Sales remain unchanged, variable costs per unit are reduced by $2, and fixed costs increase by 15% for Joy plc's projected contribution margin income statement with new equipment.
Projected Contribution Margin Income Statement for Joy plc (with new equipment):
Sales: Unchanged
Variable Costs per Unit: Reduced by $2
Fixed Costs: Increased by 15%
Comment: The projected contribution margin income statement for Joy plc, assuming the purchase of new equipment, would reflect changes in variable costs per unit and fixed costs while keeping the sales level constant. The impact of these changes can be summarized as follows:
Sales: The sales figure remains unchanged as mentioned in the scenario.
Variable Costs per Unit: With the new equipment, the variable cost per unit is reduced by $2. This means that for each unit sold, the company would save $2 in variable costs.
Fixed Costs: The fixed costs increase by 15% due to the purchase of new machinery. This indicates that the company would incur higher fixed expenses.
These changes would result in an updated contribution margin income statement for Joy plc. However, since the specific values for sales, variable costs, and fixed costs are not provided in the question, a detailed statement cannot be prepared. Nonetheless, it can be inferred that the purchase of new equipment would likely improve the contribution margin due to the reduction in variable costs per unit, although the increase in fixed costs should also be considered for a comprehensive analysis.
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Suppose Yuan Yuan wants to purchase a house for investment purposes. She will rent it out after buying it. She has two choices. Either buy it in an average location where the lifetime rent from the property will be $700,000 with certainty; or buy it in an upscale location. However, in the upscale neighborhood there is a 60% chance that the lifetime income will equal $1 m, and 40% chance it will equal only $250,000. If she has a utility function which equals U(W)=W. Where would she prefer to buy the house?
To determine where Yuan Yuan would prefer to buy the house, we can compare the expected utility of each choice:
Average Location:
Lifetime rent = $700,000
Expected utility = U($700,000) = $700,000
Upscale Location:
Lifetime income with 60% chance = $1,000,000
Lifetime income with 40% chance = $250,000
Expected lifetime income = (0.6 * $1,000,000) + (0.4 * $250,000) = $700,000
Expected utility = U($700,000) = $700,000
Since the expected utility is the same for both choices ($700,000), Yuan Yuan would be indifferent between buying the house in the average location or the upscale location. Both options would provide her with the same level of utility.
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Yuan Yuan prefers to buy the house in the upscale location as it has the higher expected utility.
Given that Yuan Yuan wants to purchase a house for investment purposes and will rent it out after buying it. She has two choices, buy it in an average location or an upscale location.
Suppose the lifetime rent from the property in the average location is $700,000 with certainty, and in the upscale location, there is a 60% chance that the lifetime income will equal $1 m, and 40% chance it will equal only $250,000.
The utility function that Yuan Yuan uses equals U(W)=W. We can compare the expected utility of both choices and decide which is better.
The expected utility for the average location is:
$U(W) = U(700000) = 700000
The expected utility for the upscale location is:
EU(W) = 0.6 U(1000000) + 0.4 U(250000) = 0.6(1000000) + 0.4(250000) = 760000
Yuan Yuan prefers to buy the house in the upscale location as it has the higher expected utility.
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1. Please write a review and reflection of a business ethics
class.?
2. How will you incorporate the self-awareness you have gained
within this course into your current ethical practices?
Review and Reflection of a Business Ethics Class. The class expose me to ethical issues prevalent in today's business landscape including social responsibility, environmental sustainability etc.
Was the Business Ethics Class Worth Taking?The business ethics class I took was an eye-opening experience that challenged my notions and expanded my understanding of ethical dilemmas in the corporate world. Throughout the course, we explored various ethical frameworks and applied them to real-world case studies allowing us to critically analyze complex business situations.
One of the most valuable aspects of the class was the emphasis on fostering open discussions and encouraging diverse perspectives. The professor created a safe space where students felt comfortable sharing their thoughts and engaging in respectful debates. This not only enhanced our understanding of different ethical viewpoints but also honed our ability to effectively communicate and justify our own positions.
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1. the business ethics class has provided me with a solid foundation in ethical theories, decision-making frameworks, and stakeholder management.
2. By incorporating self-awareness into my ethical practices and following a systematic approach to ethical decision-making, I am confident in my ability to navigate ethical challenges and contribute to a more ethical and responsible business environment.
Review and Reflection of a Business Ethics Class:
Taking a business ethics class has been an enlightening and thought-provoking experience. The course has provided a comprehensive overview of ethical theories, principles, and their application in real-world business scenarios. It has offered valuable insights into ethical decision-making, corporate social responsibility, and the impact of business practices on various stakeholders. Here is my review and reflection on the class:
Engaging Content: The course content was well-structured and covered a wide range of topics relevant to business ethics. The instructor presented the material in a clear and engaging manner, combining theoretical concepts with real-life case studies and examples. This approach helped me understand the practical implications of ethical issues faced by businesses.
Ethical Frameworks: One of the highlights of the course was learning about different ethical frameworks, such as utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics. Understanding these frameworks has provided me with a broader perspective when analyzing ethical dilemmas and making decisions. I now have a better grasp of the ethical theories that can guide me in evaluating the consequences, duties, and character implications of my actions.
Ethical Decision-Making Process: The course emphasized the importance of a systematic approach to ethical decision-making. I learned about various models and frameworks that can be used to analyze ethical problems, consider alternative courses of action, and evaluate their ethical implications. This has equipped me with practical tools to navigate complex ethical situations in my professional life.
Stakeholder Management: Another key aspect covered in the course was the importance of considering the interests and rights of various stakeholders. I gained an understanding of the ethical responsibilities businesses have towards employees, customers, shareholders, suppliers, and the broader society. This knowledge has made me more conscious of the impact my decisions and actions can have on different stakeholders and the need to balance their interests.
Incorporating Self-Awareness into Ethical Practices:
Reflection: I will incorporate self-awareness into my ethical practices by regularly reflecting on my values, beliefs, and biases. Engaging in self-reflection will help me identify any potential conflicts between my personal values and ethical standards in the workplace. This awareness will enable me to make more informed and consistent ethical decisions.
Continuous Learning: I will commit to continuous learning and staying updated on emerging ethical issues in my industry. This includes reading relevant literature, attending seminars or workshops, and engaging in discussions with colleagues or mentors. By expanding my knowledge base, I can navigate ethical challenges with greater confidence and adaptability.
Seeking Feedback: I will actively seek feedback from trusted colleagues, mentors, or supervisors regarding my ethical practices. Constructive feedback can provide valuable insights into blind spots or areas for improvement. Incorporating feedback will help me refine my ethical decision-making skills and enhance my overall ethical performance.
Ethical Role Modeling: I will strive to be an ethical role model by demonstrating integrity, transparency, and accountability in my actions. By consistently aligning my behavior with ethical principles, I can positively influence those around me and contribute to a culture of ethics within my organization.
Ethical Communication: I will prioritize open and honest communication, especially when faced with ethical dilemmas or concerns. By fostering a safe and inclusive environment for discussing ethical issues, I can encourage dialogue, collaboration, and the identification of ethical solutions that benefit all stakeholders.
In conclusion, the business ethics class has provided me with a solid foundation in ethical theories, decision-making frameworks, and stakeholder management. By incorporating self-awareness into my ethical practices and following a systematic approach to ethical decision-making, I am confident in my ability to navigate ethical challenges and contribute to a more ethical and responsible business environment.
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why would it be problematic for a loss control consultant/representative from a Worker's Compensation insurance carrier to assume the role and persona of a governmental compliance officer when evaluating an insured company?
Assuming the role and persona of a governmental compliance officer when evaluating an insured company can be problematic for a loss control consultant/representative from a Worker's Compensation insurance carrier. This is because it would be an ethical and legal issue.
The role and persona of a governmental compliance officer are highly authoritative and would give the consultant/representative more power than they would otherwise have. This power dynamic could be abused to gain access to confidential information or coerce the company into compliance with the insurance carrier's policies.
Additionally, the consultant/representative would not have the authority or legal standing to enforce government regulations, and their actions could be considered fraudulent. It could also lead to serious consequences for the insured company, including legal action, financial penalties, and damage to their reputation, which would not be in the best interests of the insurance carrier.
Therefore, it is essential that loss control consultant/representative should not assume the role and persona of a governmental compliance officer when evaluating an insured company.
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If last year our revenue in cell E5 was $125,000,000 but this year we are expecting a decrease of 4% whi
If last year, our revenue in cell E5 was $125,000,000 but this year we are expecting a decrease of 4%, which is a total of $5,000,000.
we can estimate the revenue for this year to be $120,000,000. Let’s consider a business that is dealing with financial data. For such a business, calculating the revenue is critical, which in turn helps the business to identify the profits and the losses.There are several factors that contribute to a decrease in revenue, such as the economic downturn, loss of clients, or even poor management of business operations.
Nonetheless, it is essential to calculate the revenue to assess the business’s profitability, make adjustments in the business operations to counter any negative impact and also to make any investments to enhance the revenue generated by the business.In conclusion, calculating revenue and forecasting revenue in business is crucial, as it helps in evaluating the performance of the business and in making informed decisions to counter any decrease or increase in revenue.
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Which of the following best describes a sufficiently large sample for testing regression coefficients using the z-value, which is equal to two for a 95% cl. (Hint: the z value is the critical value for a normal distribution).
Group of answer choices
the number of quantitative variables must exceed 30
the number of quantitative and categorical variables must exceed 30
a t party becomes a z party when you have around 30 guests
you need a sample of at least 1500 to perform testing
In regression analysis, the z-value is a statistical value that is used to test the regression coefficients.
To perform testing, it is necessary to have a sufficiently large sample. This sample size depends on the statistical significance level and the power of the statistical test. In this case, the z-value is equal to two for a 95% confidence level, and the sample size must be large enough to achieve this level of significance. A sample size of at least 30 is required to use the z-value to test the regression coefficients.
This is because a sample of this size is large enough to produce a normal distribution, which is required for the z-value test to be valid. In addition, the sample size should be large enough to provide adequate statistical power to detect significant differences in the regression coefficients. This typically requires a sample size of at least 100 to 1500, depending on the complexity of the model and the size of the effect being tested.
Therefore, the best answer is "the number of quantitative variables must exceed 30". This is because the number of variables affects the sample size required, and having more than 30 quantitative variables typically requires a larger sample size to achieve the desired level of significance.
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Over the last year, the market realized a return of 10%, while the risk-free rate was 1.8%. During this period, your own portfolio, which has a beta of 0.9, realized a return of 11.4%.
What was the realized alpha on your portfolio, based on the CAPM?
Based on the CAPM, the realized alpha on your portfolio can be calculated using the following formula:
Realized Alpha = Portfolio Return - (Risk-Free Rate + Beta * (Market Return - Risk-Free Rate))
Given that the market return was 10%, the risk-free rate was 1.8%, and the portfolio's beta was 0.9, we can substitute these values into the formula to calculate the realized alpha:
Realized Alpha = 11.4% - (1.8% + 0.9 * (10% - 1.8%))
Simplifying the equation, we have:
Realized Alpha = 11.4% - (1.8% + 0.9 * 8.2%)
Realized Alpha = 11.4% - (1.8% + 7.38%)
Realized Alpha = 11.4% - 9.18%
Realized Alpha = 2.22%
Therefore, the realized alpha on your portfolio, based on the CAPM, is 2.22%.
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Which one is excludable, but nonrival in consumption? Why?
a) painting
b) road
c) health insurance
d) lighthouse
The answer is d) lighthouse. Lighthouse is excludable, but nonrival in consumption. This is because a lighthouse can be owned, managed, and maintained by individuals or organizations who may charge visitors a fee for using it, and exclude those who do not pay the fee.
At the same time, the use of the lighthouse by one person or ship does not reduce its usefulness to others, as it is nonrival. Lighthouses are an example of a public good that can be excludable and nonrival in consumption.Excludability refers to the extent to which a good or service can be restricted to individuals who are willing and able to pay for it. Rivalry in consumption refers to the extent to which one person's use of a good or service reduces its availability to others.
Goods that are excludable and rival in consumption are referred to as private goods, while goods that are nonexcludable and nonrival in consumption are public goods. Goods that are excludable but nonrival in consumption are called club goods.
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Consider R 2
. (a) In your own words, what is R 2
measuring? (b) Many top publications in economics obtain R 2
values of 0.2 or even less. Does this bother researchers or readers? (c) For a simple linear regression model, what does R 2
=0 imply about β
^
1
? What does it imply about β
^
0
?
a) In your own words, R2 measures how well the regression model fits the observed data. It determines the proportion of the variance in the dependent variable that can be accounted for by the independent variable(s) included in the model. This ratio ranges from 0 to 1 and the higher the R2 value, the better the model is at fitting the data.
b) Many top publications in economics obtain R2 values of 0.2 or even less, which indicates that the model can only explain a small portion of the total variation in the dependent variable. While this may be seen as a limitation of the model, it is not necessarily a cause for concern. Researchers and readers should keep in mind that some phenomena in economics and other social sciences are difficult to explain, and that an R2 value of 0.2 or less may still be considered a meaningful contribution to the field.
c) For a simple linear regression model, R2=0 implies that the regression line has no explanatory power and that the variation in the dependent variable is not explained by the independent variable. This means that β^1, the slope of the regression line, is equal to zero, which indicates that the independent variable has no effect on the dependent variable.
Meanwhile, β^0, the intercept of the regression line, is equal to the mean of the dependent variable, indicating that the regression line is simply a horizontal line at the mean of the dependent variable.
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You have been selected as a postgraduate student to accompany President Cyril Ramaphosa at the next BRICS summit in Russia. Your president has advised you that due to the COVID-19 pandemic, South Africa has experienced several concerning issues which has affected the economy, environment and social factors. He has advised you that there are new development opportunities that are currently existing and may be beneficial for South Africa and neighbouring countries.
Justify how COVID-19 has influenced market opportunities within South Africa and elaborate on how the competitive service strategies can be used to achieve competitive advantage when globalising into international markets?. Justify your answer with supporting examples.
The COVID-19 pandemic has created market opportunities in South Africa through accelerated digital transformation.
However, amidst these challenges, new development opportunities have emerged that can benefit South Africa and its neighboring countries.
One key market opportunity that has arisen is accelerated digital transformation. As people turned to online platforms for work, education, and shopping during lockdowns, there has been a surge in demand for digital services and e-commerce.
South African businesses can capitalize on this trend by expanding their online presence, developing innovative digital solutions, and investing in infrastructure to support digital connectivity.
For example, local retailers can establish e-commerce platforms to reach a wider customer base, and tech startups can offer digital solutions to facilitate remote work and online learning.
To achieve a competitive advantage when globalizing into international markets, South African businesses can employ competitive service strategies. These strategies involve providing unique, high-quality services that differentiate them from competitors.
For instance, a South African tourism company can focus on eco-tourism, promoting sustainable practices and showcasing the country's diverse wildlife and natural beauty.
By offering a differentiated and environmentally conscious experience, they can attract international tourists seeking responsible travel options.
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Derek and Meagan Jacoby recently graduated from State University, and Derek accepted a job in business consulting while Meagan accepted a job in computer programming. Meagan inherited $74,000 from her grandfather, who recently passed away. The couple is debating whether they should buy or rent a home. They located a rental home that meets their needs. The monthly rent is $3,400. They also found a three-bedroom home that would cost $364,000 to purchase. The Jacobys could use Meagan's inheritance for a down payment on the home. Thus, they would need to borrow $290,000 to acquire the home. They have the option of paying two discount points to receive a fixed interest rate of 4.50 percent on the loan or paying no points and receiving a fixed interest rate of 5.70 percent for a 30-year fixed loan. Though anything could happen, the couple expects to live in the home for no more than five years before relocating to a different region of the country. Derek and Meagan don't have any school-related debt, so they will save the $74,000 if they don't purchase a home. Also, consider the following information: • The couple's marginal tax rate is 20 percent. Regardless of whether they buy or rent, the couple will itemize their deductions and have the ability to deduct all of the property taxes from the purchase of a residence. If they buy, the Jacobys would purchase and move into the home on January 1, 2021. • If they buy the home, the property taxes for the year are $4,750. • Disregard loan-related fees not mentioned above. If the couple does not buy a home, they will put their money into their savings account, where they earn 4.95 percent annual interest. Assume that all unstated costs are equal between the buy and rent options. Required: Help the Jacobys with their decisions by answering the following questions: (Leave no answer blank. Enter zero if applicable.) Required: Help the Jacobys with their decisions by answering the following questions: (Leave no answer blank. Enter zero if applicable.) a. If the Jacobys decide to rent the home, what is their after-tax cost of the rental for the first year? (include income from the annuity account in your analysis.) (Round your intermediate calculations to the nearest whole dollar amount.) After-tax cost
The after-tax cost of the rental for the first year is $39,850.To calculate the after-tax cost of renting the home for the first year, we need to consider the monthly rent, property taxes, and the interest earned on their savings account.
Given:
Monthly rent = $3,400
Price of house = $364,000
Down payment = $74,000
Borrowed amount = $290,000
Property taxes = $4,750
Discount point = 2% = 0.02
Tax rate = 20% = 0.2
The after-tax cost of the rental for the first year can be calculated as follows:
Total Rent Payment in a year = Monthly Rent x 12= 3,400 x 12= $40,800Tax Benefit = Property Taxes x Tax Rate= 4,750 x 0.2= $950Taxable Income = Annual Income - Deductions= $0 + $950= $950After-Tax Cost = Total Rent Payment in a year - Tax Benefit= $40,800 - $950= $39,850.
Thus, the after-tax cost of the rental for the first year is $39,850.
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If product price was found to be negatively associated with product sales, what type of relationship would this be and which variable would be the dependent variable?
longitudinal | product sales
correlational | product sales
correlational | product price
cross-sectional | product price
If product price was found to be negatively associated with product sales, the type of relationship that exists between the two variables would be correlational, and product sales would be the dependent variable.
It can be positive, negative, or zero. A positive correlation exists when the two variables are moving in the same direction, whereas a negative correlation exists when they are moving in opposite directions. In this context, product price and product sales are said to have a negative relationship, indicating that as the price of a product rises, the quantity demanded of that product falls (and vice versa). In a correlational study, the dependent variable is the variable that the researcher wants to predict or explain, and it is measured by examining its association with one or more independent variables.
In this context, product sales are dependent on product price, and the dependent variable is product sales. A correlation exists when a connection is observed between two variables.
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Why does writing towards a particular reader help when revising?
A. You can determine what content is necessary to persuade the reader.
B. You can write what your professor wants to hear.
C. You are guaranteed a high grade on the assignment.
Writing towards a particular reader helps when diameter revising because you can determine what content is necessary to stage in the writing process that involves improving the clarity, structure, and coherence of a written work. The correct option is A.
Revising necessitates reading and examining one's writing to identify areas that require improvement, such as grammar, syntax, and punctuation. It can be challenging to evaluate one's writing objectively, which is why it is critical to write for a particular reader.
When you write for a specific reader, you are writing for a particular audience. Knowing your intended audience will help you determine what content is necessary to persuade appropriate tone to use in your writing. Knowing your audience will also assist you in creating a clear, logical structure for your writing that will be simple for them to understand and follow. Knowing who your reader is can also technical terms for your reader.In summary, writing towards a particular reader helps when revising because you can determine what content is necessary to persuade the reader. Answer (A) is the correct answer.
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Horizon offers a 12 percent coupon bond with semiannual payments and yeild to maturity of 10 percent. The bonds mature in 16 years. What is the market price per bond if the face value is $1000?
$808
$911
$1000
$1158
The market price per bond is $911.23. Answer: $911. So, option b is correct.
The face value of the bond is $1000The yield to maturity of the bond is 10%
The bond has a 12% coupon rate
The bond matures in 16 years
We need to determine the market price of the bond.
The semi-annual coupon rate is given as: 12% / 2 = 6%
The semi-annual yield to maturity is given as: 10% / 2 = 5%
The total number of semi-annual periods until maturity is given as: 16 years * 2 = 32 semi-annual periods
The market price of the bond can be calculated using the following formula:
P = (C / r) x [1 - (1 + r)^(-n)] + F / (1 + r)^n
Where:P = Market price of the bond
C = Semi-annual coupon payment
r = Semi-annual yield to maturity
n = Number of semi-annual periods until maturity
F = Face value of the bond
Substituting the values:
P = (60 / 0.05) x [1 - (1 + 0.05)^(-32)] + 1000 / (1 + 0.05)^32P
= (1200) x [1 - (0.37689)] + 247.18P
= 911.23
Therefore, the market price per bond is $911.23. Answer: $911. So, option b is correct.
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In what societal institutions can institutional racism be found? 4. How do Arab Muslims suffer biases and prejudices similar to African Americans in a post 9/11 America?
Institutional racism permeates government, healthcare, education, and criminal justice, leading to unequal treatment and disparities for marginalized communities, including African Americans and Arab Muslims, resulting in negative psychological effects.
Institutional racism can be found in various social institutions such as government, healthcare, education, and criminal justice.1. Government: Institutional racism in the government refers to discriminatory policies and laws that target specific racial or ethnic groups, leading to unequal treatment and opportunities.
2. Healthcare: Institutional racism in healthcare involves healthcare providers' prejudices and biases that lead to poor health outcomes for marginalized communities, such as African Americans. 3. Education: Institutional racism in education includes policies, practices, and attitudes that favor certain racial or ethnic groups over others, leading to disparities in access to education and opportunities.
4. Criminal justice: Institutional racism in the criminal justice system refers to discriminatory policies and practices that disproportionately target African Americans and other minority groups. In post-9/11 America, Arab Muslims have suffered biases and prejudices similar to African Americans due to the prevalent anti-Islamic sentiment and stereotypes.
They have been discriminated against and stereotyped as terrorists, leading to surveillance, profiling, and mistreatment. Many have faced employment discrimination, hate crimes, and social exclusion. This discrimination has led to negative psychological effects, such as anxiety and depression, among Arab Muslims in America.
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The income statement for Natures Way Foods shows gross profit of $152,000, operating expenses of $129.000, and cost of goods sold of $213,000. What is the amount of net sales revenue? A $365,000 OB $342.000 OC $494,000 OD $281,000
The income statement for Natures Way Foods shows gross profit of[tex]$152,000[/tex], operating expenses of [tex]$129.000[/tex], and cost of goods sold of [tex]$213,000.[/tex]
The amount of net sales revenue can be calculated by using the formula:Net Sales = Gross Sales - Returns Inward - Discount Allowed on SalesWe do not have data on returns inward and discount allowed on sales. So, we will use an alternate formula for calculating Net Sales.
Net Sales = Gross Profit + Cost of Goods SoldOrNet Sales = Operating Expenses + Gross Profit + Cost of Goods Sold Putting the given data into the formula, we get:Net Sales [tex]= $152,000 + $213,000= $365,000[/tex]Therefore, the amount of net sales revenue is A.[tex]$365,000[/tex]
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What is the excess of the amount received from the sale of a good over the cost producing it? A. Consumer surplus B. Producer surplus C. Government surplus D. Deadweight loss
The excess of the amount received from the sale of a good over the cost of producing it is known as Producer Surplus. The Correct option is B
Producer surplus refers to the extra profit made by producers (sellers) when they sell their goods at a higher price than the minimum price that they would be willing to sell for. It is the difference between the price that a producer receives for a good and the minimum price they would have sold it for, based on the costs of production.
Producer surplus can be graphically represented on a supply and demand graph by the area above the supply curve and below the market price. The area represents the extra amount that producers receive in surplus profits from selling at the given market price. The larger the producer surplus, the more motivated sellers are to produce and sell goods in the market.The Correct option is B
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Coca-cola is called a global product. Does this mean that Coca-cola is formulated in the same way throughout the world? Discuss in detailed.
Coca-Cola is referred to as a global product, meaning that it is distributed all around the world. However, this does not imply that the beverage is formulated similarly across all regions. The Coca-Cola formula's fundamental components are the same throughout the world.
However, it varies based on the country or region in which it is made. The carbonated soft drink's taste, color, and sugar content can vary significantly from one nation to another.Coca-Cola has over 100 factories worldwide, and each factory produces its own formula based on the local preferences. For example, Coca-Cola produced in Mexico is made with cane sugar instead of corn syrup, which is utilized in the United States.
Other nations prefer different sweeteners, which might significantly affect the drink's flavor and texture.The formula can also differ based on the water source used in the beverage's production. Because water is one of the formula's key components, Coca-Cola in some nations may taste different due to variations in water hardness or mineral content.
To sum up, Coca-Cola is called a global product due to its global distribution. However, it is not manufactured in the same manner across the world. The recipe and formulation can differ depending on the country or region of production, local tastes, and the availability of raw materials.
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13. Lina's Gourmet makes cakes for distribution to upscale restaurants. The company is currently considering making pastries as well. Which one of the following is the best example of an incremental cash flow related to the pastries project? A. storing supplies in the same space currently used for materials storage for cakes B. utilizing the current cakes manager to oversee pastries production C. buying raw materials for inventory related to pastries production D. borrowing money from a bank to fund the purchase of pastries appliances
The best example of an incremental cash flow related to the pastries project would be option C: buying raw materials for inventory related to pastries production. This option involves purchasing additional raw materials specifically for the production of pastries, which is directly related to the new project.
Option A, storing supplies in the same space currently used for materials storage for cakes, does not involve any additional cash flow as it utilizes existing resources. Option B, utilizing the current cakes manager to oversee pastries production, may involve a shift in responsibilities but does not directly affect the cash flow.
Option D, borrowing money from a bank to fund the purchase of pastries appliances, would involve an inflow of cash from the bank, but it is not considered an incremental cash flow as it involves external financing.
Therefore, option C is the best example of an incremental cash flow as it involves the direct purchase of raw materials specifically for the pastries project.
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A project to build a new bridge seems to be going very well since the project is weil ahead of schecule and costs seem to be running very low. A major milestone has been reached where the first two activities have been totally completed and the third activity is 64 percent complete. The planners were expecting to be only 53 percent through the third activity at this time. The first activity involves prepping the site for the bridge. It was expected that this would cost $1,423,000 and it was done for only $1,303,000. The second activity was the pouring of concrete for the bridge. This was expected to cost $10,503,000 but was actually done for $9,003,000. The third and final activity is the actual construction of the bridge superstructure. This was expected to cost a total of $8,503,000. To date they have spent $5,003,000 on the superstructure. Calculate the schedule variance, schedule performance index, and cost performance index for the project to date. (Negative values should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round your intermediate calculations or "variance" values. Round your "performance index" values to 3 decimal places.)
The Schedule Variance (SV) ,Schedule Performance Index (SPI) and Cost Performance Index (CPI) for the project are $898,610, 1.062, 0.991 respectively.
Schedule Variance (SV)
Schedule variance is the difference between the actual progress of the project and the planned schedule progress. The formula for calculating schedule variance (SV) is:
SV = EV - PV Where;
EV = Earned Value
PV = Planned Value
Given that the first two activities have been completed and the third is 64% complete, the earned value is:
Earned Value = (EV of Activity 1) + (EV of Activity 2) + (64% x EV of Activity 3)
Earned Value = ($1,303,000) + ($9,003,000) + (0.64 x $8,503,000)
Earned Value = $15,294,200
Planned Value = (Planned value of Activity 1) + (Planned value of Activity 2) + (Planned value of Activity 3 x % completion)
Planned Value = ($1,423,000) + ($10,503,000) + ($8,503,000 x 0.53)
Planned Value = $14,395,590
Therefore , SV = EV - PV = $15,294,200 - $14,395,590 = $898,610
Therefore the Schedule Variance (SV) for the project is $898,610
Schedule Performance Index (SPI)
Schedule performance index measures the progress of the project with respect to the planned schedule. The formula for calculating schedule performance index (SPI) is:
SPI = EV/PV
Given that the earned value is $15,294,200 and planned value is $14,395,590
SPI = EV/PV = $15,294,200/$14,395,590 = 1.062
Therefore the Schedule Performance Index (SPI) for the project is 1.062
Cost Performance Index (CPI)
Cost Performance Index measures the progress of the project with respect to the planned budget. The formula for calculating cost performance index (CPI) is:
CPI = EV/AC
Given that the earned value is $15,294,200 and the actual cost is $15,429,000
CPI = EV/AC = $15,294,200/$15,429,000 = 0.991
Therefore the Cost Performance Index (CPI) for the project is 0.991.
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eBay is undoubtedly the largest auction site on the internet and prides itself as the biggest online shopping mall with over 100 million registered users. eBay is also the best known online auction site. Take a position whether selling personal property on am internet auctions site is the safest marketplace platform for both buyers and sellers that meets UCC requirements. (Reference pages attached.)
Selling personal property on an internet auction site is the safest marketplace platform for both buyers and sellers that meet UCC requirements.
The United Commercial Code, or UCC, is a model statute that governs commercial transactions, and it has been adopted, with some variations, in all 50 states in the United States.
Personal property is any property that is not real property, such as land or buildings. Online auctions are now the preferred method of buying and selling personal property, with eBay being the most well-known platform.
eBay is undoubtedly the largest auction site on the internet and prides itself as the biggest online shopping mall with over 100 million registered users.
There are a few reasons why selling personal property on an internet auction site is the safest marketplace platform for both buyers and sellers that meet UCC requirements.
First, internet auctions provide a secure and controlled environment for buying and selling personal property. eBay, for example, has a range of security features that help prevent fraud and ensure the safety of transactions.
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The NBC Company bond has a face value of $15,000, a life of 20 years, and a coupon rate of 9%. If similar bonds have an interest rate of 10%, calculate the market price of The NBC bond. Is it selling for a premium, a discount or par?
The market price of The NBC Company bond is $13,980. It is selling at a discount.
To calculate the market price of The NBC Company bond, we need to determine the present value of its future cash flows. The bond has a face value of $15,000 and a coupon rate of 9%. The coupon payment can be calculated as 9% of the face value, which is $15,000 * 0.09 = $1,350 per year.
Since the bond has a life of 20 years, we can use the formula for the present value of an annuity to calculate the present value of the coupon payments. Using an interest rate of 10%, the discount rate, we have:
PV = C * ((1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r)
Where PV is the present value, C is the coupon payment, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of years.
Plugging in the values, we get:
PV = $1,350 * ((1 - (1 + 0.10)^(-20)) / 0.10)
PV ≈ $15,097.83
To calculate the market price, we also need to consider the present value of the face value, which is simply the face value discounted by the interest rate:
PV_face value = $15,000 / (1 + 0.10)^20
PV_face value ≈ $2,117.65
The market price is the sum of the present value of the coupon payments and the present value of the face value:
Market price = PV + PV_face value
Market price ≈ $15,097.83 + $2,117.65
Market price ≈ $13,980.48
The market price of The NBC Company bond is approximately $13,980.48. Since the market price is lower than the face value, the bond is selling at a discount.
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The Walt Disney Company offers a MagicBand to all customers vising their parks. The MagicBand is a wristband with an RFID chip that transmits over 40 feet to track real-time information on customer locations throughout its park. The magic of this data is how Disney analyzes the data to help provide its customers with the ultimate service and convenience while in the park. Armed with customer and location data, park employees can personally greet customers at restaurants and rides, offer products and shows customers will favor, inform customers of wait times for rides, and even connect to their credit cards so there is no need to carry cash.
1) Name two things that you believe Walt Disney is doing with this data long after the customers exit the park?
2) What types of issues do you see with a connected world by using the MagicBand?
Walt Disney could leverage the data collected from MagicBands for personalized marketing and improving park operations.
Two things that Walt Disney could be doing with the data collected from the MagicBands long after customers exit the park are:
a) Personalized marketing and targeted advertising: Disney can use the data to gain insights into customer preferences and behaviors. This information can be leveraged to create targeted marketing campaigns, personalized offers, and customized advertisements that are tailored to individual guests.
By analyzing the data, Disney can better understand customer demographics, interests, and spending patterns, allowing them to deliver more relevant and engaging marketing messages even after the park visit.
b) Improving park operations and experiences: The data collected from the MagicBands can provide valuable insights into crowd movements, popular attractions, wait times, and overall park operations.
Disney can analyze this data to optimize park layouts, identify bottlenecks, and make informed decisions to enhance guest experiences. It can also help them identify patterns and trends over time, enabling them to make data-driven improvements in future park designs and offerings.
While the MagicBand and its connected world offer several conveniences and benefits, there are also potential issues to consider:
a) Privacy concerns: The collection of detailed customer location and activity data raises privacy concerns. Some customers may feel uncomfortable with the amount of personal information being collected and stored by Disney. There is a need for transparent policies and clear consent mechanisms to address these concerns.
b) Data security risks: With the vast amount of customer data being collected and transmitted, there is an increased risk of data breaches and unauthorized access. Safeguarding the data from hackers and ensuring robust security measures are in place is crucial to maintain customer trust.
c) Overreliance on technology: A connected world heavily dependent on the MagicBand may result in a loss of human interaction and personalized experiences.
While automation and data-driven insights can enhance convenience, it is essential to strike a balance between technology and the human touch to maintain the magic and unique charm of Disney's parks.
d) Inequality and exclusion: Not all guests may have access to or be comfortable using the MagicBand technology. This can create a divide between those who can fully benefit from the connected world and those who cannot, potentially leading to feelings of exclusion or unequal treatment.
Addressing these issues requires careful consideration of privacy, security, inclusivity, and finding the right balance between leveraging technology and preserving the unique experiences that Disney's parks offer.
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LT Corporation obtained a 60-day short-term loan amounting to 1,000,000. The interest charge is 12% per annum. The loan was released on March 1, 2019 and will mature on April 30, 2019. The interest should be paid at the end of the term. How much accrued interest did FLT Corporation have, as a form of short-term financing, on March 15, 2019?
On March 15, 2019, FLT Corporation had accrued interest amounting to $30,000 as a form of short-term financing.
To calculate the accrued interest, we need to determine the number of days from the loan release date to March 15, 2019. In this case, it is 15 days (March 1 to March 15).
Using the formula: Accrued Interest = Principal x Interest Rate x (Number of Days / 360)
Principal: $1,000,000
Interest Rate: 12% per annum
Number of Days: 15
Accrued Interest = $1,000,000 x 0.12 x (15 / 360)
Accrued Interest = $30,000
Therefore, FLT Corporation had accrued interest amounting to $30,000 on March 15, 2019, as a form of short-term financing.
Accrued interest is a common feature of loans, where the interest accumulates over time until it is paid at the end of the loan term. In this case, FLT Corporation obtained a 60-day short-term loan of $1,000,000 with an annual interest rate of 12%. By calculating the accrued interest for a specific date, we found that on March 15, 2019, the company had accrued $30,000 in interest. It is essential for businesses to keep track of accrued interest to ensure accurate financial reporting and proper budgeting for the repayment of the loan.
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Warehouse management system (WMS) is essential in warehouse
operation. This is complemented by the Automated Storage and
Retrieval System (ASRS) and Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) forklift,
which can r
Warehouse management system (WMS) is an essential tool in warehouse operations. It is an integral part of managing a warehouse since it helps to manage inventory, monitor product movements, and maintain accurate records of goods.
It is designed to manage the storage and flow of products, facilitate the handling of goods, and optimize the utilization of resources within the warehouse.WMS provides an array of benefits such as improved inventory accuracy, reduced labor costs, increased productivity, better customer service, and streamlined warehouse operations.
Warehouse management systems, Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems, and Autonomous Mobile Robot forklifts are all critical components of modern warehouse operations. By adopting these technologies, warehouse managers can improve the efficiency of their operations, reduce labor costs, and improve the accuracy of inventory management. These technologies are poised to transform the industry, and they offer a glimpse into the future of warehouse operations.
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Ms. Jane Kim, purchasing manager of Kuantan ATV, Inc., is negotiating a contract to buy 20,000 units of a common component part from a supplier. Jane has done a preliminary cost analysis on manufacturing the part in-house and concluded that she would need to invest $50,000 in capital equipment and incur a variable cost of $25 per unit to manufacture the part in-house. Assuming the total fixed cost to draft a contract with her supplier is $1,000, what is the maximum purchase price that she should negotiate with her supplier? What other factors should she negotiate with the suppliers? ( Please explain how you got your answer from the calculations)
Given Information: Ms. Jane Kim, purchasing manager of Kuantan ATV, Inc., is negotiating a contract to buy 20,000 units of a common component part from a supplier. Jane has done a preliminary cost analysis on manufacturing the part in-house and concluded.
Solution: The maximum purchase price that she should negotiate with her supplier can be found by calculating the cost of manufacturing the component part in-house and comparing it with the cost of buying from the supplier. If the cost of manufacturing the part in-house is more than buying from the supplier, then she should buy from the supplier.
Let's calculate the cost of manufacturing the component part in-house:
Fixed Cost = $50,000
Variable Cost = $25
Number of Units = 20,000
Total Cost of Manufacturing in-house = Fixed Cost + Variable Cost * Number of Units= $50,000 + $25 * 20,000= $550,000
Now, let's find the maximum purchase price that she should negotiate with her supplier:
Total Cost of Manufacturing by Supplier = Maximum Purchase Price * Number of Units
Total Cost of Manufacturing by Supplier = Fixed Cost + Variable Cost * Number of Units + Total Fixed Cost$550,000 = Maximum Purchase Price * 20,000 + $1,000
Maximum Purchase Price = ($550,000 - $1,000) / 20,000
Maximum Purchase Price = $27.45
Therefore, the maximum purchase price that she should negotiate with her supplier is $27.45.
Factors that she should negotiate with her suppliers are:- Quality of the product.- Timely delivery of the product.- Payment terms (mode, period, discounts, etc.).- Price adjustment in case of a large order.- Warranty/guarantee.- Packaging and labeling of the product.
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What does "slack" mean in projects? What does positive slack and negative slack represent? Describe in 50-100 words.
In project management, slack refers to the amount of time by which a task or an activity within a project can be delayed without causing a delay to the overall project completion date.
It is also known as float or buffer.Positive slack refers to the amount of time by which a task or an activity can be delayed without affecting the project completion date. This means that the project can still be completed within the deadline, even if the task is not completed on the scheduled date.
Negative slack, on the other hand, refers to the amount of time by which a task or an activity must be completed in order to avoid delaying the overall project completion date. If the task is not completed within the scheduled time, it will cause a delay in the project completion date.Therefore, positive slack represents the flexibility in the project schedule, while negative slack represents the potential delay and risk to the project completion date.
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Amazing Manufacturing, Inc., has been considering the purchase of a new manufacturing facility for $520,000. The facility is to be fully depreciated on a straight-line basis over seven years. It is expected to have no resale value at that time. Operating revenues from the facility are expected to be $400,000, in nominal terms, at the end of the first year. The revenues are expected to increase at the inflation rate of 5 percent. Production costs at the end of the first year will be $245,000, in nominal terms, and they are expected to increase at 6 percent per year. The real discount rate is 8 percent. The corporate tax rate is 23 percent. Calculate the NPV of the project. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16)
The NPV of the project is $363714.08
To calculate the NPV of the project, we need to discount the cash flows to present value and subtract the initial investment.
First, let's calculate the operating revenues for each year. Since the revenues are expected to increase at the inflation rate of 5 percent,
the revenues for the second year would be $400,000 * (1 + 0.05) = $420,000. Similarly,
the revenues for the third year would be $420,000 * (1 + 0.05) = $441,000,
revenues for the year 4 would be $441000*(1+0.05)= $463050
revenues for the year 5 would be $463050*(1+0.05) = $486 202.5
revenues for the year 6 would be $486 202.5 *(1+0.05) = $510512.63
revenues for the year 7 would be $510512.63*(1+0.05) = $536038.26
Next, let's calculate the production costs for each year. Since the costs are expected to increase at 6 percent per year, the costs for the second year would be $245,000 * (1 + 0.06) = $259,700. Similarly,
the costs for the third year would be $259,700 * (1 + 0.06) = $275,582,
the costs for the fourth year would be $275582*(1+0.06) = $292116.92
the costs for the fifth year would be $292116.92*(1+0.06)= $309643.93
the costs for the sixth year would be $309643.93*(1+0.06)= $328222.57
the costs for the seventh year would be $328222.57*(1+0.06)= $347915.92
Now, let's calculate the cash flows for each year by subtracting the production costs from the operating revenues.
Year 1 cash flow = Operating revenues - Production costs = $400,000 - $245,000 = $155,000
Year 2 cash flow = $420,000 - $259,700 = $160,300
Year 3 cash flow = $441,000 - $275,582 = $165,418
Year 4 cash flow = $463,050 - $292116.92 = $170933.08
Year 5 cash flow = $486,202.5 - $309643.93 = $176558.57
Year 6 cash flow = $510,512.63 - $328222.57 = $182290.06
Year 7 cash flow = $536,038.26 - $347915.92 = $188122.34
Now, let's discount these cash flows to present value using the real discount rate of 8 percent.
Present value of Year 1 cash flow = $155,000 / (1 + 0.08) = $143,518.52
Present value of Year 2 cash flow = $160,300 / (1 + 0.08)^2 = $137,678.53
Present value of Year 3 cash flow = $165,418 / (1 + 0.08)^3 = $132,072.07
Present value of Year 4 cash flow = $170933.08/ (1 + 0.08)^4 = $125 640.92
Present value of Year 5 cash flow = $176558.57 / (1 + 0.08)^5 = $120 162.80
Present value of Year 6 cash flow = $182290.06/ (1 + 0.08)^6 = $114 873.66
Present value of Year 7 cash flow = $188122.34 / (1 + 0.08)^7 = $109 767.58
Finally, let's calculate the NPV by summing up the present values of the cash flows and subtracting the initial investment.
NPV = Sum of present values - Initial investment
= $143,518.52 + $137,678.53 + $132,072.07 +$125 640.92 +$120 162.80 + $114 873.66 + $109 767.58 - $520,000
NPV = $363714.08
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information, what is a good estimate of C 0
per SKU to use in an EOQ model? Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
To estimate the cost per SKU (stock keeping unit) for use in an Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model, you would need specific cost information related to the SKU, such as purchase cost, holding cost, and ordering cost. The cost per SKU includes various elements such as the cost of the product, transportation costs, storage costs, and any other associated costs.
Without specific cost information, it is not possible to provide an accurate estimate of C0 per SKU for the EOQ model. The cost per SKU can vary significantly depending on the nature of the product, industry, supplier relationships, and other factors specific to the business.
To determine an appropriate estimate of C0 per SKU, it is recommended to gather detailed cost data from relevant sources, including invoices, supplier quotations, financial records, and other relevant documents. By analyzing the specific costs associated with the SKU, you can calculate a more accurate estimate to be used in the EOQ model.
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Entries for Installment Note Transactions On January 1, Year 1, Bryson Company obtained a $33,000, four-year, 8% installment note from Campbell Bank. The note requires annual payments of $9,963, beginning on December 31, Year 1. Year Ending December 31 Year 1 a. Prepare an amortization table for this installment note, similar to the one presented in Exhibit 4. Note: Enter all amounts to the nearest whole dollar. Round Year 4 Interest Expense (up or down) to ensure the carrying amount is zero at the end of the note term. Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Feedback eBook January 1 Carrying Amount 33,000 25,677 ✔ 17,768 ✔ 9,226 ✔ gnment Score: 79.08% Show Me How Amortization of Installment Notes Interest Expense (7% of January 1 Note Carrying Amount) 2,640 ✓ 2,054 ✔ 1,421 ✔ 738 X 6,853 X Note Payment (Cash Paid) 9,963 ✔ 9,963 ✔ 9,963 ✔ 9,963 ✔ 39,852 Check My Work 1 more Check My Work uses remaining. Decrease in Notes Payable 7,323 ✔ 7,909 ✔ 8,542 ✔ All work saved. 9,225 X 32,999 X December 31 Carrying Amount 25,677 ✔ 17,768 ✔ Check My Work a. Review Exhibit 4 in the text. The cash payment is the same in each year. The interest and principal repayment, however, change each year. This is because the carrying 9,227 X 0 Email Instructor Save and Exit Previous Next > Submit Assignment for Grading
For the installment note, given the following information, the following is the table: January 1 Carrying Amount Interest Expense (7% of January 1 Note Carrying Amount)
Note Payment (Cash Paid) Decrease in Notes Payable December 31 Carrying Amount 33,000 2,640 9,963 7,323 25,67725,677 1,797 9,963 7,909 17,76817,768 1,243 9,963 8,542 9,2269,226 483 9,963 9,2250Calculation:Interest expense = Note Carrying Amount x Interest rate 7% Year 1 = $33,000 x 7% = $2,310 Year 2 = $25,677 x 7% = $1,797 Year 3 = $17,768 x 7% = $1,243 Year 4 = $9,226 x 7% = $645Note Payment = Annual payment $9,963 for four yearsDecrease in Notes Payable = Note Payment - Interest Expense
Year 1 = $9,963 - $2,310 = $7,323Year 2 = $9,963 - $1,797 = $7,909Year 3 = $9,963 - $1,243 = $8,542 Year 4 = $9,963 - $645 = $9,225December 31 Carrying Amount = Carrying Amount - Decrease in Notes Payable
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For the stock of Kaylynn's Knobby Kitchen, PLC., the next 3 annual dividends have been forecasted (consensus) as : $3.76,$3.48, and $3.31. If the terminal growth rate is 2.7%, and the cost of equity is 17.7%, what is the price TODAY? Select one: a. $14.69 b. $30.40 c. $25.72 d. insufficient information to determine e. $29.80 f. $21.64 g. $7.74
The given annual dividends are $3.76, $3.48, and $3.31. The terminal growth rate is 2.7%, and the cost of equity is 17.7%. We need to determine the price today. Therefore, the correct option is e. $29.80.
What is dividend discount model?The Dividend Discount Model (DDM) is a process for valuing a stock's price based on the anticipated dividends, which is the distribution of a company's profit to shareholders, and the expected growth rate of those dividends. Investors believe that dividend-paying stocks, in particular, are more desirable because they provide a source of revenue even when stock prices are declining.The dividend discount model (DDM) is a useful tool for valuing dividend-paying stocks. The dividend discount model is based on the assumption that the present value of future dividends is the stock's intrinsic value.The dividend discount model makes use of three inputs: the dividends per share, the discount rate, and the dividend growth rate.
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