Answer:Step order:
2. The surface (substrate) is preconditioned by environmental molecules.
4.Microbes bind and detach from the preconditioned surface.
1.Quorum detection and extracellular matrix establishment begins as microbes bind more stably.
3. The mature biofilm and some microorganisms escape the planktonic state.
Explanation:
The biofilm is a highly complex structure where many microorganisms coexist, compete, reproduce, feed, within a micro-system with many ideal conditions for each microorganism that is housed in it.
The biofilm is resistant to non-selective antimicrobials, that is, to disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, among others.
Evidence was also presented that they are resistant to selective antimicrobials such as antibiotics, that is why they have great virulence factors or potential to trigger pathology.
The solution to destroy a biofilm is mechanical sweeping, with brushing as it happens on our teeth or even with the catheter cleaning brushes that are used (in addition to the sterilization methods).
This biofilm presents separate colonies in its interim with a fluid that it travels transmitting signals, food, toxins, resistant factors between these different types of microorganisms. This fluid and this communication between them is called quorum sensing and not all microorganisms tolerate it.
Many microorganisms compete with each other for the medium, an example is streptococcus mutating in the dental biofilm, which generates an acidic medium by metabolizing carbohydrates within the biofilm, thus generating that those bacteria that live in neutral or alkaline ph cannot reproduce and die.
The biofilm can be contained by bacteria, viruses, fungi and even parasites, but what they all have in common is that they have the ability to reproduce on an inert surface such as catheters, dental surfaces, silicone hoses.
Sulfa antibiotics damage bacteria by affecting a certain bacterial enzyme. The sulfa antibiotic looks similar to a substrate normally required by the bacterial cells to live. The sulfa antibiotic occupies the active site of the required enzyme and blocks entry of its normal substrate. This prevents the bacteria from making nucleotides that are required for their reproduction and survival. Based on this information, the action of sulfa antibiotics is an example of
Answer:
non competitive inhibition
Explanation:
because the substrate and the antibiotic do not compete for active sites but rather the antibiotic inhibits the site blocking the normal substrate completely
Which of the following is an example of adaptive radiation? One population of squirrels becomes two separate species over a long time. One population of lizards forms 15 separate species over a short time. One species of birds becomes better suited to its environment over time. One species of fish forms when two species of fish begin to breed with each other.
Answer:
B. One population of lizards leads to 15 separate species over a short time.
Explanation:
Adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges and opens environmental niches.
Adaptive radiation occurs when a single ancestral species diversifies into a variety of different species, each with different adaptations to fit different ecological niches.
When does the adaptive radiation occur ?This often occurs when a group of organisms colonizes a new, relatively unexploited environment, and the different ecological niches available in that environment drive the evolution of different adaptations in different subgroups.
The example of one population of lizards forming 15 separate species over a short time is a classic example of adaptive radiation. In this case, the ancestral population of lizards likely colonized a new area with many different ecological niches.
Over time, different subgroups of lizards evolved adaptations that allowed them to exploit these niches in different ways, leading to the diversification of the group into many different species.
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What Is the meristematic tissue that helps in the production of roots in stem cutting
Answer:
apical meristem
Explanation:
it is a meristematic tissue found in the buds and growing tips of roots in plants.
Its purpose is to trigger the growth of new cells in young seedlings at the tips of roots and shoots and forming buds.
Which of the following statements describes a planet but not a dwarf planet? Select one: a. It is not a moon of a larger planet. b. It orbits around a star. c. It has cleared its orbit of smaller objects. d. It has enough mass to form a spherical shape. Clear my choice
Answer:
C
Explanation:
It has cleared its orbit of smaller objects is the statements describes a planet but not a dwarf planet.
What is a plant?A planet is a celestial body that is in orbit around the Sun, has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape, and has cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit.As their name suggests, the main difference between a dwarf planet and a planet is size. Because they are smaller, dwarf planets lack the gravitational forces needed to pull in and accumulate all of the material found in their orbits. Each known dwarf planet in our solar system is actually smaller than Earth's Moon.It has cleared its orbit of smaller objects is the statements describes a planet but not a dwarf planet.
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The map shows regions of Africa Europe Asia and Australia. It also shows a range of deforestation zones in these continents. On the map, red stands for high deforestation dark green stands for medium deforestation blue stands for low deforestation and pink stands for unavailable data identify the areas where species are most at risk of habitat loss.
Answer:
Red area stand for high deforestation
Explanation:
The species are most risk of habitat loss at red zone that stands for high deforestation.
Because of high deforestation, the natural habitat is getting lost at faster rate in red area which will affect the natural vegetation and animals living in the forest.
Hence, the correct answer is red zone stands for high deforestation.
Answer:
Anything in a red zone
Explanation:
For me it was, Africa and Australia
A maternal condition defined by the progressive dilation and effacement of the cervix that begins after 20 weeks and before term (the 37th week of pregnancy). This condition occurs because risk factors that are known or unknown cause uterine contractions and the cervix to dilate and efface prior to the time that the fetus is considered Term or 37-41 weeks. Many known and unknown causes for the condition exist. This condition is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of newborns.
Answer:
preeclampsia
Explanation:
Answer:
preeclampsia
Explanation:
Explain briefly 3 farming methods and it's effects on the ecosystem
Answer: easy pasy
Explanation:
Water, agricultural and soil
Thank you for your question
Describe what might be a possible structure for this new type of membrane. Describe what might be a possible structure for this new type of membrane. This membrane would have the polar groups on the two surfaces facing the nonpolar solvent, and it would have a hydrophobic interior. This membrane would have the polar groups on the two surfaces facing the nonpolar solvent, and it would have a hydrophilic interior. This membrane would have the nonpolar groups on the two surfaces facing the nonpolar solvent, and it would have a hydrophobic interior. This membrane would have the nonpolar groups on the two surfaces facing the nonpolar solvent, and it would have a hydrophilic interior.
The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:
Imagine a new type of cell was discovered on Mars in an organism growing in benzene, a nonpolar liquid. The cell had a lipid bilayer made of phospholipids, but its structure was very different from that of our cell membrane.
Describe what might be a possible structure for this new type of membrane.
A. This membrane would have the polar groups on the two surfaces facing the nonpolar solvent, and it would have a hydrophobic interior.
B. This membrane would have the polar groups on the two surfaces facing the nonpolar solvent, and it would have a hydrophilic interior.
C. This membrane would have the nonpolar groups on the two surfaces facing the nonpolar solvent, and it would have a hydrophobic interior.
D. This membrane would have the nonpolar groups on the two surfaces facing the nonpolar solvent, and it would have a hydrophilic interior.
Answer:
D. This membrane would have the nonpolar groups on the two surfaces facing the nonpolar solvent, and it would have a hydrophilic interior.
Explanation:
As per the description of the membrane, the membrane is made up of phospholipid and phospholipid are consist of two hydrophobic tails (non-polar) and one hydrophillic (polar) head.
As the cell membrane is growing in a non-polar liquid, benzene, the non-polar groups or hydrophobic tails will face the nonpolar solvent, as it will repel by the hydrophillic interior and polar head will face the interior of the memebrane.
Hence, the correct answer is D.
Which are produced as a result of meiosis? A) zygotes B) chromosomes C) tetrads D) gametes
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
because.
Gametes are produced as a result of meiosis.
What are the different stages of meiosis ?
The meiosis is divided into Meiosis I and Meiosis II, each stage subdivided into sub phases.
In prophase I of Meiosis I, nuclear envelope disintegrates, Chromosomes condensed and Spindle fibres are formed.
In Prometaphase II, Spindle fibres bind to the chromosomes at the centromere.
In Metaphase I, homologous chromosomes align at the equatorial plate.
Anaphase I where chromosomes are move towards the opposite poles.
In Telophase I, Spindle fibres disappear, reformation of Nuclear envelope; In Cytokinesis I, 2 non-identical diploid daughter cells are produced.
In Prophase II of meiosis II same event occur like prophase I.
In Metaphase II chromosomes align along the equatorial plate; In Anaphase II, Sister chromatids move to opposite poles.
Telophase II where Nuclear envelope reappear and the spindle fibres disappear; Cytokinesis II where cell divide into 4 non-identical haploid daughter cells.
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The images show fossils of a modern bird and two extinct organisms( a Tyrannosaurus rex and archaeopteryx). Based on the structure of the three organisms, it can be concluded that blank . The archaeopteryx and have wings, while dinosaurs have limbs. So, it can be concluded that blank.
Answer:
Many individuals consider that Archaeopteryx would have been the first bird, however, many paleontologists are against it. The findings of many fossils of Archaeopteryx have revealed that though the creature exhibited wings, the majority of its characteristics were of reptile, like the existence of full teeth set. Apart from this, the wings formation of the creature demonstrated that it was not completely capable of flying.
No matter what, the presence of wings makes them closely associated with the modern time birds. Thus, it can be concluded that Archaeopteryx could be considered as an intermediate between the reptiles and the birds and is a precursor to the modern-day birds' evolution.
What process is similar in function to genetic engineering but different in the mechanism it uses? A. Breeding for specific traits B. Cellular Respiration C. Genetic Calculus D. Replication in a bioreactor
Answer:
D. Replication in a bioreactor
Explanation:
Genetic engineering is defined as the process of gene manipulation in which a gene is altered by the introduction of new genes across species boundaries to produce an improved version of organisms.
The function of genetic engineering is to produce high quality and quantity of new organism.
Replication in a bioreactor has a similar function as genetic engineering but has a different mechanism.
Replication is a process in which DNA copy itself to form a new organism.
Replication in a bioreactor function to convert copies of DNA into high-quality product under optimal condition.
Hence, the correct option is "D. Replication in a bioreactor".
A grove of pine trees grows in a cluster around the bank of a lake. what is this an example of
Answer: Options are not given, below are the options.
A. Stabilizing effect
B. Intraspecific competition
C. Abiotic factors
D. Interspecific competition.
The correct option is B.
It is intraspecific competition
Explanation:
It is intraspecific competition because the same species of plants are competing for limited available resources.
Intraspecific competition occur between member of the same organism where organism of the same species compete for limited available resources.
A grove of pine trees grows in a cluster around the bank of a lake is an example of intraspecific competition because the pine trees are of the same species and they compete for available limited resources.
Define molecule, divide it into different categories, name and describe each, and give 2 examples for each.
Answer:
Molecules are defined as a combination of two or more same or different atoms bounded together.
Types of molecules are as follows:
Diatomic molecules: A molecules which is consist of only two atoms of different or same elements are called diatomic molecules. Example: O2 and CO.
Heteronuclear diatomic molecules: A molecule that composed of two atoms of the same element is called heteronuclear diatomic molecules. Example: Hydrogen (H2) and Nitrogen (N2).
Homonuclear diatomic molecule: A molecule that composed of two atoms of different elements are called homonuclear diatomic molecule. Example: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Hydrogen fluoride (HF).
A molecule can be defined as a group of atoms that constitute the shortest and identifiable unit in which a substance is divided.
A molecule is a pure substance that retains its chemical and physical properties.Molecules can be divided into organic or non-organic molecules.Examples of organic molecules include proteins and lipids, whereas non-organic molecules include water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2).In conclusion, a molecule can be defined as a group of atoms that constitute the shortest and identifiable unit in which a substance is divided.
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An adult with a history of tanning has his genome sequenced. The beginning of a protein-coding region of his DNA reads ATGGGGATATGGCAT. If the protein-coding region of a healthy adult reads ATGGGGATATGAGCAT, identify the site and type of mutation.
Answer:
Explanation:
The protein-coding region of a healthy adult reads ATGGGGATATGAGCAT.
The beginning of a protein-coding region of the tanning individual DNA reads ATGGGGATATGGCAT
The site of mutation is close to the end - GGCA - between the two G's, a base (A) has been deleted.
Thus this type of mutation is termed deletion: a process whereby one or more bases are removed from a nucleotide sequence of DNA.
Consider the number of males who were diagnosed with melanoma in 2005. What quantity does this number represent? In 2005, 27.99 percent of males were diagnosed with melanoma. In 2005, 27.99 males out of 100 were diagnosed with melanoma. In 2005, 27.99 cases of melanoma were diagnosed in males. In 2005, 27.99 males out of every 100,000 were diagnosed with melanoma.
Answer:
In 2005, 27.99 males out of every 100,000 were diagnosed with melanoma.
Explanation:
Melanoma is a disease of cancer of the skin, which generates the expense of melanocytes.
In the vast majority of cases which is the first seat is skin. There are also eye melanomas, mucous membranes, and also rare the internal organs.
Now, according to the given table, it is described that the units which is used per 100,000. We will find that the number of males is 27.99 per 100,000 while the number of females is 18.30 per 100,000 .
Answer:
In 2005, 27.99 males out of every 100,000 were diagnosed with melanoma.
Explanation:
Which statement is true about chromosomes?
Answer:
4.they are made up of DNA wrapped around proteins
1) Different types of parenchyma ? And their location and Function ? please please mark me brainlist
Answer:
n the different regions of the plant body parenchyma cells are involved in different functions. On this basis, following types of parenchyma can be recognised.
Chlorenchyma is the parenchyma in which the cells contain large number of chloroplasts. Chlorenchyma takes part in photosynthesis. It occurs in the leaves and other green parts of the plant body.
Prosenchyma is a type of parenchyma where cells are elongated with tapering ends.
Arenchyma is the parenchyma in which the cells enclose large intercellular spaces that are filled with air. Aerenchyma helps in buoyancy and respiration. It is characteristically found in aquatic floating plants.
Vascular parenchyma is the parenchyma, which is found associated with the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. Accordingly, it is distinguished into xylem parenchyma and phloem parenchyma.
Medullary parenchyma is the parenchyma, which is found radially arranged in between the vascular bundles in the stem. It is meant for storage of reserve food.
Conjunctive parenchyma is the parenchyma, which occurs in the root system. It is specially meant for storage of water.
Armed parenchyma is the parenchyma, which is found in the epidermis of leaves in some gymnosperms. The cells have many spiny projections. It is defensive in function.
The term describes cells in both plant and animal tissues. In plants, parenchyma cells are a distinct type of tissue that can grow and divide and they have a thin cell wall. They make up flowers, leaves, and the inner parts of roots and stems that grow and divide. These cells secrete sap, exchange gases, and conduct photo synthesis. Plant parenchyma is classified into 4 shapes: polyhedral, stellate, elongated, and lobed.
In animals, parenchymal cells are the functional cells within the organism. This does not include those that have structural and/or protective functions like bone cells that make up a skeleton. In the brain, the parenchyma consists of neurons and glial cells. In addition, the cancer cells in tumors that are not involved with blood vessels are called parenchyma.
Answer:
a. Photosynthetic parenchyma: it is commonly found under the epidermis, where light is more intense. It is specialized in photosynthesis thanks to the many chloroplasts present in the cells.
b. Storage parenchyma: They are mostly found in solution, such as lipids, proteins, and others. Their function is to synthesize and store a number of substances.
c. Aquiferous parenchyma: It is present in plants that live in dry environments, known as xerophyte plants. Their function is to store some amount of water.
Explanation:
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Which substance is used as an oxidizing agent in the chemical industries? Write its chemical name and formula.
Answer:
Hydrogen Peroxide is usually used as an oxidizing agent in the industries.
Chemical Name: Hydrogen Peroxide
Formula : [tex]H_{2}O_{2}[/tex]
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\mathrm{H_2O_2}}[/tex]
Explanation:
Hydrogen peroxide is used as an oxidizing agent in the chemical industries.
The chemical name is Hydrogen peroxide.
Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula [tex]\mathrm{H_2O_2}[/tex].
Sanshool, a compound found in Sichuan peppers, is used in making spicy Asian food. It is known to inhibit a subset of potassium leak channels involved in maintaining the resting membrane potential. What effect do you think sanshool would have on the membrane potential
Answer:
Explanation:
In this specific scenario, the sanshool would cause the resting potential to elevate into less negative values thus making it easier to excite the neuron . In a standard scenario, the resting potential of neurons is about -70 mV and at the resting potential the concentration of ions is kept constant through Na+/K+ pumps.
How would a large geomagnetic storm affect communication on Earth?
Answer:
During geomagnetic storms, the ionosphere gets altered and it resulted in the distraction of the high-frequency radio communications and navigation.
Explanation:
A geomagnetic storm also popularly known by the term a solar storm refers to a transient disruption of the magnetosphere of the earth prompt by a solar wind shock wave that strikes with the magnetic field of the earth. On the surface of the Earth, a magnetic storm is characterized by a sudden decrease in the power of the Earth's magnetic field. The decline spans range about six to twelve hours and following it the magnetic field starts to restore to normal in a few days. It affects the global position system thus disrupting the communication on Earth.
Image C: nervous tissue
Image D: muscle tissue
Part A
Based on the words connective tissue and the arrangement of cells in image B, what is this tissue's
function in the body?
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Answer:
Hello. You did not show the images, but the function of the connective tissue in the body is to provide support by filling the empty spaces between one tissue and another. In addition, it is responsible for nourishing the tissues to which it is connected.
Explanation:
Generally speaking, connective tissue is a connecting tissue. its function depends a lot on the cells that make it up, but in general, we can say that this type of tissue is responsible for promoting the support of other tissues in the body. This is because the connective tissue is able to fill empty spaces between the fabrics, in addition to being able to provide necessary nutrition to these fabrics whenever necessary.
During a discussion about antimicrobial agents, the instructor explains to the nursing students that there are two major methods used to classify antimicrobial drugs. What are those two major methods
Answer:
The correct answer is - Susceptible organism and mechanism of action
Explanation:
1. susceptibility is a term utilized when microorganisms, for example, microscopic organisms and fungi can't develop within the sight of at least one antimicrobial medications. susceptibility testing is performed on microscopic organisms or parasites causing a person's infection after they have been recovered in a culture of the specimen .
A bacterial strain is supposed to be helpless to a given anti-microbial when it is restrained in vitro by a concentration of this medication that is related with a high probability of therapeutic achievement.
2. According to their primary actions on microbial cells, antimicrobial antibiotics can be divided into four categories: 1. Inhibitors of the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall 2. Inhibitors of the bacterial protein synthesis 3. Inhibitors of the nucleic acid metabolism 4. Alteration of Cell Membranes.
Which statement is not true about prokaryotic cells? They are always single-celled organisms, and they never contain mitochondria. They have a circular loop of DNA instead of multiple linear DNA molecules. They lack a nucleus, but they do have ribosomes. They may have flagella, but they never have cilia. They all have a rigid cell wall instead of a plasma membrane.
Answer:
They lack a nucleus, but they do have ribosomes.
Explanation:
Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or other internal membrane-bound structures. Therefore, they do not have a nucleus, but, instead, generally have a single chromosome: a piece of circular, double-stranded DNA located in an area of the cell called the nucleoid.
What product of photosynthesis is stored in chemical bonds? A. Water. B. Oxygen. C. Chemical energy. D. Solar energy.
Answer:
I think Chemical Energy
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is the process by which organisms containing the pigment chlorophyll transform light energy into chemical energy that can be stored in the organic molecular bonds (e.g., sugars).
Answer:
C. Chemical energy
Explanation:
water and solar energy are raw material for photosynthesis so they do not apply.
Oxygen is a product but is not stored in the plant.
Chemical energy is stored in glucose (or sugar) which is a product of photosynthesis stored in the plant. So C is the answer.
DNA is very small, one complete turn of a DNA helix is about _______.
Explanation:
DNA is very small, one complete turn of a DNA helix is about ___3.4 nm___.
DNA is very small, one complete turn of a DNA helix is about 3.4 nm or 34 Angstrom long.
What is DNA?DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA may be defined as a molecule that is composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to construct a double helix.
This molecule is also thought to carry genetic information based on the individuals and deliver instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
One complete turn of a DNA helix consists of 10 base pairs. So, the pitch of the helix is found to be 3.4 nm and the two strands are right-angled coiled.
The distance between the two base pairs in a helix is 0.34 nm.
Therefore, DNA is very small, one complete turn of a DNA helix is about 3.4 nm or 34 Angstrom long.
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What systems supply food and oxygen needed for respiration?
Answer:
I think its white blood cells or something like that sorry!
Explanation:
The respiratory and circulatory systems deliver oxygen and eliminate metabolic waste. It controls blood pH. Respiration exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and bodily cells.
What is respiration?The passage of oxygen from the outside environment into the cells of the tissues is what is referred to as respiration in the field of physiology. At the same time, carbon dioxide is removed from the tissues and released back into the environment.
Together with the circulatory system, the respiratory system is responsible for supplying the body with oxygen and removing waste products from the metabolic process. Additionally, it helps to maintain a healthy pH level in the blood. The process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported from the outside environment into the cells of the body is called respiration. During this process, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
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What is hello in Estonian?
Answer:
Tere
Explanation:
e
Answer:
I think it's either Tere or Halloo
Human-induced environmental changes can affect living things at which level(s)?
Answer:Water hyacinths from Asia now grow in the United States and are crowding out animals and other plants.
Explanation: that ur asnswer
Answer:
The answer is D) organisms, populations, and species
Explanation:
What is a ‘control’ in an experiment
Answer:all the things that you keep the same in the experiment
Explanation:
What two characteristics of life are evident in viruses?
Please help me with this question
Answer:
Viruses do, however, show some characteristics of living things. They are made of proteins and glycoproteins like cells are. They contain genetic information needed to produce more viruses in the form of DNA or RNA. They evolve to adapt to their hosts.Living characteristics of viruses include the ability to reproduce – but only in living host cells – and the ability to mutate.