Lesson 10 Review

Directions: Answer the following questions in your own words using complete sentences. Do not copy and paste from the lesson or the internet.

1. Identify traits that characterize all animals.

2. State one way that animal cells differ from the cells of plants and fungi. What is the significance of this difference?

3. Describe a general animal life cycle.

4. State how the phylum Chordata differs from other animal phyla.

5. List three traits that evolved in invertebrate animals.

6. Describe the range of variation in the nervous systems of invertebrates.

7. Distinguish among asymmetry, radial symmetry, and bilateral symmetry.

8. Define cephalization. What is its relationship to bilateral symmetry?

9. What is mesoderm? Name an invertebrate with mesoderm.

10. Define coelom. How is the coelom related to the hydrostatic skeleton?

11. What is segmentation? Why is it adaptive?

12. Describe evidence showing that echinoderms are more closely related to chordates than are other invertebrate phyla.

Answers

Answer 1

The response to the following questions on animal biology are given as follows.

What are the answers to the above questions?

1. Movement, response to stimuli, consume organic matter, multicellular, lack cell walls.

2. Animal cells lack cell walls found in plants/fungi, allowing for flexibility & movement. Allows animal cells to form complex tissues and organs.

3. General animal life cycle: fertilization, zygote development, embryonic development, birth/hatching, growth to maturity, reproduction.

4. Chordates have a dorsal hollow nerve cord, notochord, pharyngeal slits, post-tail. Unique features distinguish them from other phyla.

5. Three traits evolved in invertebrates: exoskeleton, segmentation, cephalization.

6. Nervous system variation in invertebrates ranges from simple nerve nets to complex ganglia and cephalization.

7. Asymmetry is the absence of symmetry, radial symmetry is circular symmetry, and bilateral symmetry is mirror symmetry across a central axis.

8. Cephalization is the concentration of sensory organs in the head. Bilateral symmetry is associated with cephalization.

9. Mesoderm is the middle embryonic tissue layer. Arthropods have mesoderm.

10. Coelom is a fluid-filled body cavity. It provides support and forms a hydrostatic skeleton.

11. Segmentation is the division of the body into repeated units. It allows for specialization and redundancy, enhancing survival.

12. Echinoderms share deuterostome embryonic development and gene expression patterns with chordates, suggesting a close evolutionary relationship.

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Answer 2

1. Animals are characterized by traits such as multicellularity, heterotrophy (obtaining nutrients from other organisms), the absence of cell walls, and the ability to move at some point in their life cycle.

2. Animal cells lack cell walls, which distinguishes them from plant and fungal cells. This absence of cell walls allows animal cells to be more flexible and capable of changing shape, which is essential for various cellular functions such as movement and engulfing food particles.

3. A general animal life cycle typically involves the stages of fertilization, development into an embryo, growth and maturation into an adult, reproduction, and eventually death.

4. The phylum Chordata is distinct from other animal phyla due to the presence of a notochord, which is a flexible rod-like structure that runs along the back. This structure provides support and is an important characteristic of chordates, including vertebrates.

5. Three traits that evolved in invertebrate animals are exoskeletons (external skeletons), specialized body segments, and various means of locomotion.

6. The nervous systems of invertebrates vary widely, ranging from simple nerve nets in organisms like jellyfish to more complex arrangements such as ganglia in insects and well-developed brains in cephalopods.

7. Asymmetry refers to an irregular shape with no symmetry, radial symmetry involves body parts arranged around a central axis, and bilateral symmetry means having a distinct right and left half, often associated with a distinct head region.

8. Cephalization is the concentration of sensory organs and nerve cells in the anterior (head) region of an organism. It is closely related to bilateral symmetry because animals with bilateral symmetry tend to have distinct heads with sensory structures.

9. Mesoderm is one of the germ layers formed during embryonic development and gives rise to muscles, connective tissues, and internal structures. An example of an invertebrate with mesoderm is an earthworm.

10. A coelom is a fluid-filled body cavity located between the body wall and the digestive tract. It provides space for internal organs and can function as a hydrostatic skeleton, helping with movement and support.

11. Segmentation is the division of an animal's body into repeated segments. This adaptiveness allows for specialization of body parts and greater efficiency in movement and control.

12. The larval stage of echinoderms and some chordates share certain features, indicating a closer evolutionary relationship between them. For example, the larval forms of both groups display bilateral symmetry and have a distinct notochord-like structure, suggesting a common ancestry.

Related Questions

which phase has approximately 85% of its right surface showing?

Answers

Answer:

waxing cresent

Explanation:

Waxing Gibbous, it’s 85% of the right side showing.

biology

1. What is an ecosystem?

2. What are some examples of nonliving things in an ecosystem?

3. What are some factors that could affect the number of organisms in an ecosystem?

4. Why might organisms interact in an ecosystem?

5. Would you expect to find the same kinds of interactions between organisms in very different ecosystems? Why or why not?

6. Why is it important to understand feeding relationships in an ecosystem?

Answers

An ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms (plants, animals, and microbes) interacting with each other and the nonliving components (air, water, and soil) in their environment. It can be as small as a pond or as large as a forest or desert.

Examples of nonliving things in an ecosystem include sunlight, water, air, rocks, soil, and minerals.

Factors that could affect the number of organisms in an ecosystem include the availability of food and water, temperature, weather conditions, availability of shelter or habitats, the presence of predators and disease, and human activities such as deforestation or pollution.

Organisms interact in an ecosystem to obtain resources such as food, water, shelter, and mates, and to avoid being eaten by predators or infected by diseases. Some organisms also form mutualistic relationships, where both parties benefit from the interaction.

Different ecosystems can have different organisms and interactions based on the unique features of each ecosystem, such as climate, geography, and available resources.

Understanding feeding relationships in an ecosystem is important because it helps us understand the flow of energy and nutrients through the ecosystem. This knowledge can inform conservation efforts and help us manage and protect ecosystems for the benefit of all living organisms, including humans.

Answer:

1. An ecosystem is a system of interactions between living and nonliving things in a particular environment.

2. Some examples of nonliving things in an ecosystem include sunlight, soil, rocks, air, water, and temperature.

3. Factors that could affect the number of organisms in an ecosystem include availability of resources, predation, competition, and environmental changes.

4. Organisms interact in an ecosystem in order to find food, to find mates, to escape predators, and to compete for resources.

5. No, you would not expect to find the same kinds of interactions between organisms in very different ecosystems due to differences in biotic and abiotic factors.

6. It is important to understand feeding relationships in an ecosystem because understanding these relationships gives us insight into the stability, dynamics, and functioning of the overall ecosystem. It can also provide an understanding of how the ecosystem may respond to environmental changes.

Many scientists study how genetic mutations affect humans and other organisms. Which of the following is not likely to cause DNA mutations?

Answers

Answer:

Infrared rays

Explanation:

Infrared rays do not cause mutation, hence it will be the correct option.

Gene variants, as they relate to genetic disorders, are classified into one of five groups:

Pathogenic: The variant is responsible for causing disease. There is ample scientific research to support an association between the disease and the gene variant. These variants are often referred to as mutations.
Likely pathogenic: The variant is probably responsible for causing disease, but there is not enough scientific research to be certain.
Variant of uncertain significance (VUS or VOUS): The variant cannot be confirmed to play a role in the development of disease. There may not be enough scientific research to confirm or refute a disease association or the research may be conflicting.
Likely benign: The variant is probably not responsible for causing disease, but there is not enough scientific research to be certain.
Benign: The variant is not responsible for causing disease. There is ample scientific research to disprove an association between the disease and the gene variant.

D. Answer the following questions
2. What are the conditions necessary for germination?

Answers

Answer: The wisdom of the internet says that in order for a plant to germinate it need Water, which allows the seed to swell up and activate the chemical reactions involved in the growth of the embryo.

Oxygen, which is needed for the energy production through aerobic respiration.

Warmth, which is required for the optimal functioning of the enzymes that carry out respiration and cell division.

Light, which may be needed or avoided by some seeds depending on their type.

1. **Water:** Water is essential for activating enzymes that break down stored food within the seed, providing the necessary nutrients for the embryo to grow.

2. **Oxygen:** Oxygen is required for cellular respiration, which provides energy for the germinating embryo.

3. **Suitable Temperature:** Different plant species have different temperature requirements for germination. Generally, a temperature range that is conducive to enzyme activity is necessary for the process.

4. **Suitable Light Conditions (For Some Plants):** While some seeds require light to germinate, others may actually require darkness. This requirement varies depending on the species.

5. **Correct Seed Orientation:** Some seeds have specific requirements for how they are oriented in the soil for optimal germination.

D. Answer the following questions
3. Why is dispersal of seeds necessary?

Answers

Explanation:A plant produces a ton of seeds. If all the seeds are dispersed in one small area, they will not get adequate amount of warmth, sunlight, water and air. To avoid overcrowding seed dispersal is necessary

Hope this answer helps

Pls mark me brainliest

Seed dispersal is nessecary because if you bunched up it won’t grow properly. So spreading them out will help

A student wants to determine the effect of soil type on plant growth. He set up 3 pots as shown below. How could this experiment be improved?

All three pots should have the same kind of soil.

All three pots should have the same kind of seed, the same amount of light, and the same amount of water.

The three pots should have different amounts of water

There is nothing wrong with this experiment.

Answers

Answer:

All three pots should have the same kind of seed, the same amount of light, and the same amount of water.

Explanation:

the other options would make the experiment have other variables

The second option to control the other variables

How are isobars and isotherms alike?

Answers

Answer:

Isobars and isotherms are lines on weather maps which represent patterns of pressure and temperature, respectively. They show how temperature and pressure are changing over space and so help describe the large-scale weather patterns across a region in the map.

Isobars and isotherms are lines on weather maps which represent patterns of pressure and temperature, respectively

How much time should you spend on your rough draft?

Answers

30 min roughly to plan

Don’t stress and do it for roughly 30 mins to an hour

Look at the diagram below. In what direction will the oxygen move?
1, 2, or 3

Answers

Answer: Blood to tissue fluid.

Explanation:

The respiring tissue needs oxygen (as it is carrying out aerobic respiration). Because of this, it oxygen needs to reach this tissue someway, somehow. And this is via the blood.

The blood contains cells called red blood cells. These cells are responsible for delivering oxygen to the rest of the body. When the oxygen inside these cells reaches the part of the body where oxygen is needed, the oxygen will diffuse through the walls of the artery (out of the blood vessel, into the respiring tissue).

Blood to tissue I took this before

C. Give one word for the following.
5. Winter crop season

Answers

Answer: Rabi crops

Explanation:

Rabi crops are also known as winter crops. These are the crops that are sown at the beginning of the winter season.

Rabi Crops

Rabi crops are also known as winter crops.
These are the crops that are sown at the beginning of the winter season.

please help me with this science question the due date is in like 20 minutes!!!

Answers

The 10% rule states that only 10% of the energy stored as biomass at one level is available for the following level. Diatoms are the organisms with the most available energy.

What is the 10% rule?

The 10% rule refers to the energy flow along the trophic chains from autotrophs to heterotrophs and detritivorous organisms.

From the solar energy input, it occurs a unidirectional energy flow through all the organisms in the ecosystem.

Only 1% of the solar energy that reaches the Earth's surface is absorbed by autotroph organisms.

From there, each trophic level transmits 10% of its energy to the following trophic level. The remaining 90% is lost to the environment as heat.

According to these amounts, The 10% rule states that only about 10% of the energy stored as biomass at one trophic level per unit of time ends up as biomass at the next trophic level, in the same unit of time.

In the exposed trophic web, and following the 10% rule, diatoms are the organisms with the most available energy considering their biomass. Only 10% of its energy will be transferred to the second level, 1% to the third level, 0.1% to the fourth level, and 0.01% to the fifth level.

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One side of the heart pumps blood to the ____ and the other pumps blood to the ______.
organs, brain
alveoli, lungs
lungs, rest of the body
brain, rest of body

Answers

Answer:

The right ventricle pumps the low-oxygen blood to the lungs to pick up a fresh supply of oxygen. The left atrium receives to high-oxygen blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps the high-oxygen blood to the rest of the body.

Answer:

lungs, rest of the body.

Explanation:

Right atrium and Right ventricle pump deoxygenated blood to lungs while Left atrium and Left ventricle pump oxygenated blood to body.

describe the difference between population,community, organism,and ecosystem

Answers

An organism is a single living thing, a population is all of the organisms of the same species in the same place at the same time, a community is all populations in the same place at the same time (all living things), and an ecosystem is the reactions between living and nonliving components in a given area.

population > a whole bunch of living things are populating in an area
community> living things together in an area
organism - living thing, animal.
ecosystem- living organisms in a ecosystem where life is.

please help! what part of the heart is it?!

Answers

That is the abdominal aorta.

The abdominal aorta runs from the diaphragm and ends just above
the pelvis, where it divides into the iliac arteries.

Why is Christ's judgment perfect?

Answers

Answer: While our judgment of each other is often superficial, Christs judgment is eternally significant, he judges by heart not looks or matter of situation, but, God's judgement is the better and the best x

Explanation:

He forgives us and invites us into learning to live a new way. He teaches us how to live this way and gives his Spirit to give us the power and ability to change. God's judgment is good because when the Spirit convicts us of sin, the Spirit gives us the wherewithal to change. God's judgment leads to transformation.

pleaseee help! i reallly need it!

Answers

Trophic webs are nets constructed by different interacting organisms that involves energy transference. A) The model tracks the transfer of energy as energy flows in the ecosystem.

What is a trophic web or a food web?

The trophic web -also known as food web- is the interaction between different organisms involving transference of energy when some of them feed on the other ones. The ones placed at lower levels pass energy to the ones at the higher levels.

Organisms at each level feed on the preceding one and become food for the next one.

The first link corresponds to a producer organism -autotroph-.The following links are the consumers -heterotrophs-: herbivores and carnivores.The last links are the decomposers that degrade organic matter from dead organisms.

Because it is a web, all organisms are in equilibrium until a change occurs. When a sudden change affects any of the involved links, there can be a cascade effect on the web.

Any change in a link population size (increasing or decreasing) will affect the superior links and the immediately anterior link.

Option A is correct. The model tracks the transfer of energy as energy flows in the ecosystem.

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It’s a ………………… I’m doing this for the characters

James is investigating the germination of bean seeds. He plants 30 bean seeds each in three identical 30-centimeter-by-30-centimeter square containers and plans to give the same amount of sunlight and water to each container. He will place each container in a different room, with each room at a different temperature. Which of these hypotheses is the most appropriate for this research project? If the size of the container increases, then the number of seeds that germinate will increase. If the temperature of the room decreases, then the number of seeds that germinate will decrease. If the amount of water given to the seeds increases, then the number of seeds that germinate will increase. If the number of seeds planted in the container increases, then the number of seeds that germinate will decrease.

Answers

Answer:

The amount of sunlight

Explanation:

The sun is independent but the plants are dependent on the sunlight

the amount of sunlight

a friend of yours argues that shopping malls sould use solar energy to conserve fossil fuels. how do you respond?

Answers

Utilizing solar energy is an excellent way for shopping malls to reduce their carbon footprint and conserve fossil fuels. Solar energy is a renewable, sustainable, and clean source of energy that shopping malls can incorporate into their operations in a variety of ways. Overall, using solar energy is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution for reducing environmental impact and conserving natural resources.

Since fuels have become a part of modern lifestyle, it is becoming used up to a great extent of getting run out. There are ways in which we can conserve the nature and most importantly the fossil fuels.

(i) Conversion into efficient forms like CNG.
(ii) Protection of resources from fires.
(iii) Avoid wastage of oil.
(iv) Make more use of renewable source of energy like using solar energy, wind mills to generate electricity.

How can you grow spiritually?

by being obedient to God
by making up your own rules
by being controlled by Him
by following Jesus' example
by doing only what you want to do

Pick all that apply!

Answers

Growing spiritually can involve different practices and beliefs for different individuals, but some ways to grow spiritually may include: - Being obedient to God and following His teachings - Seeking guidance and inspiration through prayer and meditation - Studying religious texts and teachings regularly - Practicing compassion and kindness towards others - Surrounding yourself with supportive and like-minded individuals - Reflecting on your thoughts, actions, and beliefs regularly and striving for personal growth and improvement Making up your own rules or only doing what you want to do may not necessarily lead to spiritual growth as it lacks guidance and accountability. Being controlled by God can also be interpreted in different ways, but ultimately, it is up to the individual to develop their own personal relationship with God and seek ways to grow spiritually.

Answer:

Spiritual growth can manifest in diverse practices and beliefs among individuals. However, common ways to foster spiritual development include obeying God and adhering to His teachings, seeking guidance and inspiration through prayer and meditation, regularly studying religious texts and teachings, demonstrating kindness and compassion towards others, seeking support from like-minded individuals, and engaging in self-reflection to pursue personal growth and progress. Contrarily, self-created rules or adhering solely to one's preferences may not facilitate spiritual growth, as it lacks accountability and direction. The interpretation of being controlled by God may vary; nevertheless, individuals must establish their unique personal relationship with God and explore ways to develop their spirituality.

Explanation:

What’s the meaning of life

Answers

Answer:

To explore the world and go through tough times and make good memories work,relax, and LIVE and to make goals for yourself and accomplish them and to appreciate what you have and what others don't have that you do.

Explanation:

Answer: the existence of an individual human being or animal:

Analyzing core samples from around the Mid-Atlantic ridge, the seafloor further away from the ridge was much _________________ than that near the ridge. This led to a new theory called Sea Floor Spreading.

Answers

Analyzing core samples from around the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the seafloor further away from the ridge was much older than that near the ridge.

Why is the seafloor further away?

This led to a new theory called Sea Floor Spreading, which suggests that new oceanic crust is continually formed at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and then moves away from the ridge, eventually being consumed at deep-sea trenches.

As the new crust moves away from the ridge, it cools and becomes progressively older. This process of sea floor spreading helps explain many geological features of the ocean basins, including the presence of mid-ocean ridges, deep-sea trenches, and oceanic islands.

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Explain how the result of meiosis and cytokinesis affects how traits are inherited

Answers

Answer: At the time of meiosis, homologous chromosomes i.e. 1 from each parent should be paired along their lengths. At every chiasma, the chromosomes break and rejoin, trading some of their genes. This recombination leads in genetic variation.

Explanation:

The answer is given below

Pointed teeth help tear apart food, and large, flat teeth are used to grind food. Based on this information, what types of teeth are characteristic of animals that eat plants and animals that eat other animals?

Answers

Answer:

Flat teeth are characteristic of animals that eat grass, because they grind food in the form of grass in the oral cavity. And predators need sharp teeth in order to tear off flesh, they often do it poorly chewed, and swallowed whole as soon as the flesh was torn off. This is because herbivores can move their jaws to the left and right, while carnivores cannot.

Answer:

Explanation:-

The type of teeth in animals that eat plants are flat teeth used to grind food. The type of teeth in animals that eat other animals are pointed teeth that help tear apart food.

Herbivores are the animals that fall into the category of plant eating animals. They usually feed on plants which require grinding. They ,hence, have large and flat premolars which are highly functional in chewing the plants. These teeth also help in digestion of herbivores. Since, there is no tearing flesh ,the canines are not of much use. On the other hand, carnivores are the animals that fall into the category that eat other animals. They feed on flesh which require tearing so they have sharp canines to rip the flesh.

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Myth: Tigers and goldfish are not related.
Fact:
Evidence:

Myth: An organism's kingdom only describes physical characteristics.
Fact:
Evidence:

Myth: Mammals and plants don't belong in the same domain.
Fact:
Evidence:

Answers

Answer:

Myth: Tigers and goldfish are not related.

Fact: Tigers and goldfish are not closely related according to their genetic and biological classification.

Evidence: Tigers belong to the Panthera genus in the family Felidae, which means they are a type of big cat. Goldfish, on the other hand, belong to the Carassius genus in the family Cyprinidae, which is a type of small freshwater fish. While both are animals, their biology and genetic make-ups are different and they are not closely related to each other.

Myth: An organism's kingdom only describes physical characteristics.

Fact: An organism's kingdom classification is based on their cell type, method of obtaining energy, and other biological characteristics, not solely their physical features.

Evidence: The five kingdoms of life, namely Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia, are characterized by their distinct cellular structures, methods of obtaining energy, and other features. For example, animals are multicellular, heterotrophic organisms that rely on consuming other organisms for energy, while plants are autotrophic, photosynthetic organisms that use sunlight and carbon dioxide to produce energy. These biological factors determine an organism's kingdom classification.

Myth: Mammals and plants don't belong in the same domain.

Fact: Mammals and plants belong to different domains of life, but they both belong to the larger group known as eukaryotes, meaning they have cells with a nucleus.

Evidence: The three domains of life are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Mammals, along with other animals, fungi, and protists, belong to the Eukarya domain, while plants belong to the Plantae kingdom within the same domain. Despite their differences, both groups share similar cell structures and other characteristics that distinguish them from the other two domains, Archaea and Bacteria.

Myth: Tigers and goldfish are not related.

Fact: Tigers and goldfish are not closely related in terms of their species. Tigers belong to the Felidae family and are classified as mammals, while goldfish belong to the Cyprinidae family and are classified as fish. However, both tigers and goldfish belong to the broader category of animals, as they are both living organisms.

Evidence: The classification system in biology groups organisms based on their similarities and differences. Tigers and goldfish belong to different families within the animal kingdom, indicating that they are not closely related.

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Myth: An organism's kingdom only describes physical characteristics.

Fact: An organism's kingdom classification does consider physical characteristics, but it also takes into account other factors such as cell type, mode of nutrition, and reproductive strategies. Physical characteristics alone are not sufficient to determine an organism's kingdom.

Evidence: The five main kingdoms in the classification system are Monera (prokaryotes), Protista (eukaryotes that are not plants, animals, or fungi), Fungi (eukaryotic decomposers), Plantae (eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms), and Animalia (eukaryotic multicellular organisms). These kingdoms are based on a combination of physical characteristics, cellular organization, and other traits.

---

Myth: Mammals and plants don't belong in the same domain.

Fact: Mammals and plants do not belong in the same domain. Mammals belong to the domain Eukarya, while plants belong to the same domain. Both domains have distinct characteristics and are separate classifications in the biological classification system.

Evidence: The three main domains in the classification system are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Mammals, including humans, belong to the domain Eukarya, which also includes other organisms with complex cellular structures. Plants, on the other hand, are also classified under the domain Eukarya. Both mammals and plants have eukaryotic cells, but they have different characteristics and evolutionary histories.

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