Answer:
oncology
hope it is the correct answer
why is it necessary to seperate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mamals and birds? explain
Answer:
It is necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate in mammals and birds to maintain their body temperature. Also, if they both are mixed, the blood will get impure and it would be difficult for the heart to supply impure blood. We also can't live with impure blood so we most probably will die.
. As biochemists we are aware that the sequence of proteins influences their 3D structure and that these structures ultimately define the final function of each protein. Give these facts explain how the sequence and structure of K+ channels influence what ions are to be transported.
Answer:
See below
Explanation:
Potassium channels have the ability to allow only potassium ions to pass through with a remarkable accuracy. This is achieved due to the presence of a selectivity filter. There are 8 molecules of water that surround this filter. If the K+ ion is to go through the filter, it will have to lose these molecules. The dimensions of this pore, as determined by its 3D structure, correspond only to the K+ ions and not Na+ ions which are smaller in size and thus, will not be able to pass through the filter.
Explain the differences between osteoporosis osteoclasts and osteocytes. How do these cells work together to remodel bone? What happens if the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts are imbalanced
Answer:
Osteoporosis is a condition when bones get porous and break easily, while
Osteocytes are what people call virgin bone cells (or osteoblasts) once they become hardened into place.
Osteoclasts break down bone when it grows beyond where it needs to be.
Explanation:
Throughout our lives, bone is deposited, broken down, and replaced. When an arm or leg is broken, the blood vessels at the area have the ability to increase calcium phosphate deposition to help heal the break. Newly trapped osteoblasts, called osteocytes, form the new bone framework. These cells can no longer produce new bone and become the basic framework for the new bone.
Osteoclasts, the second type of bone cell, are specialized to dissolve bone. As bones grow, they need to be reshaped. Simply add- ing layer upon layer of calcium phosphate would not maintain the proper shape of the bone. Therefore, as bones grow, the osteoclasts secrete enzymes that help dissolve certain areas of the bone.
compare the innate and adaptive responses to repeated challenge with the same antigen by sketching the immune response curve over time
Answer:
Innate immunity is defined as the first line of defense against infections and faster than adaptive immunity while adaptive immunity is second or third line of defense mediated by the T and B lymphocytes.
Adaptive immunity forms memory cells for the same antigen while innate immunity do not.
As shown in the graph below, when an antigen enter in the body for the first time, our immune system response with innate immunity and response immediately with several symptoms such as sneezing, swelling or redness et-cetra. Then after few days adaptive immunity forms which is mediated by the T and B lymphocytes by forming against the antigen.
Now if the body exposed to the same antigen again (Secondary exposure), the immune system shows amplified response as it has already formed memory cells against the antigen.
What is genetic engineering and important of genetic engineering
Answer: Genetic engineering is manipulating or modication an organisms' dna or cells.
Cloning is a great example of genetic engineering.
Explanation: it is important because it is use to produce medicine such as Insulin and other vaccines for dfferent diseases.
Hope this helped :)
three disadvantages of capture-mark-recapture method?
Answer:
The disadvantages of the given instance are mentioned below.
Explanation:
This analysis seems to be a tool device used to evaluate the proportion of the population.
Disadvantages:
The effectiveness is dependent on a significant portion of the number of people is being recorded. Animal marks may have a drastic impact on either the animals.This approach does indeed have a certain drawback because that's not a very suitable technique.Zoe wants to replace the letters on her diagram with labels that describe how the nerves and muscles communicated with each other to trigger her reflexive response. What should her labels be? Should she eliminate any letters from this pathway?
Hello. This question is incomplete. You forgot to attach the image that completes the question.
The image is attached below:
Answer:
A- Sensory Neuron
B- Spinal cord
C- Effector neuron
D - Brain
Explanation:
Sensory neuron: Its main function is to allow the reception of stimuli that are transformed into nervous impulses and electrical signals, capable of realizing sensations, such as a peliscão, for example. These impulses are transmitted to the spinal cord. Spinal cord: The main function is to support the body in an upright and vertical position. It also has the function of transmitting electrical signals and nerve impulses between some parts of the body and the brain. Effector neuron: Its main function is to receive muscle stimuli capable of creating muscle contractions. These neurons are located in the spinal cord. Brain: the processing center receives all the stimuli sent by the bone marrow. Its main function, in this case, is to produce bodily responses to the stimuli it has received, producing muscle movement.Answer:
A: skin detects sharp nerve
B: spinal cord receives signal from sensory
C: the nerve impulse the muscle to contract
Zoe should remove the the brain from this pathway because a reflexive motor response doesn’t travel to the brain.
Explanation:
Place in correct order the following steps in the process of appositional growth of cartilage. a: New matrix is produced and secreted. b: Chondrocytes differentiate, each in its own lacuna. c: Stem cells undergo mitosis. d: Committed cells differentiate into chondroblasts.
Answer:
c: stem cells mitosis stem.
d: the compromised cells differentiate into chondroblasts.
a: New matrix is produced and secreted.
b: Chondrocytes differ, each in its own gap.
Explanation:
The appositional growth of cartilage occurs in an appositional order, thus generating these cartilage structures to give future bone structures or mature cartilages themselves.
In the cartilage of growth of long bones this process happens.
Chondroblasts are differentiated cells that can form the extracellular matrix, and chondrocytes would be the mature form of these that are submerged in their MEC once they reach the secretion limit.
The constant cartilage of cellular, mineral and organic structures, with organic compounds predominating (almost 80 percent are collagen fibers, proteoglycans and glycoproteins), that is why this tissue has a certain elasticity.
(a).
Describe how you could safely
test for starch in potatoes
Answer:
In the presence of starch, iodine turns black.
Explanation:
It is possible to distinguish starch from glucose using iodine solution.
Hope it helps.
Okay.
Stay safe.
Thanks.
Neurons transmit signals to the central nervous system. The brain processes this information to initiate a response. Two neurons communicate with each other through the . The is released at the site to initiate action potential and carry the signal through the body.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Neurons transmit signals to the central nervous system. The brain processes this information to initiate a response. Two neurons communicate with each other through the ( axon , dendrite, synapse) . The ( cerebrospinal cord, glial cell, neurotransmitter) is released at the site to initiate action potential and carry the signal through the body.
Answer:
synapse
neurotransmitter
Explanation:
Neurons are the basic units for the transmission of signals to the central nervous system. The two neurons are connected through the syanpse. Synapse is the space or junction between two nerve cells, or neurons.
The neuron receives signals through dendrites and two neurons communicate with each other through a chemical called neurotransmitter, which is released at the end of a nerve fibre and carry the signal through the body.
Hence, the correct answers are synapse and neurotransmitter.
Two neurons communicate with each other through the synapse which contains a chemical known as a neurotransmitter which is released at the site to initiate action potential and carry the signal through the body.
Neurons are specialized cells whose functions are to receive and transmit information from the external environment to the internal environment and vice versa.
They are the basic units of the brain and the nervous system.
The nervous system consists of two parts:
The central nervous system made up of the brain and spinal cord, and The peripheral nervous system consisting of the cranial nerves, the spinal nerves, the sympathetic nervous system, and the parasympathetic nervous system.Neurons transmit signals to the central nervous system. The brain processes this information to initiate a response.
Two neurons communicate with each other through the synapse. A synapse is the space or junction between two nerve cells, or neurons.
A chemical called a neurotransmitter is present at the end of the neuron before the synapse known as the presynaptic end.The neurotransmitter is released into the synapse via vesicles known as synaptic vesicles.The synaptic vesicles fuses with the membrane of the second neuron and the neurotransmitter is released initiating another action potential and carry the signal through the body.Therefore, two neurons communicate with each other through the synapse which contains a chemical known as a neurotransmitter which is released at the site to initiate action potential and carry the signal through the body.
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You are doing an experiment in which you are using an in vitro translation system derived from rabbit reticulocytes, called a rabbit reticulocyte lysate, to translate mRNA in a test tube. The rabbit reticulocyte lysate contains ribosomes, translation initiation and elongation factors, tRNAs, aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, release factors, amino acids, and ATP. The lysate does not contain any mRNA, so you must add the mRNA you would like to translate to the system. A. When you analyze the proteins made from your lysate, you find that they are all only two amino acids long. At first, you think that there must be a mutation to a stop codon in the position of the third codon, so you do another experiment with a different mRNA. Again, all the newly synthesized proteins are only two amino acids long, so you conclude that there is a problem with some component in your lysate.
Describe ONE possible problem in the translation system (lysate) that would result in the limitation of newly synthesized peptides to two amino acids in length.
Answer:
Problems with transfection efficiency or absence of essential mRNA modifications (capping and poly-A tail)
Explanation:
Translation is the process of protein synthesis from RNA in which the genetic information encoded in a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is translated into a protein sequence composed of amino acids. Translation has three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. During translation, different elements are required to initiate, continue and complete the process, which include essential molecules such as amino acids, mRNA, tRNAs, ribosomes, energy-carrying molecules (i.e., ATP, GTP), initiation factors (i.e., eIF1A, eIF3, etc) and elongation factors (eEF-2, EIF5A). For example, humans can't synthesize nine essential amino acids (i.e., threonine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, valine, methionine, leucine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine), thereby it is imperative to include these amino acids to synthesize proteins composed of them. On the other hand, it is also fundamental to take into account that the efficiency of transfection of the molecules required during translation, as well as the absence of modifications in the mature mRNA sequence, may alter the process in vitro.
Matching - some phyla may have more than one answer, some may have none.
1. Urochordata
2. Cephalochordata
3. Petromyzontida
4. Chonrichthyes
5. Actinopterygii
6. Sarcopterygii
7. Amphibia
8. Reptilia
9. Mammalia
10. Not a Chordate
A. Sting ray
B. Catfish
C. Newt
D. Sea squirt
E. Chestnut lamprey
F. Otter
G. Sea horse
H. Horse
I. Cormorant
J. Chimaera
K. Leopard frog
L. Caiman
M. Hellbender
N. Tunicate
O. Bald eagle
P. Sea star
Q. Echidna
R. Bandicoot
S. Cottonmouth
T. Sea lamprey
U. Tuatara
V. Flamingo
W. Lancelet
X. Caecillians
Y. Human
Z. Sawfish
Answer:
Matching - some phyla may have more than one answer, some may have none.
Explanation:
Urochordata: sea squirt, tunicate
Cephalochordata: lancelet
Petromyzontida: sea lamprey, chestnut lamprey
Chonrichthyes : stingray, saw fish, catfish, sea horse, chimaera
Actinopterygii: catfish, lampreys, sawfish
Sarcopterrygii:
Amphibia : newt, leopard frog, hell bender, caecillians
Reptilia: cotton mouth, caiman, tuatara, flamingo,cormant
Mammalia : human, horse, otter, bandicoot, echidna horse
Not a Chordate : sea star
1. Segmentation first evolved in the organisms of phylum Annelida, and vertebrates evolved more recently. How does the vertebrate body plan display segmentation and what are some associated benefits
Answer:
Segmentation is a part of characteristic of the body plans of various goup of animals including the annelids, and recently developed vertebrates. There are three different segmental systems origin in development of the vertebrates that are - the somites, the rhombomeres and the pharyngeal arches.
benefits of the segmentation development are -
Different type of anatomical and morphological developments are helps in facilitate specific functions are led by the segmented body.
Paraxial mesoderm also have segmentation that helps in lateral movement
It also helps in the consistent and fast interaction or communication in the neuronal system.
Most mornings, Randy listens to his favorite song as he gets ready for work, including putting in his contacts. One afternoon, Randy hears his
favorite song playing, and his eyes start watering... something that usually happens only when he puts his contacts in. This is an example of
classical conditioning. What is the unconditioned stimulus?
a. eye watering
b. the contacts
c. the song
d. getting ready for work
Correct answer is B!
--------------------------------
If you see meaning of "Unconditioned stimulus", you will see the right answer, firstly what does "Unconditioned Stimulus" means, it means any stimulus that naturally evokes a specific response; see also conditioning. If I would go with choices I would choose correct answer B.
--------------------------------
Hope this helps!
Brainliest would be great!
--------------------------------
I COULD BE WRONG, IF I'M PLEASE CORRECT ME!
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With all care,
07x12!
Images of unreplicated chromosomes that allow researchers to organize and identify each chromosome, as well as missing or extra chromosomes is called a(n) _____.
Answer:
karyotype
Explanation:
The correct answer would be a karyotype.
A karyotype is an image of isolated and purified chromosomes of an organism taking under the microscope. The chromosomes in the image are then cut-out using an appropriate instrument and then arranged according to their sizes from the smallest to the largest. From this arrangement, missing or extra chromosomes can easily be revealed.
The entire process is called karyotyping.
Which is produced around a wire when an electrical current is in the wire?
O magnetic field
O solenoid
o electron flow
O electromagnet
Answer:
electron flow
Explanation:
Electron flow is produced around a wire when an electrical current is in the wire.
Hope it helps.
When an electrical current flows through a wire, a magnetic field is produced around the wire.
Why magnetic fields are produced?This is due to the interaction between the moving charges (electrons) in the wire and the magnetic field they create. The direction and strength of the magnetic field depend on the direction and strength of the current flowing through the wire.
This magnetic field can be strengthened by wrapping the wire around a core made of a ferromagnetic material like iron, creating an electromagnet.
The more coils of wire around the core, the stronger the magnetic field will be. A solenoid is a type of electromagnet with a cylindrical shape that can be used to create a uniform magnetic field in a specific area.
A solenoid is a type of electromagnet with a cylindrical shape that is created by wrapping a wire around a cylinder or core. Solenoids are used in a wide range of applications, including valves, switches, and relays.
When a current flows through the wire, it creates a uniform magnetic field inside the solenoid that can be used to move a plunger or actuator. Solenoids are also used in MRI machines, which use powerful magnetic fields to create images of the inside of the body.
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The iris in the human eye contracts and expands, controlling the amount of light that reaches the retina. What types of muscle control this?To which skeletal system does the sternum belong?
Answer:
1. sphincter muscle and dilator muscle
2. Axial skeleton
Explanation:
1.The iris in the human eye is responsible for controlling the exposure of of light that reaches the retina. The movement of iris is controlled by a muscles called sphincter muscle and dilator muscle. sphincter muscle constricts the pupil in bright light while dilator muscle expands the pupil.
2. Sternum belongs to the axial skeleton, which is a long flat bone located in the central part of the chest. Axial skeleton consists of 80 bones and strenum is one of them. Axial skeleton functions to provide protection to vital organs such as brain, heart and lungs. Strenum functions to protect heart.
What factors differentiate earths atmospheric layers
Explanation:
The different layers of the atmosphere. The atmosphere can be divided into layers based on its temperature, as shown in the figure below. These layers are the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere and the thermosphere. A further region, beginning about 500 km above the Earth's surface, is called the exosphere.
hope it helps
A cell that is diploid and will not be used to create a zygote is called a ________ cell. A. homologous B. somatic C. haploid D. gamete
Answer:B. somatic
Explanation:
.
How many more phases occur during meiosis than during mitosis?
none
two
four
six
Answer:
there are 4 more phases that occur during meiosis than mitosis
Answer:
The answer is.....
Explanation:
C. Four
Which of the following areas indicates the occipital lobe on the diagram below? Region A is the anterior (front) section. Region B is the medial (middle) superior (up) section. Region C is the posterior (back) section. Region D is the medial (middle) inferior (down) section. Region D Region B Region C Region A
Answer:
Region C is the posterior (back) section.
Explanation:
Hope it helps.
The area which indicates the occipital lobe on the diagram below Region C is the posterior (back) section.
What area is present in the occipital lobe?
The occipital lobe is the visible processing area of the brain. It is associated with visuospatial processing, distance and depth detection, color determination, object and facial recognition, and memory formation.
Where can the occipital lobe be found?In the Back Area of each cerebral hemisphere.
Where is the place seen?
occipital lobe
The visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe of the brain and is primarily responsible for interpreting and processing visual information obtained from the eyes. The amount of visual information obtained and processed by the visual cortex is truly large.
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Drag each tile to the correct box. Arrange the stages of the frog’s life cycle from first to last. ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
You didn't put the answer options, but the frog life cycle phases are:
Mating: In this phase two adult frogs, a male and a female, mate in the water or on plates. At this point, the male frog wraps his arms around the female and overlaps over her back. Spawning: At this point, the female releases the eggs into the water, ready to be fertilized by the males. Fertilization occurs outside the female's body. Eggs: Some fertilized eggs will be devoured by small animals, but those that survive will hatch 7-9 days after fertilization, releasing a frog shape, called a tadpole.Tadpole: It is similar to a fish and is formed by tail, mouth and gills. After 7 days of life, you will be able to swim and feed on algae. Four weeks later he will develop teeth and skin. When he reaches 9 weeks he will begin to change his shape, growing in size and developing head and legs. At that moment it will look more like a frog, but it still has a long tail. Metamorphosis of the fish: Up to twelve weeks of age it will reach the shape of a frog and start to feed on insects. Gradually it will lose its tail and its tongue will grow. The 16 weeks will become an adult frog, being able to mate and restart the cycle.Answer:
The answer is below mark brainlyist
Explanation:
Mitochondrion; crista Mitochondrion; crista Mitochondrion is a constituent part of crista. Crista is a constituent part of mitochondrion. Mitochondrion and crista are separate structures with no particular relationship to each other.
1. Mitochondrion; crista:
a. Mitochondrion is a constituent part of crista.
b. Crista is s constituent part of mitochondrion.
c. Mitochondrion and crista are separate structures with no particular relationship to each other.
2. Gobi complex; nucleus
a. Goo complex is a constituent part of nucleus.
b. Nucleus is e constituent part of Gobi complex.
c. Goo complex and nucleus are separate structures with no particular relationship to each other.
Answer:
1. b. Crista is s constituent part of mitochondrion.
2. c. Gobi complex and nucleus are separate structures with no particular relationship to each other.
Explanation:
The crista is an integral part of the mitochondria. As you already know, mitochondria is a cytoplasmic organelle. it has two members that delimit it, the outer membrane is completely smooth, however the inner membrane is composed of numerous folds, that are called crista, and that spread through the interior of the mitochondria. These crista have as main function to increase the surface of the inner membrane.
The Golgi complex is a cytoplasmic organelle, as is mitochondria. The nucleus, however, is a cell structure, it is totally separated from the golgi complex and there is no particular relationship between these two structures.
The golgi complex participates in the storage and distribution of substances in the cell, while the nucleus is responsible for housing and protecting genetic information.
Which of the following vessels do not have the ability to constrict and dilate? Arterioles Arteries Capillaries Veins
Answer:
capillaries
Explanation:
they don't need to constrict or dilate as the blood pressure is already low in capillaries.
g What technique of genomic library construction allows the genome to be cut by a given restriction enzyme at some but not all recognition sequences?
Answer:
Which DNA is restricted to making a genomic library? Explanation: Total genomic DNA of an organism is digested using restriction endonuclease and the fragments are inserted into a suitable phage
The diagram shows animal and plant cells placed in 3 different types of solutions.
a) Name the 3 types of solutions taking inference from the picture above and explain the process taking place in A
b) When plant cell is placed in solution C, which part prevents it from bursting and how?
c) Name the process by which Amoeba obtains its food
This diagram shows vegetal and animal cells placed in solutions of different concentrations.
a)Solution A is called hypertonic because it has a higher concentration than the cell's cytoplasm. In the animal cell, it causes the water to diffuse out through osmosis. In the plant cell water is lost through the same process but the cell wall remains intact while the membrane reduces in volume.
Solution B is called isotonic because it has around the same concentration as the cytoplasm of the cell. It does not influence the volume of the cell.
Solution C is called hypotonic because it has a lower concentration than the cytoplasm. In the animal cell, it causes the cell to fill with water until it bursts(this process is called cytolysis). In the plant cell water diffuses through the membrane, but the cell doesn't burst.
b)Plant cells have a strong cell wall made of cellulose, hemicellulose and, lignin that prevents cytolysis.
c)Amoeba obtains its food through a process called phagocytosis in which the solid material is engulfed in a vesicle that enters the cell.
Plant cells have a strong cell wall made of cellulose, hemicellulose and, lignin that prevents cytolysis.
What do you mean by cytolysis?Cytolysis, or osmotic lysis, occurs when a cell bursts due to an osmotic imbalance that has caused excess water to diffuse into the cell. Water can enter the cell by diffusion through the cell membrane or through selective membrane.
Cytolysis or osmotic lysis occurs in animal cells and certain bacteria, especially when the cells are exposed to a hypotonic environment, causing the water to move into the cell, thereby increasing or expanding the cell.
When cells burst and die, their contents are released, causing inflammation. Every day, more than 50 billion cells die in our bodies. These are not random events, but part of a finely tuned biological mechanism called programmed cell death.
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In a cell with defective chaperones, Question 14 options: proteins would not be able to exit the ribosome. the concentration of misfolded proteins would be higher than normal. proteins would not be delivered to their appropriate cellular locations. ribosomes would not associate with the endoplasmic reticulum.
Answer:
the concentration of misfolded proteins would be higher than normal.
Explanation:
Chaperones proteins are required for the correct protein folding of proteins. These proteins were first discovered in bacteria. The level of chaperones is increased under thermic stress conditions, it is for that reason that they are also known as heat shock proteins (Hsp). For example, Hsp70 is a chaperon protein constitutively expressed under stress conditions that is involved in the folding of protein precursors and the refolding of misfolded proteins. In humans, Hsp70 is encoded by the HSPA1A gene, and its increased expression level is related to different health problems including neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral ischemia and epilepsy.
Why did bear island provide a great opportunity to decipher entire food chains?
Answer:
Due to the presence of limited number of species.
Explanation:
Bear island provide a great opportunity to decipher entire food chains because this island has many animals species which interact with each other or depend on one another due to the presence of less animals for feeding purpose. This island is isolated from the rest of the world so it provide a great opportunity to study the entire food chains that are present at that island. There is less number of species so knowing about their feeding choices is easier for the ecologists.
The bear island provide a great opportunity to decipher entire food chains is :
-Due to the presence of constrained number of species.
Bear IslandThe bear island provide a great opportunity to decipher entire food chains is due to the presence of constrained number of species.
Bear island give a extraordinary opportunity to disentangle whole nourishment chains since this island has numerous creatures species which connected with each other or depend on one another due to the nearness of less creatures for nourishing reason.
This island is disconnected from the rest of the world so it give a awesome opportunity to consider the whole nourishment chains that are present at that island.
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Which of these is most likely to cause increasing numbers of severe weather
events?
A. Slowing of the thermohaline circulation
ОО
B. Increasing salinity
c. Decreasing temperature
O D. Falling sea levels
SUBMIT
Answer: What is most likely the cause of the increasing numbers of severe weather events is A. the slowing of the thermohaline circulation.
Explanation: Thermohaline circulation is hard to explain, but it is important in giving heat to the polar regions. The six main components that determine the weather are temperature, atmospheric pressure, cloud formation, wind, humidity, and rain. A small change in any of these components can result in an entirely new weather pattern. As mentioned in the question, slowing the thermohaline circulation would very likely increase the number of severe weather events. What I just said, I took the test, and the answer is A.
Slowing of the thermohaline circulation is most likely to cause increasing numbers of severe weather events. Thus, the correct option will be A.
What is Thermohaline circulation?Thermohaline circulation is a part of the large-scale ocean circulation which is driven by the global density gradients that are created by the surface heat and freshwater fluxes.
Thermohaline circulation generally plays an important role in the process of supplying heat to the polar regions. Therefore, it influences the rate of sea ice formation near the poles region, which in turn affects other aspects of the climate system such as the albedo, and thus also include solar heating, at high latitudes.
Therefore, the correct option will be A.
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Why is it important to classify the millions of species on Earth? to have common names that everyone can remember to more easily sequence their genetic material to devise scientific names that only scientists can learn to organize them and speak about them accurately
Answer:
to organize them and speak about them accurately
Explanation:
There are millions of species that exist on Earth. Many of them are yet to be discovered. They are named and classified into specific groups. This helps in organizing each specie according to the characteristics, and traits. The classification is done to show the hierarchy and focuses on the relationships that the organisms possess with other organisms about evolution. Classification helps in identifying and analyzing any specific specie accurately and particularly.
Answer:
The answer is D.
Explanation:
The first person who answered this was correct.