Limitations and applicability of organizational behaviour model

The total depreciation charges through 2017 is option A. $3,945,957.

To determine the total depreciation charges for Paragon Properties' shopping center through 2017, we need to consider the following information:

1. The shopping center's cost, including land, was $50 million in 2010.
2. The land was purchased for $5 million.
3. Leasing space began in July 2014.
4. The property was sold in November 2017.

It can be explained as follows:
Step 1: Calculate the depreciable cost of the shopping center.
Depreciable Cost = Total Cost - Land Cost
Depreciable Cost = $50 million - $5 million = $45 million

Step 2: Determine the depreciation period.
Assuming the shopping center has a useful life of 39 years (which is common for commercial properties in the U.S.), the depreciation period started in July 2014 and ended in November 2017. This is a period of 3 years and 5 months (July 2014 to November 2017).

Step 3: Calculate the annual depreciation.
Annual Depreciation = Depreciable Cost / Useful Life
Annual Depreciation = $45 million / 39 years = $1,153,846 per year

Step 4: Calculate the total depreciation charges through 2017.
For the first year (July 2014 - June 2015), there are 12 months of depreciation.
For the second and third years (July 2015 - June 2017), there are 24 months of depreciation.
For the last year (July 2017 - November 2017), there are 5 months of depreciation.

Total Depreciation = (12 + 24 + 5) months / 12 months per year * Annual Depreciation
Total Depreciation = 41 months / 12 months per year * $1,153,846 per year
Total Depreciation = 3.42 years * $1,153,846 per year = $3,945,957

So, the total depreciation charges through 2017 for Paragon Properties' shopping center are approximately $3,945,957.

The options are A. $3,945,957 $3,848,400 C. $4,615,200 D. $3,563,100

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To determine the accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2023, we need to calculate the annual depreciation expense first. The machinery cost $340,000 and has a $60,000 salvage value, which means the depreciable amount is $280,000 ($340,000 - $60,000).Since the useful life is 5 years,

the annual depreciation expense is $56,000 ($280,000 ÷ 5). Next, we need to determine the depreciation expense for 2022 and 2023. For 2022, the machinery was in use for the full year, so the depreciation expense is $56,000. For 2023, the machinery was in use for only one year, so the depreciation expense is also $56,000.

Therefore, the total accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2023 is $112,000 ($56,000 + $56,000). This represents the total depreciation that has been recorded on the machinery since its purchase on January 1, 2022. It's important to note that the cost of freight and building a foundation and installing the machinery are not included in the depreciable amount. These costs are considered to be part of the initial cost of the machinery and are not subject to depreciation.

In conclusion, the amount of accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2023, using the straight-line method of depreciation, is $112,000.

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A(n) increase in the loan interest rate and a(n) decrease in the loan duration will increase the monthly auto loan payment.

When the loan interest rate increases, it means the borrower will be charged a higher percentage of interest on the loan amount. This leads to an increase in the total interest paid over the loan term. With a higher interest rate, the monthly payment needs to cover not only the principal amount but also the increased interest charges, resulting in a larger monthly payment.

Similarly, when the loan duration is decreased, the borrower has a shorter timeframe to repay the loan. This means the principal amount needs to be paid off in a shorter period, resulting in higher monthly payments. The shorter loan duration compresses the repayment schedule, requiring the borrower to make larger monthly payments to meet the accelerated repayment timeline.

Therefore, an increase in the loan interest rate and a decrease in the loan duration will both contribute to an increase in the monthly auto loan payment, as borrowers will need to allocate more funds each month to cover the principal and the higher interest charges within a shorter timeframe.

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The policy decisions are politically expedient but not economically appropriate mention below

A. Creating changes in aggregate demand.

B. Large tax cuts during a time of economic prosperity.

C. Increased government spending on pet projects.

These policy decisions are often seen as politically expedient but not necessarily economically appropriate as they may not be based on sound economic principles and can result in negative consequences in the long run.

Policy decisions are choices made by governments, organizations, or individuals to address specific issues or achieve certain goals. These decisions may involve the implementation of new laws, regulations, or procedures, or the allocation of resources such as funding, personnel, or technology. Policy decisions can have significant impacts on various aspects of society, including economic, social, environmental, and political systems

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Full Question: Which of the following policy decisions are politically expedient but not economically appropriate? (Select all that apply.)

A. Creating changes in aggregate demand.

B. Large tax cuts during a time of economic prosperity.

C. Increased government spending on pet projects.

D. Preventing unnecessary economic fluctuations.

Savings bond, the present worth (PV) can be calculated using the formula:

PV = FV / (1 + i)^n

We can calculate the present worth of the savings bond as follows:

PV = $10,000 / (1 + 0.05) ^ 5

= $7,671.78

For the CD, we can use the formula for the future value (FV) of a lump sum investment with annual compounding:

Calculation of future value of the CD as follows:

FV = $7,500 × (1 + 0.0625) ^ 5

= $9,772.16

To calculate the present worth of the CD, we need to discount the future value back to the present value using the same formula as for the savings bond:

PV = $9,772.16 / (1 + 0.05) ^ 5

= $7,348.56

Comparing the two present worth values, we can see that the savings bond has a higher present worth, so it would be the better investment. Therefore, if your personal MARR is 5% per year, the U.S. Government savings bond would be the better investment compared to the 60-month CD offered by the local bank.

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Answer:

C. offering database development and design services

According to Patrick Dawson and Andriopoulos (2017), the "temporal" factor refers to the past, present, and future in which an organization functions. Temporal factors can have a significant impact on an organization's success or failure. Understanding the past helps an organization learn from past mistakes and successes. Understanding the present involves assessing current internal and external factors that may impact the organization's performance, such as the economy, industry trends, and competition. Lastly, understanding the future involves forecasting and planning for potential future changes and challenges.

Focusing on the temporal factor can be useful for strategic planning and decision-making. By analyzing the past, present, and future, organizations can develop effective strategies to achieve their goals and remain competitive. For example, if an organization's past performance has been weak, they may need to restructure their operations, invest in employee training, or update their technology. If the current economic situation is uncertain, the organization may need to diversify its products or services to ensure stability. Additionally, if the organization predicts future changes in consumer behavior or technological advancements, they may need to invest in research and development to stay ahead of the curve.

Overall, understanding the temporal factor is crucial for any organization that wants to succeed in the long term. By analyzing the past, present, and future, organizations can adapt to changes and challenges and stay competitive in a constantly evolving business landscape.

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Agreeing to the fixed-price contract reduces operating leverage and business risk, but eliminates profitability. The present value of the machine with the contract is zero.

A. If you agree to the fixed-price contract, your operating leverage will decrease, and your business risk will also decrease. Operating leverage refers to the ratio of fixed costs to variable costs in a company's operations. By agreeing to a fixed-price contract, you are reducing the variable cost component of your business. This reduction in variable costs will result in a decrease in the operating leverage of your company, as the proportion of fixed costs in the company's operations will increase. This shift towards fixed costs will lead to a decrease in the overall business risk of the company, as the company's profitability will be less sensitive to changes in revenues.

B. The present value of the perpetual encapsulator machine can be calculated using the discounted cash flow (DCF) method. Without the fixed-price contract, the annual revenues of the company are $20 million, and the variable cost component is 50% of the revenues, which is $10 million. Thus, the annual cash flow generated by the machine is $10 million. Using a discount rate of 9%, the present value of the machine is:

PV = $10 million / 0.09 = $111.11 million

With the fixed-price contract, the company's raw material costs are fixed at $10 million per year, and the annual cash flow generated by the machine is $10 million (revenues) - $10 million (fixed costs) = $0 million. In other words, the company is generating zero cash flows from operations. Using a discount rate of 6%, the present value of the machine is:

PV = $0 million / 0.06 = $0

As you can see, the fixed-price contract reduces the present value of the machine to zero. This is because the fixed-price contract eliminates the variable cash flows generated by the machine, and the company is left with only fixed costs. Therefore, the fixed-price contract is not a financially viable option for the company, as it eliminates the profitability of the machine.

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The collapse of Sachsen LB in Germany in 2007 had significant effects on the overall economy, both on a regional and global scale. Sachsen LB was a German public-sector bank that faced severe difficulties due to its exposure to the US subprime mortgage market.

The bank had invested heavily in mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) that were linked to the US housing market, which collapsed in 2007. The immediate effect of the Sachsen LB collapse was a loss of confidence in the German banking sector. Investors and depositors became concerned about the stability of other banks with similar investments, leading to a tightening of credit conditions and a reduction in lending activities.

This, in turn, contributed to an economic slowdown in Germany and the wider Eurozone, as businesses and consumers faced challenges in accessing credit. On a global scale, the collapse of Sachsen LB was one of the early indicators of the impending financial crisis that would become known as the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) of 2008. The failure of Sachsen LB, along with similar failures of other financial institutions worldwide, highlighted the systemic risks in the global financial system, and the interconnectedness of markets and institutions.

To summarize, the collapse of Sachsen LB in 2007 had far-reaching effects on the overall economy. It contributed to a loss of confidence in the banking sector in Germany and the Eurozone, leading to an economic slowdown. Furthermore, it served as a harbinger of the Global Financial Crisis that followed in 2008, impacting economies on a global scale.

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An increase in the quantity supplied can result from an increase in price.

When the price of a product increases, suppliers are more willing to produce and supply a higher quantity of the product to the market, since they can potentially earn more profit. On the other hand, decreased demand and decreased demand are not directly responsible for an increase in the quantity supplied.

An increase in the quantity supplied refers to a movement along the supply curve, caused by a change in price. As the price of a good or service increases, suppliers are willing to produce and offer more of it in the market to take advantage of the higher profits. This results in an increase in the quantity supplied.

On the other hand, a decrease in demand refers to a shift in the demand curve caused by factors such as changes in consumer tastes, preferences, and income. When demand for a good or service decreases, the suppliers are less willing to produce and offer it, and this leads to a decrease in the quantity supplied.

An increase in supply refers to a shift in the supply curve caused by factors such as technological advances, changes in input prices, and changes in the number of suppliers.

When the supply curve shifts to the right, suppliers are willing to produce and offer more of the good or service at each price level, which leads to an increase in the quantity supplied.

An increase in the quantity supplied is caused by an increase in price or an increase in supply, while a decrease in demand leads to a decrease in the quantity supplied.

However, an increase in supply can lead to an increase in the quantity supplied, as suppliers are able to produce more of the product at a given price level. In summary, an increase in price and an increase in supply can result in an increase in the quantity supplied.

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The annual depreciation expense for the machinery is $6,150. Option A

To calculate the annual depreciation of the machinery purchased by Stine Company, we need to first determine the cost basis of the machinery.

The cost basis is the purchase price plus any additional costs associated with acquiring and placing the machinery into service.

In this case, the purchase price of the machinery is $96,000, but Stine received a 10% discount from the manufacturer, which reduces the purchase price to $86,400. Additionally, Stine paid $600 for shipping and $4,500 for sales tax, bringing the total cost basis to $91,500.
Next, we need to determine the depreciable basis, which is the cost basis of the machinery minus the estimated residual value.

The estimated residual value in this case is $30,000, so the depreciable basis is $61,500 ($91,500 - $30,000).
Using straight-line depreciation, we divide the depreciable basis by the useful life of the machinery to determine the annual depreciation expense.

In this case, the useful life is 10 years, so the annual depreciation expense is $6,150 ($61,500 ÷ 10 years). Option A
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Without knowing the time taken by the router, it is not possible to provide a specific answer.

To determine the time required on the router for Shelves Unlimited to make a batch of 250 bookshelves, you will need the following information:

1. The time it takes for the router to work on one bookshelf.

Once you have this information, you can calculate the total time required for the router to work on the entire batch of 250 bookshelves.

Here's a step-by-step explanation:

Step 1: Obtain the time it takes for the router to work on one bookshelf.
Let's assume it takes 'x' minutes to complete one bookshelf.

Step 2: Multiply the time for one bookshelf by the total number of bookshelves in the batch.
Total time required = x minutes/bookshelf * 250 bookshelves

Without the exact time taken by the router to work on a single bookshelf, we cannot provide a specific answer. However, once you have that information, you can use the steps above to calculate the total time required for the router to work on a batch of 250 bookshelves.

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To find out the net assets at risk, we need to calculate the maximum amount that could be lost in the event of default on the loan. Net assets at risk would be 72 lakhs.

This is calculated by subtracting the collateral value after haircut from the loan exposure.

Collateral Value = Market Value of Property × (100% - DSV Haircut)

Collateral Value = 90 Lakhs × (100% - 20%)

Collateral Value = 90 Lakhs × 80%

Collateral Value = 72 Lakhs

Net Assets at Risk = Loan Exposure - Collateral Value

Net Assets at Risk = 144 Lakhs - 72 Lakhs

Net Assets at Risk = 72 Lakhs

Therefore, the net assets at risk in this scenario is 72 Lakhs.

It's important to note that the net assets at risk represents the amount of assets that are exposed to potential loss if the borrower defaults on the loan. In this case, if the borrower were to default, the lender would be at risk of losing up to 72 Lakhs.

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Answer:

all of these can influence your spending decision

Since the NPV is negative, it means that the investment in the new equipment is not worth it as the cost of the investment exceeds the present value of the expected cash flows. The company should consider other options or reassess their projections before making a decision on purchasing the equipment.

To calculate the net present value (NPV) of this machine, we need to discount the projected annual net cash flows back to their present value using the present value of an annuity of $1 for each year.

First, we need to calculate the total discounted cash flows for each year:

Year 1: $33,300 / 0.9174 = $36,288.47
Year 2: $33,300 / 1.7591 = $18,917.31
Year 3: $33,300 / 2.5313 = $13,157.62

Next, we need to calculate the total discounted cash flows over the 3-year period:

Total discounted cash flows = $36,288.47 + $18,917.31 + $13,157.62 = $68,363.40

Now, we can calculate the net present value by subtracting the initial cost of the machine from the total discounted cash flows:

NPV = $68,363.40 - $84,000 = -$15,636.60

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The advantage of this type of budget is that it offers cost control and provides a consistent framework for making investment decisions.

Flexible budget: The flexible budget fluctuates based on market conditions and other external factors that could impact research expenses. Its advantage is that it is adaptable to environmental conditions, allowing the organization to stay competitive and make quick adjustments to its research investment.Zero-based budget: In this type of budget, the organization starts from scratch, re-examining its expenses and investments for the fiscal year. The advantage of this type of budget is that it allows for a more thorough review of expenses, eliminating any unnecessary expenditures and allowing for better cost containment.

Business Research Methods is the systematic and objective process of gathering, recording, and analyzing data to provide insight into a business problem. It helps in making better decisions by collecting and analyzing data.

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For scenario 1, where prevailing market interest rates are 7% when the swap is created, and for scenario 2, where prevailing market interest rates are 3% when the swap is created, you would expect the fixed interest rate on the swap to be lower in scenario 2.

This is because the fixed interest rate on an interest rate swap is typically influenced by prevailing market interest rates. When market interest rates are lower, the fixed interest rate on the swap tends to be lower as well, as the party receiving the fixed payments is taking on less risk in the form of potential foregone interest rate savings compared to the prevailing market rates.

For scenario 1, where 12 investors are willing to serve as the counterparty on the swap, and for scenario 2, where 4 investors are willing to serve as the counterparty on the swap, you would expect the fixed interest rate on the swap to be higher in scenario 2. This is because the availability of more counterparty options in scenario 1 indicates higher competition.

For scenario 1, where Hawkeye Bank is based in a country that is known to be politically stable and has not missed a payment on debt obligations in over 30 years, and for scenario 2, where Hawkeye Bank is based in a country known for political instability and constantly makes late payments on debt obligations, you would expect the fixed interest rate on the swap to be lower in scenario 1.

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An example of one of these can be Fox news. Fox News is a news organization with a conservative slant that presents news from a conservative viewpoint.

One benefit of specialized media like Fox News is that it can cater to the preferences and interests of a particular audience. Specialized media can present a distinct viewpoint that may not be featured in mainstream media. For instance conservative viewers might value the chance to read news articles with a conservative slant because it can make them feel more informed and involved.

Specialized media can also have unfavorable effects. It may result in an "echo chamber" where viewers only hear one viewpoint, which could reinforce preexisting biases and impede critical thinking. Specialized media outlets may also spread propaganda and false information which can exacerbate political polarization and undermine trust in more established news organizations.

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Answer: The best choice of supply chain is one that is aligned with the company's marketing strategy and customer needs.

Explanation:

When a company designs its supply chain, it needs to make sure that it can deliver its products or services to the right customers, at the right time and place, and at the right cost. This requires different teams to work together, such as the people who find and buy the raw materials, the ones who make the products, those who handle the transportation and logistics, and the ones who help customers when they have questions or problems.

To be successful, the company needs to understand what its customers want and need. This means that it needs to do research and analyze things like who its customers are, what they like and dislike, and what other companies are offering similar products or services. By doing this, the company can figure out how to make its supply chain work best for its customers, while still being efficient and profitable.

For example, let's say there's a small bakery that wants to deliver fresh bread and pastries to its customers every morning. The bakery needs to figure out how to get the ingredients it needs to make its products, how to make them quickly and consistently, and how to get them to its customers while they're still fresh. It might decide to work with local farmers to get the freshest ingredients, invest in modern baking equipment to make things more quickly and use a delivery service to get things to its customers in time for breakfast. By doing all of this, the bakery can create a supply chain that meets the needs of its customers and helps it stand out from other bakeries in town.

The leadership problems for Department A under Bob's management are mainly due to his overly supportive leadership style. While he is good at building personal relationships with his employees, he fails to provide them with clear targets and guidance on how to perform their tasks.

This leads to ambiguity and insecurity among the workers, who struggle to cope with the ever-changing work environment.

The employees in Department A require a more directive leader who can provide structure and guidance in their daily tasks to address these issues.

On the other hand, Department B under Arthur's management faces a different set of challenges. Arthur employs a directive leadership style, which is not suitable for his employees who already have a good understanding of their tasks and possess an internal locus of control.

This mismatch between Arthur's leadership style and his employees' needs results in the workers feeling uninterested and demotivated.

Department B would benefit from a more supportive leader like Bob, who can focus on the interpersonal relationships and human needs of the employees, creating a better work environment.

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Enforceable by Barbara, because she sent a letter sufficient against herself, which binds Sam unless Sam objects, which he did not. Sam and Barbara negotiate for the sale of 100 acres of land.

Enforcement is often accomplished through coercive means or by utilizing power disparities to constrain action. Some scholars, such as Kate Andrias, have also argued that institutions enforce rules when deciding "when and how to apply" laws and regulations.

Despite the fact that Sam never replied to the letter, the agreement might be understood as being accepted by him because he didn't raise any objections or reply to its requirements. Barbara can thus enforce the contract. The written agreement was formed after the oral agreement and helps to clarify its provisions, thus the parole evidence rule does not apply in this case.

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Assuming that the withdrawals account is a temporary capital account that needs to be closed at the end of the year, the entry to close the withdrawals account would be:

Debit: Withdrawals account for $5,900

Credit: K. Canopy, Capital account for $5,900

This entry effectively transfers the balance of the withdrawals account to the capital account of the owner, K. Canopy.

This reflects the fact that the withdrawals account represents the owner's draws or personal use of business funds, which are not considered expenses of the business. By closing the withdrawals account, the business's financial statements will reflect the true profit or loss of the business for the year.

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The continuous cycle of improving job performance through defining performance, monitoring and evaluating performance, reviewing performance, and providing consequences is known as the performance management cycle.

It is a strategic approach to managing employee performance that aligns organizational goals with individual objectives, and aims to improve employee productivity, engagement, and development.

The performance management cycle begins with setting performance expectations and goals that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound.

Once performance expectations are defined, managers can monitor and evaluate employee performance using various methods such as self-assessments, peer evaluations, and supervisor ratings. This information is then used to review employee performance and provide feedback, coaching, and development opportunities.

Consequences are an integral part of the performance management cycle as they serve as a motivator for employees to achieve their goals and improve their performance.

Consequences can be positive or negative and may include rewards such as bonuses, promotions, and recognition or corrective actions such as training, coaching, and disciplinary measures.

Overall, the performance management cycle is a continuous process that helps organizations to improve employee performance, achieve their goals, and enhance organizational effectiveness.

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This is an example of backward integration. Backward integration is a type of vertical integration strategy in which a company acquires a supplier or manufacturer to control the supply chain and ensure the availability of key inputs or resources.

In this case, STS, Inc. is acquiring one of the brick plants that make the rare type of brick needed to line its kilns. By owning the brick plant, STS, Inc. can ensure a steady supply of the rare brick, control the quality of the brick, and reduce the risk of supply chain disruptions. This type of backward integration is often used by companies to secure critical inputs or resources, reduce costs, and gain greater control over their supply chains.

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This adjustment will decrease the value of inventory on the balance sheet and increase the expense on the income statement, reducing the company's net income.

Based on the information provided, Forester company has five different products in its inventory, with varying quantities, unit costs, unit replacement costs, and unit selling prices. To calculate the carrying value of inventory at December 31, 2021, we need to apply the lower of cost or market (LCM) rule.

To answer the first question, we need to determine the carrying value of each product individually by comparing the unit cost to the unit replacement cost and choosing the lower value. We then multiply the resulting value by the quantity of each product to arrive at the carrying value. After calculating the carrying value for each product, we add them all up to get the total carrying value of the inventory.

To answer the second question, we need to apply the LCM rule to the entire inventory. This means we compare the total cost of the inventory to the total market value of the inventory and choose the lower value. We then subtract the result from the total cost of the inventory to arrive at the carrying value.

For the third question, assuming inventory write-downs are common for Forester, we need to record an adjusting entry to decrease the inventory value by the difference between the current carrying value and the LCM value.

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The strategy that the Chester Company would be implementing if it shifts focus to only competing in the thrift is called niche cost leadership. Correct option is D.

Niche cost leadership involves targeting a narrow market segment with a lower cost structure than competitors. This allows the company to offer products or services at lower prices while maintaining a competitive advantage in the market.

By reducing costs and passing the savings on to customers, the Chester Company would be able to attract price-sensitive consumers in the thrift and nano segments.

This strategy is different from broad cost leadership, which involves targeting a larger market with a lower cost structure than competitors.

Niche cost leadership allows a company to focus on a specific market segment and provide a specialized product or service at a lower cost than competitors in that segment.

Overall, niche cost leadership is an effective strategy for companies that want to achieve a competitive advantage in a specific market segment while offering lower prices to price-sensitive customers.

Correct option is D.

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Complete question is:

suppose the chester company shifts focus to only competing in the thrift and nano segments, while competing on price by reducing costs and passing the savings to the customers, what strategy would they be implementing?

a) broad differentiation

b) broad cost leader

c) niche differentiation

d) niche cost leader

A real lean manufacturing philosophy reduces all of the following except conversion costs. The correct option is "A".

Lean manufacturing is a philosophy that seeks to minimize waste and maximize efficiency in production processes. It emphasizes the elimination of non-value-added activities and focuses on the continuous improvement of processes.

In the context of manufacturing, the goal of lean is to create a flow of products or services that is smooth, predictable, and reliable.One of the main principles of lean manufacturing is to reduce waste, which includes reducing setup time, lead time, and inventory. By reducing setup time, manufacturers can change over their production lines more quickly, allowing them to produce smaller batches and respond more quickly to customer demands.

The correct option is "A".

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The true statement concerning the materials price variance is that it is the difference between the actual and standard unit price of an input multiplied by the number of inputs used.

This means that the variance is calculated based on the actual quantity of materials used in production, rather than the quantity of materials purchased. Option C

For example, if a company uses 100 units of raw materials to produce 1,000 units of output and the actual price paid for the raw materials is $5 per unit, while the standard price is $4 per unit, the materials price variance would be calculated as follows:
Materials price variance = (actual price - standard price) x actual quantity
Materials price variance = ($5 - $4) x 100
Materials price variance = $100 (unfavorable)
In this case, the unfavorable variance of $100 indicates that the company paid more than it should have for the raw materials used in production.
In conclusion, the materials price variance is an important tool used by managers to evaluate the efficiency of their purchasing and production processes.

By monitoring this variance, managers can identify areas where costs can be reduced and efficiency can be improved. Option C

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The future value of $1,800 in 19 years at an APR of 7.1 percent compounded semiannually is $5,017.04.

When interest is compounded, it means that interest is earned not only on the initial principal, but also on the accumulated interest from previous periods. The interest earned in each period is added to the principal to form a new base on which interest is calculated in the next period.

We can use the formula for future value of a present sum with compound interest;

FV = PV × [tex](1+r/n)^{(nXt)}[/tex]

where PV is the present value, r is the annual percentage rate, n is the number of compounding periods per year, t is the number of years, and FV is the future value.

Substituting the given values, we get:

FV = 1800 × [tex](1+0.071/2)^{(2X19)}[/tex]

FV = 1800 × (1 + 0.0355)³⁸

FV = 1800 × 2.7878

FV = $5,017.04

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The answer is option B. $10,000 favorable for the fixed-overhead budget variance and $0 for the fixed-overhead volume variance.

To calculate the fixed-overhead budget and volume variances, we need to first calculate the standard fixed overhead cost per machine hour.

Fixed overhead rate per machine hour = Fixed overhead budgeted / Machine hours budgeted

= $240,000 / 24,000 machine hours

= $10 per machine hour

Now, we can calculate the fixed-overhead budget variance:

Fixed-overhead budget variance = Actual fixed overhead cost incurred - Budgeted fixed overhead cost

= $250,000 - ($10 x 24,000)

= $250,000 - $240,000

= $10,000 unfavorable

Next, we can calculate the fixed-overhead volume variance:

Fixed-overhead volume variance = Fixed overhead rate per machine hour x (Standard hours allowed for output attained - Machine hours budgeted)

= $10 x (25,000 - 24,000)

= $10,000 favorable

Therefore, the answer is option B. $10,000 favorable for the fixed-overhead budget variance and $0 for the fixed-overhead volume variance.

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