Neon and sodium differ by 1 proton (Neon has 10, Sodium 11) but they react VERY differently. Why does this small change cause such a big effect?

The atomic number, which is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus, controls the electrons in the atoms, which in turn control the chemistry.

The periodic table is all about chemistry, for one simple reason. The atomic number, which is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus, controls the electrons in the atoms, which in turn control the chemistry.

The atomic number is what distinguishes an element.

Additionally, if we have two distinct isotopes of the same element, their atom types will differ.

As a result, there is significant power in using isotopic systems that only use one element, as demonstrated by the analysis of the three oxygen isotopes (16O, 17O, 18O), which have different properties, should be treated as different types of atoms in an atoms table.

As each isotope of an element is listed as a different species, the chart of the nuclides can be thought of as a "chart of atoms."

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The reported value of adding 4.56 g to 0.01860 g to the correct significant figures will be 4.58 g.

According to one of the rules guiding addition operation in significant figures., the number with the lowest significant figure to the right of the decimal place determines the number of significant figures in the final answer.

Thus, in operation: 4.56 + 0.01860, the number with the lowest significant figures to the right of the decimal place is 4.56 with 2 significant figures after the decimal place.

In other words, the final answer of the operation will also have two significant figures after the decimal.

Hence;

                     4.56 + 0.01860 = 4.58 g

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Structures that can be drawn to represent the covalent bonding in a molecule that has more than one position in the molecule for a multiple bond are known as Position Isomers.

Position isomers are isomers with same chemical formula but the functional group is attached to different position of carbon in different structures.

Example-

Hex1-ene , Hex2-ene, Hex3-ene are position isomers with double bond on first, second and third carbon respectively as shown below-

[tex]CH_2= CH-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3\\CH_3-CH=CH-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3\\CH_3-CH_2-CH=CH-CH_2-CH_3[/tex]

Other examples are pent1-yne and pent2-yne where triple bond is on first and second carbon respectively.

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The diameter of the nucleus in angstrom, given the data is 1×10⁻⁵ angstrom

1 nm = 10 angstrom

The following data were obtained from the question:

1 m = 1×10⁹ nm

Therefore,

1×10⁻¹⁵ m = (1×10⁻¹⁵ m × 1×10⁹ nm) / 1 m

1×10⁻¹⁵ m = 1×10⁻⁶ nm

1 nm = 10 angstrom

Therefore,

1×10⁻⁶ nm = (1×10⁻⁶ nm × 10 angstrom) / 1 nm

1×10⁻⁶ nm = 1×10⁻⁵ angstrom

Thus, the diameter of the nucleus in angstrom is 1×10⁻⁵ angstrom

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The atomic theory have been developed over the years by the works of many scientists.

The atomic theory is the series of postulations that sought to explain the behavior of the atom. The study of the atom started as far back as the time of Democritus and Aristotle.

The first empirical study of the nature of the atom started with the work of John Dalton when he proposed the famous Dalton's theory. Further empirical work was carried out by J.J Thompson which gave rise to the plum pudding model of the atoms.

The work of Ernest Rutherford introduced the planetary model of the atom which was latter replaced by the Bohr model based on energy levels. Today, the work of Erwin Schrödinger has led us to the appreciation of the wave mechanical model of the atoms which is the mot accepted model for the atom today.

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The mass percentage of each compound in the mixture is as follows:

mass percentage of Lithium chloride, LiCl = 14.11%

mass percentage of Lithium carbonate, Li₂CO₃ = 42.82%

mass percentage of lithium nitrate, LiNO₃ = 43.09%

The mass percentage of each compound in the mixture is calculated as follows:

Assuming the mixture consists of 1 mole of each of lithium chloride, LiCl, lithium carbonate, Li₂CO₃, and lithium nitrate, LiNO₃

Total mole of lithium = 4 moles

Total moles of oxygen = 6 moles

Total moles of Chloride = 1 mole

Total moles of Nitrogen = 1 mole

Li = 14.19 %

CI = 10.56%

C = 6.198 %

O = 59.06%

N = 10.01%

The mass percentage of each compound in the mixture will be:

mass percentage of Lithium chloride, LiCl = 14.19%/4 + 10.56% = 14.11%

mass percentage of Lithium carbonate, Li₂CO₃ = 2 * (14.19 %/4) + 6.198 % + 3 * (59.06%/6) = 42.82%

mass percentage of lithium nitrate, LiNO₃ = 14.19 %/4 + 10.01% + 3 * (59.06%/6) = 43.09%

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Answer:

At the high temperature at the bottom of the furnace,carbon to produce carbon monoxide

Explanation:

The coke (essentially impure carbon) burns in the blast of the hot air to form carbon dioxide - a strongly exothermic reaction. This reaction is the main source of heat in the furnace

The products of the acid-base reaction between chloric acid [tex](HClO_{3})[/tex], and lithium hydroxide [tex](LiOH)[/tex], are water [tex](H_{2}O)[/tex] and lithium chlorate [tex](LiClO_{3} )[/tex]

An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base producing salt and water. It is a double-replacement reaction where ions exchange their positions.

The general equation of an acid-base reaction is as follows.

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

The H(+) cation of the acid combines with the OH(-) anion of the base to form water. The compound formed by the cation of the base and the anion of the acid is called a salt.

For the reaction between chloric acid [tex](HClO_{3})[/tex], and lithium hydroxide [tex](LiOH)[/tex], the H(+) cation of the acid [tex](HClO_{3})[/tex] combines with the OH(-) anion of the base [tex](LiOH)[/tex] to form water. The compound formed by the cation of the base [tex](LiOH)[/tex] and the anion of the acid [tex](HClO_{3})[/tex] is lithium chlorate.

[tex]H^{+}+ ClO_{3}^{-} +Li^{+} +OH^{-} = LiClO_{3} + H_{2}O[/tex]

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ΔSsys  and ΔSsurr both have values larger than 0.

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Answer:

200J or 196J

Explanation:

mass = 10kg

gravity = 9.8 or 10 ( the answer might vary if u take either 10 or 9.8 as the gravitational value )

height = 2 meter

p.e= mgh

option 1

10×10×2 = 200 Joules

option 2

10×9.8×2 = 196 Joules

better to take 9.8 as gravitational value

hope it helps

The equation below is photosynthesis .

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → [tex]C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}[/tex] + 6O₂

Water and carbon dioxide are converted into food by the process of photosynthesis , which occurs in the presence of sunlight in plants and photosynthetic bacteria . They create oxygen as a byproduct and glucose as the food . The photosynthesis equation is given as ,

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → [tex]C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}[/tex] + 6O₂

This indicates that the reactants, six carbon dioxide molecules and six water molecules, are transformed into a sugar molecule and six oxygen molecules, the products, by light energy being absorbed by chlorophyll (implied by the arrow).

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The AgCl would be least soluble in 0.1M NaCl

Strength of NaCl Solution = 0.1M

K(sp) AgCl = 1.20 * 10⁻¹⁰

Let solubility of AgCl be 'x'

∴ AgCl ⇔ Ag⁺ + Cl⁻

     x           x       x

∵ NaCl is strong electrolyte and is completely ionized. It shall provide Cl⁻ ion concentration = 0.1 M

[Ag⁺] = x                   [Cl⁻] = (x + 0.1) M

K(sp) = [Ag⁺] [Cl⁻] = x * (x + 0.1) = x² + 0.1x

∵ x << 1    ∴ x² is neglected

       ∴ 1.20 * 10⁻¹⁰ = 0.1x

         ⇒ [tex]x = \frac{1.20 * 10^{-10}}{0.1} = 1.20 * 10^{-9}[/tex]

Solubility of AgCl in 0.1M NaCl = 1.20 * 10⁻⁹M

By above method we find other four parts then we get,

Solubility of AgCl in 0.1M HCl = 1.8 * 10⁻¹⁰M

Solubility of AgCl in 0.1M NH₃ = 4.846 * 10⁻³M

Solubility of AgCl in 0.1M CaCl₂ = 1.8 * 10⁻¹⁰M

Solubility of AgCl in Pure Water = 1.5 * 10⁻¹⁰M

The order of solubility of AgCl in 1. 0.1M HNO₃. 2. 0.1M HCl. 3. 0.1M NH₃. 4. 0.1M CaCl₂. 5. Pure Water :-

0.1M NaCl < Pure Water < 0.1M HCl = 0.1M CaCl₂ < 0.1M NH₃

Thus, the AgCl would be least soluble in 0.1M NaCl

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A pure substance has definite composition and constant properties in all of the sample

Characteristics and Properties Of Pure Substances

Thus we can conclude that  a pure substance has definite composition in all of the sample

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Answer:

Explanation:

Organs are more complex units than tissues. An organ is an organization of several different kinds of tissues so arranged that together they can perform a special function.

There are more tissues in our body. Tissues are collections of comparable cells that collaborate to carry out particular functions.

Thus, cells are of the same type or different types, they work together to complete a certain mission.

Epithelial tissue, which lines the skin and organs, muscle tissue, which enables movement, and nerve tissue, which transmits electrical signals are a few examples of tissues.

Organs are structures consisting of two or more distinct tissue types that cooperate to carry out a certain function or group of functions in the body. Organs have certain shapes and purposes. Heart is one instance of an organ.

Thus, There are more tissues in our body. Tissues are collections of comparable cells that collaborate to carry out particular functions.

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[tex]HClO_4 + NaOH[/tex]   →    [tex]NaClO_4 + H_2O[/tex]    Is the net ionic reaction when sodium hydroxide and hypochlorous acid is combined.

When the combine acid and base, neutralization reaction occurs which results in formation of salt and water because

          Acid + Base     →       Salt + Water

This reaction is known as neutralization reaction.

Here, Sodium hydroxide is base and hypochlorous acid is an acid .

So salt [tex]NaClO_4[/tex] and water is formed.

This reaction is also an example of double displacement reaction.

[tex]HClO_4 and NaOH[/tex]  breaks into [tex]H^{+} , ClO_4^{-} and Na^{+} , OH^{-}[/tex] ions respectively and displaces other ion from other compound.

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Answer:

5 g

Explanation:

50/10 = 5,

25/5 = 5grams

hope this works: )

Answer:

\ \

=o + H+ ----> =o

/- /

conjugate acid is the product that is differ from the base by one proton

0.0105 mol of non-electrolyte solute, with 297.14 g/mol molar mass, is dissolved in water to make a 0.0488 M solution.

Given:

Osmotic pressure is expressed mathematically as π=M*R*T. The concentration of the solution "M" should be expressed in molarity, mol/L. Through the use of the formula, let us solve for the concentration of the solution. The osmotic pressure must be converted to atm.

Conversion factor: 1 atm has 760 torr.

913 torr * (1 atm/760 torr) = 1.20131 atm

π = 1.20131 atm = M*(0.08206 L-atm/mol-K)*(300 K)

M = 0.0488 M

From the molar concentration of the solution, we can solve for the number of moles of the solute.

M = mol solute / volume solution

mol solute = M * volume solution

mol solute = 0.0488 M * (215 mL) * (1 L/1000 mL)

mol solute = 0.0105 mol

Then, we can solve for the molar mass of the solute.

molar mass solute = mass solute / mol solute

molar mass solute = 3.12 g / 0.0105 mol

molar mass solute = 297.14 g/mol

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CaCl2 has a stronger ionic bond than KCl because Ca+2 is smaller than K+ in size.

A stable link formed by the complete transfer of the valence electron is known as an ionic bond. This kind of interaction results in the formation of positive ions, also known as cations, and negative ions, also known as anions.

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The significant digits are

4 significant digits (addition) = -3.220g

subtract: -5.820g, which has four significant digits.

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The molecules in a 5.15 g sample of dimethylmercury is 1.32 x 10²².

Dimethylmercury is a highly volatile, toxic liquid, which is reactive and colourless. Its molecular formula is C₂H₆Hg. It is used in NMR instruments for calibration. It has risks involved, so it has few applications and used in a lesser quantity.

Dimethylmercury C₂H₆Hg has a molecular mass of -

Molecular mass = (12x2) x (1x6) x 200.59 = 230.6 g/mol

Now,

number of moles in 5.15 g of dimethylmercury =  5.15   = 0.022 mol

                                                                                 230.6

1 mole of dimethylmercury contains 6.022 x 10²³ molecules

So, 0.022 moles of dimethylmercury contains 0.022 x (6.022 x 10²³) = 1.32 x 10²² molecules

Molecules contained in 5.15 g sample of dimethylmercury is

1.32 x 10²²

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According to Avogadro’s law, the number of moles of each gas is same in the two different containers of same size at same temperature and pressure conditions.

According to Avogadro’s law, equal volume of different gases at same temperature and pressure conditions have equal number of molecules. At standard temperature and pressure conditions, Avogadro's law states that 6.022 x [tex]10^2^3[/tex] molecules of gas is present in 22.4L.

1 mole of gas is equal to the number of atoms of the elements that make up the gas. According to Avogadro’s law, 1 mole of gas contains 6.022 x [tex]10^2^3[/tex] molecules. Therefore, the number of moles of the different gases at same temperature and pressure conditions is same.

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Answer:

When we dissolve sugar into water, the particles of sugar occupy the spaces between the molecules of water and eventually all the sugar disappears.

Explanation:

Answer:

you can see tiny bits of sugar become wet

Explanation:

then, you can see particles of sugar expand everywhere.

Through unit conversion, it has been determined that a crystal of sugar contains 45,000 atoms.

The problem can be solved through unit conversion. The atoms of the table sugar, with a molecular formula of C12H22O11, are 12 carbon atoms, 22 hydrogen atoms, and 11 oxygen atoms. As stated in the problem, a molecule of sugar has 45 atoms and a crystal of sugar has 1000 molecules.

In solving for the number of atoms in a sugar crystal, we will be getting the product between the number of molecules per crystal of sugar to the number of atoms per molecule.

(1000 molecules of sugar/crystal of sugar) * (45 atoms of sugar/molecule of sugar) = 45,000 atoms of sugar/crystal of sugar.

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This style of boldface writing has a few authorized applications. In general, style manuals advise against using it to emphasize. Italics and sentence structure are used for this. It is preferable to utilize boldface text sparingly because it might be aesthetically obtrusive.

Often boldfaced and larger than the surrounding text, titles, headers, and subheadings are used. For instance, the heading "Titles and headings" in this section is bold. This is typical for web publishing.

Boldface is frequently used in textbooks, manuals, and various types of web writing to draw attention to the first occurrence of a crucial keyword that is crucial to the topic of a chapter or article. For instance, in our article on the distinction between program and programme, we boldfaced the text to draw attention to the first occurrence of each keyword (i.e., program and programme). Later, the words do not appear in boldface.

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The correct dimensional analysis for the conversion of 14,612 mL to daL  is shown in option A.

Many times, it important to determine the value of measurement across different units. This is why we need to convert from on unit to another. Such a conversion is made possible by the use of a conversion factor.

Now we know that there is a conversion factor that could be used to convert mL to daL. This conversion factor has to be laid out in a way that is dimensionally correct so that the units could cancel out.

The correct dimensional analysis for the conversion of 14,612 mL to daL  is shown in option A.

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Answer:

Amigo esta es mi respuesta

Explanation:

No entiendo