The opportunities for federal appeals by death-row inmates were further limited by the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA) of 1996. This federal law made significant changes to the procedures and standards for filing appeals in death penalty cases.
Under the AEDPA, inmates must meet strict requirements to have their cases reviewed by federal courts, and they have a limited window of time to file their appeals.
The AEDPA was passed in response to concerns that death penalty appeals were being abused to delay executions and that federal courts were interfering with state court decisions.
Supporters of the law argued that it would streamline the appeals process and ensure that guilty verdicts and death sentences were upheld more quickly and efficiently.
However, critics of the AEDPA claim that it makes it more difficult for death-row inmates to prove their innocence or receive a fair trial, and that it undermines the ability of federal courts to provide a check on state court decisions.
In some cases, the AEDPA has been challenged as unconstitutional, but it remains in effect and continues to shape the appeals process for death penalty cases in the United States.
Visit here to learn more about Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA):
brainly.com/question/28026623
#SPJ11
what is meant by a "horserace narrative," as it relates to media coverage of elections?
A "horserace narrative" in media coverage of elections refers to a reporting approach that focuses primarily on the competition between candidates, rather than on their policy positions or qualifications.
This narrative emphasizes poll numbers, leads, and shifts in momentum, treating the election like a race with constant updates on who is ahead and who is trailing.
It often prioritizes sensationalism and entertainment over substantive analysis, which can result in an overly simplistic view of complex political issues.
This narrative can influence public perception and voter behavior, as it highlights the competitive aspect of elections, rather than encouraging a deeper understanding of the candidates and their proposals.
To know more about horserace narrative refer here: https://brainly.com/question/21011232#
#SPJ11
A ______ is one tactic to signal the leadership that a Senate member may have objections to a bill. A. cloture. B. hold. C. markup. D. pocket veto
A hold is one tactic to signal the leadership that a Senate member may have objections to a bill.
Senates are another kind of one of the two houses, or legislatures, of a divided government is referred to as the "upper house" and is known as the senate. Most senates' major responsibility is to review legislation again after the lower house has approved it.
Senators are the members or lawmakers of a senate. The English language absorbed the Latin word a senator without altering its spelling. Its meaning comes from a very old societal structure in which the oldest males are given advisory or decision-making roles.
This allows the member to delay or block the bill from moving forward until their concerns are addressed. It is a tool of leadership within the Senate.
To learn more about Senate Member, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/24719154
#SPJ11
formal agreements between states that must be approved by congress are called __________ compacts.
Answer: interstate
Explanation:
Formal agreements between states that must be approved by Congress are called interstate compacts.
What does formal agreement mean?Formal agreements are agreements that are legally binding between people or parties.
A formal agreement describes exactly what every party to the agreement must do and have the right to do.
They help people work together, set rules, and solve problems in a fair and organized way that the law supports.
Interstate compacts are made through a formal process where states negotiate and agree on the terms and decide on the rules and conditions they will follow to achieve a certain goal.
Congress is required to sign instate compacts in the U.S.
Read more about Interstate compacts at brainly.com/question/12134934
#SPJ4
________________ refers to the illegal actions of a corporation or people acting on its behalf.
Corporate crime refers to the illegal actions of a corporation or people acting on its behalf.
This type of crime can involve a wide range of unlawful activities, such as fraud, embezzlement, insider trading, environmental violations, and more. Corporate crime is often committed by high-ranking executives within a company to increase profits, evade regulations, or gain a competitive advantage.
One of the key characteristics of corporate crime is that it typically harms a large number of people or the environment, while the direct perpetrators often remain unknown. For example, illegal dumping of toxic waste can cause severe harm to public health and the environment, but identifying the specific individuals responsible for the crime can be challenging.
To combat corporate crime, governments have enacted various laws and regulations aimed at holding corporations and their executives accountable. These laws often include financial penalties, mandatory compliance programs, and even imprisonment for those found guilty of committing corporate crimes. Additionally, whistleblowers who report corporate wrongdoing may be eligible for protection and financial rewards.
It is crucial to recognize the negative impact of corporate crime on society, as it can erode public trust in businesses, create economic imbalances, and harm the environment. To ensure corporate accountability and maintain ethical business practices, society must continue to enforce regulations and encourage transparency within the corporate sector.
Learn more about Corporate crime here: https://brainly.com/question/14370136
#SPJ11
phrases such as "future plans" "refer back" and "basic fundamentals" are all considered what?
Phrases such as "future plans," "refer back," and "basic fundamentals" are all considered redundant expressions or tautologies. This is because each phrase contains words that essentially repeat the same meaning.
Phrases such as "future plans," "refer back," and "basic fundamentals" are considered examples of tautologies. A tautology is a statement or phrase that repeats itself or is redundant, often by using words that have the same meaning or conveying the same idea.
For example, "future plans" is a tautology because the word "future" already implies that the plans are for a time ahead. "Refer back" is also a tautology because the word "refer" means to look back or to consult, so the word "back" is redundant. "Basic fundamentals" is a tautology because both "basic" and "fundamentals" convey the idea of something that is fundamental or essential.
Using tautologies can make language sound repetitive and can also reduce the clarity of a statement. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid using tautologies and to strive for clear and concise language.
See more about redundant expressions at https://brainly.com/question/12980818.
#SPJ11
a legal error that requires the lower court’s ruling to be overturned is called a(n)
A legal error that requires the lower court's ruling to be overturned is called a reversible error. This means that the mistake made by the lower court was significant enough to have affected the outcome of the case, and therefore, the ruling must be reconsidered.
Reversible errors can include incorrect application or interpretation of the law, improper admission or exclusion of evidence, or violation of a party's constitutional rights. It is important for judges to be knowledgeable about the law and for parties to have competent legal representation to help identify and address potential reversible errors.
Appellate courts are responsible for reviewing lower court decisions and determining if any reversible errors were made. If a reversible error is found, the case may be sent back to the lower court for a new trial or decision.
To know more about reversible error visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31580636
#SPJ11
in which case would the judge serve both as a fact-finder and determiner of questions of law?
In the case of a bench trial, the judge serves as both the fact-finder and the determiner of questions of law.
In a bench trial, there is no jury present, and the judge is responsible for hearing the evidence presented by both parties, determining the credibility of witnesses, and making a decision based on the facts and the law.
The judge is responsible for applying the law to the facts of the case and making a ruling based on their interpretation of the law.
This type of trial is commonly used in cases involving complex legal issues or when a jury trial is not available. In a bench trial, the judge has a significant amount of responsibility and must carefully consider both the law and the evidence presented before making a final decision.
To know more about bench trial visit:
https://brainly.com/question/1150855
#SPJ11
political scientist robert salisbury compares the role of an interest group leader to that of a(n)
Political scientist Robert Salisbury compares the role of an interest group leader to that of a legislator.
Interest groups are organizations that seek to influence public policy and decision-making processes in favor of their interests or causes. Interest group leaders play a crucial role in representing the interests of their group to policymakers and advocating for policies that align with their group's goals.
Salisbury argues that interest group leaders are similar to legislators in their ability to make decisions on behalf of their constituents, negotiate with other groups and policymakers, and strategically use resources to achieve their goals.
Both interest group leaders and legislators must be skilled at navigating the complex political landscape and working within existing power structures to achieve their objectives.
To know more about legislator, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/30163700#
#SPJ11
Write a brief summary based on the constitutional issue for each of the following cases (do not include the "facts" of the case- just the constitutional argument- the "law" of the case):
Furman v Georgia
Gregg v Georgia
Coker v Georgia
McCleskey v Kemp
Ring v. Arizona
Atkins v Virginia
Roper v Simmons
Witherspoon v Illinois
Hurst v. Florida
In order to receive full credit, you must have: A) the most important constitutional issues that were argued in each case- B) who the courts supported, and C) why. Each case should have a minimum of six (6) sentences.
These cases are related to the criminal justice system of United States. The founding's of the supreme court in the form of constitutional arguments is highlighted.
Furman v. Georgia 1972 - The main constitutional question in this case was whether the death penalty was being applied in a way that violated the eighth Amendment ban on cruel and unusual punishment by being applied in a discriminatory manner. The Supreme Court ruled that all current death penalty laws are unconstitutional after concluding that the death penalty is being used arbitrarily and capriciously.
Gregg v. Georgia 1976 - Whether the death penalty, as modified by the state of Georgia was constitutional was at issue in this case. The Supreme Court ruled that the revised death penalty statute was constitutional and did not contravene the Eighth or Fourteenth Amendment because it provided for a segmented trial process with specific aggravating and mitigating factors.
The constitutional question in Coker v. Georgia (1977) was whether the death penalty was an appropriate sentence. The death penalty was deemed to be an excessive punishment for serious crimes by the Supreme Court, and it also violated the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment.
The main constitutional question in McCleskey v. Kemp (1987) was whether statistical proof of racial bias in the execution of death sentences was sufficient to establish an Eighth Amendment violation. The Supreme Court ruled that there was insufficient evidence to prove a constitutional violation.
Arizona v. Ring (2002) - In this case, the legal issue was whether the fact based determinations required to impose the death penalty must be made by a jury rather than a judge. The Supreme Court ruled that in order to impose the death penalty, factual findings must be made by a jury, not a judge, in accordance with the Sixth Amendment's guarantee of a jury trial.
In 2002 Atkins v. Virginia The Eighth Amendment ban on cruel and unusual punishment was at issue in this case's constitutionality which involved the execution of defendants who had intellectual disabilities. Such executions, according to the Supreme Court, violated the Eighth Amendment and were therefore unconstitutional.
The main constitutional query raised in Roper v. Simmons 2005 was whether the Eighth Amendment ban on cruel and unusual punishment applied to defendants who were under the age of 18 when they committed the crimes. According to the Supreme Court it is unconstitutional to execute defendants who were under the age of 18 when they committed the crimes.
The legal question in Witherspoon v. Illinois 1968 was whether potential jurors who expressed opposition to the death penalty could be barred from a capital trial. According to the Supreme Court, such jurors cannot be automatically disqualified rather, they can only be disqualified if their stance on the death penalty would prevent them from upholding the law and applying the death penalty when necessary.
Florida v. Hurst (2016) - The Sixth Amendment guarantee of a jury trial was at stake in this case and it was unclear whether Florida's death penalty sentencing policy was constitutional. The Supreme Court ruled that the plan was unconstitutional because it gave a judge the authority to determine the facts necessary to impose the death penalty rather than a jury.
Learn more about supreme court at:
brainly.com/question/1755400
#SPJ1
– List the three types of handguns and how they differ.
There are three main types of handguns: Revolvers, Semi-Automatic Pistols, and Single-Shot Pistols. Here's how they differ:
Revolvers: Revolvers are a type of handgun that have a cylinder with multiple chambers that rotate around a central axis. Each chamber can hold a single cartridge, and the revolver is typically reloaded by inserting rounds into the chambers one at a time. Revolvers are known for their simplicity, reliability, and ease of use, making them a popular choice for beginners and experienced shooters alike.
Semi-Automatic Pistols: Semi-automatic pistols are a type of handgun that use the energy from fired rounds to automatically eject spent casings and load new cartridges from a magazine. They typically have a higher capacity than revolvers and can be reloaded more quickly, making them a popular choice for self-defense and law enforcement. Semi-automatic pistols also offer a wider range of customization options, including grip size, sights, and trigger pull.
Single-Shot Pistols: Single-shot pistols are a type of handgun that can hold only one round at a time. They are typically used for hunting and target shooting, where accuracy is more important than speed. Single-shot pistols are often highly specialized, with long barrels and high-powered cartridges that allow for greater accuracy at longer ranges.
In summary, the main differences between these three types of handguns are their mechanisms of operation, reloading methods, capacity, and intended use.
Learn more about handguns, here:
https://brainly.com/question/16678502
#SPJ1
a party seeking to recover in quasi contract must show that he or she has been unjustly enriched. T/F?
True, In a quasi-contract, also known as an implied-in-law contract, there is no actual contract between the parties. Instead, a court will impose a contract-like obligation on one party in order to prevent unjust enrichment.
This means that the party seeking to recover must show that the other party has received a benefit or enrichment that they do not deserve, and that it would be unfair for them to keep that benefit without compensating the other party.
In other words, the party seeking to recover must demonstrate that they have suffered a loss or detriment as a result of the other party's unjust enrichment. Therefore, the concept of unjust enrichment is essential in quasi-contract cases and must be established in order for a party to recover.
To know more about quasi-contract visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31076604
#SPJ11
in europe, world war i was a defensive rather than offensive war mainly due to the use of
In Europe, World War I was generally considered a defensive war rather than an offensive one.
This is due to a number of factors, including the use of trench warfare, the defensive mindset of many of the combatants, and the fact that many countries were initially fighting to protect their own territory.
The use of trench warfare was a major contributing factor to the defensive nature of the war.
Both sides dug extensive networks of trenches along the Western Front, creating a virtually impenetrable barrier.
The trench system was designed to protect troops from enemy fire and to provide a safe haven from which they could launch attacks.
However, the nature of the trenches made it very difficult to launch an effective offensive, as troops would be exposed to enemy fire as soon as they left the relative safety of their own trenches.
Another factor that contributed to the defensive nature of the war was the mindset of the combatants.
Many of the soldiers and officers involved in the war were trained to fight defensively, with a focus on protecting their own territory rather than conquering new ground.
This defensive mindset was reinforced by the fact that the war was fought on European soil, with many of the countries involved fighting to protect their own borders and people.
Know more about World War I here:
https://brainly.com/question/8535233
#SPJ11
________ refers to an official notice that the supreme court will review a case.
The statement is completed as: ''Writ of certiorari refers to an official notice that the Supreme Court will review a case.'' Therefore, the correct alternative is option A.
A writ of certiorari is a legal term that refers to an official notice from a higher court, such as the Supreme Court of the United States, indicating that the court has agreed to review a lower court's decision. This writ is issued at the discretion of the higher court, and it is not guaranteed that the court will choose to hear the case.
When a party files a petition for a writ of certiorari with the Supreme Court, they are essentially asking the court to review the lower court's decision and potentially overturn it. The Supreme Court receives thousands of petitions for writs of certiorari each year, but only a small fraction of them are granted.
The writ of certiorari is an important legal mechanism that allows the Supreme Court to exercise its authority as the highest court in the United States. By reviewing lower court decisions, the court can ensure that the law is being applied fairly and consistently across the country.
In conclusion, the correct alternative is option A. Writ of certiorari.
Complete question is:
______ refers to an official notice that the Supreme Court will review a case. A) Writ of certiorari. B) Stare decisis. C) En banc review. D) Sua sponte.
See more about writ of certiorari at https://brainly.com/question/31643838.
#SPJ11
Which variable is NOT included in the Model of Collaborative Governance by Ansell and Gash (2007)? A. competition B.collaborative process C. institutional design
The variable that is NOT included in the Model of Collaborative Governance by Ansell and Gash (2007) is A. competition.
The model focuses on the collaborative process and institutional design as the key variables that affect collaborative governance.
The collaborative process involves stakeholders working together to achieve common goals and solve problems through dialogue, negotiation, and compromise. The institutional design refers to the formal and informal structures that support collaborative governance, such as rules, norms, and power relations.
The model also considers the importance of trust, leadership, and learning in facilitating effective collaboration. However, competition, which refers to the rivalry between stakeholders for resources or influence, is not considered a key variable in the model.
Instead, the model emphasizes the need for stakeholders to work together in a mutually beneficial way, rather than competing against each other.
To know more about stakeholders visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30300878
#SPJ11
the modern concept of strict liability traces its origins, in part, to what famous english case?
The modern concept of strict liability traces its origins, in part, to the famous English case Rylands v. Fletcher (1868).
Rylands v. Fletcher (1868) is a landmark English case that established the principle of strict liability for certain activities. In this case, the plaintiff, Fletcher, sued Rylands, the defendant, for damages caused by the flooding of Fletcher's coal mine, resulting from a reservoir built by Rylands. The court held Rylands liable, even though he had not been negligent in constructing the reservoir, because the activity was considered "non-natural" and had the potential to cause harm. This decision laid the foundation for the modern concept of strict liability, which holds that a person can be held liable for damages resulting from certain activities, even if they were not negligent if those activities pose a risk to others.
To know more about the strict liability visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13612859
#SPJ11
what is the maximum fine that may be imposed for a first time violation of the florida fairhousing act?
Answer:
The maximum fine that may be imposed for a first-time violation of the Florida Fair Housing Act (FFHA) is $10,000. The FFHA prohibits discrimination in housing on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status, and disability.
If a person or entity is found to have violated the FFHA, they may be subject to penalties including fines, injunctive relief, and damages for any harm caused to the victim(s) of discrimination. In the case of a first-time violation, the maximum fine that may be imposed is $10,000. For subsequent violations, the maximum fine increases to $25,000.
It is important to note that the FFHA is enforced by the Florida Commission on Human Relations (FCHR), which investigates complaints of housing discrimination and takes action against violators. Individuals who believe they have been discriminated against in housing based on a protected characteristic covered by the FFHA may file a complaint with the FCHR.
Explanation:
Themaxi mum fine that may be imposed for a first-time violation of the Florida Fair Housing Act is $10,000. This penalty is meant to discourage discrimination in housing and ensure equal opportunity for all residents.
The Fair Housing Act is a federal law in the United States that prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, disability, and familial status. The law was enacted in 1968 as part of the Civil Rights Act, in response to widespread housing discrimination against minorities, particularly African Americans, who were often denied access to housing based on their race or ethnicity.
Under the Fair Housing Act, it is illegal for landlords, real estate agents, and lenders to discriminate against individuals or families based on any of the protected characteristics listed above. The law also prohibits practices such as steering, which involves directing members of a particular group to specific neighborhoods or housing options based on their race or other protected characteristics.
Learn more about fair housing act here:
https://brainly.com/question/31423803
#SPJ11
a concise statement of the substantial issue that needs to be decided in a case is known as a(n) _____
A concise statement of the substantial issue that needs to be decided in a case is known as a "legal issue."
A legal issue is a question of law that must be resolved by a court in order to determine the outcome of a case. It is a fundamental question that goes to the heart of the matter and defines the scope of the case. Legal issues can be framed in different ways, but they are always focused on the key questions that need to be resolved in order to make a decision.
The ability to identify and frame legal issues is an important skill for lawyers and judges, as it helps to clarify the issues and make the decision-making process more efficient. Explore the nature and importance of legal issues, and provide examples of how they are used in legal cases. It would also discuss the role of legal precedent in shaping the way legal issues are framed and resolved.
To know more about Legal Issues visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31633736
#SPJ11
based on the u.s. constitution, which part of government was intended to hold the least power?
Based on the U.S. Constitution, the part of government that was intended to hold the least power is the judicial branch.
The framers designed the Constitution to create a system of checks and balances, and they believed that the judicial branch should have a more limited role compared to the executive and legislative branches. The judicial branch, which includes the Supreme Court and lower federal courts, is primarily responsible for interpreting laws and ensuring they are in line with the Constitution.
Learn more about U.S. Constitution, at brainly.com/question/29423004
#SPJ11
from 1999-2008, women's arrest rates for ________ increased.
Answer: robbery
Explanation: robbery, larceny/theft, drug offenses. A strong and consistent gender gap in political attitudes ...
From 1999-2008, women's arrest rates for violent offenses increased.
According to data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, between 1999 and 2008, women's arrest rates for violent crimes, such as aggravated assault and robbery, increased by 24%.
This increase in violent offenses committed by women has been attributed to a variety of factors, including changes in law enforcement practices, the growing number of women in gangs, and the increased reporting of domestic violence.
Despite the increase in arrest rates for violent crimes, women still represent a small proportion of the overall number of arrests for these offenses, with men accounting for the majority of arrests.
To know more about violent offenses, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/29471796#
#SPJ11
A citation to 42 U.S.C. § 1981 means that the statute is in Section 1981 of Title 42 of the United States Code
When a citation to 42 U.S.C. § 1981 is made, it means that the statute being referred to is located in Section 1981 of Title 42 of the United States Code.
The United States Code is a compilation of federal laws organized by subject matter.
Title 42 of the United States Code deals with public health and welfare, and Section 1981 specifically relates to equal rights under the law.
This statute prohibits discrimination based on race or ethnicity in contracts, including employment contracts.
It is important to note that while federal law applies to all states, individual states may also have their own anti-discrimination laws that offer additional protections.
learn more about laws here:brainly.com/question/6590381
#SPJ11
describe the arguments advocates of creationism/intelligent
design have with evolution. Then, describe how an advocate of
evolution would debate those arguments. Finally, outline an
advocate of evolut
The basic premise of intelligent design (ID) is ostensibly scientific, and its proponents describe it as "an evidence-based scientific theory about life's origins.
"Intelligent design (ID) is a pseudo-scientific argument for God's existence: According to proponents, the creation of modern life on Earth necessitated the direct intervention of an "intelligent designer" rather than the use of scientifically established processes of evolution. The common ancestry of all life is reflected in DNA and the genetic code. DNA examinations can show how related species are.
Bio geography. Evolution and geological change are reflected in the unique characteristics of island species and the organisms' global distribution. Intelligent design, on the other hand, is a less complete alternative to evolutionary theory. ID does not provide any descriptions of the design process or the designer, whereas evolution relies on processes that are well-defined and detailed, such as mutation and natural selection.
Learn more about Advocates:
brainly.com/question/29891729
#SPJ4
Incomplete question:
describe the arguments advocates of creationism/intelligent design have with evolution. Then, describe how an advocate of evolution would debate those arguments. Finally, outline an advocate of evolution arguments against creationism/intelligent design.
Compare and contrast the major aspects of Crime Scene Technology discussed.
Investigators unearth physical evidence to assist establish what happened and who was involved by conducting a systematic examination of the crime scene. This process must be carried out carefully and extensively to ensure that critical evidence is captured while fragile evidence is not destroyed.
The case investigator and crime scene employees collaborate to define and secure locations that may contain evidence, investigate and document the scene, gather physical evidence, and preserve, package, and submit the evidence to the laboratory for processing at a crime scene.
The investigator can attempt to reconstruct the aspects of the crime using these important pieces of evidence. The more thorough the crime scene crew is in its work, the more probable it is to get it right.
To learn more on Crime Scene, here:
https://brainly.com/question/5151126
#SPJ1
Which of the following is an example of a policy that is based on the singular ideal perspective?a. legal reform that makes it easier for couples to file for divorceb. a government-funded child-care program to help single mothers c. the legal recognition of same-sex marriages in a stated. a government-funded marriage promotion program
The best alternative is option D, a government-funded marriage promotion program. This policy is based on the singular ideal perspective, which assumes that marriage is the ideal family structure and promotes it as a solution to societal issues.
the singular ideal perspective emphasizes the importance of marriage as a social institution and believes that it should be protected and promoted by the government. This perspective also assumes that marriage is the best way to raise children and promote social stability. In contrast, options A, B, and C are not based on the singular ideal perspective. Legal reform to make it easier for couples to file for divorce and a government-funded child-care program for single mothers are policies that recognize the diversity of family structures and aim to support families in various forms. The legal recognition of same-sex marriages is a policy that recognizes the equal rights of all individuals regardless of sexual orientation. In conclusion, a government-funded marriage promotion program is an example of a policy based on the singular ideal perspective, which prioritizes marriage as the ideal family structure and promotes it as a solution to societal issues.
to know more about social institution visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28539435
#SPJ11
which statement about the standards for expert witness in federal or state courts is true? 1. the daubert standard is not used in state courts. 2. the frye standard may be used in some state courts. 3. the frye standard is used in federal courts. 4. the daubert standard precedes (in time) the frye standard.
The correct statement about the standards for expert witness in federal or state courts is that the frye standard may be used in some state courts.
The Frye standard is an older standard than the Daubert standard and it requires that expert testimony must be based on principles that are generally accepted within the relevant scientific community. The Daubert standard, on the other hand, is a more recent standard that was established by a Supreme Court decision in 1993. It requires the court to act as a gatekeeper to ensure that any expert testimony is based on reliable scientific methodology. While the Daubert standard is used in federal courts, some state courts may still rely on the Frye standard.
To know more about State courts refer :
brainly.com/question/31453099
#SPJ11
in the u. s. government survey system, which lines run parallel to the principal base line?
In the U.S. government survey system, the lines that run parallel to the principal base line are the Range lines.
The U.S. government survey system, also known as the Public Land Survey System (PLSS), was developed by the federal government in the late 1700s to survey and divide public lands for sale and settlement.
The system divides land into a series of townships, each six miles square, and these townships are further divided into sections, each one mile square. The principal base line is a designated east-west line, while the range lines are north-south lines that run parallel to it.
Each range is numbered relative to the principal base line, with the ranges to the west being designated as west ranges, and the ranges to the east as east ranges. The PLSS remains an important reference system for land ownership, boundaries, and legal descriptions in the United States today.
To know more about survey system, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/14325374#
#SPJ11
Copyright applies to all forms of media and protects all artists. For example, have you ever copied any music from a friend? If so, can you justify not having paid for the music? Is it hypocritical to think that it's not okay for people to use your photographs without paying? Would it be a matter of who is using your photographs or how they are using them?
Offering an impartial perspective on copyright regulations, it is widely understood that such legislation bears upon all types of media and looks to preserve the privileges of those who author creative material.
What are the ethical implications?To callously exploit copyrighted creations without prior consent or recompense, yet expect remuneration for your own works, would be sheer duplicity.
Unapproved utilization of copyrighted snaps, regardless of the user objectives or end-user, remains a severe contravention of the photo artist's entitlements.
Read more about copyrights here:
https://brainly.com/question/27516398
#SPJ1
a(n) _____ is a commitment with certain terms made to another party.
Acceptance is a commitment with certain terms made to another party.
Bilateral contracts are those where each party makes a promise in exchange for the other's promise, whereas unilateral contracts are those where one party makes a promise and the other executes an act. These verbal or written promises must be binding under law.
The need for informed consent may be waived voluntarily, in cases of life-threatening emergency, when the patient is incapable, or when there is insufficient time to do so. Territorial borders are a distinguishing feature of statehood because they represent a means of controlling the people, things, and physical space that are located there. Power is the capacity of a government to exercise control over an individual or a business.
To learn more about Acceptance, click here.
https://brainly.com/question/3745154
#SPJ1
plaintiff purchased a used car from defendant. at the time of the sale, plaintiff did not know that the car had defective brakes. while driving the car, plaintiff crashed into a taxi that was going faster than the speed limit. plaintiff sues defendant in federal district court in colorado for personal injury, damage to property, and misrepresentation. the jury returns a verdict for plaintiff on all counts. plaintiff then sues taxi driver in a separate action in federal district court in new jersey for personal injury and property damage. taxi driver raises the affirmative defense of claim preclusion, citing the judgment of the colorado federal court, and moves for summary judgment on that basis. which statement provides the best explanation of how the new jersey federal court should resolve the motion?
The New Jersey federal court should grant the taxi driver's motion for summary judgment based on claim preclusion. Claim preclusion, also known as res judicata, prevents a plaintiff from bringing a claim that has already been litigated and resulted in a final judgment on the merits.
In this case, the Colorado federal court already adjudicated the plaintiff's claims against the defendant for personal injury, property damage, and misrepresentation. The judgment was a final decision on the merits, meaning the plaintiff cannot bring those same claims against the taxi driver in the New Jersey federal court.
The plaintiff's argument that the taxi driver's actions were a superseding cause of the accident and therefore not litigated in the Colorado federal court is not a valid exception to claim preclusion. The Colorado federal court already decided that the defendant was liable for the defective brakes, which contributed to the accident. The taxi driver's speed is not a new fact or issue that was not litigated in the previous case.
Therefore, the New Jersey federal court should apply claim preclusion and grant the taxi driver's motion for summary judgment, barring the plaintiff from bringing the same claims against the taxi driver that were already litigated and decided in the Colorado federal court.
Learn more about claim preclusion here:
https://brainly.com/question/24248851
#SPJ11
Which of the following conditions would permit a court to invalidate a contract on grounds of unilateral mistake? (Check ALL that apply.)
a. The mistake was caused by an accidental clerical error.
b. One of the parties made a mistake that was so trivial that the contract is conscionable.
c. One party made a mistake about a material fact, and the other party knew about the mistake.
d. The mistake resulted from gross negligence.
Answer:
None of the above
Explanation:
None of the conditions listed would permit a court to invalidate a contract on the grounds of unilateral mistake. The conditions that could permit a court to invalidate a contract on grounds of unilateral mistake are:
a. One party made a mistake about a material fact, and the other party knew or had reason to know about the mistake.
b. The mistake was so serious that the contract is unconscionable, that is, so unreasonable that it is outrageous.
This eliminates answer choices A and B. Option C is not correct because it states that only one party made a mistake about a material fact, and the other party knew about the mistake. In a situation of unilateral mistake, only one party makes a mistake, and the other party is not aware of the mistake or does not have reason to know about it. If the other party knew or had reason to know about the mistake, then it may not be a case of unilateral mistake and the contract may not be invalidated on those grounds.
Option D is not correct because the mistake resulting from gross negligence is not typically considered a valid ground for a court to invalidate a contract on the grounds of unilateral mistake. In general, the courts will only permit the invalidation of a contract for unilateral mistake where the mistake was caused by a serious error or misunderstanding of a material fact that was not within the reasonable knowledge or contemplation of the mistaken party at the time of contracting. Mistakes resulting from gross negligence or carelessness, on the other hand, are generally viewed as the responsibility of the mistaken party, and will not typically provide grounds for contract invalidation.
enacted in 1963, the ______ requires employers to provide equal pay for substantially equal work.
Enacted in 1963, the Equal Pay Act (EPA) requires employers to provide equal pay for substantially equal work, regardless of an individual's gender.
The purpose of the EPA is to eliminate the gender pay gap, which has persisted for decades and remains a significant issue in the workplace.
The EPA applies to all employers who are covered by the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and prohibits them from discriminating against employees based on their sex by paying different wages for similar work. This Act mandates that employers must provide equal pay for substantially equal work performed by employees, regardless of their gender. The purpose of the law is to eliminate wage disparities based on sex and promote fairness in the workplace.However, it is important to note that the EPA only applies to jobs that require equal skill, effort, and responsibility, and that are performed under similar working conditions. Additionally, there are exceptions to the EPA, such as when a pay differential is based on seniority, merit, productivity, or other factors not related to an employee's gender.Know more about the Equal Pay Act (EPA)
https://brainly.com/question/30626514
#SPJ11