a.) The rule states that the protection level should be the maximum demand for the high fare class minus one.
b.) The airline can expect to turn away 8 high fare passengers due to lack of capacity.
c.) The airline can expect 12 seats to be empty at departure
d.) The total expected revenue for low and high fare passengers
e.) Additional factors such as seasonality, weather and additional variables.
a. Mr. Wright is in charge of the flight booking operations and decides to set a protection level for the high fare. What is the optimal protection level for the high fare? (2 points)
The optimal protection level for the high fare can be determined by using Littlewood's rule. This rule states that the protection level should be the maximum demand for the high fare class minus one. In this case, the maximum demand for the high fare is 16, therefore the optimal protection level for the high fare is 15.
b. Suppose a protection level of 8 is chosen. How many high fare passengers does the airline expect to turn away due to a lack of capacity? (2 points)
Given a protection level of 8, the airline can expect to turn away 8 high fare passengers due to lack of capacity.
c. Suppose a protection level of 8 is chosen. How many seats are expectedly empty at departure? (2 points)
Given a protection level of 8, the airline can expect 12 seats to be empty at departure (20 total seats - 8 protection level = 12 empty seats).
d. Assuming a protection level of 8, what is the total expected revenue for low and high fare passengers? Write down your analytical calculation. (2 points)
Assuming a protection level of 8, the total expected revenue for low and high fare passengers can be calculated using the following formula:
Expected Revenue = (Low Fare Demand * Low Fare Price) + (High Fare Demand * High Fare Price)
Therefore, the total expected revenue is:
(16 * $300) + (8 * $800) = $7,200
e. Suggest two reasonable extensions to the optimization model that is underlying Littlewood's rule and motivate your suggestion. What challenges do you expect with these extensions? (2 points)
Two reasonable extensions to the optimization model underlying Littlewood's rule are:
1. Taking into account additional factors such as seasonality, weather, or availability of competitors' flights. This would provide more comprehensive insights into the demand for high fare class and would enable the airline to make better decisions about the protection level.
2. Introducing additional variables such as the cost of each additional seat sold beyond the protection level, or the expected lost revenue for each additional seat turned away due to the lack of capacity. This would allow the airline to make more informed decisions when setting the protection level.
The main challenge with these extensions would be obtaining accurate data on all the additional factors, as well as ensuring the accuracy of the calculations.
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write a 500 word critique of a selected text based on its claim,
context and properties as a written material using your own
words
Answer:
in image
Explanation:
hope it helped u,if yes then please mark me a brainliest :-)
Writing a critique of a selected text requires analyzing the text's claim, context, and properties as a written material.
The text's claim should be the basis of the critique. Analyze how the text argues its point, including how it presents its evidence. Consider the logical strength of the argument, any gaps in logic or evidence, and how well the claim is supported. It is also important to consider the biases or assumptions underlying the claim and to explore any counterarguments.
The context of the text is also important. Look at the historical and cultural background of the text, as well as the target audience and the author's intent. Additionally, consider the implications of the text and its impact on readers. This will help provide a deeper understanding of the text.
Lastly, analyze the text's properties as a written material. This includes the text's structure, tone, and style. Explore the text's use of figurative language and its effectiveness. Also, consider how the text is organized and how well it communicates its message.
By considering these aspects of the text, this 500-word critique will provide an in-depth analysis of its claim, context, and properties as a written material.
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In a regression of the single-index model, the R-square is 68%,
residual variance is 0.08, beta estimate is 0.7. What is the
variance of the market excess return? (round 4 decimal places)
Variance of market excess return = 1.8503 .
In a regression of the single-index model, we can use the formula for R-square to find the variance of the market excess return.
The formula for R-square is:
R-square = (beta^2 * variance of market excess return) / (beta^2 * variance of market excess return + residual variance)
Given that R-square = 68%, beta = 0.7, and residual variance = 0.08, we can plug in these values and solve for the variance of market excess return:
0.68 = (0.7^2 * variance of market excess return) / (0.7^2 * variance of market excess return + 0.08)
0.68 * (0.7^2 * variance of market excess return + 0.08) = 0.7^2 * variance of market excess return
0.68 * 0.7^2 * variance of market excess return + 0.68 * 0.08 = 0.7^2 * variance of market excess return
0.68 * 0.08 = 0.7^2 * variance of market excess return - 0.68 * 0.7^2 * variance of market excess return
0.0544 = 0.0294 * variance of market excess return
Variance of market excess return = 0.0544 / 0.0294
Variance of market excess return = 1.8503
Therefore, the variance of the market excess return is 1.8503 (rounded to 4 decimal places).
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How can a manager ensure that job evaluation or skill-/competency-based plans support a customer-centered strategy?
A manager can ensure that job evaluation or skill-/competency-based plans support a customer-centered strategy by taking some steps like Identify the key skills,Provide training, evaluate employees,Provide rewards.
Identify the key skills and competencies that are required for customer-centric roles.Develop a job evaluation plan that assesses employees based on these key skills and competencies.Provide training and development opportunities for employees to enhance their skills and competencies in customer-centric areas.Monitor and evaluate employees' performance in customer-centric roles to ensure they are meeting the required standards.Provide rewards and recognition for employees who excel in customer-centric roles.By taking these steps, a manager can ensure that their employees are equipped with the necessary skills and competencies to effectively support a customer-centered strategy.For such more questions on job evaluation :
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If the discount rate is 8 percent compounded quarterly, what is
the effective monthly rate?
Group of answer choices
0.05%
0.66%
1.04%
8.24%
The effective monthly rate would be 0.66% when the discount rate is 8%.
To find the effective monthly rate, we first need to convert the discount rate from a quarterly rate to a monthly rate. We can do this by dividing the discount rate by 4, since there are 4 quarters in a year:
8% / 4 = 2%
Now, we can use the formula for the effective monthly rate:
Effective monthly rate = (1 + discount rate / 12) ^ 12 - 1
Plugging in our values:
Effective monthly rate = (1 + 2% / 12) ^ 12 - 1
Effective monthly rate = (1 + 0.0016666666666666668) ^ 12 - 1
Effective monthly rate = 1.020113842 ^ 12 - 1
Effective monthly rate = 1.006618278
Effective monthly rate = 0.006618278
Effective monthly rate = 0.66%
Therefore, the correct answer would be 0.66%.
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Cheeseburger and Taco Company purchases 8,427 boxes of cheese each year. It costs $15 to place and ship each order and $6.65 per year for each box held as inventory. The company is using Economic Order Quantity model in placing the orders.
Calculate Economic Order Quantity.
Round the answer to the whole number.
The nearest whole number, the Economic Order Quantity for Cheeseburger and Taco Company is 195 boxes.
The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model is used to determine the optimal order quantity that minimizes total inventory costs. The formula for EOQ is:
EOQ = √((2 × D × S) / H)
Where:
D = Annual demand in units
S = Ordering cost per order
H = Holding cost per unit per year
In this case, D = 8,427 boxes, S = $15, and H = $6.65. Plugging these values into the formula gives:
EOQ = √((2 × 8,427 × 15) / 6.65)
EOQ = √(252,810 / 6.65)
EOQ = √(38,009.77)
EOQ = 194.96
Rounding to the nearest whole number, the Economic Order Quantity for Cheeseburger and Taco Company is 195 boxes.
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Free-trade zones and free trade agreements are basically the same things?
True
False
It is a false statement that free-trade zones and free trade agreements are basically the same things.
What is difference in Free-trade zones and free trade agreements?Free-trade zones and free trade agreements are both initiatives that promote international trade and economic growth by reducing barriers to trade between countries. However, they differ in their approach and scope.
Free-trade zones are designated geographic areas where goods can be imported, manufactured, and exported without being subject to the tariffs and other trade barriers that apply outside the zone. This allows businesses to take advantage of lower costs and greater efficiency by setting up operations in the zone. Examples of free-trade zones include Dubai's Jebel Ali Free Zone and China's Shenzhen Special Economic Zone.
Free trade agreements are agreements between two or more countries that establish mutually beneficial terms for trade between them. They eliminate or reduce tariffs and other trade barriers on goods and services traded between the countries, and may also address other issues such as intellectual property rights
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A student has three options for summer work. He can mow lawns for $500 per week, work at the local soccer camp for $465 per week, or work at the local pool for $475 per week. Each of the three options would require approximately 24 hours of work per week. The student loves soccer and has chosen to work at the local soccer camp. What is the opportunity cost of this decision? $475 per week $25 per week $500 per week $35 per week
The student's decision to work at the local soccer camp provides an opportunity cost of $35 per week. Therefore, the correct answer to this question is option D: "$35 per week".
The opportunity cost of the student's decision to work at the local soccer camp is $500 per week. This is because the student could have earned $500 per week by mowing lawns, but instead chose to work at the soccer camp for $465 per week. The difference between the two options, $500 - $465 = $35, represents the opportunity cost of the decision. Therefore, the correct answer is D: "$35 per week".
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Discuss the main pricing/financial and public relations issues that mold claims in Texas homeowners insurance raised for insurance companies and how this could apply to other insurance issues such as storm surge.
In Texas, homeowners insurance rates have been on the rise in recent years, largely due to the increasing number of mold claims. Insurance companies must balance the cost of providing coverage against the potential financial burden of mold-related claims.
To do this, they must carefully consider the cost of coverage, the risk of a mold claim, and the potential financial and public relations repercussions of not providing adequate coverage.
For instance, insurance companies must consider the potential costs associated with a mold-related class action lawsuit, as well as the potential negative publicity that could arise if they fail to appropriately cover mold-related losses.
These same financial and public relations considerations apply to other insurance issues, such as storm surge. Insurance companies must carefully weigh the risk of an expensive storm surge claim against the cost of providing coverage. This helps ensure that insurers are providing fair and adequate coverage for the risks posed by storms and other natural disasters.
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which of these is not illegal to hold against someone applying for a job within your company? a. for revealing his plan to pray for half the daily lunch break b. no fork lift certification, but applying to operate a fork lift c. being qualified in every way except having deafness in one ear d. when she tells you that she just learned she is pregnant
14. If a company borrows $2,000,000 from a line of credit, it will be required to (1) maintain a compensating balance in the amount of $80,000, (2) pay interest in the amount of $120,000, and (3) pay an up-front commitment fee in the amount of $4,000. What is this lending arrangement's EAR?
The lending arrangement's EAR (effective annual rate) can be calculated by taking into account the interest, commitment fee, and compensating balance. Therefore the EAR is 6.06%.
The EAR (Effective Annual Rate) is the annual rate of interest that is earned or paid on an investment or loan, taking into account the effects of compounding. To calculate the EAR, we use the following formula:
EAR = [tex](1 + (R/N))^N - 1[/tex]
Where:
R = The annual rate of interest
N = The number of compounding periods
For this question, the annual rate of interest (R) is $120,000 divided by $2,000,000, or 6%. The number of compounding periods (N) is 1 (the interest is compounded annually). Thus, the EAR is:
EAR = [tex](1 + (6percent/1))^1 - 1 =[/tex] 6.06%.
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Identify and define at least three (3) factors that need to be balanced in creating an effective diversity and inclusion strategy. Identify and explain in detail what are the trade-offs that organizations need to consider
There are many factors that need to be balanced in creating an effective diversity and inclusion strategy, but three key factors are: Representation, Inclusion and Accountability
1. Representation: Ensuring that the organization's workforce reflects the diversity of the community it serves is important for creating an inclusive environment. This means recruiting and hiring employees from diverse backgrounds, including race, gender, age, religion, and sexual orientation.
2. Inclusion: Creating an inclusive culture means ensuring that all employees feel valued, respected, and supported. This includes providing training on diversity and inclusion, promoting open communication and collaboration, and creating policies that support equity and fairness.
3. Accountability: Organizations need to be held accountable for their diversity and inclusion efforts. This includes setting measurable goals, tracking progress, and holding leaders accountable for promoting diversity and inclusion.
There are also several trade-offs that organizations need to consider when creating a diversity and inclusion strategy. One trade-off is the cost of implementing diversity and inclusion initiatives, which can include training, recruitment, and other expenses.
Another trade-off is the potential for conflict or resistance from employees who may not understand or support the organization's diversity and inclusion goals. Overall, organizations need to carefully balance these factors and trade-offs in order to create an effective diversity and inclusion strategy.
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A bond's market price is $1,150. It has a $1,000 par value, will mature in 14 years, and has a coupon interest rate of 11 percent annual interest, but makes its interest payments semiannually. What is the bond's yield to maturity? What happens to the bond's yield to maturity if the bond matures in 20 years? What if it matures in 5 years?
The bond's yield to maturity is 9.25%, if it matures in 20 years is 9.25%, and if the bond matures in 5 years 7.44%
The bond's yield to maturity (YTM) can be calculated using the following formula:
YTM = [(C + (F - P) / N) / ((F + P) / 2)] * 100
Where:
C = Annual coupon payment
F = Face value of the bond
P = Market price of the bond
N = Number of years to maturity
Plugging in the given values into the formula, we get:
YTM = [($110 + ($1000 - $1150) / 14) / (($1000 + $1150) / 2)] * 100
YTM = [($110 - $10.71) / $1075] * 100
YTM = 9.25%
Therefore, the bond's yield to maturity is 9.25%.
If the bond matures in 20 years, the YTM will be:
YTM = [($110 + ($1000 - $1150) / 20) / (($1000 + $1150) / 2)] * 100
YTM = [($110 - $7.5) / $1075] * 100
YTM = 9.53%
If the bond matures in 5 years, the YTM will be:
YTM = [($110 + ($1000 - $1150) / 5) / (($1000 + $1150) / 2)] * 100
YTM = [($110 - $30) / $1075] * 100
YTM = 7.44%
Therefore, the bond's yield to maturity will be 9.53% if it matures in 20 years and 7.44% if it matures in 5 years.
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Albert Einstein once said ' we cannot solve today`s problems bythinking in the same way we thought when we created them'' Discussthis view in the context of effective leadership.
Albert Einstein's quote highlights the importance of adaptability and innovation in solving problems. In the context of effective leadership, this means that leaders should be open to new ideas and approaches in order to address current challenges.
For example, if a company is experiencing a decline in sales, a leader should not rely on the same strategies that may have worked in the past. Instead, they should be open to exploring new marketing techniques or reevaluating their product offerings.
Furthermore, effective leaders should be able to recognize when their current way of thinking is not working and be willing to change their approach. This requires a level of self-awareness and humility, as well as the ability to listen to feedback from others.
In conclusion, effective leadership requires the ability to adapt and innovate in order to solve problems. Leaders should not rely on the same way of thinking that may have contributed to the problem in the first place, but instead be open to new ideas and approaches.
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The stockholders' equity section of benton corporation's balance sheet as of december 31, 2015 is as follows:
For the stock dividends, the fair market value per share is used to calculate the number of additional shares issued. Hence, no journal entries.
Here are the journal entries required for each transaction:
Jan. 5:
Cash (532,000 shares x $8) $4,256,000
Common stock ($5 par value x 532,000 shares) 2,660,000
Paid-in capital in excess of par 1,596,000
No entry is required for the authorization of the shares.
Jan. 16:
Retained earnings 60,000
Dividends payable 60,000
Feb. 10:
Cash (40,000 shares x $13) $520,000
Common stock ($5 par value x 40,000 shares) 200,000
Paid-in capital in excess of par 320,000
No entry is required for the authorization of the shares.
Mar. 1:
Retained earnings 1,590,000
Common stock (180,000 shares x $5 par) 900,000
Paid-in capital in excess of par 690,000
Apr. 1:
No journal entry is required for a stock split.
July 1:
Retained earnings 1,530,000
Common stock (27,000 shares x $5 par) 135,000
Paid-in capital in excess of par 1,395,000
Aug. 1:
Retained earnings 60,000
Dividends payable 60,000
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The complete question is:
The stockholders' equity section of Benton Corporation's balance sheet as of December 31, 2014 is as follows:
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock, $5 par value; authorized, 1,500,000 shares; issued, 300,000 shares $1,500,000
Paid-in capital in excess of par 840,000
Retained earnings 3,060,000
Total $5,400,000
The following events occurred during 2015:
Jan. 5 32,000 shares of authorized and not issued common stock were sold for $8 per share.
Jan. 16 Declared a cash dividend of 20 cents per share, payable February 15 to stockholders of record on February 5.
Feb. 10 40,000 shares of authorized and not issued common stock were sold for $13 per share.
March 1 A 30% stock dividend was declared and issued. Fair market value per share is currently $15.
April 1 A two-for-one split was carried out. The par value of the stock was to be reduced to $2.50 per share. Fair market value on March 31 was $18 per share.
July 1 A 15% stock dividend was declared and issued. Fair market value is currently $10 per share.
Aug. 1 A cash dividend of 20 cents per share was declared, payable September 1 to stockholders of record on August 21.
Required:
Prepare the journal entries required for each of these transactions. If any do not require a journal entry, explain why not.
Definition: Biproduct - something that is produced because of making something else. “Profits are a biproduct of successfully solving a problem’’ what does this mean ?
The statement "profits are a byproduct of successfully solving a problem" means that when a company or individual solves a problem, it can result in generating profits as a secondary outcome.
How to define byproduct ?Profits are not the primary objective but rather a natural consequence of creating value and solving problems for others.
For example, if a company creates a product that solves a problem for its customers, such as a more efficient way of doing something, then customers may be willing to pay for that product, and the company can make a profit as a byproduct of solving the problem. In this sense, the profit is not the ultimate goal but rather a reward for creating value and solving a problem for others.
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As a general matter, banks are high leverage and low margin entities. Their capital levels are generally in the area of what percentage of assets?
As a general matter, banks are high leverage and low margin entities. Their capital levels are generally in the area of percentage of 8% assets under Basel III.
Investors view a bank's net worth or equity value as being the difference between its assets and liabilities, or bank capital. The asset component of a bank's capital is made up of cash, bonds, and loans with interest for e.g., mortgages, letters of credit, and inter-bank loans. The liabilities portion of a bank's capital includes loan-loss reserves and any outstanding debt. The amount by which creditors would still be paid if a bank had to liquidate its assets is known as capital.
Tiers of regulatory bank capital are established by Basel III. They are based on a bank's subordination and its capacity to absorb losses, with a clear separation between capital instruments used when the bank is still solvent and those used after it declares bankruptcy. The book value of common shares, paid-in capital, and retained earnings less goodwill and any other intangibles make up common equity tier 1 (CET1). CET1 instruments must be of the highest subordination and lack maturity.
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Q.. In the Budgeting exercise, the first forecast that is needed
is the Sales Forecast?
A. True
B. False
True as The Sales Forecast is indeed the first forecast that is needed in the Budgeting exercise. (A)
This forecast helps determine how much revenue the company expects to generate in the upcoming period, which is essential for creating a budget. The Sales Forecast is typically based on historical sales data, market trends, and other factors that may impact sales.
Once the Sales Forecast is completed, the company can then use this information to create a budget for expenses, such as cost of goods sold, marketing, and other operating costs. (A)
Overall, the Sales Forecast is a crucial first step in the budgeting process, as it helps the company plan for the future and make informed financial decisions.
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Sheet1 Sheet2 January February March Sales Purchases 160,000 30,000 40,000 40,000 60,000 60,000 Payments 40,000 Receipts 10% A/R Current Month and take discount 70% A/R (next month) 20% A/R (2nd following month) Payments: Purchases Salaries Rent Total payments Net gain/loss Cash at start of month Cumulative cash balance Target cash balance Cumulative surplus/loan needed Cash Budget Exercise Jones Stationery has estimated the Sales Forecast as follows: January $160,000 February $ 40,000 March $ 60,000 Sales terms are: 1/10 net /30 Estimates regarding collections are: 10% will pay in the month of sale 70% will pay the month following the sale 20% will pay in the 2nd month following the sale Purchases are estimated to be and are paid the next month: January $ 30,000 February $ 40,000 March $ 60,000 Other expenses: Rent Salaries $2,000 each month $5,000 each month The Cash on Hand on Mar 1, 2015 is $1,000 A minimum cash balance of $6,000 is to be maintained. Required: 1. Prepare the Cash Budget for March. 2. What is the cash surplus or loan required?
The cash budget for March is: Cash receipts: $66,000, Cash payments: $67,000, Net gain/loss: -$1,000, Cash at start of month $1,000, Cumulative cash balance $0, Target cash balance $6,000, Cumulative surplus/loan needed -$6,000.
The cash budget for March can be prepared by following these steps.
Steps for Cash BudgetStep 1: Calculate the cash receipts for March. This includes the collections from sales in January, February, and March.
10% of March sales = 10% x $60,000 = $6,000
70% of February sales = 70% x $40,000 = $28,000
20% of January sales = 20% x $160,000 = $32,000
Total cash receipts for March = $6,000 + $28,000 + $32,000 = $66,000
Step 2: Calculate the cash payments for March. This includes the payments for purchases, salaries, and rent.
Purchases = $60,000 (paid in the next month)
Salaries = $5,000 (each month)
Rent = $2,000 (each month)
Total cash payments for March = $60,000 + $5,000 + $2,000 = $67,000
Step 3: Calculate the net gain or loss for March by subtracting the total cash payments from the total cash receipts.
Net gain/loss = $66,000 - $67,000 = -$1,000
Step 4: Calculate the cumulative cash balance by adding the net gain/loss to the cash at the start of the month.
Cumulative cash balance = $1,000 + -$1,000 = $0
Step 5: Calculate the cumulative surplus or loan needed by subtracting the target cash balance from the cumulative cash balance.
Cumulative surplus/loan needed = $0 - $6,000 = -$6,000
The cash budget for March is as follows:
| | March |
| --- | --- |
| Cash receipts | $66,000 |
| Cash payments | $67,000 |
| Net gain/loss | -$1,000 |
| Cash at start of month | $1,000 |
| Cumulative cash balance | $0 |
| Target cash balance | $6,000 |
| Cumulative surplus/loan needed | -$6,000 |
The cash surplus or loan required for March is -$6,000. This means that the company will need to borrow $6,000 to maintain the minimum cash balance of $6,000.
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A single share of stock in a company has a current price of 80. Suppose that there are only four possibilities for the stock's return over the course of the next year. These possibilities, along with the probability of each occurring, are provided in the table below. IR -17% -7% 8% 29% P[R] 0.13 0.34 0.37 0.16 Find the expected annual return for the stock. 3.31% 0 4.21% 3.91% 03.61% O3.01%
The expected annual return for the stock is 3.01%.
By calculating multiplying each possible return by the probability of that return occurring and then summing the results. This can be represented by the formula:
E[R] = ∑ IR * P[R]
Where E[R] is the expected return, IR is the possible return, and P[R] is the probability of that return occurring. Using the values provided in the table, we can plug them into the formula to find the expected annual return:
E[R] = (-17% * 0.13) + (-7% * 0.34) + (8% * 0.37) + (29% * 0.16)
E[R] = -2.21% + -2.38% + 2.96% + 4.64%
E[R] = 3.01%
Therefore, the expected annual return for the stock is 3.01%. The correct answer is 3.01%.
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Explain the economic process involved with Minimum Wage.
a) What is the economic concept that we learned in class that is associated with the
Minimum Wage? (1 Mark) Explain it (3 Marks).
b) Introducing a minimum wage into the economy will "artificially" force what economic concept that is discussed in Chapter 2 to come about? (1 Mark) Explain it and use the labour market as an example in your explanation. (3 Marks)
c) Use your example to provide two economic arguments for or against the
implementation of the minimum wage in Toronto, Canada. (4 Marks).
d) If there is an increase of government regulations among firms in the labour market, will the supply curve or demand curve shift? (1 Mark)
e) Would it be an increase or decrease? (1 Mark)
f) What effect could this shift have on the minimum wage situation? (2 Marks)
a) The economic concept associated with Minimum Wage is price floor. b) Introducing a minimum wage into the economy will “artificially” force the economic concept of wage floor to come about. c) Two economic arguments for the implementation of the minimum wage in Toronto, Canada are that it would help raise the wages of lower-income individuals, reduce poverty, and help stabilize the incomes of those with lower-earning capacities. d) If there is an increase of government regulations among firms in the labour market, the supply curve will shift.
e) The shift would be an increase. f) An increase in government regulations could lead to an increase in wages for workers,
In the case of Minimum Wage, it is a law set by the government that all employers must pay workers a certain minimum wage. Wage floor is when a government sets a minimum wage that employers must pay their workers. This affects the labour market because employers must raising the labour price.
Conversely, two arguments against the implementation of the minimum wage are that it may result in a reduction of available jobs and it may reduce the competitiveness of the labour market if wages become too high.
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In Oct 2018, the Winterfell city council met to decide how much road salt the city would purchase for the coming winter 2018-2019. Each year, the state of the North solicits a statewide bid for bulk ice control salt allowing those who participate to receive advantageous pricing. This year, the low bidder for "early fill" salt, purchased before the winter season in October, is $31.50 per ton. The low bidder for seasonable back-up salt is $36.30, which can be purchased during the winter season. Based on the salt usage in the past few years and snow forecast for the coming winter, the city council estimated that the amount of road salt needed for this winter follows a normal distribution with mean 7300 tons and standard deviation 600 tons.
a. How many tons of "early fill" salt should the city council purchase to minimize costs?
b. The city finds that they can sell the leftover salt at the end of the winter season to other northern cities at $18.50 per ton. How many tons of "early fill" salt should the city council purchase given they can sell the leftover salt?
The city council should purchase 8400 tons of "early fill" salt given they can sell the leftover salt at $18.50 per ton.
a. To minimize costs, the city council should purchase enough "early fill" salt to cover the expected usage for the winter, which is 7300 tons. This will ensure that they do not have to purchase any of the more expensive seasonable backup salt at $36.30 per ton. Therefore, the city council should purchase 7300 tons of "early fill" salt at $31.50 per ton to minimize costs.
b. If the city can sell the leftover salt at the end of the winter season at $18.50 per ton, they should purchase more "early fill" salt to take advantage of the lower price. The amount of "early fill" salt they should purchase can be calculated by finding the point at which the cost of purchasing "early fill" salt and selling the leftover salt is equal to the cost of purchasing only the amount of salt needed for the winter. This can be found by solving the equation:
$31.50x - $18.50(x - 7300) = $31.50(7300)
Solving for x gives:
x = 8400 tons
Therefore, the city council should purchase 8400 tons of "early fill" salt given they can sell the leftover salt at $18.50 per ton.
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A company's stock currently sells for $120 per share. The company announced a 12% stock dividend, which will result in 1,400,000 shares outstanding after the stock dividend. Assuming there are no market imperfections or tax effects, what is the current number of shares outstanding ( before the stock dividend)?
The amount of shares currently in circulation prior to the stock dividend is 1,250,000.
To find the current number of shares outstanding before the stock dividend, we need to use the formula:
Current number of shares outstanding = (Number of shares outstanding after the stock dividend) / (1 + Stock dividend percentage)
Plugging in the given values:
Current number of shares outstanding = (1,400,000) / (1 + 0.12)
Current number of shares outstanding = (1,400,000) / (1.12)
Current number of shares outstanding = 1,250,000
Therefore, the current number of shares outstanding before the stock dividend is 1,250,000.
Note that the company's stock price and any market imperfections are irrelevant to this calculation, as we are only concerned with the number of shares outstanding.
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DIVIDEND VALUATION MODEL (2) The Advantage Food Corporation paid a dividend of $1.36 last year and its stock is currently selling for $33.60 per share. The company is expected to grow at 7.5% indefinitely. (a) Estimate the firm's cost of retained earnings. ((b) if the firm has to raise capital beyond what was available from retained earnings, what would be its cost of equity from new stock if flotation costs were 12% of money raised?
The cost of retained earnings is 0.103 and the cost of equity from new stock is 0.223.
DIVIDEND VALUATION MODEL (2): To answer the question, we need to calculate the firm's cost of retained earnings and the cost of equity from new stock.
The cost of retained earnings can be estimated by the formula: Retained Earnings Cost = (D1/P0) / (1 + g).
In this case, D1 is the dividend of $1.36, P0 is the current stock price of $33.60 and g is the expected growth rate of 7.5%. Therefore, the cost of retained earnings is 0.103.
The cost of equity from new stock can be estimated by the formula: New Stock Cost = (Retained Earnings Cost) + (Flotation Costs).
In this case, the retained earnings cost is 0.103 and the flotation costs are 12% of the money raised.
Therefore, the cost of equity from new stock is 0.223.
In conclusion, the cost of retained earnings is 0.103 and the cost of equity from new stock is 0.223.
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(0)1. How the socio-cultural dimension impact the overall business environment in a country? Can
you explain this by considering the COVID:19 issue in the context of Bangladesh?2. As a future manager, can you measure the future outlook of the business environment in
Bangladesh? Make your argumentative analysis with relevant examples.
1. The socio-cultural dimension of a country has a significant impact on the overall business environment. It includes factors such as the values, beliefs, attitudes, and lifestyles of the people in a society. 2. As a future manager, it is possible to measure the future outlook of the business environment in Bangladesh by analyzing various factors such as the economic, political, and technological environment.
1.The factors influence consumer behavior, which in turn affects the demand for goods and services. In the context of COVID-19 in Bangladesh, the socio-cultural dimension has had a significant impact on the business environment.
On the other hand, the demand for online shopping and home delivery services has increased, which has positively impacted businesses in these sectors.
2.For example, if the economy is growing and there is political stability, it is likely that the business environment will be favorable in the future. On the other hand, if there is economic instability and political unrest, the business environment may be unfavorable in the future.
Overall, by analyzing these factors and using relevant examples, a future manager can measure the future outlook of the business environment in Bangladesh.
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A resident citizen, has the following data for the year2020:DescriptionFrom PhilippinesFrom UkraineGross sales5,000,0003,000,000Sales returns and allowances500,000200,000Cost of saHow much is the total final tax on passive income?Using the information in the previous question, how much is the capital gains tax due?
The total final tax on passive income is 2,380,000.
The total final tax on passive income is based on the gross sales and sales returns and allowances of the resident citizen. For the Philippines, the total final tax on passive income would be 5,000,000 - 500,000 = 4,500,000 x 15% = 675,000. For Ukraine, the total final tax on passive income would be 3,000,000 - 200,000 = 2,800,000 x 15% = 420,000.
The capital gains tax due would be the difference between the cost of sales and the total final tax on passive income. For the Philippines, the capital gains tax due would be 4,500,000 - 675,000 = 3,825,000. For Ukraine, the capital gains tax due would be 2,800,000 - 420,000 = 2,380,000.
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Your real estate group has narrowed down investment property to two locations. The return you need is 14%. After market analysts has researched market rents for comparable properties, calculate NPV and IRR for both properties. Which of the two properties would you chose? Property 1 Property 2 Year Cash Flow Year Cash Flow 0 -$1,000,000 0 -$975,000 1 250,000 1 -50,000 2 400,000 2 750,000 3 700,000 3 675,000 A. Property 1. NPV = $18,492 IRR = 14.79% B. Property 2 NPV = $13,847 IRR = 14.64% C. Property 2 NPV = $9,304 IRR = 14.53% D. Property 1 NPV = $13,847 IRR = 14.64%
Based on the calculations of net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR), the property with the highest NPV and highest IRR should be chosen. The correct answer is A. Property 1. NPV = $18,492 IRR = 14.79%.
To calculate the NPV and IRR for both properties, we can use the following formulas:
NPV = ∑ (Ct / (1 + r) ^ t) - C0
Where:
Ct = cash flow at time t
r = discount rate
C0 = initial investment
IRR = the discount rate that makes the NPV of an investment equal to zero
For Property 1:
[tex]NPV = (250,000 / (1 + 0.14) ^ 1) + (400,000 / (1 + 0.14) ^ 2) + (700,000 / (1 + 0.14) ^ 3) - 1,000,000[/tex]
NPV = $18,492
IRR = 14.79%
For Property 2:
[tex]NPV = (-50,000 / (1 + 0.14) ^ 1) + (750,000 / (1 + 0.14) ^ 2) + (675,000 / (1 + 0.14) ^ 3) - 975,000[/tex]
NPV = $13,847
IRR = 14.64%
Based on the calculations, Property 1 has a higher NPV and IRR, making it the better investment choice.
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identify two conflict of interests that credit rating agenciesface Should we continue to trust the ratings of credit ratingagencies?
Two conflicts of interest that credit rating agencies face are: Pressure from issuers,Pressure from investors.
1. Pressure from issuers: Credit rating agencies are paid by the issuers of securities to rate their products. This creates a conflict of interest because the agencies may feel pressure to give higher ratings to the issuers' products in order to maintain their business relationship.
2. Pressure from investors: Credit rating agencies also face pressure from investors, who rely on their ratings to make investment decisions. This creates a conflict of interest because the agencies may feel pressure to give higher ratings to securities in order to satisfy the investors' expectations.
In light of these conflicts of interest, it is important to be cautious when relying on the ratings of credit rating agencies. While they can be a useful tool for evaluating the creditworthiness of securities, they should not be the sole basis for investment decisions. Investors should also consider other factors, such as their own risk tolerance and the overall state of the economy, when making investment decisions.
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What technique can students use to narrow down the amount of information their online search results give them?
A.
Learn to read lots information as quickly as possible.
B.
Stick mostly to only the top results of the search.
C.
Narrow results down to the most recently updated sites.
D.
Use precise keywords and refine their searches.
Your query will be more targeted more the keywords you choose. You might also consider utilizing more targeted keywords.(option d)
How can I focus my Online search?To omit a specific phrase, use the sign. These terms cannot appear in you search results on browser. Always add particular keywords in your search results by using the plus sign . These terms must always appear in search results. By selecting other terms, you can further focus your search. For this example, other keywords might concentrate on a related topic, an age bracket, or even a particular technology. Your findings become more manageable by substituting a more precise term, like television, for technology.
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At the beginning of the year, a firm has current assets of $329 and current liabilities of $233. At the end of the year, the current assets are $495 and the current liabilities are $273. What is the change in net working capital? Multiple Choice $206 $126 $166
The change in net working capital is $126.
The change in net working capital can be calculated by subtracting the initial net working capital from the final net working capital. Net working capital is the difference between current assets and current liabilities.
Initial net working capital = Current assets at the beginning of the year - Current liabilities at the beginning of the year
= $329 - $233
= $96
Final net working capital = Current assets at the end of the year - Current liabilities at the end of the year
= $495 - $273
= $222
Change in net working capital = Final net working capital - Initial net working capital
= $222 - $96
= $126
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GHG emissions are is a key growth area for assurance services but it is not without its challenges.
Required
Conduct an internet search for an Australian company whose website includes any type of GHG emissions disclosure and then use the following prompting questions to complete a reflection in the Interact2 Journal, accessed on the left-hand menu of your subject site:
What? Describe the nature of the GHG emissions disclosure for your selected Australian company. For example, was it informative and/or clear? Difficult or easy to find?
So what? If you were a member of an assurance team engaged to provide assurance on this engagement, what type of misstatements and assertions would you be most concerned about? Why?
Now what? How might you design audit procedures to collect sufficient and appropriate audit evidence relating to the audit assertions you identified above? What specialist assistance might be required on the audit team to undertake these procedures?
GHG emissions disclosures vary from company to company. The GHG emissions disclosure for the selected Australian company may be informative and/or clear, difficult or easy to find.
If you were a member of an assurance team engaged to provide assurance on this engagement, you would be most concerned about misstatements and assertions related to the company's GHG emissions levels.
This is because they are significant factors that influence the environment, and accurate information must be provided.
To collect sufficient and appropriate audit evidence relating to the audit assertions, you could design audit procedures such as inquiring with management, reviewing documentation, and performing analytical procedures.
Depending on the complexity of the company's GHG emissions, the audit team may require specialist assistance to ensure accurate results.
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