Recall in class the example of incorporating heavy or light nitrogen labels into DNA to investigate how DNA is replicated. Imagine if, instead of labeling DNA, the experiment used heavy labeled RNA bases. What would be the outcome if you examined the DNA strands after completion of DNA replication in the presence of heavy labeled RNA bases?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: You would not notice any difference or any labeled base, because RNA is not used to make DNA.

Explanation:

DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic information in all living things. The molecule consists of two strands that wind around each other to form a double helix structure where the strands are joined by hydrogen bonds. It is a nucleotide polymer where each nucleotide consists of a sugar called deoxyribose, a nitrogenous base (which can be adenine, thymine, cytosine or guanine) and a phosphate group (derived from phosphoric acid). What distinguishes one polynucleotide from another, is the nitrogenous base and thus the sequence of DNA is specified by naming only the sequence of its bases. The sequential arrangement of these four bases along the chain is what encodes the genetic information.

Consider that DNA replication is semi-conservative, which means that each strand of the DNA double helix functions as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand.  This process leads from one starting molecule to two "daughter" molecules, in which each new double helix contains one new and one old strand. Then, if nitrogen tags are incorporated into the DNA, they will register on the old strand of the new DNA molecule.

On the other hand, RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a molecule similar to DNA but has only one strand and consists of a sugar (ribose) and alternating phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of the four bases adenine, uracil, cytosine or guanine. The process of RNA synthesis, called transcription, consists of making a complementary copy of a piece of DNA. During this process, an enzyme called ARN polymerase, adds nucleotides that are complementary to the DNA strand. Then, this new RNA strand has new nucleotides. Thereby, if you examine the DNA strands after completion of DNA replication in the presence of heavy labeled RNA bases, you would not notice any difference or any labeled base, because RNA is not used to make DNA.


Related Questions

Describe the competitive exclusion principle and its effects on competing species

Answers

The competitive exclusion principle says that two species can't coexist if they occupy exactly the same niche (competing for identical resources). Two species whose niches overlap may evolve by natural selection to have more distinct niches, resulting in resource partitioning.

Tendons play an important role in the body. What is the function of tendons?

Answers

Answer:

A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue which attaches muscle to bone. Tendons may also attach muscles to structures such as the eyeball. A tendon serves to move the bone or structure.

Tendons play an important role in the body. What is the function of tendons?

All plants are subject to photorespiration, but not all plants are equally affected by photorespiration due to the environment in which they live.Choose one of the two pictures (A or B) and explain why that environment would increase the likelihood that those plants would be greatly affected by photorespiration. Your answer should describe the nature of the environmental impact and how the impact would affect the anatomy and physiology of photosynthesis of the plant.The environments are:A. Desert. Prairie

Answers

Answer:

Desert.

Explanation:

Photorespiration occurs in C3 plants because their photosynthetic activities are disturbed due to high temperature of the environmental while on the other hand, C4 plants has absent this photorespiration process. The desert environment has direct impact on the plants having photorespiration due to its high temperature of the surrounding as compared Prairie where the environment is moderate so the C3 plants has high chances of photorespiration in desert condition as compared to Prairie.

Ecosystem productivity is principally limited by
a. sunlight and nutrient availability
b. water and nutrient availability
c. the availability of time and nutrients
d. none of the above

Answers

Is the letter A) sunlinght and nutrient availability

Answer:

a

Explanation:

What statement most directly demonstrates a way that the geosphere is involved in the nitrogen cycle? A. Fossil fuels form when decaying organisms are buried underground for long periods. B. Animals break down proteins and other nitrogen-containing compounds into waste products. C. Some plants absorb nitrogen from the air and use it to form proteins. D. Bacteria that convert ammonia into nitrites and nitrates are found in the soil.

Answers

Answer:bacteria that convert ammonia into nitrites and nitrates are found in the soil.

It on Plato

Answer:

bacteria that convert ammonia into nitrites and nitrates are found in the soil.

Explanation:

74. As layer upon layer of sediments are deposited, the process of the presses them
together.

Answers

Answer:

GO GET BOY

Explanation:

Which type of fuel produces greenhouse gases?
A. Hydroelectric
B. Wind
C. Biomass
D. Nuclear

Answers

The type of fuel produces greenhouse gases is the Biomass fuels.

Who are fossil fuels?

Fossil fuels include oil and its derivatives, coal and natural gas, all formed by the decomposition of living organisms.

The main cause of the greenhouse effect is industrialization. Due to this process, the burning of fossil fuels has intensified in recent centuries. The main products of the combustion reaction of these reagents are the gases mentioned above as the main ones for the greenhouse effect.

in this case, biomass fuels are plants, animals and their derivatives are biomass. Use as fuel can be made from its raw form, such as wood, agricultural products and residues, forest residues, livestock residues, animal excrement and garbage. In other words, are fossil fuels and podruces greenhouse gases.

See more about fossil fuels at brainly.com/question/2029072

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Which of the following organisms are most closely related evolutionarily?
A.
starfish and sand dollar
B.
fish and starfish
C.
fish and clam
D.
crab and starfish

Answers

The answer is b
I hope you have a nice day
the answer for this is B

i’ll give brainliest :) !!

Root hairs, a part of the root tissue system, does what?

Answers

Answer:

The third option is correct.

Hope this helps.

what are the merit of
indigenous education​

Answers

Answer:

It was a way to protect, preserve and develop traditional indigenous skills and cultures. Education was a significant step towards empowering indigenous peoples to participate more fully in their communities. It was an indispensable asset to attain freedom and social justice.

Answer:

The core of indigenous education in Africa focused on providing each individual in the community with knowledge, practical skills and attitudes in order to prepare them to for his/her role in the society. It is a holistic system, in which apprenticeship, story telling, proverbs and myths played an important role. Traditional education developed in the ‘learners’ a sense of obligation towards the community and made learners to appreciate the history, language,customs and values of the tribal group, keeping in touch with their heritage, their cultural roots. Western education alienates young Africans from their cultural heritage.

The Offspring produced by a cross between two given types of plants can be any of the three genotypes denoted by A, B, and C. A theoretical model of any of the three genotypes denoted by A, B, and C should be in the ratio 1:2:1. For experimental verification, 100 plants are bred by crossing the two given types. Their genetic classifications are recorded. Do these data contradict the genetic model

Answers

Complete question:

The offspring produced between two given types of plants can be any of the three genotypes, denoted by A, B and C. A theoretical model of gene inheritance suggests that the offspring of types A, B and C should be in a 1:2:1 ratio (meaning 25% A, 50% B, and 25% C). For experimental verification, 100 plants are bred by crossing the two given types. Their genetic classifications are recorded in the table below.

Genotype       Observed frequency

    A             →        18 individuals

    B             →        55 individuals

    C             →        27 individuals

Do these contradict the genetic model?  

Use a 0.05 level of significance.

Determine the chi-square test statistic.

Answer:

Do these contradict the genetic model? No, according to the chi-square test, there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis of the population being in equilibrium.  

Explanation:

Available data:

Crossed genotypes: twoGenotypes among the offspring; Three → A, B, and CExpected phenotypic ratio → 1:2:1Total number of individuals, N = 100A = 18 individualsB = 55 individualsC = 27 individuals

So, let us first state the hypothesis:

H₀= the population is equilibrium for this locus → F(A) = 25%,  F(B) = 50%, F(C) = 25%  H₁ = the population is not in equilibrium

Now, let us calculate the number of expected individuals, according to their expected ratio.

4 -------------- 100% -------------100 individuals

1 ---------------  25% -------------X = 25 individuals A

2 --------------  50% -------------X = 50 individuals B

1----------------- 25%--------------X = 25 individuals C

                                                  A                             B                           C

Observed                         18                            55                         27 Expected                         25                           50                         25 (Obs-Exp)²/Exp                1.96                        0.5                        0.16

(Obs-Exp)²/Exp

A)  (18 - 25)²/25 = 49/25 = 1.96

B)  (55 - 50)² / 50 = 25/50 = 0.5

C)  (27 - 25)²/25 = 4/25 = 0.16

Chi square = X² = Σ(Obs-Exp)²/Exp  

∑ is the sum of the terms O are the Observed individuals: 2 in chamber B, and 18 in chamber A.  E are the Expected individuals: 10 in each chamber  

= ∑ ((O-E)²/E) = 1.96 + 0.5 + 0.16 = 2.62

Freedom degrees = 2

Significance level, 5% = 0.05  

Table value/Critical value = 5.99

X² < Critical value

2.62 < 5.99    

These results suggest that there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis. We can assume that the locus under study in this population is in equilibrium H-W.  

 

4. Predict what a fossil that illustrates the
evolution of a bird from a reptile might look
like.

Answers

Answer:

The discovery that birds evolved from small carnivorous dinosaurs of the Late Jurassic was made possible by recently discovered fossils from China, South America, and other countries, as well as by looking at old museum specimens from new perspectives and with new methods. The hunt for the ancestors of living birds began with a specimen of Archaeopteryx, the first known bird, discovered in the early 1860s. Like birds, it had feathers along its arms and tail, but unlike living birds, it also had teeth and a long bony tail. Furthermore, many of the bones in Archaeopteryx's hands, shoulder girdles, pelvis, and feet were distinct, not fused and reduced as they are in living birds. Based on these characteristics, Archaeopteryx was recognized as an intermediate between birds and reptiles; but which reptiles

The molecules of the electron transport chain perform redox reactions in order to
a. concentrate H+ in the intermembrane space.
b. move electrons to ATP synthases.
c. reduce NAD+ to NADH.
d.oxidize oxygen to form water.

Answers

The best answer to go with is b your welcome buddy

if your family produces an average of 1.8kg of solid waste per person per day, how much waste will your entire family generate in the month of october?

Answers

Answer:

According to the EPA, the average American person will produce about 5.91 pounds of trash, with about 1.51 pounds being recycled; 4.40 pounds is the rough average daily waste per person. That's a lot!

what are some injuries where you don't feel pain?

Answers

Answer:

Jumping off a high building

Explanation:

your body wont feel the pain bc u will die to fast and ur brain cant proccess the pain btw dont k----ys

So What are all the good things about parakeets that i can convince my dad to let me keep my 10 parakeets my mom got me

Answers

Answer:

They are cute, they can learn easily, you can train em, they're honestly good company, and uh- that's all I could think of :/

Explanation:

Have a nice day :) And I hope you get to keep your uh "birdies"

All cells contain the molecule DNA. Which best explains why DNA is important to all cells?
A) All cells need DNA to process sugars.
B) All cells need DNA to carry information.
C) All cells need DNA to reproduce asexually.
D) All cells need DNA to perform photosynthesis.

Answers

B ) all cells need DNA to carry information

I need help on homework

Answers

Answer:

i wanna say the second to last one

Explanation:

PLEASE HELP !! ILL GIVE 40 POINTS ; PLUS BRAINLIEST !! DONT SKIP ANSWER.

Answers

Answer: c

Explanation: :)

Give an example ecological disturbance. Light Disturbance? Extreme Disturbance.

Answers

Answer:

In contrast, major disturbances include large-scale wind events (such as tropical cyclones), volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, intense forest fires, epidemics, ocean temperature changes stemming from El Niño events or other climate phenomena, and pollution and land-use conversion caused by humans.

Explanation:

Seed size in a plant is a polygenic characteristic. A grower crosses two pure-breeding varieties of the plant and measures seed size in the F1 progeny. She then backcrosses the F1 plants to one of the parental varieties and measures seed size in the backcross progeny. The grower finds that seed size in the backcross progeny has a higher variance that does seed size in the F1 progeny. Explain why the backcross progeny are more variable.

Answers

Answer:

The F1 progeny is completely heterozygous for the loci of interest since they were obtained by mating between two pure-breeding plant lines. In the next generation, the backcross progeny will have homo-zygous individuals and therefore they will be more variable, resulting from meiosis in F1 hybrids

Explanation:

An F1 resulting from the cross between two pure-breeding plant lines will produce all hybrid individuals, all of them genetically (and phenotypically) identical. Meiosis in F1 hybrids is well known to produce homo-zygous genotypes and thus increases genetic diversity in progeny. For instance, for a single locus, the expected ratio of genotypes obtained from crossing two heterozygous parents is 1:2:1, i.e., one homo-zigous dominant individual, two heterozygous individuals (genetically identical to the parents) and one homo-zygous recessive individual; while the expected phenotypic ratio is 3:1 (i.e., 3 dominant expressing: 1 recessive expressing​).

Where do majority of tornadoes occur in the United States?

Answers

Answer:

central united states

Explanation:

mainly in this area because of cold air coming in from canada and warmer air coming from the gulf of mexico meeting and causing tornados.

Answer:

A majority of tornadoes that occur in the United States, occur in the  Midwest and Southeast region of the United States.

Explanation:

Tornadoes can impact just about every U.S. state, but the majority of these storms are concentrated in states throughout the Midwest and Southeast. In fact, of the average 1,137 tornadoes that occur in the United States each year, 64% of them form in states located in “Tornado Alley” and “Dixie Alley”, two regions with a disproportionately high frequency of tornadoes due to atmospheric conditions that persist for long stretches of the year.

With an average of 140 tornadoes annually, Texas is the most tornado-prone state in the U.S., followed by Kansas with 80 and Florida with 59, according to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration data.

Top five states with the most tornadoes

Texas - 140

Kansas - 80

Florida - 59

Oklahoma - 56

Nebraska - 54

Bottom five states with the least tornadoes

Alaska - 0

Hawaii - 0

Rhode Island - 0

Delaware - 1

Idaho - 1

What causes weather fronts to move?

Answers

Answer:

A warm air mass pushes into a colder air mass (the warm front), and then another cold air mass pushes into the warm air mass (the cold front). Because cold fronts move faster, the cold front is likely to overtake the warm front. ... The warm air rises as these air masses come together.

Explanation:

Hope this helps!!

Answer:

when warm air rises cold air covers the spot it was in so its a cycle warm air rises cold air fills its place

Which of the following best describes the difference between population size and population density?

A. Population density measures the abundance of an organism, whereas population size measures the distribution

B. Population size measures the abundance of an organism, whereas population density measures the distribution

C. Population size measures abundance, but population density measures how rapidly the size changes

D. Both variables measure abundance, but population density takes the into account the size of individuals, not just the number of individuals in the population

E. None of these descriptions are correct

Answers

Population size refers to the number of individuals, while population dendity refers to the number of individuals per unit of area or volume. The correct option is E. None of these descriptions are correct.

------------------------------------------------

Before answering the question, let us review the concepts of population size and density.

Population size refers to the number of individuals composing a population.

Population size might determine the destiny of the population.

A small population has more chances to get extinct than a bigger-sized population.

Density refers to the average number of individuals of the same species per unit of area or volume. This measure may be more significant than population size.

To estimate population density there are two possible methods: Direct methods and indirect methods.  

Abundance indexes are the parameters related to density, and they reflect changes that might happen in the target population density. They are commonly used to compare population sizes.

According to these concepts, the correct option is E. None of these descriptions are correct.

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need helpppppp so can some of ya help me pls ​

Answers

Answer:

Hexagonal prisim

Answer:

A= incorrect (no rectangle)

B=correct

C=incorrect (5 points)

D= incorrect (8 points)

Hope this helps!

Plz help me I am timed!!

Answers

Answer:

The Sun is your answer!

Explanation:

that is your answer

I'LL GIVE BRAINLIST
What advantages does wifi applications of waves have over the previous technology?

Answers

Wi-Fi technology has its origins in a 1985 ruling by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission that released the bands of the radio spectrum at 900 megahertz (MHz), 2.4 gigahertz (GHz), and 5.8 GHz for unlicensed use by anyone. Technology firms began building wireless networks and devices to take advantage of the newly available radio spectrum, but without a common wireless standard the movement remained fragmented, as devices from different manufacturers were rarely compatible. Eventually, a committee of industry leaders came up with a common standard, called 802.11, which was approved by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 1997. Two years later a group of major companies formed the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA, now the Wi-Fi Alliance), a global nonprofit organization created to promote the new wireless standard. WECA named the new technology Wi-Fi. Subsequent IEEE standards for Wi-Fi have been introduced to allow for greater bandwidth. The original 802.11 standard allowed a maximum data transmission rate of only 2 megabits per second (Mbps); 802.11n, introduced in 2007, has a maximum rate of 600 Mbps.

Under the IEEE Wi-Fi standards, the available frequency bands are split into several separate channels. These channels overlap in frequency, and therefore Wi-Fi uses channels that are far apart. Within each of these channels, Wi-Fi uses a “spread spectrum” technique in which a signal is broken into pieces and transmitted over multiple frequencies. Spread spectrum enables the signal to be transmitted at a lower power per frequency and also allows multiple devices to use the same Wi-Fi transmitter. Because Wi-Fi signals are often transmitted over short distances (usually less than 100 metres [330 feet]) in indoor environments, the signal can reflect off walls, furniture, and other obstacles, thus arriving at multiple time intervals and causing a problem called multipath interference. Wi-Fi reduces multipath interference by combining three different ways of transmitting the signal (in a method developed by Australian engineer John O’Sullivan and collaborators). The popularity of Wi-Fi has grown steadily. Wi-Fi allows local area networks (LANs) to operate without cables and wiring, making it a popular choice for home and business networks. Wi-Fi can also be used to provide wireless broadband Internet access for many modern devices, such as laptops, smartphones, tablet computers, and electronic gaming consoles. Wi-Fi-enabled devices are able to connect to the Internet when they are near areas that have Wi-Fi access, called “hot spots.” Hot spots have become common, with many public places such as airports, hotels, bookstores, and coffee shops offering Wi-Fi access. Some cities have constructed free citywide Wi-Fi networks. A version of Wi-Fi called Wi-Fi Direct allows connectivity between devices without a LAN. Radiotelegraphy, radio communication by means of Morse Code or other coded signals. The radio carrier is modulated by changing its amplitude, frequency, or phase in accordance with the Morse dot-dash system or some other code. At the receiver the coded modulation is recovered by an appropriate demodulator and the code groups are converted into the corresponding symbols. In many instances the symbols are generated by a computer and modem rather than with a manual telegraph key.

PLS HELP ME ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST ​

Answers

Answer:

Because of the animals present there.

Explanation: Birds and Turtles lay eggs with shells therefore the shells are more likely to be found in their landscape

natural selection vs artificial whats the difference​

Answers

Natural selection is when an animal does by nature like by natural causes or the weakest dies while the strong survive while artificial is only making the best traits survive not naturally and keeping the ones with the best traits alive

Why do you think the appearance of the Moon and the stone sphere is similar in this way? (Hint: Think about the light in the image

Answers

Answer:

I think I forgot

Explanation:

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