the sale price per unit. The variable cost per unit is $6, but with a range of ±6%, the pessimistic scenario would result in a variable cost of $5.64 ($6 - 6% x $6). The sale price per unit is $26, but with a range of ±6%, the pessimistic scenario would result in a sale price of $24.44 ($26 - 6% x $26).
Using these figures, we can calculate the cash flows for each year of the project. The fixed costs are $12,600, but with a range of ±9%, the pessimistic scenario would result in fixed costs of $11,466 ($12,600 - 9% x $12,600).
The depreciation expense for the fixed assets is $4,104 per year ($24,625 ÷ 6). The net working capital required is $9,000 for the life of the project.
The pre-tax cash flows for each year of the project are as follows:
Year 0: -$33,625 (initial investment of $24,625 in fixed assets and $9,000 in net working capital)
Year 1: $20,088 [(2,767 x $24.44) - (2,767 x $5.64) - $11,466 - $4,104]
Year 2: $20,088
Year 3: $20,088
Year 4: $20,088
Year 5: $20,088
Year 6: $16,246 [(2,767 x $24.44) - (2,767 x $5.64) - $11,466 - $4,104]
To calculate the after-tax cash flows, we need to apply the tax rate of 21% to the pre-tax cash flows for each year.
Year 0: -$33,625
Year 1: $15,862
Year 2: $15,862
Year 3: $15,862
Year 4: $15,862
Year 5: $15,862
Year 6: $12,816
Using the required rate of return of 15%, we can calculate the present value of each cash flow. The present value of the cash flows for the pessimistic scenario is -$1,221.
Therefore, the net present value of the pessimistic scenario is -$1,221, which means that the project would result in a negative net present value under this scenario. This suggests that the project may not be a viable investment under pessimistic conditions.
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fortune company uses a predetermined overhead rate based on direct labor-hours to apply manufacturing overhead to jobs. on october 1, the estimates for the month were: manufacturing overhead$17,000 direct labor-hours 13,600 during october, the actual results were: manufacturing overhead$18,500 direct labor-hours 12,000 the cost records for october will show:
The cost records for October will show actual manufacturing overhead of $18,500, applied manufacturing overhead of $15,000, and an unfavorable overhead variance of $3,500.
The predetermined overhead rate is calculated by dividing the estimated manufacturing overhead by the estimated direct labor-hours. Therefore, Fortune Company's predetermined overhead rate is $17,000 ÷ 13,600 hours = $1.25 per direct labor-hour.
Based on the actual results for October, Fortune Company incurred $18,500 of manufacturing overhead and used 12,000 direct labor-hours. Using the predetermined overhead rate of $1.25 per direct labor-hour, the amount of manufacturing overhead applied to jobs is $1.25 × 12,000 hours = $15,000.
The difference between the actual manufacturing overhead incurred and the manufacturing overhead applied to jobs is known as the overhead variance. In this case, the overhead variance is $18,500 - $15,000 = $3,500 unfavorable.
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Here are the comparative income statements of carla vista corporation.
carla vista corporation
comparative income statement
for the years ended december 31
2022 2021
net sales $637,500 $555,200
cost of goods sold 454,100 418,600
gross profit 183,400 136,600
operating expenses 74,500 48,700
net income $ 108,900 $ 87,900
(a) prepare a horizontal analysis of the income statement data for carla vista corporation, using 2021 as a base. (if amount and percentage are a decrease show the numbers as negative, e.g. -55,000, -20% or (55,000), (20%)).
(b) prepare a vertical analysis of the income statement data for carla vista corporation for both years.
The horizontal analysis shows that Carla Vista Corporation's net sales increased by 14.8% and net income increased by 23.9% from 2021 to 2022. The vertical analysis reveals that the cost of goods sold decreased as a percentage of net sales, while gross profit and operating expenses increased as a percentage of net sales in 2022 compared to 2021.
Horizontal Analysis
Carla Vista Corporation
Horizontal Analysis of Income Statement
For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
2022 2021 Increase (Decrease)
Net sales $ 637,500 $555,200 $82,300 (14.8%)
Cost of goods sold $ 454,100 $ 418,600 $ 35,500 (8.5%)
Gross profit $ 183,400 $ 136,600 $ 46,800 (34.3%)
Operating expenses $ 74,500 $ 48,700 $ 25,800 (52.9%)
Net income $ 108,900 $ 87,900 $ 21,000 (23.9%)
Vertical Analysis
Carla Vista Corporation
Vertical Analysis of Income Statement
For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021
2022 2021
Net sales 100.0% 100.0%
Cost of goods sold 71.3% 75.4%
Gross profit 28.7% 24.6%
Operating expenses 11.7% 8.8%
Net income 17.1% 15.8%
Vertical analysis shows the percentage relationship of each item to the base amount (net sales).
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maximum 4 lines per technique description!
Briefly describe each of the five brainstorming techniques mentioned:
1)Brainstorming circle
2)Reverse brainstorming
3)Tear-down
4)Phillips 66 groups (buzz groups)
5)Delphi method
1) Brainstorming circle is a technique where participants sit in a circle and take turns sharing ideas.
2) Reverse brainstorming is a technique where participants identify problems rather than solutions.
3) Tear-down is a technique to evaluate an existing idea or product.
4) Phillips 66 groups is a technique where participants are divided into small groups of 6 for 6 minutes to brainstorm ideas.
5) Delphi method is a technique involving experts answering questions on a topic.
A brief explanation of each of the given brainstorming techniques are:1) Brainstorming circle: In a brainstorming circle, participants sit in a circle and take turns sharing ideas related to a specific topic, allowing for structured and focused discussions. Each idea can be built upon by the next person in the circle.
2) Reverse brainstorming: This technique involves identifying potential problems or difficulties instead of solutions, and then brainstorming ways to prevent or overcome those issues, promoting innovative thinking. Participants focus on finding ways to make a problem worse instead of finding solutions. Then, they flip those ideas to create solutions.
3) Tear-down: In a tear-down, participants analyze an existing product or idea, identifying its weaknesses or flaws, and brainstorm improvements or alternative solutions. Participants analyze an existing product or idea and identify its flaws. Then, they brainstorm ways to improve it.
4) Phillips 66 groups (buzz groups): In this method, participants are divided into small groups of six people, given a specific topic, and allowed six minutes to brainstorm and discuss ideas before sharing with the larger group. This process is repeated for a total of six rounds.
5) Delphi method: The Delphi method involves using a panel of experts to answer a series of questions or provide input on a topic, with each round of responses being summarized and shared with the panel for further discussion, leading to a consensus or more refined insights.
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b) They hire a new employee and after orientation, they collect the person's state
ID, social security number, and other important documents. At this point, what
responsibility do the two friends have as it pertains to regulation? Which guidelines
does this correspond with? (2 points)
Based on the given information, The guidelines do correspond with General Data Protection Regulation highlighting personal information.
As the context seems incomplete the answer is written in generalise manner.
When new employees start working for a firm, their personal information and other sensitive data must be collected and stored in accordance with numerous requirements to preserve their privacy and security.
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), is a comprehensive data protection law that applies to firms operating in the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA).
The GDPR requires businesses to seek explicit consent from individuals before collecting and processing their personal information, as well as to adopt sufficient technical and organizational safeguards to secure that data from unauthorized access or disclosure.
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a monopoly misallocates resources when it sells the same product to different groups of customers at different prices. exploits scale economies. restricts output so that the marginal benefit of the last unit sold exceeds the marginal social cost of producing the good.
A monopoly misallocates resources when it restrict the output so that the benefit of the additional unit produced and sold would exceed the marginal social cost of producing that unit of good. The right answer is c.
Monopoly is frequently criticised because it causes resource allocation to be economically inefficient. When resources are distributed among the production of products in a way that promotes societal welfare, economic efficiency is attained.
Resources are improperly allocated in monopolies, which reduces societal welfare. The amount that consumers pay for a product when it is sold in monopolistic circumstances is higher than its marginal cost. The monopolist benefits at the expense of the consumer as a result of this increased price.
The correct answer is option c.
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the preferred stock of dolphin pools pays an annual dividend of $5.20 a share and sells for $48 a share. the tax rate is 21 percent. what is the firm's cost of preferred stock? group of answer choices 15.59% 10.94% 16.47% 9.67% 10.83%
The tax rate is 21 percent. The firm's cost of preferred stock is 10.83%.
The cost of preferred stock is the dividend paid on the preferred stock divided by the net proceeds from the sale of the preferred stock. The net proceeds are the sale price of the preferred stock less any flotation costs.
Annual dividend = $5.20 per share
Sale price = $48 per share
Tax rate = 21%
Flotation costs are not given in the problem, so it is assumed that there are no flotation costs. Therefore, the net proceeds from the sale of preferred stock will be equal to the sale price.
Rp = $5.20/$48 = .1083, or 10.83 percent
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You are the logistics manager for a manufacturing company that is establishing a new product line. Your company is building a production facility and a co-located distribution center to accommodate the new line. What are some important issues and considerations relating to planning the inventory management system for the new facilities? Fullysupport your response.
Some important issues and considerations relating to planning the inventory management system for the new facilities are forecasting, capacity planning, reorder point, quality control, cycle counting and warehouse layout.
Planning the inventory management systemThe following are important issues and considerations to take into account while planning the inventory management system for the new facilities:
Forecasting: The production forecast must be determined to plan inventory management, including timing and quantity of incoming goods, which will be required for the production of the product line. This would also be influenced by the availability of raw materials, such as raw material suppliers.
Capacity planning: Forecasted demand for the new line will influence the capacity planning of the production and co-located distribution centers, which will influence inventory requirements to meet the forecasted demand.
Reorder point: A reorder point is the inventory level at which new stock must be ordered. The reorder point must be set correctly to ensure that stock levels do not fall below this point, resulting in delayed production and customer dissatisfaction. The reorder point is influenced by the demand forecast, lead times, and safety stock levels.
Quality Control: Aspects such as lead times and supplier performance influence quality control levels. Quality control levels determine the quality of goods that are accepted from suppliers before being used in the production of the product line. When goods from suppliers do not meet quality control requirements, the production line may be interrupted and the delivery of finished goods may be delayed. The finished goods can not be shipped out of the co-located distribution centers until the quality control procedures have been met.
Cycle counting: This is a physical count of inventory quantities that are performed at regular intervals to validate the accuracy of the inventory records. Cycle counting increases inventory accuracy, which reduces the need for safety stocks and unnecessary inventory quantities. Cycle counting needs to be scheduled and must consider production, distribution, and safety stock levels.
Warehouse layout: The design of the co-located distribution centers and production facilities will influence how materials and goods are handled, as well as how they are tracked, counted, and managed.
To maximize efficiency, there must be efficient use of space and resources, ensuring that goods are moved quickly and correctly.
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which risk analysis metric produces a distribution of net present values and internal rates of return? scenario analysis monte carlo simulations break-even analysis sensitivity analysis
Monte Carlo simulations are a risk analysis technique used in financial modeling to generate a distribution of possible outcomes for net present values (NPV) and internal rates of return (IRR) based on various input parameters or assumptions.
Monte Carlo simulations. The correct answer is B.
It involves running multiple simulations with different combinations of input variables to estimate the probability of different outcomes and assess the risk associated with a particular project or investment.
Scenario analysis, on the other hand, involves evaluating the impact of different scenarios or scenarios on project outcomes without generating a distribution of values. Break-even analysis is a financial analysis technique used to determine the level of sales or revenue needed to cover all costs and achieve a zero-profit position.
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Complete Question
The question is asking which risk analysis metric produces a distribution of net present values (NPV) and internal rates of return (IRR) as part of its output. The options provided are:
A. Scenario analysis
B. Monte Carlo simulations
C. Break-even analysis
D. Sensitivity analysis
Mention the importance of saddle point in game theory?
Saddle point in game theory is an outcome that occurs when both players choose the optimal strategy, and no other strategy provides a better outcome for either player.
A saddle point is a point of equilibrium in a game in which both sides have alternatives that are equal and stable.
In game theory, the saddle point is significant for the following reasons: In game theory, the saddle point is a concept that assists in determining the best possible strategy.
It is a factor that can be considered when determining the winner of a game. A game that relies on an understanding of probability theory can be played in a risk-free manner using a saddle point.
A game's complexity can be reduced by using a saddle point, which in turn makes the game simpler and easier to grasp. It is beneficial for judging the overall worth of a game.
The worst-case scenario for one person can be determined by using a saddle point, which also helps to determine how much damage will be done by the scenario.
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2. Which transportation problem will result in highest and lowest solution for same problem?
The transportation problem that will result in the highest and lowest solution for the same problem is when there is an unbalanced transportation model with more supply than demand or vice versa.
In such cases, there are multiple ways to balance the model by adding dummy sources or destinations. These dummy sources or destinations have zero supply or demand but they help in balancing the model.
The highest solution will occur when the model is balanced in favor of the supply side. In this scenario, the total cost of transportation will be at its maximum as there will be unused supply that will incur additional cost. On the other hand, the lowest solution will occur when the model is balanced in favor of the demand side. In this scenario, the total cost of transportation will be at its minimum as all demand will be met and there will be no additional cost incurred.
Therefore, it is important to balance the transportation model to optimize cost and minimize waste. By doing so, the transportation problem will result in a solution that is both efficient and effective.
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