joan calls a computer company for assistance and is transferred to several people. after she is on the phone for 30 additional minutes, she is disconnected. what has joan just experienced?

The statement for Aristotle, knowledge comes from studying the way things come into being, what they are made of and what they are for is TRUE.

Aristotle believed in the power of observation and analysis of the natural world to gain knowledge. He believed that by studying the natural world, we can gain an understanding of how things come into being, what they are made of, and what their purpose is. This process of observation and analysis is called empiricism, which is the foundation of scientific inquiry.

Aristotle believed that knowledge is not just about facts and figures, but also about understanding the world around us and our place in it. He emphasized the importance of developing practical skills and virtues, such as wisdom, courage, and justice, to live a good life. Aristotle's philosophy of knowledge and ethics has had a significant influence on Western thought and continues to be studied and debated today.

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Karl Lashley concluded that memories are not stored in specific areas of the brain but are distributed throughout the cortex.

Karl Lashley's research involved lesioning different areas of the cortex in rats and observing the effects on their ability to perform a maze task. Despite lesioning various parts of the cortex, he found that rats were still able to remember and perform the task, although their performance was impaired.

This led him to conclude that memories are not localized to specific areas of the brain but are instead distributed throughout the cortex.

Lashley referred to this idea as the principle of mass action, which states that the effectiveness of cortical processing is dependent on the amount of cortex involved, rather than the specific location of that cortex. This idea had significant implications for our understanding of how memories are stored and retrieved in the brain.

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The statement "coaches should guide athletes to view success in terms of winning or losing rather than achieving their (the athlete's') goals" is  False.

Coaches should guide athletes to view success in terms of achieving their goals rather than just winning or losing.

While winning is often an important goal in sports, it is not the only goal, and focusing solely on winning can lead to negative outcomes such as stress, anxiety, and burnout. By encouraging athletes to set and achieve their own goals, coaches can help them develop a sense of mastery and self-efficacy, which can lead to greater motivation and enjoyment of the sport.

Additionally, focusing on goal achievement can help athletes develop skills such as perseverance, resilience, and the ability to learn from mistakes, which can be valuable in all aspects of life.

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Jankowski's research on gangs suggests that the main driving force is the desire for respect and status within their peer group and community.

It is important to note that there are many different perspectives on the driving force behind the worldview and behavior of gangs in America. However,

Jankowski argues that gangs provide a sense of belonging and identity for marginalized youth who may feel disconnected from mainstream society. Gang members seek to gain respect and recognition through displays of toughness, loyalty to their gang, and the acquisition of material possessions.

This desire for respect and status within the gang is often linked to the experience of poverty, discrimination, and a lack of opportunities.

Jankowski's research suggests that the desire for respect and status is a powerful motivator for gang members and that this drive can lead to violent and criminal behavior as they seek to defend their reputation and maintain their position within the gang hierarchy .

However, it is important to note that this is just one perspective on the complex factors that contribute to gang behavior, and there are many other factors that may play a role.

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All of the following statements regarding the Auburn System of prisons are true, except: c. prisoners were assigned to rooms with multiple inmates bunking together.

The Auburn System was a penal system developed in the early 19th century in Auburn, New York. Therefore C) prisoners were assigned to rooms with multiple inmates bunking together, is the correct answer. It was characterized by a strict regimen and enforced silence. Here is a brief explanation of the other statements:

a. Prisoners were forbidden to speak to one another at any time. This is true because the Auburn System was based on the principle of complete silence. Inmates were not allowed to speak with each other at any time, even during work hours or recreational activities. This was meant to promote reflection and repentance.

b. Prisoners were required to work to provide their own keep. This is also true. In the Auburn System, inmates were required to perform labor, such as manufacturing goods or engaging in agricultural work. This helped offset the costs of running the prison and provided inmates with valuable skills they could use after their release.

d. Prisoners were regimented in military-type formation. This is true as well. In the Auburn System, inmates were required to march in military-style formations during their daily activities, such as moving from their cells to the work area or dining hall. This strict discipline and organization were intended to instill a sense of order and respect for authority.

In contrast to statement c, the Auburn System actually had prisoners housed in individual cells rather than in rooms with multiple inmates. This was done to promote solitary reflection and prevent prisoners from communicating with each other, which would undermine the silence and isolation that were central to the system's philosophy.

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The diverse fabric of organizations created by people, not necessarily political, to help define and advance their own interests is known as civil society.

Civil society is the diverse network of organizations and institutions that exist outside of government and for-profit businesses. Non-governmental organizations, charities, and volunteer organizations, as well as formal organizations such as professional associations, labor unions, and political parties, are all examples of civil society institutions.

Civil society is an essential component of a democratic society since it provides a platform for individuals to interact, voice their views, and collaborate on common concerns. Civil society is one of the most significant contributors to democratic governance because it keeps the government accountable to the people. In developing democracies, a healthy and robust civil society is critical for promoting democratic governance and preventing authoritarian rule.

Therefore, civil society can be defined as a variety of organizations formed by individuals to promote their interests and goals.

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Dr. Myers uses a special measure combining information from separate indicators into one score. He is most likely using a(n) index.

What is an index?

An index is a statistical measure that summarizes and simplifies complex data sets, making it easier to analyze and interpret. An index is a measurement system that combines and compares a variety of separate measures or indicators to create a comprehensive picture of a particular phenomenon, such as economic development or social progress.

The index may be used to measure or evaluate a wide range of variables such as political stability, environmental quality, or economic development, among other things.

When a researcher combines data from various indicators or measures, they create an index that represents a more complete and detailed picture of the situation. This makes it simpler to interpret the data and to compare various regions or timeframes.

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The social activities and living conditions of the lower castes typically differ significantly from those of the upper castes.

Lower castes generally have fewer resources and opportunities for social activities, such as attending social gatherings, as well as less access to education, healthcare, and other services.

Lower castes may live in crowded, unsanitary conditions with limited access to basic amenities. In contrast, upper castes often have more resources and access to better living conditions and a higher standard of living.

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Naturalistic observation is a research method where the researcher observes behavior in a natural setting, without manipulating or controlling any of the conditions.

While it is useful for making observations in a natural setting over an extended period of time, it is less useful for other purposes, such as developing theories based on observation, investigating complex social settings, and studying well-defined hypotheses under precisely specified conditions.

For developing theories based on observation, naturalistic observation has its limits. While it can help a researcher understand how behavior appears in its natural environment, the researcher cannot control the environment, and therefore cannot draw definitive conclusions about how a particular behavior is caused.

Investigating complex social settings can also be difficult with naturalistic observation, as the environment may be too unpredictable and dynamic to observe behavior in a controlled way. Naturalistic observation can also be difficult to apply to studies of well-defined hypotheses under precisely specified conditions, as the natural environment may not be conducive to conducting a tightly-controlled experiment.

Overall, naturalistic observation is a useful method for making observations in a natural setting over an extended period of time, but it is less useful for developing theories based on observation, investigating complex social settings, and studying well-defined hypotheses under precisely specified conditions.

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Genocide is the intentional destruction of a particular ethnic or racial group, either through direct killing, imposing living conditions that lead to death, or through deliberate measures that prevent birth among the group in question.

What is not a significant factor that leads to genocide?

Unequal distribution of resources is not a major factor leading to genocide. Economic, political, or social instability is a significant factor that can lead to genocide.

The death toll in any genocide is influenced by a range of factors. There are several factors that can lead to genocide, but some are more significant than others. To avoid a catastrophe, nations must identify the causes of genocide and make attempts to prevent them before they occur.

Political, economic, and social factors all play a part in genocidal acts. In most circumstances, genocidal actions are the result of the culmination of numerous contributing factors, both long-term and immediate. Nevertheless, economic, political, or social instability is a significant factor that can lead to genocide. If people are unhappy, hungry, and live in fear, the likelihood of a violent reaction increases, which could include genocide.

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Behavioral therapists believe that client behaviors are symptoms of an underlying problem, rather than the problem itself.

In other words, client behaviors are often a manifestation of a deeper disturbance in the unconscious. For example, phobias are a type of behavior that can be traced back to a traumatic experience, anxiety disorder, or other underlying issue. Therefore, the answer to this question is none of the above.

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The study of people's vital statistics, such as their ages, births, deaths, and locations, is called Demography.

What is Demography?

Demography is the scientific study of human population dynamics. It entails the examination of the size, structure, and distribution of populations, as well as population change due to births, deaths, and migration. In other words, Demography is the statistical and mathematical study of human population, focusing on patterns of birth, death, and migration.

Below mentioned are the components of Demography: Population Size - The total number of individuals in a given population. Population Density - The number of people per unit of land area. Population Distribution - The pattern of population in a region or an area. Population Age Structure - The distribution of people by age. Population Composition - The distribution of people by sex, marital status, education, and religion.

Population Change - The increase or decrease in the number of people in a particular region or area. Demography is concerned with studying the causes and consequences of population change, as well as the social and economic factors that contribute to population change. The demographic transition is a concept that explains the sequence of events that occur as countries move from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.

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Even though Dwight studies hard, does all his homework, and even goes to group study sessions, he is always sure he has failed an exam as soon as he turns it in. Dwight is a(n) pessimist.

They discovered that desire, capability, and opportunity—both internal and external factors—are the three main forces behind changing behavior. They are all related and can have an impact on one another.

The term locus of control describes how much a person thinks they have control over their lives. A person who has an internal locus of control will think that their own skills, decisions, or mistakes have a significant impact on the events that occur to them.

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When it comes to the most accurate description of the employment growth rate in various sectors of the economy between 1860-1910, the answer would be option C: The manufacturing sector grew the most, followed by railroads, but agricultural employment decreased.

In the United States, the economy underwent significant changes between 1860 and 1910. During this period, the country's economic structure shifted from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy.

This period saw a significant increase in industrial production and industrial employment, as well as a decline in the number of workers employed in the agricultural sector. Agricultural workers were substituted by new technologies such as the mechanical reaper.

The railroad sector also saw growth, with the development of the transcontinental railroad, which linked the east coast with the west coast.

According to the most accurate description of the employment growth rate in various sectors of the economy between 1860-1910, option C states that the manufacturing sector grew the most, followed by railroads, but agricultural employment decreased.

As mentioned earlier, the economy of the United States underwent significant changes during this period. The country's economic structure shifted from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy, leading to an increase in industrial production and industrial employment, as well as a decline in the number of workers employed in the agricultural sector.

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Most of the people in Ghana subscribed to Christianity, Islam, and traditional religions. Christianity has been the main religion since colonial times, with Muslims making up a small portion of the population. Traditional religions are also present in Ghana, and include ancestor worship, animal sacrifice, and belief in spirits and forces of nature.

The influence of these religions on Ghana's decline has been in their spread of specific cultural values, as well as in their emphasis on social and economic stratification. Christian values of hard work, education, and morality were seen as key components of progress, while traditional religions tended to emphasize traditional social norms. This led to the emergence of a strongly class-based society, with those in higher classes enjoying greater wealth and power.

Islam's influence on Ghanaian culture has also been significant, with its emphasis on egalitarianism and a communal approach to problem solving. This has often been in direct contrast to Christian and traditional values, resulting in tensions between different religious groups. Additionally, Islamic influences have resulted in restrictions on personal freedoms, such as the suppression of women's rights, and the discouragement of certain types of expression.

In summary, Ghana's decline has been heavily impacted by the spread of Christianity, Islam, and traditional religions. These religions have introduced specific values, beliefs, and practices which have had both positive and negative effects on Ghanaian society.

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Video games often romanticize violence and the objectification of women. This contributes to an increase in aggressive behavior and the perpetuation of harmful gender stereotypes.

Violent video games can increase aggression in players. According to research, players who play violent video games are more likely to engage in physical fights, exhibit aggressive behavior, and get into trouble with the authorities, compared to players who don't play these games. In addition, several studies have shown that violent video games can lead to desensitization to violence and an increased likelihood of being desensitized to violence.

Individuals who play violent video games are more likely to exhibit aggressive behavior, according to studies. They also tend to show a decreased sense of empathy towards victims of violence. Furthermore, video games that feature female characters who are overtly sexualized or objectified contribute to gender stereotypes that are harmful to women.

These stereotypes portray women as nothing more than sexual objects, reinforcing patriarchal attitudes towards gender. In conclusion, it's important to be mindful of the impact that video games can have on young people and to promote games that are nonviolent and that celebrate diversity in gender and race.

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Communication satisfaction is an abstract term that is used to describe how content a person is with communication.

It is generally believed that communication satisfaction is reached when a member achieves an acceptable level of satisfaction with the group to which they belong.

In other words, communication satisfaction occurs when a member reaches an acceptable level of desire to stay in a group. Communication satisfaction is the degree to which communication contributes to satisfying the needs and goals of individuals and organizations.

It is a positive outcome of communication that results in mutual understanding. Communication satisfaction is based on the process of communication, the outcomes of communication, and the characteristics of the communicator.

Communication satisfaction refers to the degree to which a member is content with the communication in a group or organization. Satisfaction with communication is critical for group members to feel connected and engaged.

Members who are satisfied with the communication in their group are more likely to remain with the group and contribute to its success.

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A structural or systematic effort to change policies, common practices, procedures, and laws to advance social justice for a larger segment of society is known as social activism.

Social activism is a broad term for any type of intentional effort to bring about social change and justice, whether through advocating for a cause, creating public awareness, or supporting grassroots efforts.

It is a way to make a difference in society by actively engaging in activities such as protests, petitioning, lobbying, grassroots organizing, civil disobedience, public speaking, fundraising, and boycotts.

Social activism seeks to challenge existing social and political systems to ensure equitable outcomes for all members of a society, regardless of race, class, gender, or other identities.

Through collective action, social activism can help shift cultural attitudes and work toward social, political, and economic change.

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Sacagawea's role in the important Raps expedition is crucial.

Sacagawea proved to become a priceless asset to the expedition. She acted as a translator because she was fluent in the native languages, which aided her in negotiating trading activities with local tribes and explaining that her group had arrived in peace. She also served as their guidance because she was born and raised in the area and knew not just to what to see but also how to use the land. She was only approximately 15 years old at the time and had just offered birth to a baby.

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In the given scenario, Joanne's example illustrates the availability heuristic.

Heuristics are practical guidelines that can be used for decision-making based on a more limited range of available data. Because they rely on less information than procedures that require more information, heuristics are supposed to enable quicker decision-making than those techniques. The availability heuristic, a mental quick cut that includes making decisions based on the ease with which instances spring to mind, is demonstrated by Joanne's example.

In the given case, Joanne is relying on the information that is most readily available to her the news reports she hears about muggings and robberies in her city to make a decision about the safety of going out at night. The availability heuristic makes Joanne believe that the danger of becoming a victim of crime is high based on the vivid and memorable stories she hears in the news, despite the fact that crime rates have decreased in her city.

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There was at least two other diagnosable mental illnesses that co-occurred with the bulimia nervosa is not one of those factors.

Latent infections frequently experience relapse and remission.In most cases, a latent infection is when an infectious agent is present in the body without any symptoms. This time of incubation without specific diseases, particularly measles and smallpox, is an example of a latent infection.

The majority of viruses that cause diseases usually clear up in a few days or weeks for the immune system. However, some viruses, known as latent viruses or bacteria, remain in the body for a long time. As a result, they are referred to as "latent," and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), HIV, herpesviruses, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are examples.

DISCLAIMER The question is incomplete.

Relapse is a major problem for those suffering from bulimia nervosa. Studies have found certain factors that more accurately predict future relapse after successful treatment. Which is NOT one of those factors?

-There was at least two other diagnosable mental illnesses that co-occurred with the bulimia nervosa.

-Exposure and response prevention

-Relatively little is known about the aftermath of the disorder.

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The term that refers to the policy-setting agenda to adopt equitable forms of consideration for distinct ethnic, religious, and racial groups without promoting any particular group as being dominant or central in identification is "multiculturalism."

A social and political philosophy known as multiculturalism upholds and values the diversity of various cultural groups within a society. It promotes laws and procedures that guarantee all people the same opportunities and treatment regardless of their cultural backgrounds, while also appreciating and savoring the distinctive cultural identities of various groups.

Instead of attempting to assimilate everyone into a dominant cultural group, multiculturalism aims to create a more accepting and tolerant society that values and respects the differences among its members. By urging people to learn about and appreciate various cultures, it aims to foster social harmony and lessen discrimination and prejudice.

Many nations, such as Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom, have made multiculturalism an official policy.

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The statement that is not a problem in interpreting the results of a polygraph test is "polygraph results are objective in nature." In reality, polygraph results are subjective and open to interpretation.

There is no definitive physiological reaction that proves deception, and the interpretation of results depends on the examiner's judgment. Furthermore, validity evidence for polygraph testing is sparse, and some people can lie without experiencing emotional arousal. Moreover, emotional arousal can occur when telling the truth, leading to false positives. These issues have led to concerns about the reliability and accuracy of polygraph testing in legal and employment contexts. Therefore, it is crucial to approach polygraph results with caution and recognize their limitations.

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Answer:

The Byzantine Empire shifted its capital from Rome to Constantinople, changed the official religion to Christianity, and changed the official language from Latin to Greek.

Answer:

True, in intimate relationships, it is often the case that the person who is least invested in the relationship has the most power. This dynamic is based on the concept of "interdependence theory," which suggests that the power balance in a relationship is determined by each person's level of investment and dependence on the other.

Explanation:
To explain this further, let's consider the following steps:

1. In any intimate relationship, both partners rely on each other for emotional, social, and sometimes financial support. This interdependence creates a sense of vulnerability for both individuals.

2. When one person is less invested in the relationship, they may feel less dependent on their partner for these various types of support. This independence can lead to a greater sense of autonomy and control over their own life and decisions.

3. On the other hand, the partner who is more invested in the relationship is likely to feel more dependent on the other person for their happiness and well-being. This increased dependence can result in a reduced sense of autonomy and control over their own life.

4. As a result, the partner who is least invested in the relationship may have more power to dictate the terms of the relationship, make decisions, and even decide whether to continue or end the relationship. This dynamic can lead to an imbalance in the relationship, with one partner feeling more empowered and in control, while the other feels more vulnerable and at the mercy of their partner's decisions.

In summary, it is true that the person who is least invested in an intimate relationship often has the most power. This power dynamic is based on the interdependence theory, which suggests that power is determined by each individual's level of investment and dependence on their partner.

The partner who is least invested in the relationship may feel more independent and in control, while the partner who is more invested may feel more vulnerable and dependent on the other person.

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Theorists who support the social cognitive approach believe that the expression of personality behavior depends on personal constructs, outcome expectancies, and the locus of control.

What is personality behavior? Personality behavior is an individual's distinctive approach of thinking, feeling, and acting. Personality behavior varies from one individual to another, and it may alter throughout a person's life. Personal constructs, outcome expectancies, and the locus of control are believed to influence personality behavior.

What is  Social cognitive approach? The social cognitive approach is a perspective that examines how people interpret, remember, and make sense of their social experiences. This approach emphasizes the role of observation, imitation, reinforcement, and punishment in shaping human behavior. The social cognitive approach suggests that personality behavior is influenced by three factors: personal constructs, outcome expectancies, and the locus of control.

Personal constructs: Personal constructs refer to the mental frameworks that people use to organize and interpret information. These personal constructs influence how people perceive themselves, others, and the world around them. Outcome expectancies: Outcome expectancies refer to the beliefs that people hold about the outcomes of their actions. People are motivated to behave in certain ways because they believe that those behaviors will lead to desirable outcomes.

Locus of control: The locus of control refers to the extent to which people believe that they have control over their lives. People with an internal locus of control believe that their actions determine their outcomes, while people with an external locus of control believe that their outcomes are determined by external factors such as luck or fate. The social cognitive approach suggests that people's locus of control influences their motivation, behavior, and wellbeing.

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The statement "reality, as it is defined in chapter 7 of the text, involves our judgments, opinions, or ideas about what we experience" is TRUE.

What is reality?

Reality is the state of being actual or real. The perception of reality is different for everyone based on their individual experiences and their beliefs. Reality is not just what we perceive with our senses, but it also includes things that exist independently of human knowledge and actions. However, the way we interpret and understand reality is influenced by our individual judgments, opinions, or ideas about what we experience.

The statement "reality, as it is defined in chapter 7 of the text, involves our judgments, opinions, or ideas about what we experience" is true because our perception of reality is shaped by how we interpret our experiences. Our experiences are not objective, but they are filtered through our own beliefs and values. Therefore, everyone's perception of reality is different based on their unique perspective.

It is important to acknowledge that our understanding of reality is limited by our individual experiences and biases. As we learn and grow, our perception of reality may change as well. We can challenge our own beliefs and biases by seeking out new experiences and perspectives, which can lead to a more accurate understanding of the world around us.

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The first step in the problem-definition process is recognizing that there is a problem or opportunity.

This step involves recognizing the need for information and identifying the gap in the knowledge or understanding of the situation. Once this need is identified, the next step is to determine why the information is being sought and whether the needed information is already available. After this, the group of answer choices can be created.

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Jim quickly changed his attitude toward his new job as a social worker because of cognitive dissonance.

Cognitive dissonance is the psychological discomfort experienced when people's beliefs do not match their behavior. In this case, Jim had spent three years in graduate school training to become a clinical social worker, but his first job after graduating was not up to his expectations.

This incongruence between his beliefs (that the job should be good) and his reality (the job was bad) created dissonance, leading him to quickly change his attitude to match his behavior.

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The type of interview that the clinical psychologist is using in this scenario is a standardized interview.

A standardized interview is a type of structured interview that involves asking the same set of questions in a predetermined order to all interviewees. The questions are carefully designed to elicit specific information about the interviewee's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to a particular topic or issue.

Standardized interviews are often used in research studies to collect data in a consistent and systematic manner, and to ensure that all participants are asked the same questions in the same way. This can help to reduce bias and increase the reliability and validity of the data collected.

In clinical settings, standardized interviews can be used to gather information about a client's symptoms, mental health history, and current functioning. This information can be used to make a diagnosis, develop a treatment plan, and monitor the client's progress over time.

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