Question 8 (1 point) ✓ Saved
What ion with a +2 charge has the electron configuration: [Xe]4f145d7?
Au 2+
Pt 2+
Hg 2+
Ir 2+

Answer: "C the long-term survival of an entire species of organisms."

Explanation:

A - Yes, reproduction of the species is part of Evolution, it is not the best answer for the question taking into account the other possible answers.

B - Evolution is not necessarily a short-term thing, Evolution occurs over a long period of time.

C - *Refer to the explanation above.*

D - This answer has more to do with Ecosystems, rather than Evolution/Natural Selection.

As a result, the material has a specific heat capacity of 0.20 J/g°C.

Its specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of any substance or matter by one degree Celsius.

We can use the following formula to find the substance's specific heat capacity: Q = m * c * ΔT

where Q is the extra energy in joules, m is the substance's mass in grammes, c is its specific heat capacity in joules per gramme of temperature, and T is the temperature change in degrees Celsius.

When we substitute the specified values, we obtain:

36.6 J = (6.1 g) * c * (80.0°C - 50.0°C)

Simplifying and solving for c, we get:

c = 36.6 J / (6.1 g * 30.0°C)

c = 0.20 J/g°C

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20 %

Explanation:

becuz 25 divided by 125 multiplied by 100 is 20

The cage size of the zeolites is in angstroms scale. The size of the cage of zeolites ranges from 2-10 angstroms and that is too small to be measured in centimeters. So, the statement given is false.

Zeolites are defined as the minerals which contain mainly aluminum and silicon compounds. These are used as drying agents in detergents and in water and air purifiers. The zeolites have a cage size which is much more smaller than a nanometer which makes them selective towards certain molecules based on their size and shape.

The properties of zeolites are attributed to their pore structure of the cage. Zeolite is composed of channels and cages which provides a surface area that is accessible to molecules that can be adsorbed.

Zeolite have high surface area of which makes them an effective catalyst for a wide range of reactions which includes the conversion of petroleum feedstocks to gasoline and diesel fuel.

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A) The conjugate acid of C2H5NH2 is C2H5NH3+, B) The conjugate acid of C6H5NH2 is C6H5NH3+, C) The conjugate acid of HPO42- is H2PO4-, D) The conjugate acid of HCO3- is H2CO3.

According to the balanced chemical equation, the conjugate acid has the formula C6H5NH+3 C 6 H 5 N H 3 +. The gain of a single proton defines the conjugate acid.

H2PO4- is hence capable of acting as both an acid and a base. Hence, HPO42- is the conjugate base of H2PO4-. The conjugate base is HPO42- and the acid is H2PO4-.

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The group highlights the metalloids in the illustration of the periodic table is C.

The C are the metalloids or the semi-metals this means they have the some properties that is similar to the metals and the non-metals. The Metalloids can be defined as the chemical elements whose the physical and the chemical properties fall in the between the metal and the non-metal categories.

The Boron, the germanium, silicon, the antimony, arsenic, the tellurium and the pollanium are the seven that is most widely recognized metalloids. Therefore, the metalloids are highlighted by the group C that is present in the periodic table.

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Answer:

11

Explanation:

mass no.= No. of protons+ no.of neutrons

= 5+6

=11

The two specific pollutants in the stormwater runoff are pathogens and the bacteria.

The common types of the pollutants found in the stormwater runoff will include the sediment, nutrients, the pathogens and the bacteria, heavy metals like the copper, zinc, and the lead, trash and the debris, organic matter, and the microorganisms.

As the storm water flows across streets, sidewalks, lawns and golf courses, it can pick up harmful pollutants and push them into storm drains, rivers and streams. The Stormwater runoff is generated from the rain and the snowmelt that will flows over the land or the impervious surfaces, such as the paved streets, parking lots, and the building rooftops, and it does not soak in the ground.

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The relationship between pressure and volume of a gas is Inverse, so that as volume decreases, pressure increases. The relationship between pressure and volume of a gas is called the Boyle's Law.

According to this law, at a constant temperature and amount of gas, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other i.e. PV = K where P is the pressure, V is the volume, and K is a constant. So, as the volume of a gas decreases, the pressure increases, and as the volume of a gas increases, the pressure decreases.

This can be explained by the fact that as the volume decreases, the molecules of gas are compressed into a smaller space, which causes them to collide more frequently with each other and the walls of the container. This increase in collisions results in an increase in pressure. Conversely, as the volume increases, the molecules of gas have more space to move around and collide less frequently, resulting in a decrease in pressure.

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Answer:

190%

Explanation:

((BP of glycerin - BP of water) / BP of water) * 100%

((290 - 100) / 100) * 100%

Based on the observation in the warm-up activity, where the temperature of the surrounding water increased during the reaction inside the chamber, it can be inferred that the reaction released heat energy (enthalpy).

This is because the temperature of the surrounding water increased, indicating that energy was transferred from the system (reaction inside the chamber) to the surroundings (water).

According to the first law of thermodynamics, the total energy of a closed system is conserved, meaning that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can only be transferred between the system and the surroundings. In exothermic reactions, energy is released by the system to the surroundings, resulting in an increase in the temperature of the surroundings.

Therefore, the observation of an increase in temperature of the surrounding water suggests that the reaction inside the chamber is exothermic and releases heat energy.

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The neutralization reaction is:

O2H 3PO4 + 3Ba(OH) 2 → 6H 2O+ Ba(PO 4)2

A neutralization reaction is a type of chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base, resulting in the formation of a salt and water.

In this reaction, the hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid react with the hydroxide ions (OH-) from the base to form water (H2O), which neutralizes the acidic and basic properties of the reactants. The remaining ions then combine to form a salt.

The general equation for a neutralization reaction is:

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

For this question, the chosen answer is the neutralization reaction  because an acid (H3PO4) and a base (Ba(OH)2) react to form water and a salt (Ba(PO4)2).

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The volume of the balloon at the new pressure and temperature will be approximately 0.721 L.

This is a problem involving the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, number of moles, and temperature of a gas:

PV = nRT

where P is pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is  ideal gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

We can use this equation to solve for the final volume of the balloon at a different pressure and temperature, assuming that the number of moles of gas remains constant.

Firstly, we need to convert temperature to Kelvin:

T₁ = 273.15 + 15 = 288.15 K

T₂ = 273.15 - 50 = 223.15 K

Next, we can rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for the final volume:

V₂ = (nRT₂)/P₂

where P₂ is the new pressure.

To find the new pressure, we can use the ideal gas law equation with the given conditions:

P₁V₁ = nRT₁

Solving for P₁:

P₁ = (nRT₁) / V₁

P₁ = (6.112 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(288.15 K) / (2.29932 L)

P₁ = 16.2 atm

Now we can use the new pressure and temperature to calculate the final volume:

V₂ = (nRT₂)/P₂

V₂ = (6.112 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(223.15 K) / (16.2 atm)

V₂ = 0.721 L

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The polarity of water is a critical property that enables it to dissolve and transport ions, such as sodium and potassium, to the heart cells, which are essential for proper cardiac function.

The property of water that allows it to carry ions to the heart is its polarity. Water is a polar molecule, which means it has a partial negative charge near the oxygen atom and a partial positive charge near the hydrogen atoms. This polarity allows water molecules to interact with and dissolve ionic compounds, such as sodium and potassium ions, which are crucial for the proper functioning of heart cells. In the bloodstream, sodium and potassium ions are transported by the water molecules.

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The number of water molecules in the container when one electron is removed from every hundredth water molecule and placed in a container is 100. m from the water is 3.30 x 1025.

Given,1 liter of water = 1000 g of water1 mole of water molecules = 6.022 x 1023 particles.

Therefore, 55.5 moles of water molecules = 55.5 x 6.022 x 1023 particles = 3.33 x 1025 particles one electron is removed from every hundredth water molecule.

So, 1 electron is removed from 1% of water molecules. Therefore, the number of water molecules from which the electron is removed = (1/100) x 3.33 x 1025 = 3.33 x 1023 molecules.

Now, this electron is placed 100 m away from the water container. The distance between the water container and the electron is not relevant for finding the number of water molecules in the container, hence can be ignored.

So, the number of water molecules in the container = Total number of water molecules - number of water molecules from which electron is removed= 3.33 x 1025 - 3.33 x 1023 = 3.30 x 1025.

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The correct option is A) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.

The assertion is that atomic size decreases across a period and increases down a group of the periodic table.

The assertion is correct because, moving from left to right across a period, the atomic number of elements increases, resulting in an increase in the number of protons in the nucleus, which attract the electrons closer to the nucleus, reducing the atomic size. Additionally, as electrons are added to the same valence shell, there is no significant increase in the shielding effect of inner shells, which further decreases the atomic size.

The reason is also correct because, as we move down a group, the number of electron shells increases, and the atomic size increases because of the increasing distance between the outermost electrons and the nucleus. The electrons in inner shells also provide more shielding, reducing the effective attraction of the nucleus on the outermost electrons, further increasing the atomic size.

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When a chemist dissolves solid potassium chloride in a given amount of water until no more will dissolve at that temperature to prepare a saturated solution and concentrated solution.

A saturated solution is defined as a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved under the condition at which the solution exists. Every solution can reach a status of saturation. A concentrated solution is defined as a solution that has a relatively large amount of dissolved solute. This solution has a large amounts of solute in the given solvent. For example, solid potassium chloride dissolves in a given amount of water until no more will dissolve at that temperature. A saturated solution contains the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent while a concentrated solution contains a high amount of a solute dissolved in the solvent.

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The monoprotic acid's molar mass is 138.1 g/mol as a result.

By dividing the acid sample's mass by the moles of acid identified for each experiment, you may compute the unknown acid's molar mass. Calculate the average acid molar mass and record the result on your data sheet.

The correct answer is:

Acid + KOH → Salt + Water

The amount and concentration of KOH used in the titration may be used to determine the moles of acid:

Moles of KOH = concentration of KOH × volume of KOH

= 0.100 mol/L × 0.0320 L

= 0.00320 mol KOH

We may use the following formula to get the acid's molar mass:

Molar mass = mass of sample / moles of acid

Plugging in the values we know:

Molar mass = 0.442 g / 0.00320 mol

= 138.1 g/mol.

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Assuming no change in pressure, the gas' volume at 120.0 °C is 916.7 mL.

To solve this problem, we can use the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas. The ideal gas law is given by the formula:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

To find the volume of the gas at 120.0 °C, we need to convert the temperatures to Kelvin. The temperature in Kelvin is given by:

T (K) = T (°C) + 273.15

Therefore, the temperature at 27.0 °C is 300.15 K, and the temperature at 120.0 °C is 393.15 K.

We can set up the ideal gas law equation for the initial and final states of the gas:

P₁V₁ = nRT₁ (for the initial state at 27.0 °C)

P₂V₂ = nRT₂ (for the final state at 120.0 °C)

Assuming the pressure did not change, we can set P₁ = P₂, which allows us to solve for V₂:

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

V₂ = V₁ * T₂/T₁

Substituting the given values, we get:

V₂ = 700.0 mL * (393.15 K) / (300.15 K) = 916.7 mL

Therefore, the volume of the gas at 120.0 °C assuming pressure did not change is 916.7 mL.

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Answer:

(a) At 20 °C the average kinetic energy of the particles is higher than at 60 °C.

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A metastable state is a state of the substrate in which the reaction can proceed but typically requires a catalyst. This statement best describes a metastable state. The correct answer is C.

A metastable state is a state of the substrate in which the reaction can proceed but typically requires a catalyst. It is a state of matter that is not in equilibrium but appears to be in equilibrium for a long time, after which it collapses to its most stable state.

Metastability is the quality of a non-equilibrium system to remain in a quasi-stable state for a longer period than predicted by the system's relaxation time.

Here are some characteristics of metastable states: The equilibrium changes in the state but not in the rate. The activation energy difference between a catalyzed and an uncatalyzed reaction makes up the metastable state. The state is made up of transient complexes with the substrate.

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a. The pressure in the compartment would be 6.7 atm at 45.0°C. b. Converting 6.7 atm to kPa gives 680.6 kPa. This is about 6.7 times greater than standard atmospheric pressure.

Converting 0.050 L to m³ gives 5.0 x 10^-5 m³.

Using the ideal gas law, we can calculate the new pressure to be 4.4 atm.

We can use the Ideal Gas Law to solve this problem, which states:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K), and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

a) We are given the volume V = 0.050 L, the temperature T = 45.0°C = 318.15 K, and the assumption that the compartment holds the same number of moles of N2 as in the previous question, which is n = 0.036 mol. We can rearrange the Ideal Gas Law to solve for P:

P = nRT/V

P = (0.036 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(318.15 K)/(0.050 L)

P = 146.7 atm

b) To convert this pressure to kPa, we can use the conversion factor 1 atm = 101.3 kPa:

P = 146.7 atm x 101.3 kPa/atm

P = 14862 kPa

To describe how many times greater than standard atmospheric pressure this would be, we can divide this pressure by standard atmospheric pressure, which is approximately 101.3 kPa:

14862 kPa / 101.3 kPa = 146.5

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At 1100 C, the composition of the first solid phase that forms will be closer to the composition of copper than to the composition of silver.

There are a few different steps that need to be taken in order to answer this question properly.

The first step is to identify what the 20 wt% Ag - 80 wt% Cu concentration means. This concentration means that the material is made up of 20% silver and 80% copper by weight.

The second step is to identify the temperature that the material is being cooled from. In this case, the temperature is 1100 C.

The third step is to use phase diagrams to determine what the composition of the first solid phase that forms will be. Phase diagrams are diagrams that show the relationship between temperature, pressure, and the phases of a substance.

In this case, we will be using a binary phase diagram, which shows the relationship between two components. In order to use a phase diagram, we need to know the exact composition of the material that we are working with.

In this case, we know that the material is 20 wt% Ag - 80 wt% Cu. We can use this composition to find the corresponding point on the phase diagram.

Once we have found the point on the phase diagram that corresponds to our material, we can use the diagram to determine the composition of the first solid phase that forms. This composition will depend on the temperature that the material is being cooled from.

At 1100 C, the composition of the first solid phase that forms will be approximately 67% copper and 33% silver. The reason for this composition is that at 1100 C, the material is in the liquid phase.

As the material cools, it will begin to solidify. The first solid phase that forms will be a solid solution of copper and silver. This solid solution will have a composition that is between the composition of pure copper (which is 100% copper) and the composition of pure silver (which is 100% silver).

At 1100 C, the composition of the first solid phase that forms will be closer to the composition of copper than to the composition of silver. This is because copper has a lower melting point than silver, so it will solidify first. As the temperature continues to decrease, the composition of the solid phase will shift towards the composition of silver.

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If you incorrectly measured your starting mass too high, the percent recovery results would be lower than they should be. This is because percent recovery is calculated as the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, multiplied by 100%.

The actual yield is the amount of product that you actually obtained from the reaction, while the theoretical yield is the amount of product that you would expect to obtain based on stoichiometric calculations.

If you measured your starting mass too high, you would have used more reactant than you should have, resulting in a larger amount of product than you would have obtained if you had used the correct amount of reactant. This means that your actual yield would be higher than it should be, while your theoretical yield would remain the same.

As a result, the ratio of actual to theoretical yield would be lower than it should be, and your percent recovery results would be underestimated.

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1.82 × 10²⁰ ozone molecules in 5.00 L of air under the given stratospheric conditions.

To calculate the number of ozone molecules in 5.00 L of air under the given conditions, we need to use the ideal gas law, which relates the number of gas molecules to the pressure, volume, temperature, and the gas constant (R).

The ideal gas law will be written as:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure in atmospheres (atm), V is the volume in liters (L), n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant (0.08206 L·atm/mol·K), and T is temperature in Kelvin (K).

First, we need to convert the pressure to units of atmospheres:

1.49 × 10⁻³ atm = 1.46 × 10⁻³ atm (to three significant figures)

Next, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of air in the given volume:

PV = nRT

n = PV / RT

n = (1.46 × 10⁻³ atm) (5.00 L) / [(0.08206 L·atm/mol·K) (235 K)]

n = 0.1008 mol air

Assuming that the concentration of ozone in the stratosphere is 3 ppm (parts per million), which means 3 ozone molecules per million air molecules, we can calculate the number of ozone molecules in 5.00 L of air:

3 ppm = 3 ozone molecules / 1 million air molecules

So the number of ozone molecules in 5.00 L of air is:

n_ozone = (3 ozone molecules / 1 million air molecules) (0.1008 mol air)

n_ozone = 0.0003024 mol ozone

Finally, we can convert the number of moles of ozone to the number of ozone molecules using Avogadro's number:

N_ozone = n_ozone × N_A

where N_A is Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10²³ molecules/mol).

N_ozone = (0.0003024 mol) × (6.022 × 10²³ molecules/mol)

N_ozone = 1.82 × 10²⁰ ozone molecules

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the measure of the intensity of heat in degrees, reflecting the average kinetic energy of the molecules, regardless of volume. It is called temperature.

Temperature is a proportion of the typical kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the framework.

The zeroth law of thermodynamics says that no intensity is moved between two items in a warm balance; hence, they are a similar temperature.

Intensity and temperature are two distinct yet firmly related ideas. Note that they have various units: temperature normally has units of degrees Celsius (C degrees, begin a text, C, end text) or Kelvin (K Kstart text, K, end text), and intensity has units of energy, Joules (J Jstart text, J, end text). Temperature is a proportion of the typical kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the framework. The water molecules in some hot espresso have a higher typical kinetic energy than the water molecules in some chilled tea, which likewise implies they are moving at a higher speed. Temperature is likewise a serious property, and that implies that the temperature doesn't change regardless of the amount of a substance you have (for however long it is all at a similar temperature!). For this reason, scientific experts can utilize the dissolving point to assist with recognizing an unadulterated substance short the temperature at which it liquefies is a property of the substance with no reliance on the mass of an example.

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the complete question is:

the measure of the intensity of heat in degrees, reflecting the average kinetic energy of the molecules, regardless of volume. It is called_____________.

Over-titrating the impure sample of KHP results in D)a too small calculation of the percent purity of the impure KHP sample.

When a titration is over-titrated, it means that more titrant than needed was added to the titrated solution, indicating the endpoint has passed. It is typical in acid-base titrations when the titration mixture's pH goes beyond the equivalence point's neutral value, indicating that more base has been added than was necessary to react with the acid solution in the flask. If the titration solution is over-titrated, the equivalence point will be passed, and the solution's pH will go beyond the endpoint. This implies that the reaction between the two reagents is no longer complete and that unreacted reagents remain in the solution.

The concentration of the titrant in the burette is calculated, and the moles of the titrant required to neutralize the sample's unknown acid or base are calculated to determine the quantity of the unknown acid or base in the sample. When the titration is over-titrated, the volume of titrant needed to reach the endpoint will be too high. This will cause the calculation of the unknown acid or base's quantity to be too low, implying that the percentage purity of the impure KHP sample is too small.

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Option ,1,3 and 4 are correct.

Nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide are the gases that cause respiratory illness when exposed over the long run.

These gases/oxides are harmful because of the following reasons-

An oxide is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element.It can be either inorganic or organic. Oxides are compounds with a wide range of physical and chemical properties.

Respiratory illness is a broad term used to describe a variety of respiratory system disorders. The respiratory system is made up of the lungs, airways, and muscles that enable you to breathe.Respiratory disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, and emphysema are some examples of respiratory disorders caused by exposure to environmental pollutants.

Carbon dioxide-Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is a byproduct of respiration. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming when released into the atmosphere. However, it is not considered to be harmful to human health when exposed in low concentrations.

Sulfur dioxide-Sulfur dioxide is a colorless gas that is produced by the burning of fossil fuels. Sulfur dioxide is a hazardous air pollutant that causes respiratory illnesses such as asthma and bronchitis

Nitrogen oxides-Nitrogen oxides are produced by combustion processes such as the burning of fossil fuels. Nitrogen oxides can cause respiratory illnesses such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). When nitrogen oxides combine with water vapor, they form acid rain.

Carbon monoxide-Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is produced by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. Carbon monoxide poisoning can cause headaches, nausea, dizziness, and even death when exposed in high concentrations. Carbon monoxide is also a contributor to air pollution.

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An atom with 6 protons and 2 electrons would have a net charge of +4, indicating that it has lost two electrons. This atom is now referred to as a cation, specifically a helium cation (He₂⁺). The ion notation for this atom would be written as He₂⁺.

The notation is a shorthand way of representing the atomic structure of an ion. It includes the chemical symbol of the element followed by the charge of the ion written as a superscript. In this case, the chemical symbol is He, which represents helium. The superscript of 2+ indicates that the helium atom has lost two electrons, leaving it with a net positive charge.

It is important to note that the number of protons in the nucleus of the helium ion remains the same as in a neutral helium atom. However, the number of electrons in the ion has decreased, resulting in a change in its chemical and physical properties. This ion is now more likely to bond with other ions or atoms to regain its lost electrons and become more stable.

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