A. The cost of each capital component can be calculated as follows:
1. After-tax cost of debt = pre-tax cost of debt * (1 - tax rate)
= 9% * (1 - 0.25)
= 6.75%
2. Cost of preferred stock (including flotation costs) = dividend / (price - flotation cost)
= $3.60 / ($44.44 - (0.10 * $44.44))
= 8.47%
3. Cost of common equity (dividend growth approach, ignoring flotation costs) = (dividend / price) + growth rate
= ($3.17 / $60) + 0.08
= 13.28%
4. Cost of common equity (CAPM method, ignoring flotation costs) = risk-free rate + (beta * market risk premium)
= 6.5% + (1.2 * 6%)
= 13.7%
B. The cost of new stock using the dividend growth approach can be calculated as follows:
= (dividend / (price - flotation cost)) + growth rate
= ($3.17 / ($60 - (0.13 * $60))) + 0.08
= 14.05%
C. The company's WACC can be calculated using the formula: WACC = (weight of debt * cost of debt) + (weight of preferred stock * cost of preferred stock) + (weight of common equity * cost of common equity)
= (0.45 * 6.75%) + (0.05 * 8.47%) + (0.50 * 13.28%)
= 3.04% + 0.42% + 6.64%
= 10.1%
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5. According to the Global-4 Text: Foreign Direct Investment
(FDI) requires no significant equity ownership position.
True or False
This given statement 'According to the Global-4 Text: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) requires no significant equity ownership position' is False.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) requires a significant equity ownership position. This means that the investor has a controlling interest in the foreign company or business in which they have invested. Typically, FDI involves an investment of at least 10% of the company's equity.
This allows the investor to have a significant say in the company's operations and decision-making processes. FDI is different from portfolio investment, which involves purchasing stocks or other securities without having a controlling interest in the company.
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Part 2: Problem Solving A financial services provider that provides computer software systems approaches you. The company started off as a small private company and has grown strongly over the past fifteen years and listed on the Australian Stock Exchange. The company has businesses in many offshore locations, all of which are well-developed capital markets. In some parts of the world, the company has near-monopoly markets. As part of its strategy, the company uses acquisitions rather than growth to continue to expand the business. While the business is software based, it relies on continued activity in the financial markets. The company has had the same management over the past fifteen years and the senior management team are shareholders in the company. The company is rated BBB and its bonds are trading at 3.3 per cent above the comparable government bond rate (5%). These rates are for a 1-year period. Page 1 of 5 The condensed financial accounts are as follows: $M Total current assets 66.3 Total fixed assets 1,005.4 Total assets 1,071.7 Total current liabilities 197.3 Total noncurrent liabilities 243.7 Total liabilities 441.0 Shareholders' equity 546.7 Retained earnings 84.0 Total Equity 630.7 Total liabilities and equity 1,071.7 Earnings before interest and tax are $151,608,000 on sales of $742,613,000. The firm is requesting a loan of $150 million to assist further acquisitions. Ratio industry averages: 1. Current ratio = 3 2. 3. Inventory turnover ratio = 6 Net profit to sales ratio = 0.15 Debt to Equity ratio = 0.4 4. 3. Using Altman Z score, what is the indication of credit risk?
According to the Altman Z score model, a score above 2.99 indicates that the company is in the "safe" zone and has a low risk of bankruptcy. Therefore, the indication of credit risk for this company is low.
The Altman Z score is a credit risk measure that was developed by Edward Altman in the 1960s. It is used to predict the likelihood of a company going bankrupt. The Z score is calculated using a combination of five different financial ratios, which are weighted according to their importance in predicting bankruptcy. The five ratios are:
1. Working capital to total assets
2. Retained earnings to total assets
3. Earnings before interest and taxes to total assets
4. Market value of equity to book value of total liabilities
5. Sales to total assets
The Altman Z score formula is as follows:
Z = 1.2A + 1.4B + 3.3C + 0.6D + 0.999E
Where:
A = Working capital / Total assets
B = Retained earnings / Total assets
C = Earnings before interest and taxes / Total assets
D = Market value of equity / Book value of total liabilities
E = Sales / Total assets
Using the financial information provided, we can calculate the Altman Z score for the company:
A = 66.3 / 1,071.7 = 0.0618
B = 84.0 / 1,071.7 = 0.0784
C = 151.608 / 1,071.7 = 0.1415
D = 630.7 / 441.0 = 1.4302
E = 742.613 / 1,071.7 = 0.6927
Z = 1.2(0.0618) + 1.4(0.0784) + 3.3(0.1415) + 0.6(1.4302) + 0.999(0.6927) = 3.3881
The Altman Z score for the company is 3.3881. According to the Altman Z score model, a score above 2.99 indicates that the company is in the "safe" zone and has a low risk of bankruptcy. Therefore, the indication of credit risk for this company is low.
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Exxon issues a perpetual bond that promises to pay 7% interestper year. What is the price of a 1000 face value bond if the yieldto maturity is 12%?$500.00$583.33$545.50$600
The price of a $1,000 face value bond with a 7% annual interest rate and a 12% yield to maturity would be $583.33.
The price of a 1000 face value bond if the yield to maturity is 12% is $583.33.
This can be calculated using the formula:
Price = (Coupon Payment) / (Yield to Maturity)
In this case, the coupon payment is 7% of the face value, or $70.
The yield to maturity is 12%, or 0.12.
Plugging these values into the formula gives:
Price = ($70) / (0.12) = $583.33
Therefore, the correct answer is $583.33.
The annual percentage rate (APR) is the interest generated by a sum charged to borrowers or paid to investors each year.
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Julie is a chemist. She is required to do some research work from home and has kept a record over a four week period in August 2020 showing that she spends an average of 12 hours per week working from home. She has not had any holidays during the year. Her mobile phone and laptop were supplied by her employer. The expenses she has incurred in relation to her work from home are:
Internet $50 per month 15% for work purposes from a diary record kept in August.
Stationery $ 62
Office chair $189 purchased Sept 12, 2020 (used only for work)
Coffee and milk $35
(for periods working from home only)
Determine which method will provide Julie with the best claim at Item D5 and provide full workings below. Provide brief reasons for items not allowed.
The two methods that Julie can use to claim expenses for working from home are the fixed rate method and the actual expenses method. The fixed-rate method allows Julie to claim a fixed rate of 52 cents per hour for each hour she worked from home, while the actual expenses method allows Julie to claim the actual expenses she incurred for working from home.
Fixed rate method:
Total hours worked from home = 12 hours/week x 4 weeks = 48 hours
Total claim = 48 hours x $0.52/hour = $24.96
Actual expenses method:
Internet = $50/month x 15% = $7.50
Stationery = $62
Office chair = $189
Coffee and milk = $35
Total claim = $7.50 + $62 + $189 + $35 = $293.50
Based on the calculations, the actual expenses method will provide Julie with the best claim at Item D5 as it is higher than the fixed rate method. However, it is important to note that the office chair and coffee and milk expenses are not allowed under the actual expenses method as they are considered to be private or domestic expenses.
Therefore, the total claim for the actual expenses method should be adjusted to $7.50 + $62 = $69.50. Even with this adjustment, the actual expenses method still provides a higher claim than the fixed rate method.
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PROBLEM 1-5 (LOS) Transaction Analysis and Table The following transactions occurred for Olivier Bondar Ltd., an restaurant management consulting service, during May 2016: May 1 Received a cheque in the amount or 55.000 from TUV Restaurant Ltd. for a restaurant food cleanliness assessment to be conducted in June May I Paid $5,000 for office rent for the month of May. May 2 Purchased orice supplies for $3.000 on account May 3 Completed a consultation project for MeDanny's Restaurant and billed them $27.000 for the work May 4 Purchased a laptop computer for $3.000 in exchange for a note payable duc in 45 days, May 5 Olivier Bondar was a little short on cash, so the manager made an application for a bank loan in the amount of $20,000. It is expected that the bank will make their decision regarding the long next week, May 6 Received an invoice from the utilities company for electricity in the amount of $300 May 10 Bank approved the loan and deposited $20,000 into Olivier Bondar's bank account First loan payment is due on June 10. May 11 Paid for several invoices outstanding from April for goods and services received for a total of $8.000. The breakdown of the invoice costs are: telephone expense $500: advertising expense $3.000; office furniture $2,000: office supplies $2,500. May 13 Paid employee salaries owing from May I to May 13 in the amount of $3,000. May 14 Completed consulting work for a U.S. client and invoiced $18,000 US (US funds). The Canadian equivalent is $25,000 CAD. May 15 Received $25,000 cash for work done and invoiced in April. May 18 Hired a new employee who will begin work on May 25. Salary will be $2.500 every two weeks May 21 Placed an order request for new shelving for the office. Catalogue price is $2,500. May 27 Paid employee salaries owing from May 14 to May 27 in the amount of $3,500. May 29 The bookkeeper was going to be away for two weeks, so the June rent of $5.000 was paid May 31 Reimbursed $50 in cash to an employee for use of his personal vehicle for company business on May 20. May 31 Shelving unit ordered on May 21 was delivered and installed. Total cost was $3,000, including labour. including labour Required: Create a table with the following column heading and opening balances Below the opening balance, number cach row from 1 to 18 Accounts once Prepaid Equipment once Account Note/Land Share Retained receivable supplies expenses furniture payable payable rovenue capital camins Open +10,000/+25,000 2.0000 25,000 +15.000 350000 0 -8.000 34.000 Bal 1 2 3 4. 5 7 18 19 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 78 Bal Using the table as shown in Figure 1.3 of the text, complete the table for the 18 items listed in May and total each column. If any of the items are not to be recorded, leave the row blank. PROBLEM 1-6 (LOS) Transaction Analysis and Table Required: Lising the data from the table la PROBLEM 1-5. prepare the balance sheet as at May 31, 2016
Olivier Bondar Ltd. Balance Sheet as at May 31, 2016 was Total Assets: $210,450, Total Liabilities: $55,800 and Total Liabilities and Shareholder's Equity: $210,450
A balance sheet is a financial statement that details a company's assets and liabilities at a specific point in time. It is one of the three basic financial statements used to assess a company's performance (the other two being the income statement and cash flow statement).
Balance Sheet as at May 31, 2016
Assets:
Cash: $99,450
Account receivable: $52,000
Prepaid expenses: $7,000
Office supplies: $6,000
Equipment: $28,000
Furniture: $18,000
Total Assets: $210,450
Liabilities:
Account payable: $49,800
Note payable: $6,000
Total Liabilities: $55,800
Shareholder's Equity:
Share capital: $8,000
Retained earnings: $34,000
Total Shareholder's Equity: $42,000
Total Liabilities and Shareholder's Equity: $210,450
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1. In an entry-level job, with which level of manager will you have the most contact?
Explain your answer.
Immediate supervisor or first-line manager will be the one you have the most contact with in an entry-level job.
In an entry-level job, you will most likely have the most contact with your immediate supervisor or first-line manager. This manager directly oversees your work, assigns tasks, provides guidance, and offers feedback on your performance.While you may have some interactions with mid-level managers, such as department managers or team leaders, your primary point of contact will typically be your immediate supervisor. As you gain more experience and move up within the organization, you may begin to have more contact with higher-level managers, such as senior managers or executives. However, at the entry-level job, your interactions with upper-level managers will likely be limited.
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Research online and choose any to business organizations that use an IS. Describe the benefits of IS implementation in these two business organizations
Two businesses that use the IS system would be Amazon as well as Walmart
What are the benefits of IS implementation?Amazon:
Amazon is an e-commerce giant that relies heavily on its IS infrastructure to manage its operations. The benefits of IS implementation in Amazon include:
Efficient Order Management: Amazon uses its IS to manage orders from customers across the world. The IS system helps to automate the order processing and fulfillment process, reducing the time taken to complete orders and improving customer satisfaction.
Personalized Recommendations: Amazon's IS collects data on customer browsing and purchase behavior to provide personalized recommendations. This improves the customer experience and increases the likelihood of repeat purchases.
Inventory Management: Amazon's IS also helps to manage its inventory efficiently. The system tracks inventory levels in real-time and alerts staff when stocks are running low. This helps to minimize stockouts and improves customer satisfaction.
Walmart:
Walmart is a retail giant that also relies on its IS infrastructure to manage its operations. The benefits of IS implementation in Walmart include:
Inventory Management: Walmart's IS system helps to manage its vast inventory by tracking sales data in real-time. This helps Walmart to keep track of inventory levels and ensure that popular products are always in stock.
Efficient Supply Chain Management: Walmart's IS helps to manage its supply chain by automating ordering and tracking shipments. This helps to reduce the time taken to receive goods and improves overall supply chain efficiency.
Analytics and Business Intelligence: Walmart's IS collects vast amounts of data on customer behavior, sales trends, and other metrics. This data is used to generate insights that help Walmart to make better business decisions and improve its operations.
Overall, the benefits of IS implementation in these two organizations include increased efficiency, improved customer satisfaction, and better decision-making capabilities. By using IS to manage their operations, these companies have been able to stay ahead of the competition and continue to grow their businesses.
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Suppose that to buy either a call or a put option you pay the quoted ask price, denoted Ca (K, T) and Pa(K, T), and to sell an option you receive the bid, Cb(K, 7) and Pb (K, T). Similarly, the ask and bid prices for the stock are Sa and Sh. Finally, suppose you can borrow at the rate rH and lend at the rate r. The stock pays no dividend. Find the bounds between which you cannot profitably perform a parity arbitrage.
To find the bounds between which you cannot profitably perform a parity arbitrage, we need to consider the call and put prices, the stock prices, and the interest rates. The following equations represent the upper and lower bounds of the no-arbitrage range:
Upper bound: Ca(K, T) + K*e^(-rT) ≤ Pa(K, T) + Sa
Lower bound: Ca(K, T) + K*e^(-rHT) ≥ Pa(K, T) + Sb
Where Ca(K, T) is the ask price of a call option with strike price K and expiration time T, Pa(K, T) is the ask price of a put option with the same strike price and expiration time, Sa is the ask price of the stock, Sb is the bid price of the stock, rH is the borrowing interest rate, and r is the lending interest rate.
If the upper bound equation is violated, then you can profitably perform a parity arbitrage by buying the call option and the stock, and selling the put option. If the lower bound equation is violated, then you can profitably perform a parity arbitrage by buying the put option and the stock, and selling the call option.
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Data Dictionary Entry for Social Security Number (fill in the table) – 6 poir Field Name Social Security Number 077-96-5467 Data Type Format Field Length (Name Number of Characters) Range (Starting letter or number and Ending letter of number) Required? (Yes or No)
The answers are given below:
A data dictionary is a centralized repository of metadata.
What is a Data Dictionary?A data dictionary is a centralized repository of metadata. Metadata is data about data. Some examples of what might be contained in an organization's data dictionary include:
The names of fields contained in all of the organization's databases
•What table(s) each field exists in
•What database(s) each field exists in •The data types, e.g., integer, real, character, and image of all fields in the organization's databases
•The sizes, e.g., LONG INT, DOUBLE, and CH AR(64), of all fields in the organization's databases
An explanation of what each database field means
•The source of the data for each database field
A list of applications that reference each database field
•The relationship between fields in all of the organization's databases
Default values that exist for all fields in all of the organization's databases
Who has access to each field.
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Pamela started in business on 1 January 2021. The following is a list of his transactions for her first month oftrading: 01.1.21 | Opened a business bank account with €25,000 obtained from private resources 02.1.21 Paid one month's rent of €2,000 by cheque 03.1.21 Bought goods costing €5,000 on credit from Linda 04.1.21 Purchased motor car from Savoy Motors for €4,000 on credit 05.1.21 Purchased goods costing €3,000 on credit from Sydney 10.1.21 Cash Sales of €6,000 18.1.21 Sold goods on credit to Ann for €8,000 30.1.21 Returned €2,000 of goods to Linda Required Enter the above transactions into Pamela's ledger accounts for January 2021 (T-Accounts) showing the relevant balance carried down (on 31 January 2021) and brought down (on 1 February 2021) on each account.
Pamela's ledger accounts with appropriate balance carried down and brought down on each account is given below.
Pamela's ledger accounts for January 2021 can be entered into T-Accounts as follows:
Bank Account:
| Date | Debit | Credit |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 01.1.21 | €25,000 | |
| 02.1.21 | | €2,000 |
| 10.1.21 | €6,000 | |
| 31.1.21 | | Balance c/d €29,000 |
| 1.2.21 | Balance b/d €29,000 | |
Rent Account:
| Date | Debit | Credit |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 02.1.21 | €2,000 | |
| 31.1.21 | | Balance c/d €2,000 |
| 1.2.21 | Balance b/d €2,000 | |
Linda Account:
| Date | Debit | Credit |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 03.1.21 | | €5,000 |
| 30.1.21 | €2,000 | |
| 31.1.21 | | Balance c/d €3,000 |
| 1.2.21 | Balance b/d €3,000 | |
Savoy Motors Account:
| Date | Debit | Credit |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 04.1.21 | | €4,000 |
| 31.1.21 | | Balance c/d €4,000 |
| 1.2.21 | Balance b/d €4,000 | |
Sydney Account:
| Date | Debit | Credit |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 05.1.21 | | €3,000 |
| 31.1.21 | | Balance c/d €3,000 |
| 1.2.21 | Balance b/d €3,000 | |
Sales Account:
| Date | Debit | Credit |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 10.1.21 | | €6,000 |
| 18.1.21 | | €8,000 |
| 31.1.21 | | Balance c/d €14,000 |
| 1.2.21 | Balance b/d €14,000 | |
Ann Account:
| Date | Debit | Credit |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 18.1.21 | | €8,000 |
| 31.1.21 | | Balance c/d €8,000 |
| 1.2.21 | Balance b/d €8,000 | |
The relevant balance carried down (on 31 January 2021) and brought down (on 1 February 2021) are shown on each account.
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Tourism and hospitality is a diverse sector comprised of workers from varied cultures, backgrounds, ages and languages. This is one of the reasons this industry is so unique. But with this diversity comes its challenges.
In the case of a large hotel, where a housekeeping department is comprised of workers from all over the world, training can sometimes be a challenge due to language barriers. Although many corporate properties have developed strong training programs, it's not always fully understood by each person in the room.
1. What can be the different training techniques a trainer can use when trying to overcome a language barrier?
2. Assume that you have just completed the training session. Outline at least four (4) questions to get feedback from the audience about their understanding of the topic.
3. What are the key considerations in developing a training plan for an employee who has English as a second language?
When trying to overcome a language barrier during training, a trainer can use different training techniques, such as:
visual aids, hands-on training, simplified language, and translation services.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the training, trainers can ask for feedback from the trainees regarding their understanding of the topic,
- Did you find the training materials easy to understand?
- Is there anything that you didn't understand or need clarification on?
- Do you feel confident in your ability to apply what you learned in the training?
- Are there any additional training materials or resources that you think would be helpful?
When developing a training plan for employees with English as a second language, it is important to consider their language proficiency, cultural differences, and learning style. Trainers should regularly check in with the employees to ensure that they understand the material and make any necessary adjustments to the training plan.
By considering these factors, trainers can effectively teach employees with language barriers and ensure that they retain the information they learn.
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How does the free-rider problem aggravate adverse selection andmoral hazard problems in debt markets?
The free-rider problem can exacerbate the problems of adverse selection and moral hazard in debt markets by creating an environment in which individuals or firms may act in an "opportunistic" manner, prioritizing their own benefit over the overall health of the market.
Adverse selection occurs when one party to a transaction has more information than the other, resulting in an unfair advantage. In the case of debt markets, this can lead individuals or companies to take on more debt than they can actually repay, thereby increasing the risk of default.
Moral hazard, on the other hand, occurs when one party takes more risk because it knows it will not bear the full consequences of its actions. In debt markets, this can lead individuals or companies to take on more debt than they can actually repay, knowing that they will not be fully responsible for the consequences.
The free-rider problem, whereby individuals or companies benefit from the actions of others without contributing themselves, can exacerbate these problems by creating an environment in which "opportunistic" behavior is rewarded. This can lead to a breakdown of trust and cooperation within the "markets" and ultimately to a less stable and healthy debt market.
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Optix LLP has a beta of 1.30, the risk-free rate is 3 percent,
and the return on the market is 4 percent. The required return on
Optix's internal equity is
The required return on Optix's internal equity is 4.30%.
The required return on Optix's internal equity can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which is given by:
Required return = Risk-free rate + Beta × (Market return - Risk-free rate)
Substituting the given values into the equation, we get:
Required return = 3% + 1.30 × (4% - 3%)
Required return = 3% + 1.30 × 1%
Required return = 3% + 1.30%
Required return = 4.30%
The required return on Optix's internal equity is calculated to be 4.30%.
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Lulu company wants to optimize its products’ prices for boosting its revenue. The Lulu company has thousands of products over hundreds of outlets, and they dealing with different types of customers, such as ordinary customers and customers like contractors who buy in bulk. Apply the Big Data Analytics Lifecycle to optimize products’ prices?
The Big Data Analytics Lifecycle can help the Lulu company to optimize its products’ prices in the following way:
1. Business Case Evaluation: The first step in the Big Data Analytics Lifecycle is to evaluate the business case. In this case, the Lulu company wants to optimize its products’ prices for boosting its revenue. The company needs to identify the key business objectives and the data that is required to achieve these objectives.
2. Data Identification: The next step is to identify the data that is required for the analysis. The Lulu company needs to collect data on its products, prices, sales, and customer demographics.
3. Data Acquisition and Filtering: Once the data has been identified, the next step is to acquire and filter the data. The Lulu company needs to acquire data from multiple sources, such as sales data from its outlets, and customer data from its CRM system. The data also needs to be filtered to remove any irrelevant or inaccurate data.
4. Data Extraction: The next step is to extract the relevant data from the acquired data sources. The Lulu company needs to extract data on its products, prices, sales, and customer demographics.
5. Data Validation and Cleansing: Once the data has been extracted, the next step is to validate and cleanse the data. The Lulu company needs to ensure that the data is accurate and consistent across all data sources.
6. Data Aggregation and Representation: The next step is to aggregate and represent the data. The Lulu company needs to aggregate the data to create a comprehensive view of its products, prices, sales, and customer demographics.
7. Data Analysis: The next step is to analyze the data. The Lulu company needs to use data analysis techniques, such as regression analysis and clustering, to identify patterns and trends in the data.
8. Data Visualization: The final step is to visualize the data. The Lulu company needs to use data visualization tools, such as charts and graphs, to present the data in a way that is easy to understand.
By applying the Big Data Analytics Lifecycle, the Lulu company can optimize its products’ prices and boost its revenue.
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Biscayne’s Rent-A-Ride rents two models of automobiles: the standard and the deluxe. Information follows:
Standard Deluxe
Rental price per day $ 58.00 $ 66.00
Variable cost per day 17.40 23.10
Biscayne’s total fixed cost is $19,651 per month.
Required:
1. Determine the contribution margin per rental day and contribution margin ratio for each model that Biscayne’s offers.
2. Which model would Biscayne’s prefer to rent?
3. Calculate Biscayne’s break-even point if the product mix is 50/50.
4. Calculate the break-even point if Biscayne’s product mix changes so that the standard model is rented 75 percent of the time and the deluxe model is rented for only 25 percent.
5. Calculate the break-even point if Biscayne’s product mix changes so that the standard model is rented 25 percent of the time and the deluxe model is rented for 75 percent.
Answer:
To calculate the break-even point, we need to determine the contribution margin per unit for each model:
Standard: Rental price per day - Variable cost per day = $46.00 - $18.50 = $27.50
Deluxe: Rental price per day - Variable cost per day = $54.00 - $23.20 = $30.80
Next, we need to determine the weighted average contribution margin per unit based on the product mix:
Weighted average contribution margin per unit = (0.4 x $27.50) + (0.6 x $30.80) = $29.80
Finally, we can calculate the break-even point in units as follows:
Break-even point (units) = Fixed costs / Weighted average contribution margin per unit
Break-even point (units) = $22,500 / $29.80 ≈ 754 units
Therefore, Biscayne's new break-even point when the product mix is 40/60 is 754 units.
b. If the sales price of both models increases by 15 percent, the new rental prices per day will be:
Standard: $46.00 x 1.15 = $52.90
Deluxe: $54.00 x 1.15 = $62.10
Using the same contribution margin per unit for each model as in part a, we can calculate the new break-even point as follows:
Break-even point (units) = Fixed costs / Weighted average contribution margin per unit
Break-even point (units) = $22,500 / [(0.5 x ($52.90 - $18.50)) + (0.5 x ($62.10 - $23.20))] ≈ 634 units
Therefore, Biscayne's new break-even point when the sales price of both models increases by 15 percent and the product mix is 50/50 is 634 units.
c. If fixed costs increase by $3,800, the new fixed costs will be $26,300. Using the same contribution margin per unit for each model as in part a, we can calculate the new break-even point as follows:
Break-even point (units) = New fixed costs / Weighted average contribution margin per unit
Break-even point (units) = $26,300 / [(0.5 x ($46.00 - $18.50)) + (0.5 x ($54.00 - $23.20))] ≈ 834 units
Therefore, Biscayne's new break-even point when fixed costs increase by $3,800 and the product mix is 50/50 is 834 units.
d. If variable costs increase by 20 percent, the new variable costs per day will be:
Standard: $18.50 x 1.20 = $22.20
Deluxe: $23.20 x 1.20 = $27.84
Using the same rental prices per day for each model as in part a, we can calculate the new contribution margin per unit for each model:
Standard: $46.00 - $22.20 = $23.80
Deluxe: $54.00 - $27.84 = $26.16
We can then calculate the weighted average contribution margin per unit based on the product mix:
Weighted average contribution margin per unit = (0.5 x $23.80) + (0.5 x $26.16) = $24.98
Finally, we can calculate the new break-even point as follows:
Break-even point (units) = Fixed costs / Weighted average contribution margin per unit
. Break-even point (units
1. Contribution margin per rental day and contribution margin ratio for standard model are $40.60 and 70% and for deluxe model are $42.90 and 65%. 2. Biscayne’s would prefer to rent the standard model. Break-even point if the 3. product mix is 50/50 is 471 rental days. 4. product mix changes to 75% standard and 25% deluxe is 477 rental days. 5. product mix changes to 25% standard and 75% deluxe is 465 rental days.
1. Contribution margin per rental day and contribution margin ratio for each model is calculated using the formulas:
Contribution margin per rental day = Rental price per day - Variable cost per day
Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin per rental day / Rental price per day
Standard:
Contribution margin per rental day = $58.00 - $17.40 = $40.60
Contribution margin ratio = $40.60 / $58.00 = 0.70 or 70%
Deluxe:
Contribution margin per rental day = $66.00 - $23.10 = $42.90
Contribution margin ratio = $42.90 / $66.00 = 0.65 or 65%
2. Biscayne’s would prefer to rent the standard model as it has a higher contribution margin ratio (70% compared to 65% for the deluxe model).
3. Break-even point if the product mix is 50/50:
Total contribution margin = (Contribution margin per rental day for standard * 0.50) + (Contribution margin per rental day for deluxe * 0.50)
= ($40.60 * 0.50) + ($42.90 * 0.50) = $41.75
Break-even point = Total fixed cost / Total contribution margin
= $19,651 / $41.75 = 470.55 or 471 rental days
4. Break-even point if the product mix changes to 75% standard and 25% deluxe:
Total contribution margin = (Contribution margin per rental day for standard * 0.75) + (Contribution margin per rental day for deluxe * 0.25)
= ($40.60 * 0.75) + ($42.90 * 0.25) = $41.20
Break-even point = Total fixed cost / Total contribution margin
= $19,651 / $41.20 = 476.85 or 477 rental days
5. Break-even point if the product mix changes to 25% standard and 75% deluxe:
Total contribution margin = (Contribution margin per rental day for standard * 0.25) + (Contribution margin per rental day for deluxe * 0.75)
= ($40.60 * 0.25) + ($42.90 * 0.75) = $42.32
Break-even point = Total fixed cost / Total contribution margin
= $19,651 / $42.32 = 464.45 or 465 rental days
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On December 31, the capital balances and income ratios in Crane Company are as follows. Partner Income Ratio Trayer Capital Balance $55,000 37,500 30,500 Emig 50% 30% 20% Posada Journalize the withdrawal of Posada under each of the following assumptions. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) (1) Each of the continuing partners agrees to pay $19,200 in cash from personal funds to purchase Posada's ownership equity. Each receives 50% of Posada's equity. (2) Emig agrees to purchase Posada's ownership interest for $24,400 cash. (3) Posada is paid $33,700 from partnership assets, which includes a bonus to the retiring partner. (4) Posada is paid $21,060 from partnership assets, and bonuses to the remaining partners are recognized.If Emig's capital balance after Posada's withdrawal is $41,070, what were (1) the total bonus to the remaining partners and (2) the cash paid by the partnership to Posada? (1) Total bonus (2) Cash paid to Posada
capital balance after Posada's withdrawal is $41,070, Total bonus to the remaining partners: $41,070 - $37,500 = $3,570. Cash paid to Posada: $30,500 - $3,570 = $26,930
On December 31, the capital balances and income ratios in Crane Company are as follows:
Partner | Income Ratio | Capital Balance
--- | --- | ---
Trayer | 50% | $55,000
Emig | 30% | $37,500
Posada | 20% | $30,500
(1) Each of the continuing partners agrees to pay $19,200 in cash from personal funds to purchase Posada's ownership equity. Each receives 50% of Posada's equity.
Journal Entry:
Debit Posada, Capital $30,500
Credit Trayer, Capital $15,250
Credit Emig, Capital $15,250
(2) Emig agrees to purchase Posada's ownership interest for $24,400 cash.
Journal Entry:
Debit Posada, Capital $30,500
Credit Emig, Capital $30,500
Debit Emig, Capital $6,100
Credit Cash $24,400
(3) Posada is paid $33,700 from partnership assets, which includes a bonus to the retiring partner.
Journal Entry:
Debit Posada, Capital $30,500
Credit Cash $33,700
Debit Trayer, Capital $1,600
Debit Emig, Capital $1,600
(4) Posada is paid $21,060 from partnership assets, and bonuses to the remaining partners are recognized.
Journal Entry:
Debit Posada, Capital $30,500
Credit Cash $21,060
Credit Trayer, Capital $4,720
Credit Emig, Capital $4,720
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he Peanut Shack has 6,5000 shares of stock outstanding with a par value of $1 per share. The current market value of the firm is $145,600. The company just announced a 3-for-2 stock split. What will the market price per share be after the split? A. $14.93 B. $12.14 C. $28.20 D. $16.18
The market price per share be after the split is $12.14. (B)
Before the split, the Peanut Shack had 6,5000 shares of stock outstanding with a market value of $145,600. This means that the market price per share was $145,600 / 6,5000 = $22.40.
After the 3-for-2 stock split, the number of outstanding shares will increase by a factor of 3/2. This means that the new number of outstanding shares will be 6,5000 * 3/2 = 9,7500 shares.
Since the market value of the firm remains the same, the new market price per share will be $145,600 / 9,7500 = $12.14 (B).
The market price per share after the split can be calculated by dividing the market value of the firm by the new number of outstanding shares. The new number of outstanding shares is calculated by multiplying the original number of outstanding shares by the factor of the stock split (3/2 in this case).
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Date Open High Low Close Adj close Volume 2019-10-01 2983.689941 2992.530029 2938.699951 2940.250000 2940.250000 3558040000 2019-10-02 2924.780029 2924.780029 2874.929932 2887.610107 2887.610107 39125
What does open-high-low-close and Volume mean?
Open-high-low-close and volume are terms used in the stock market to describe the activity of a particular stock on a given day. Open refers to the price of a stock at the beginning of the trading day.
The example is given, on 2019-10-01, the stock opened at 2983.689941, reached a high of 2992.530029, a low of 2938.699951, and closed at 2940.250000. The volume for the day was 3558040000.
High refers to the highest price the stock reached during the trading day.
Low refers to the lowest price the stock reached during the trading day.
Close refers to the price of the stock at the end of the trading day.
Volume refers to the number of shares of the stock that were traded during the day.
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Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model, fully explain why, theoretically, publicly-traded corporations should not buy insurance. List and fully discuss four reasons why, in practice, corporations do buy insurance.
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is a financial model that is used to determine the required rate of return on an investment. The model is based on the assumption that investors are rational and that they will choose investments that have the highest expected return for a given level of risk.
One of the key implications of the CAPM is that, theoretically, publicly-traded corporations should not buy insurance. This is because the model assumes that investors are able to diversify their portfolios and therefore eliminate the need for insurance.
There are four main reasons why, in practice, corporations do buy insurance:
1. Risk reduction: Although the CAPM assumes that investors can diversify their portfolios, in reality, there are certain risks that cannot be diversified away. For example, a company may face risks related to natural disasters or lawsuits that cannot be diversified. By buying insurance, the company can reduce these risks.
2. Regulatory requirements: In some cases, companies may be required by law or by regulators to buy insurance. For example, companies may be required to buy liability insurance in order to protect against potential lawsuits.
3. Contractual obligations: Companies may also be required to buy insurance as part of contractual obligations. For example, a company may be required to buy insurance in order to obtain a loan or to enter into a business partnership.
4. Financial stability: Finally, companies may choose to buy insurance in order to ensure financial stability. By buying insurance, the company can protect against potential losses and ensure that it is able to continue operating in the event of a loss.
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To evaluate whether a retail market segment is a viable target market, a health food store wants to use benefit segmentation. Which criterion is it most likely to meet if it follows this segmentation strategy?A. IdentifiableB. ActionableC. SustainableD. Reachable
To evaluate whether a retail market segment is a viable target market, a health food store wants to use benefit segmentation. The criterion it is most likely to meet if it follows this segmentation strategy is A. Identifiable.
Benefit segmentation is a marketing strategy in which a business identifies the benefits that consumers are seeking from their products or services and then targets those consumers based on those benefits. One of the key criteria for successful segmentation is that the segment must be identifiable, meaning that the business must be able to clearly define and measure the segment.
By using benefit segmentation, the health food store is able to identify the specific benefits that its target market is seeking, such as organic or non-GMO products, and can then target those consumers based on those benefits. This makes the segment identifiable and allows the business to effectively market to those consumers.
Therefore, correct answer is A. Identifiable.
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12. Lupe Martinez will owe her retired mother $45,000 for a piece of land. Find the required quarterly payment into a sinking fund if Lupe pays it off in 4 years and the interest rate is 10% per year compounded quarterly.
The quarterly payment which is required into a sinking fund is $2,336.36.
To find the required quarterly payment into a sinking fund, we can use the formula:
A = (R[(1+i)^n-1])/i
Where:
A is the amount Lupe will owe her mother ($45,000)
R is the required quarterly payment
i is the quarterly interest rate (10%/4 = 2.5% or 0.025)
n is the number of quarters (4 years x 4 quarters/year = 16 quarters)
Plugging in the values, we get:
45,000 = (R[(1+0.025)^16-1])/0.025
45,000 = (R[0.4815])/0.025
45,000 = R[19.26]
R = 45,000/19.26
R = 2,336.36
Therefore, the required quarterly payment into a sinking fund is $2,336.36.
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1a) The Unique Toys Company manufactures and sells toys. Currently, 300,000 units are sold per year at $12.50 per unit. Fixed costs are $880,000 per year. Variable costs are $7.50 per unit.
i) What is the present breakeven point in Units?
ii) What is the present breakeven point in revenues?
iii) How may Units will the company need to sell to earn a profit of $100,000?
Compute the new breakeven point and the Margin of Safety with the below changes:
- 10% decrease in fixed costs, a 10% decrease in selling price, a 10% increase in variable cost per unit and 25% increase in units sold.
1b) Enumerate on the main objectives of the Cost Volume Profit Analysis (CVP)
i) The present breakeven point in units is 80,000 units.
ii) The present breakeven point in revenues is $1,000,000.
iii) The company will need to sell 111,111 units to earn a profit of $100,000.
Compute the new breakeven point and the Margin of Safety with the below changes:
- 10% decrease in fixed costs, a 10% decrease in selling price, a 10% increase in variable cost per unit and 25% increase in units sold.
The new breakeven point in units is 72,000 units. The new breakeven point in revenues is $900,000. The margin of safety is 25%, since the new units sold will be 375,000 (25% increase from 300,000) and the new breakeven point is 72,000 (20% decrease from 90,000).
1b) The main objectives of Cost Volume Profit Analysis (CVP) are:
- Analyzing the effect of changes in costs, volume and price on the profits of a business.
- Identifying the breakeven point in units and sales revenue.
- Determining the required sales volume needed to achieve a desired level of profits.
- Estimating the margin of safety, which is the difference between the budgeted or expected sales and the break-even sales.
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In human resource planning process, identifying key functions and bottleneck functions are necessary to enhance the effectiveness of human resource manager" Do you agree with this statement?
I agree with this statement. In human resource planning, identifying key functions and bottleneck functions are necessary to enhance the effectiveness of the human resource manager. Key functions are those that are essential to the success of the organization and bottleneck functions are those that can create a bottleneck or slowdown in the organization if not managed properly.
By identifying these functions, the human resource manager can plan and allocate resources more effectively to ensure that the organization operates smoothly and efficiently.
This can also help to prevent any potential problems or issues from arising in the future. In conclusion, identifying key functions and bottleneck functions is an important part of the human resource planning process and can greatly enhance the effectiveness of the human resource manager.
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5. Food Inc. just announced it is increasing its annual dividend to $5.0 next year and establishing a policy whereby the dividend will increase by 3.00 percent annually thereafter. Assuming the required rate of return is 8.00 percent. (1) What will the stock price per share be ten years from now? (2) What will the stock price per share be twenty years from now? (3) What will the stock price per share be thirty years from now?
The stock price for ten years from now is $163.09, the stock price for twenty years from now is $257.10, the stock price for thirty years from now is $436.66.
we can use the constant growth rate formula for dividends:
D1 = D0 × (1 + g)
where D1 is the dividend in the next year, D0 is the current dividend, and g is the growth rate of dividends.
To calculate the stock price per share years from now, we need to find the dividend in year after that, and then discount the dividends and the stock price back to the present:
For 10 years is,
D11 = $5.00 × (1 + 3.00%)^10 = $7.71
P10 = [$7.71 / (0.08 - 0.03)] / (1 + 0.08)^10 = $163.09
So the stock price per share ten years from now will be $163.09.
For 20 years is,
D21 = $5.00 × (1 + 3.00%)^20 = $12.38
P20 = [$12.38 / (0.08 - 0.03)] / (1 + 0.08)^20 = $257.10
So the stock price per share twenty years from now will be $257.10.
For 30 years is,
D31 = $5.00 × (1 + 3.00%)^30 = $20.95
P30 = [$20.95 / (0.08 - 0.03)] / (1 + 0.08)^30 = $436.66
So the stock price per share thirty years from now will be $436.66.
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Use the Internet as a resource to develop a list of at least five suggestions that will help new franchisors looking to establish outlets in Africa. Which countries do you recommend they focus on? Explain.
There are a number of factors that new franchisors should consider when looking to establish outlets in Africa.They are Doing market research,Look for countries with a stable political and economic environment,partnering with local businesses,adapt your business model to the local market, Focus on countries with a strong infrastructure.
1. Do market research to understand the needs and preferences of the local population. This will help you to develop a business model that is tailored to the local market and has a better chance of success.
2. Look for countries with a stable political and economic environment. This will help to ensure that your business can operate smoothly without disruptions caused by instability.
3. Consider partnering with local businesses or entrepreneurs who have a strong understanding of the local market and can help you to navigate any challenges that may arise.
4. Be prepared to adapt your business model to the local market. This may involve making changes to your product offerings or pricing to better align with local preferences and economic conditions.
5. Focus on countries with a strong infrastructure, including reliable transportation, communication, and banking systems.
This will make it easier to operate your business and to reach your target customers.
Based on these factors, some of the countries that may be worth considering include South Africa, Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana, and Rwanda. Each of these countries has a relatively stable political and economic environment, a growing middle class, and a strong infrastructure that can support the growth of new businesses.
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You are planning to retire in 25 years time. Immediately after your retirement, you wish to go for a round the world trip lasting one year. Your monthly expenses for the trip work out to be £9000 and the first withdrawal will be made at the end of the month after your retirement. You also want to provide yourself with £35,000 a year for next 15 years on your return from the world trip. How much you should save every month to provide for the above if the effective rate of interest is 14% per annum.
To provide for your round the world trip and 15 years of retirement, you need to save £8,294.29 each month for 25 years at an effective rate of interest of 14% per annum.
The calculation can be broken down into two parts. Firstly, you need to save enough to cover the one-year round the world trip expenses of £9000 per month.
To cover this, you need to save £108,000 over 12 months. Secondly, you need to save enough to provide yourself with £35,000 per year for 15 years on your return from the world trip. To cover this, you need to save £522,500 over 15 years.
To calculate the total amount you need to save, we add both of these figures together (£108,000 + £522,500) to give us a total of £630,500.
To calculate the monthly saving, we then divide this total figure (£630,500) by the 25 years you have to save for and multiply by the effective rate of interest (14% per annum).
This gives us a final figure of £8,294.29 which you need to save each month to provide for the round the world trip and the 15 years of retirement.
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A company with 9,000,000 shares outstanding reported EPS of $7.75 for the year now ended and has announced an annual dividend per share of $3.45. If the company uses a residual dividend policy and is planning to borrow $6,000,000 in new debt, how much is the company planning for total capital expenditures in the coming year?
A company with 9,000,000 shares outstanding reported EPS of $7.75 for the year now ended and has announced an annual dividend per share of $3.45. If the company uses a residual dividend policy and is planning to borrow $6,000,000 in new debt, the company is planning for total capital expenditures of $57,750,000 in the coming year.
The company is planning for total capital expenditures of $57,750,000 in the coming year.
To find out how much the company is planning for total capital expenditures, we can use the following formula:
Total Capital Expenditures = (EPS x Shares Outstanding) + New Debt - (Dividend per Share x Shares Outstanding)
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Total Capital Expenditures = ($7.75 x 9,000,000) + $6,000,000 - ($3.45 x 9,000,000)
Total Capital Expenditures = $69,750,000 + $6,000,000 - $31,050,000
Total Capital Expenditures = $44,700,000 - $31,050,000
Total Capital Expenditures = $57,750,000
Therefore, the company is planning for total capital expenditures of $57,750,000 in the coming year.
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Complete the sentences about buying and selling bonds. Like stocks, bonds can be purchased through a(n) _______________. Bonds can also be purchased through a(n) _______________, such as an exchange-traded fund, or directly from the federal government. Bonds are given a rating ranging from _______________. It's probably best not to invest in a bond with a low rating. The two ways to make money from a bond are _______________.
Answer:
Like stocks, bonds can be purchased through a brokerage firm. Bonds can also be purchased through a mutual fund, such as an exchange-traded fund, or directly from the federal government. Bonds are given a rating ranging from AAA (the highest rating) to D (the lowest rating). It's probably best not to invest in a bond with a low rating. The two ways to make money from a bond are through coupon payments and price appreciation.
Explanation:
janice, a recent graduate was hired by the very busy audit firm, ludwig and pascal. her first day was January 2,2021. she was immediately sent to a client and assigned the cash section. this was Janice first job as an auditor. At first she was concerned that she did not know what she was doing but found that the audit checklists were fairly easy to follow, especially considered that she had last year’s audit working papers as a guide. when she finished cash, Janice was assigned some expense section. The checklists were less helpful. When she tried to ask her supervisor, he told her he was busy, and the team was running late. Janice again looked at what was done the prior year and tried to duplicate the work.
On the final day of the audit, the engagement partner came in to review the work. Janice did not hear any problem with her work, so she assumed everything was fine. On monday, she would start at a new client. Required:
briefly discuss two elements of quality control in this case.
The two elements of quality control in this case are supervision and review.
In the given case, supervision and review are the two elements of quality control.
Supervision: Janice's supervisor should have provided her with proper guidance and support throughout the audit process. However, it appears that he was too busy to provide adequate supervision, which could have led to potential errors or issues in Janice's work.
Review: The engagement partner reviewed the work at the end of the audit, which is an important element of quality control. However, it is unclear if the review was thorough or if any feedback was provided to Janice. It is important for the engagement partner to provide feedback to the team members to ensure that any potential issues are addressed and that the team members are able to improve their performance in future audits.
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Jon works for a manufacturing company. On the balance sheet for the end of the year, raw materials amounted to $45,600, finished goods were $8,960, and the cash equivalents were equal to $10,500. What is the total amount that will be reported for inventories?
Jon works for a manufacturing company. On the balance sheet for the end of the year, raw materials amounted to $45,600, finished goods were $8,960, and the cash equivalents were equal to $10,500. The total amount that will be reported for inventories is $54,560
On the balance sheet:
Raw materials amounted = $45,600
Finished goods = $8,960
cash equivalents = $10,500
Now,
The total amount of inventory will include only the raw material and the finished goods
The cash is not included in the inventory
Therefore,
The total amount that will be reported in the inventory will be
= Amount of raw material + Amount of finished goods
= $45,600 + $8,960
= $54,560
Therefore the total amount that will be reported for inventories is $54,560.
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