A sound accounting system provides several benefits to a not-for-profit organization. These include:
- Ensuring that funds are used in accordance with donor wishes and legal requirements
- Providing accurate and timely financial information to stakeholders, including donors, board members, and the public
- Helping to prevent fraud and misuse of funds
- Facilitating decision-making and strategic planning
- Helping to maintain the organization's reputation and credibility
There are several ways to prevent accounting fraud in a not-for-profit organization. These include:
1. Segregation of duties
2. Internal controls
3. Regular audits
4. Training and education
5. Whistleblower policy
Segregation of duties involves separating responsibilities for different aspects of the accounting process, so that no one person has too much control. For example, one person should not be responsible for both receiving and disbursing funds.
Internal controls include policies and procedures to ensure that financial transactions are properly authorized, recorded, and reported. For example, requiring two signatures on checks over a certain amount can help prevent fraud.
Regular audits: Conducting regular audits can help detect and prevent fraud. This could include both internal audits by the organization's own staff, and external audits by an independent accounting firm.
Providing training and education to staff and volunteers can help prevent fraud by ensuring that everyone understands the organization's accounting policies and procedures, and the importance of following them.
Having a whistleblower policy in place can encourage staff and volunteers to report any suspected fraud or other wrongdoing. This should include protections for whistleblowers, to ensure that they are not retaliated against for coming forward.
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What is the order in which the following will be paid by a
company: Taxes, supplies expense, rent, corporate bonds, cost of
goods sold, preferred stock, treasury bonds, and common stocks.
The order in which the following will be paid by a company is:
1. Cost of goods sold: This is the direct cost associated with the production of goods sold by the company and is typically the largest expense for a company.
2. Supplies expense: This includes the cost of any supplies needed to run the business, such as office supplies, cleaning supplies, etc.
3. Rent: This is the cost of leasing or renting any property or equipment used by the company.
4. Taxes: This includes any taxes owed by the company, such as income tax, sales tax, etc.
5. Corporate bonds: These are debt securities issued by the company to raise funds. The company is obligated to pay back the principal and interest to bondholders.
6. Preferred stock: This is a type of stock that gives the holder the right to receive dividends before common stockholders.
7. Treasury bonds: These are debt securities issued by the U.S. government. The company is obligated to pay back the principal and interest to bondholders.
8. Common stocks: These are shares of ownership in the company and are typically the last to be paid in the event of a liquidation.
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Question THREE
a) Why is finance described as the most important activity in any organization? Use relevant examples to support your answer (5 marks)
b) Discuss the merit and demerits of debt finance (5 marks)
Finance is described as the most important activity in any organization because it is the process of acquiring and allocating resources to achieve organizational goals.
Without proper financing, an organization cannot function efficiently and effectively. For example, an organization needs finance to pay employees, purchase raw materials, and invest in marketing and advertising to promote its products or services. Without sufficient funds, an organization cannot hire qualified employees, produce quality products, or reach potential customers.
The Answer to Question BDebt finance is a method of raising funds by borrowing money from a lender, such as a bank or investor. The borrower must pay back the loan with interest over a specified period of time.
The merits of debt finance include:
The ability to raise large sums of money quicklyThe ability to maintain ownership and control of the organizationThe ability to deduct interest payments on the loan from taxable incomeThe demerits of debt finance include:
The obligation to make regular interest payments, which can strain an organization's cash flowThe risk of default if the organization cannot repay the loanThe potential for higher borrowing costs if the organization has a poor credit rating.Learn more about financial management https://brainly.com/question/989344
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Give examples of three marketing roles assigned to personnel in an organisation. Briefly explain what marketing tasks and responsibilities are attached to each role.
Marketing plays a crucial role in the success of an organisation, and there are several marketing roles assigned to personnel in an organisation. Here are three examples of marketing roles and their associated tasks and responsibilities:
1. Marketing Manager: The Marketing Manager is responsible for developing and executing the organisation's overall marketing strategy. This includes conducting market research, identifying target markets, setting pricing strategies, developing marketing plans, and overseeing the implementation of marketing campaigns. The Marketing Manager also oversees the work of other marketing personnel and is responsible for ensuring that the organisation's marketing goals are met.
2. Marketing Communications Specialist: The Marketing Communications Specialist is responsible for creating and disseminating marketing materials, such as advertisements, press releases, and social media posts. This role involves working closely with the Marketing Manager to develop the organisation's messaging and branding, and ensuring that all marketing communications are consistent and effective.
3. Market Research Analyst: The Market Research Analyst is responsible for collecting and analysing data on customer preferences, buying habits, and market trends. This information is used to inform the organisation's marketing strategy and help identify new opportunities for growth. The Market Research Analyst is also responsible for monitoring the performance of marketing campaigns and making recommendations for improvements.
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1.10 What is computer integrated manufacturing? 1.11 What are some of the reasons why companies automate their operations? Nine reasons are given in the text. 1.12 Identify three situations in which manual labor is preferred over automation.
1.10 Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) is the process of using computers to control and coordinate all aspects of manufacturing, including design, production, and distribution. It involves the use of computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and computer-aided engineering (CAE) software to automate the entire manufacturing process.
1.11 Companies automate their operations for a variety of reasons, including:
- To increase productivity and efficiency
- To reduce labor costs
- To improve product quality and consistency
- To reduce waste and scrap
- To increase flexibility and customization
- To improve safety and reduce the risk of injury
- To reduce downtime and maintenance costs
- To improve inventory management and control
- To increase competitiveness and profitability
1.12 There are some situations in which manual labor is preferred over automation, including:
- When the task requires creativity, judgment, or critical thinking
- When the task involves complex or unpredictable situations that are difficult to automate
- When the cost of automation is too high or the technology is not available
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You have been investing $250 a month for the last 13 years. Today, your investment account is worth $73,262. What is your average rate of return on your investments?
A. 8.94 percent.
B. 9.78 percent.
C. 9.23 percent.
D. 9.41 percent.
E. 9.36 percent.
The average rate of return on your investments is 9.78 percent. (B)
To find the average rate of return on your investments, you need to use the formula:
Average rate of return = (Ending value of investment - Beginning value of investment) / Beginning value of investment
In this case, the ending value of the investment is $73,262 and the beginning value of the investment is $250 x 12 x 13 = $39,000.
Plugging in the values into the formula, we get:
Average rate of return = ($73,262 - $39,000) / $39,000
Average rate of return = $34,262 / $39,000
Average rate of return = 0.0978
Multiplying by 100 to get the percentage, we get:
Average rate of return = 9.78 percent
Therefore, the correct answer is B. 9.78 percent.
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Q3. What is regression analysis and how does it help in
estimating a cost function? Interpret your results with a numerical
example.
Regression analysis is a statistical method that is used to study the relationship between two or more variables. It helps in estimating a cost function by finding the relationship between the cost and the factors that affect it.
This is done by fitting a regression line to the data points and using it to make predictions about the cost.
For example, let's say we want to estimate the cost of producing a product based on the number of units produced. We can collect data on the cost and the number of units produced for several time periods and plot them on a graph. The regression line would then be fit to the data points, and we can use the equation of the line to estimate the cost for a given number of units produced.
For example, if the regression equation is y = 2x + 10, where y is the cost and x is the number of units produced, we can estimate the cost for producing 5 units by plugging in the value of x into the equation:
y = 2(5) + 10
y = 20
Therefore, the estimated cost for producing 5 units is $20.
Regression analysis is a useful tool for estimating cost functions as it allows us to make predictions based on the relationship between the cost and the factors that affect it. It is important to interpret the results carefully and consider the limitations of the method, such as the assumption of a linear relationship and the potential for outliers to affect the results.
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Question 5 – 7
A pharmacy store sells hand sanitizer, which is supplied by a chemical manufacturer in
a nearby city. The lead time is 16 days. The daily demand for hand sanitizer is normally
distributed. The mean of daily demand is 20 bottles with the variance of 36 bottles2. The
pharmacy store wants to keep its stock-out probability as low as 2.5%.
Due to the unexpected shipping delay and supply shortage, the chemical manufacturer
cannot guarantee delivery on demand. Instead, the chemical manufacturer suggests the
pharmacy store switch to a periodic-inventory system. The manufacturer checks the
pharmacy store’s inventory level every 20 days. In the most recent inventory check, the
manufacturer found that there were only 110 bottles left. Assume the stock-out level is
still 2.5%.
Q5: What is the target inventory level? (Reminder: round UP to the next whole
number)
Q6: How many bottles were ordered? (Keep the whole number)
Q7: Keep everything else the same, if the pharmacy store now sets its safety stock to
be 85 bottles, what will happen to its service level?
Service level goes up
Service level goes down
Service level unchanged
Using the information given, the target inventory level is 332 bottles. The number of bottles ordered were 222. Keep everything else the same, if the pharmacy store now sets its safety stock to be 85 bottles, the service level is go up.
5. The target inventory level can be calculated as follows:
1. Calculate the lead time demand: 20 bottles/day * 16 days = 320 bottles
2. Calculate the safety stock:
Z-score for 2.5% stock-out probability = 1.96,
standard deviation = sqrt(36) = 6 bottles,
so safety stock = 1.96 * 6 = 11.76, rounded up to 12 bottles
3. Calculate the target inventory level: 320 bottles + 12 bottles = 332 bottles
Therefore, the target inventory level is 332 bottles.
6. The number of bottles ordered can be calculated as follows:
1. Calculate the target inventory level: 332 bottles (from answer 5)
2. Subtract the current inventory level: 332 bottles - 110 bottles = 222 bottles
Therefore, 222 bottles were ordered.
7. If the pharmacy store sets its safety stock to be 85 bottles, its service level will go up. This is because a higher safety stock means that there is a lower probability of stock-out, and therefore a higher service level.
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A borrower takes out a 30-year adjustable rate mortgage loan for $391,000 with monthly payments. The first two years of the loan have a "teaser" rate of 4%, after that, the rate can reset with a 5% annual payment cap. On the reset date (end of year 2), the composite rate is 6%. What is the payment amount during the third year?
The payment amount during the third year of the borrower's 30-year adjustable-rate mortgage loan is $2,932.50 per month.
The payment amount during the third year of the borrower's 30-year adjustable-rate mortgage loan can be calculated using the following steps:
Step 1: Calculate the monthly payment for the first two years of the loan using the "teaser" rate of 4%.
Monthly payment = (Loan amount x Interest rate) / 12
= ($391,000 x 0.04) / 12
= $1,307
Step 2: Calculate the new interest rate for the third year of the loan using the 5% annual payment cap.
New interest rate = Initial interest rate + Annual payment cap
= 4% + 5%
= 9%
Step 3: Calculate the monthly payment for the third year of the loan using the new interest rate of 9%.
Monthly payment = (Loan amount x Interest rate) / 12
= ($391,000 x 0.09) / 12
= $2,932.50
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what can you to do change the climate (supportive or defensive) of an existing relationship ?
There are several things that can be done to change the climate of an existing relationship, whether it is to make it more supportive or defensive.
1. Communicate openly and honestly: One of the most important things in any relationship is communication. If there are issues or concerns that need to be addressed, it is important to be open and honest about them in order to create a more supportive and healthy relationship.
2. Set boundaries: It is important to set boundaries in a relationship to ensure that both people are comfortable and feel respected. This can help to create a more supportive and defensive climate in the relationship.
3. Practice empathy: Putting yourself in the other person's shoes and trying to understand their perspective can help to create a more supportive and understanding climate in the relationship.
4. Be supportive and encouraging: Offering support and encouragement can help to create a more positive and supportive climate in the relationship.
5. Address any issues or conflicts head on: It is important to address any issues or conflicts in the relationship as soon as they arise in order to prevent them from escalating and creating a defensive climate.
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Lancers Retail Stores is considering the opening of a new store in Des Moines. An analyst for the company has created the following simple model:
Initial Investment at t=0, $1.2M
Life of store, 10 years
Revenues, $1.3M
Variable cost rate, 60%
Fixed costs, (inc., $50K of depreciation) of $300K per year
Expected tax rate 18.0% There are no net working capital implications
The appropriate risk adjusted discount rate is 10.0%
The above values are base case values. The analyst has also said the three assumptions above that are the most uncertain are Revenues, Variable Cost Rate, and the Tax Rate – the rest of the assumptions are easy to estimate in comparison and the analyst has greater certainty as to those values. For these three assumptions the analysts has created the following additional analysis:
Based on the information provided, analysts used sensitivity analysis to determine the potential changes in the three most uncertain assumptions (revenue, variable cost rate, and tax rate) to the net present value (NPV) of the new Des Moines business. impact can be determined. A sensitivity analysis helps the analyst identify the key drivers of her NPV and assess the risks associated with the project.
To perform a sensitivity analysis, the analyst can create a table of base case values for the three most uncertain assumptions and vary each assumption individually while keeping her other two assumptions constant. The analyst can then calculate her NPV for each scenario and compare it to her NPV for the base case to determine the sensitivity of the NPV to changes in each assumption.
An analyst can change her earnings assumption from $1 million to $1.6 million while keeping the variable cost rate and tax rate constant at the base case values. Analysts can then calculate the NPV for each scenario and compare it to the NPV of the base case to determine the sensitivity of the NPV to changes in earnings.
The analyst could also change the variable cost rate assumption from 50% to 70% while keeping the revenue and tax rate constant at the base case values. The analyst can then calculate her NPV for each scenario and compare it to her NPV for the base case to determine the sensitivity of her NPV to changes in the variable cost ratio.
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Sport Direct Limited placed an order for 500 TR56 machines at a cost of $150 000 (after discount) from Walles Limited, a supplier in the UK. The TR56 machines are top of the range ball feeder machines and are exclusive to Walles Limited. The order was placed on the 15th of March 2020 as Sport Direct is hoping it will arrive in time for the cricket league season. The order was accepted by Walles Limited on the 18th of March 2020. The order was completed and packed for loading on the 27th of June 2020. On the 1st of July 2020, the stock was delivered to the harbour and loaded onto the ship. Due to industrial strike action by staff at the Port, the ship had to delay its leaving of the Port. The ship eventually left the harbour on the 6th of July 2020 and arrived in Durban on the 1 August 2020. The inventory was off loaded and released from Customs on the same day. On the 3rd of August 2020, the inventory was delivered to Sport Direct’s warehouse. The company sold 80% of the goods ordered to a local sports organization by the 31st of December 2020 with a markup on Page 5 of 5 20% on cost. Payment for the order was made on the 15th of January 2021. Sport Direct Limited’s financial year end is 31st of December. Required: 1. State the transaction, translation, and settlement dates assuming the machines were shipped FOB with supporting reasons where possible for your answer. (3) 2. Show all the journal entries in the books of Sport Direct Limited for the year ended 31 December 2020 and journals for the ended 31 December 2021. Assumed the goods were shipped using the CIF method. Please include narrations and dates and workings – marks will be awarded!
The transaction date is the date when the order was placed, which is 15th of March 2020 and Cr. Accounts Receivable $144,000.
1. The transaction date is the date when the order was placed, which is 15th of March 2020. The translation date is the date when the order was accepted by Walles Limited, which is 18th of March 2020. The settlement date is the date when payment for the order was made, which is 15th of January 2021.
2. Journal entries in the books of Sport Direct Limited for the year ended 31 December 2020:
15th of March 2020
Dr. Inventory $150,000
Cr. Accounts Payable $150,000
(To record the purchase of 500 TR56 machines from Walles Limited)
1st of August 2020
Dr. Accounts Payable $150,000
Cr. Cash $150,000
(To record the payment for the purchase of 500 TR56 machines from Walles Limited)
31st of December 2020
Dr. Cost of Goods Sold $120,000
Cr. Inventory $120,000
(To record the cost of goods sold for 80% of the goods ordered)
31st of December 2020
Dr. Accounts Receivable $144,000
Cr. Sales Revenue $144,000
(To record the sale of 80% of the goods ordered to a local sports organization with a markup of 20% on cost)
Journal entries in the books of Sport Direct Limited for the year ended 31 December 2021:
15th of January 2021
Dr. Cash $144,000
Cr. Accounts Receivable $144,000
(To record the receipt of payment from the local sports organization for the sale of 80% of the goods ordered)
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Select a business model that you are interested
in:
- Why interested?
- Categorize the products under your business model
- How can you make your product selling successful?
One business model that I find interesting is the subscription-based model. This model involves customers paying a recurring fee, typically on a monthly or yearly basis, for access to a product or service.
The products under this business model can be categorized into physical products, such as monthly subscription boxes for beauty products or food, and digital products, such as online streaming services or software subscriptions. To make product selling successful in a subscription-based model, it is important to consistently provide value to the customer and offer a unique selling proposition.
This can be achieved through offering exclusive products or services, providing excellent customer service, and regularly updating and improving the product or service.
Additionally, offering flexible subscription options, such as the ability to cancel or pause subscriptions, can help retain customers and build trust.
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4. Practice similar a new account to A company establishes pay off a debt of $150000 due in 8 years. The account will earn an annual interest rate of 11% compounded weekly. Find the amount of the week
the company needs to make a weekly payment of $11,769.26 to pay off the debt in 8 years.
To find the amount of the weekly payment that the company needs to make to pay off the debt in 8 years, we need to use the formula for the future value of an annuity: FV = PMT * (((1 + r) ^ n - 1) / r), where FV is the future value, PMT is the payment amount, r is the interest rate per period, and n is the number of periods. In this case, we have:
FV = $150,000
r = 11% / 52 = 0.002115
n = 8 * 52 = 416
Plugging in these values and solving for PMT, we get:
$150,000 = PMT * (((1 + 0.002115) ^ 416 - 1) / 0.002115)
$150,000 = PMT * 12.7518
PMT = $150,000 / 12.7518
PMT = $11,769.26
Therefore, the company needs to make a weekly payment of $11,769.26 to pay off the debt in 8 years.
Answer: $11,769.26
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Break down the different components that make up tangible and
intangible products
The main difference between tangible and intangible products is that tangible products are physical items, while intangible products are services or ideas.
Tangible products are items such as cars, furniture, and clothing. Intangible products include services such as healthcare, education, and consulting services.
Tangible products:
- Physical components such as parts and materials
- Packaging
- Branding and marketing
Intangible products:
- Service components such as customer service, repairs, and support
- Branding and marketing
- Intellectual property such as trademarks, copyrights, and patents
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The nominal annual risk-free rate is
2.2% in the U.S. and 3.5% in Brazil.
What should be the one-year forward
premium or discount according to interest rate parity?
The one-year forward premium or discount should be 1.3%.
According to interest rate parity, the one-year forward premium or discount should be the difference between the nominal annual risk-free rates in the U.S. and Brazil.
In this case, the difference is 3.5% - 2.2% = 1.3%.
Therefore, the one-year forward premium or discount should be 1.3%.
This means that if an investor were to enter into a one-year forward contract to exchange U.S. dollars for Brazilian reais, they would expect to receive a 1.3% premium (or discount, depending on the direction of the exchange) on the exchange rate.
This is because the higher interest rate in Brazil should result in a higher expected return for investors, and therefore a higher forward exchange rate for the Brazilian reai relative to the U.S. dollar.
In other words, the one-year forward premium or discount is the difference between the expected future exchange rate and the current spot exchange rate, and is determined by the difference in interest rates between the two countries.
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Question 36 (1 point) Generally, in a negotiation, what percentage of all concessions in the negotiation, are made in the closing phase of the talks?
A. 80%
B. 20%
C. 60%
D. 40%
Generally, in a negotiation, 80% of all concessions in the negotiation, are made in the closing phase of the talks. The correct answer is A. 80%.
The latter stages of negotiations are typically when 80% of all compromises are made. This is because both parties are trying to reach an agreement and are more willing to make concessions in order to come to a resolution.
It is important to be aware of this fact and to be prepared to make concessions during the closing phase of the negotiation in order to reach a successful outcome. Therefore in a negotiation, 80% of all concessions in the negotiation, are made in the closing phase of the talks.
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The Manufacturing Overhead (MOH) is applied at the rate of TK. 4.5 per direct labour hour. During the period direct labour hours are 40,000 and the actual Manufacturing Overhead (MOH) is TK. 195,000/-
a) State whether the Manufacturing Overhead (MOH) is over applied or under applied and compute the amount of under or over applied Manufacturing Overhead (MOH). Marks: 2
b) If the cost of goods manufactured is TK. 750,000/- that includes applied MOH, compute the cost of goods manufactured which is adjusted for under/over applied MOH.
a) To determine whether the Manufacturing Overhead (MOH) is over applied or under applied, we need to compare the applied MOH and the actual MOH. The applied MOH is calculated by multiplying the direct labour hours by the MOH rate, which is TK. 4.5 per hour.
Applied MOH = Direct labour hours × MOH rate
= 40,000 hours × TK. 4.5/hour
= TK. 180,000
The actual MOH is given as TK. 195,000. Since the actual MOH is greater than the applied MOH, the MOH is under applied. The amount of under applied MOH is calculated by subtracting the applied MOH from the actual MOH.
Under applied MOH = Actual MOH - Applied MOH
= TK. 195,000 - TK. 180,000
= TK. 15,000
b) To compute the cost of goods manufactured which is adjusted for under/over applied MOH, we need to add the under applied MOH to the cost of goods manufactured that includes applied MOH.
Adjusted cost of goods manufactured = Cost of goods manufactured + Under applied MOH
= TK. 750,000 + TK. 15,000
= TK. 765,000
Therefore, the adjusted cost of goods manufactured is TK. 765,000.
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Analyze the supply chain management and vertical integration decisions facing international production managers.
In analyzing supply chain management and vertical integration decisions, international production managers must consider factors such as cost, efficiency, quality control, and the ability to meet customer demand. They must also consider the potential risks and benefits of each decision, and how they align with the company's overall strategy. By carefully analyzing these factors, international production managers can make informed decisions.
Supply chain management involves overseeing the flow of goods and services from the supplier to the end customer. This includes planning, sourcing, production, and logistics. International production managers must make decisions regarding supply chain management in order to ensure that goods are produced efficiently and delivered to customers in a timely manner.
Vertical integration refers to the process of a company taking control of multiple stages of the supply chain. This can include owning the supplier, production facilities, and distribution channels. International production managers must decide whether or not to pursue vertical integration in order to control costs and ensure quality control.
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Give a recent example that shows how news about future
fundamentals can affect the current level of an exchange rate,
providing supporting empirical evidence and discussion
One recent example of how news about future fundamentals can affect the current level of an exchange rate is the announcement of Brexit in 2016. This event had a significant impact on the value of the British pound against other currencies.
After the Brexit announcement, the pound immediately dropped to its lowest level against the US dollar in over 30 years. This drop was caused by the uncertainty surrounding the future of the UK economy and its relationship with the EU. Investors were unsure about the future of trade and investment between the UK and the EU, leading to a decrease in demand for the pound and a corresponding drop in its value.
Empirical evidence supports this impact on the exchange rate. A study by Forbes (2016) found that the pound dropped by 10% against the US dollar and 7% against the euro within 24 hours of the Brexit announcement. Another study by the Bank of England (2017) found that the pound dropped by 15% against a basket of currencies in the months following the announcement.
This example illustrates how news about future fundamentals can have a significant impact on the current level of an exchange rate. It also highlights the importance of considering the potential impact of future events on the value of a currency when making investment decisions.
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Work out the net present value of the following investments. The risk-free rate is 3%, and the average return on the market index is 7%
You invest £1,000 in cash in a 0.8-beta project. The project uses a machine you already own, costing £500 last year. You can sell the machine this year for £300. The cash flow from the project is £400 annually in years one through four. The machine is worthless in year four
The net present value of this project is calculated by discounting the expected cash flows with the appropriate discount rate. The discount rate used is the sum of the risk-free rate (3%) and the beta of the project multiplied by the average return on the market index (7%).
The beta of this project is 0.8, thus the appropriate discount rate is 3% + (0.8 x 7%) = 6.6%. The present value of the cash flows in years one through four is £1,179. The present value of the machine is £233. Thus, the net present value of the project is £1,179 - £233 = £946.
Overall, the net present value of this project is positive, meaning it is profitable for the investor. This is because the expected cash flows in years one through four discounted at the appropriate rate are greater than the present value of the machine. The investor stands to make a profit of £946 from this project.
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Prepare a production budget of finished goods by month and in total for the three-month period of January to March from the following information: Sales in Units January 800,000 February 1000,000 March 1200,000 April 1600,000 The end-of-month inventories of finished goods must equal 25% of the next month's sales.
A production budget is a detailed outline of a company's planned production for a given period of time. It is used to determine the quantity of products that must be produced to meet the company's sales goals, and to ensure that the company has enough inventory on hand to meet demand. In this case, we will prepare a production budget of finished goods for the three-month period of January to March using the provided information.
The first step is to calculate the desired ending inventory for each month. The desired ending inventory is equal to 25% of the next month's sales, as stated in the question. Therefore:
- Desired ending inventory for January = 25% of February sales = 25% of 1000,000 = 250,000 units
- Desired ending inventory for February = 25% of March sales = 25% of 1200,000 = 300,000 units
- Desired ending inventory for March = 25% of April sales = 25% of 1600,000 = 400,000 units
Next, we will calculate the total production needed for each month by adding the desired ending inventory to the sales for that month, and subtracting the beginning inventory. The beginning inventory for each month is equal to the desired ending inventory for the previous month. Therefore:
To calculate the production budget for finished goods by month and in total for the three-month period of January to March, use the following formula: Production = Sales + Desired End-of-Month Inventory - Beginning-of-Month Inventory.
January: 800,000 + (25% of 1,000,000) - 0 = 1,000,000
February: 1,000,000 + (25% of 1,200,000) - (25% of 800,000) = 1,150,000
March: 1,200,000 + (25% of 1,600,000) - (25% of 1,000,000) = 1,400,000
Total Production Budget: 3,550,000
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The directors of Solar Panels Southern Hemisphere Pty Ltd (SPSH), a manufacturer of solar products agreed to sell the business to a competitor, Climate Change Solutions International Ltd (CCSI). The financial statements of Solar Panels Southern Hemisphere Pty Ltd at 1 July 2020 contained the following information:
Assets Current assets
Cash 18,750
Accounts receivable 38,000
Inventories 250,000
Total current assets 306,750
Non-current assets Vehicles 112,000
Accumulated depreciation 18,000
Machinery 1,500,000
Accumulated depreciation 850,000
Buildings 2,100,000
Accumulated depreciation 210,000
Land 750,000
Product Development costs 256,000
Total non-current assets 3,640,000
Total assets 3,946,750
Liabilities
Accounts payable 178,000
Other payables 55,000
Provisions 250,000
Loans 2,200,000
Total liabilities 2,683,000
Equity
Share capital - 50,000 shares 102,000
Retained earnings 1,161,750
Total equity 1,263,750
An agreement was made whereby CCSI takes over SPSH to acquire all the assets and liabilities of SPSH, except for the cash, motor vehicles and accounts payable. In exchange, CCSI will give the shareholders of SPSH a block of land valued at $400,000, a motor vehicle valued at $45,400 and current shareholders will receive shares in CCSI worth $50 per share. The land is carried at a cost of $250,000 while the motor vehicle is carried at $39,000, comprising the cost of $54,000 and accumulated depreciation of $15,000. CCSI will also provide sufficient additional cash to enable SPSH to pay off the accounts payable and the liquidation expenses of $10,000.
CCSI recognised the brand ‘Solar Panels Southern Hemisphere’ that was not recognised in the records of SPSH as it was an internally developed brand. It was calculated that this brand had a fair value of $500,000. CCSI also incurred legal and valuation costs of $7,500 in undertaking the business combination.
The assets and liabilities of SPSH are recorded at amounts equal to fair value except for the following:
Fair Value
Land 1,200,000
Buildings 2,500,000
Machinery 900,000
Inventories 290,000
Required:
Prepare the acquisition analysis in relation to the acquisition to determine the gain on bargain purchase or goodwill. (6 marks)
Prepare the journal entries in the records of CCSI to record its acquisition of SPSH on 30 June 2021. (9 marks)
The acquisition analysis in relation to the acquisition to determine the gain on bargain purchase or goodwill and journal entries in the records of CCSI to record its acquisition of SPSH on 30 June 2021 is provided below.
Based on the provided information, acquisition analysis is provided as:
Fair value of net assets acquired:
Current assets (excluding cash) = $38,000 + $250,000 = $288,000
Non-current assets (excluding vehicles) = $1,500,000 + $2,100,000 + $750,000 + $256,000 = $4,606,000
Adjustments for fair value:
Land = $1,200,000 - $750,000 = $450,000
Buildings = $2,500,000 - $2,100,000 = $400,000
Machinery = $900,000 - $1,500,000 = -$600,000
Inventories = $290,000 - $250,000 = $40,000
Total adjustments = $450,000 + $400,000 - $600,000 + $40,000 = $290,000
Total fair value of net assets acquired = $288,000 + $4,606,000 + $290,000 = $5,184,000
Consideration transferred:
Land = $400,000
Motor vehicle = $45,400
Shares = $50 * 50,000 = $2,500,000
Total consideration transferred = $400,000 + $45,400 + $2,500,000 = $2,945,400
Gain on bargain purchase = $5,184,000 - $2,945,400 = $2,238,600
Based on the provided information, journal entries are:
1. To record the acquisition of assets and liabilities:
Dr. Accounts receivable $38,000
Dr. Inventories $290,000
Dr. Machinery $900,000
Dr. Buildings $2,500,000
Dr. Land $1,200,000
Dr. Product development costs $256,000
Dr. Brand $500,000
Cr. Other payables $55,000
Cr. Provisions $250,000
Cr. Loans $2,200,000
Cr. Gain on bargain purchase $2,238,600
2. To record the consideration transferred:
Dr. Land $400,000
Dr. Motor vehicle $45,400
Dr. Share capital $2,500,000
Cr. Cash $2,945,400
3. To record the payment of accounts payable and liquidation expenses:
Dr. Accounts payable $178,000
Dr. Liquidation expenses $10,000
Cr. Cash $188,000
4. To record the legal and valuation costs:
Dr. Legal and valuation costs $7,500
Cr. Cash $7,500
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"US
Accounting is the best in the world". Discuss whether or not you
agree with this quote, use valid references to support your answer
(no more than 200 words)
The United States has long been known as one of the premier countries in the world for accounting and finance. Its legal and regulatory framework, large population of accountants and business professionals, and efficient markets have made it a global leader in the field.
However, it is impossible to say definitively that the US is the best in the world when it comes to accounting. Other countries such as the UK, Canada, Australia, and Singapore have all had success in accounting and finance, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages.
When considering whether the US is the best in the world for accounting, it is important to look at the quality of accounting education, professional certifications, and overall level of expertise in the country. The US has world-class accounting and finance programs in its universities, such as the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, and is home to the prestigious CPA and CFA designations. Additionally, the US has a wealth of accounting firms, from the Big Four to mid-sized and regional firms, which offer a wide range of accounting services.
Ultimately, the US is a great place for accounting, but it is impossible to definitively say that it is the best in the world. Each country has its own unique advantages and disadvantages, and it is important to consider them all before making a decision.
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5.3 compared consolidated balance sheets assets notes 31.12.2020 31.12.2019 31.12.2018
non-current assets 29.046.8 29.893.3 25.991.2
goodwil 7,1 10,514,2 9,585,6 9,597,1
other intagible assets 7,2 3,356,3 3,163,8 3,087,3
right of use assets 3,2 1,525,3 1,892,3 property, plant and equipment 3,2 3,225,2 3,644,3 3,624,6
non-current financial assets 9,3 9,604,8 10,819,1 9,100,5
investnents in associates 8 11,1 10,9 9,0
deferred tax associates 6,3 809,9 777,3 572,7
current assets 14,560,1 13,916,5 12,466,3
inventaries 3,3 2,675,8 2,920,8 2,821,9
trade accounts receivable 3,3 3,511,3 4,086,7 3,983,2
other current assets 3,3 1,72,7 1,474,9 1,509,1
current tax assets 234,4 148,1 160,1
cash and cash equivalents 9,2 6,405,9 5,286,0 3,992,0
total 43,606,9 43,809,8 38,457,5
The consolidated balance sheet provides a snapshot of the company's assets over a three-year period and can be used to analyze the company's financial health and performance.
The consolidated balance sheet presented in the question shows the assets of a company over a three-year period, from 2018 to 2020. The assets are categorized into non-current assets and current assets.
Non-current assets include goodwill, other intangible assets, right of use assets, property, plant and equipment, non-current financial assets, investments in associates, and deferred tax associates. Current assets include inventories, trade accounts receivable, other current assets, current tax assets, and cash and cash equivalents.
The consolidated balance sheet shows that the company's total assets have increased from 38,457.5 in 2018 to 43,606.9 in 2020. This indicates that the company has been able to acquire more assets over this period. However, there has been a slight decrease in total assets from 2019 to 2020, from 43,809.8 to 43,606.9. This could be due to a decrease in certain asset categories, such as goodwill, other intangible assets, and property, plant and equipment.
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As new analyst of an investment bank, you are asked to calculate the required rate of returns or CAPM (capital asset pricing model) of the following US companies. The T-Bill (US Government short-term bond) has a 1,5% rate and the risk premium is 9%. beta Company A 1.3 CAPM = Company B 0.9 CAPM = Company C 1 CAPM = Company D 1.7 CAPM = Considering that the investor is risk-averse, which share between A, B, C and D would you recommend him top buy ?
The investor should buy shares in Company B, as it has the lowest CAPM of 9.6%. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is used to calculate the required rate of return for an investment. It takes into account the risk-free rate, the market risk premium, and the stock's beta. The formula for CAPM is:
CAPM = Risk-free rate + (Market risk premium * Beta)
In this case, the risk-free rate is the T-Bill rate of 1.5%, and the market risk premium is 9%. We can use these values and the given beta for each company to calculate the CAPM for each company.
Company A: CAPM = 1.5% + (9% * 1.3) = 13.2%
Company B: CAPM = 1.5% + (9% * 0.9) = 9.6%
Company C: CAPM = 1.5% + (9% * 1) = 10.5%
Company D: CAPM = 1.5% + (9% * 1.7) = 16.8%
Since the investor is risk-averse, they would prefer to invest in the company with the lowest CAPM, as it indicates the lowest level of risk. Therefore, I would recommend the investor to buy shares in Company B, as it has the lowest CAPM of 9.6%.
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Explain the statement social economic responsibility
Answer:
Social economic responsibility is the idea that businesses and organizations have an obligation to not only generate profits and create economic value, but also to act in a way that positively impacts society and the environment. This includes considering the social and environmental impacts of their actions, and taking steps to mitigate negative effects and promote positive ones.
Social economic responsibility is based on the understanding that businesses and organizations do not exist in isolation from the rest of society, but rather are an integral part of it. As such, they have a responsibility to contribute to the well-being of society as a whole, beyond just their own financial success.
Examples of social economic responsibility include adopting sustainable business practices, investing in local communities, supporting employee well-being and development, and engaging in philanthropic activities. By prioritizing social and environmental responsibility, businesses can not only contribute to the betterment of society, but also improve their own long-term sustainability and success.
Explanation:
In finding your target market, factors such as age, gender, education, and marital status would be part of your ____________ considerations.
behavioral
demographic
geographic
psychographic
Answer:behavioral
Explanation:
Answer:
Demographic
Explanation:
the answer is Demographic
You are 30 years old and plan to retire at age 70, which is 40 years from now. You would like to have $1.0 Mn at the end of 40 years (which is when you retire). What should your monthly payment be, if you believe you can earn 9% compounded monthly?
A. $158.13
B.$213.61
C. $135.05
D. $85.00
E. $46.61
F. $61.35
Please show how you got the answer
The monthly payment if earn rate compounded monthly is 9% to have $1.0 Mn, 40 years from now is A. $158.13.
To find the monthly payment needed to reach a goal of $1.0 Mn in 40 years with a 9% rate compounded monthly, we can use the formula for the future value of an annuity:
FV = PMT × [(1 + i)^n - 1] / i
Where FV is the future value, PMT is the monthly payment, i is the interest rate per period (in this case, per month), and n is the number of periods (in this case, the number of months).
We can rearrange this formula to solve for PMT:
PMT = FV × i / [(1 + i)^n - 1]
Plugging in the given values:
PMT = $1,000,000 × (0.09/12) / [(1 + 0.09/12)^(40 × 12) - 1]
PMT = $158.13
Therefore, the monthly payment needed to reach a goal of $1.0 Mn in 40 years with a 9% rate compounded monthly is $158.13.
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1)Find the forecast for 2012 using the time series trend method.PeriodDemand20072002008150200912520101002011502) Find the forecast for all possible periods N=3, using the data and the moving average method.
The forecast for 2012 using the time series trend method is 115.2) The forecast for all possible periods N=3 using the moving average method are: Period 4: (200 + 150 + 125) / 3 = 158.33Period 5: (150 + 125 + 100) / 3 = 125Period 6: (125 + 100 + 150) / 3 = 125.
The time series trend method is a forecasting method that uses past data to identify trends and make predictions about future values. To find the forecast for 2012 using this method, we first need to find the slope of the trend line. This can be done using the formula: slope = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1) = (150 - 200) / (2011 - 2007) = -12.5. Next, we can use the slope and one of the data points to find the equation of the trend line: y = -12.5x + b. Plugging in the data point (2007, 200) gives us: 200 = -12.5(2007) + b. Solving for b gives us: b = 25137.5. Therefore, the equation of the trend line is: y = -12.5x + 25137.5. Finally, we can plug in the value of x for 2012 to find the forecast: y = -12.5(2012) + 25137.5 = 115.2) The moving average method is a forecasting method that uses the average of the most recent N data points to make predictions about future values. To find the forecast for all possible periods N=3 using this method, we simply take the average of the three most recent data points for each period. For example, the forecast for period 4 is the average of the data points for periods 1, 2, and 3: (200 + 150 + 125) / 3 = 158.33. Similarly, the forecast for period 5 is the average of the data points for periods 2, 3, and 4: (150 + 125 + 100) / 3 = 125. And the forecast for period 6 is the average of the data points for periods 3, 4, and 5: (125 + 100 + 150) / 3 = 125.Learn more about time series trend method here:https://brainly.com/question/30738629
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Write about corporate governance taking in consideration the following:1- Definition, types, effect ... etc.2- Global practice taking example Us or EU. (200 words)3- The situation of corporate governance in UAE (local & Federal level). (300 words)
Corporate governance is the system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled. It involves balancing the interests of a company's many stakeholders, such as shareholders, management, customers, suppliers, financiers, government, and the community. Corporate governance provides a framework for achieving a company's objectives and includes the relationships among the many stakeholders involved and the goals for which the corporation is governed.
There are several types of corporate governance, including shareholder governance, stakeholder governance, and managerial governance. Shareholder governance focuses on maximizing shareholder value, while stakeholder governance takes into account the interests of all stakeholders. Managerial governance involves the oversight of management by the board of directors.
Corporate governance has a significant effect on the performance and success of a company. Good corporate governance can lead to better decision-making, improved accountability, and increased transparency. On the other hand, poor corporate governance can result in mismanagement, corruption, and financial instability.
In the United States, corporate governance is regulated by federal laws such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. In the European Union, corporate governance is governed by the EU Corporate Governance Framework, which includes regulations and directives on issues such as board composition, shareholder rights, and transparency.
In the United Arab Emirates, corporate governance is regulated at both the local and federal level. The UAE Corporate Governance Code, issued by the Securities and Commodities Authority, sets out guidelines for listed companies on issues such as board composition, shareholder rights, and transparency. At the local level, each emirate has its own regulations governing corporate governance. For example, the Dubai Financial Services Authority has its own corporate governance code for companies listed on the Dubai Financial Market.
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