The disadvantage of C4 photosynthesis is the additional energy, in the form of ATP, required to pump the 4-carbon acids to the bundle sheath cell and the 3-carbon complex back to the mesophyll cell for PEP production.
What kind of molecule makes up a photosystem's reaction center?A crucial chlorophyll molecule is located in the center. One of its electrons is elevated to a higher energy when it absorbs light. After passing through a number of other colored molecules and onto plastoquinone A, this supercharged electron moves downhill before crossing over to plastoquinone B.
Why do C4 plants thrive in tropical climates?For these plants, where the environment favors both water loss and the irritating photorespiration reactions caused by RUBISCO.
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Do you think observation of anatomical similarities should be used alone to group organisms, or should DNA and/or amino acid comparisons also be taken into account? Which method do you think is more effective at establishing evolutionary relationships? Explain your answer
No, Observation of anatomical similarities should not be used alone to group organisms, and DNA and/or amino acid comparisons should also be taken into account when establishing evolutionary relationships. Molecular biology, especially DNA and protein sequence analysis, are considered to be the most effective methods for establishing evolutionary relationships.
DNA and amino acid comparisons, on the other hand, provide information about the genetic makeup and molecular structure of organisms, which can be used to infer evolutionary relationships. For example, the more similar the DNA sequences of two organisms are, the more closely related they are likely to be. Similarly, the more similar the amino acid sequences of proteins in two organisms are, the more closely related they are likely to be.
A combination of anatomical, DNA and amino acid comparisons can provide a more comprehensive understanding of evolutionary relationships among organisms. However, molecular biology, especially DNA and protein sequence analysis, have become the most powerful and accurate method for determining evolutionary relationships. The reason for this is that these molecular data are passed down from one generation to another and are less subject to change than morphological features. This allows for a more direct comparison of evolutionary relationships, particularly at the level of phylogeny.
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What is the process of chromosomal mutation?
Chromosomal mutations are the change in genetic sequences of large DNA part that includes many genes. The chromosomal mutation occurs due to error in crossing over during meiosis.
Mutations are the change in the sequence of the DNA that results in variation in the gene expression. The chromosomal mutations include large DNA sequences. These can be duplication, deletion, translocation and inversion.
Meiosis is the type of cell division where the chromosomal content of the daughter cells is half of that of the parent cell. And for this reason it is also called the reduction division. The cell division occurs in two phases: Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
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What qualifies as medical expenses for tax deductions?
The IRS permits us to write off as eligible medical expenses any unreimbursed costs for procedures, treatments, operations, and dental and eye care.
Additionally, we can write off any out-of-pocket costs associated with visiting a psychologist or a psychiatrist. Deductible expenses include the cost of hearing aids, glasses, contacts, fake teeth, and prescription drugs that are not reimbursed.
We are also allowed to deduct from our taxes the expenditures of traveling for medical treatment, such as gas, bus fares, and parking fees.
Depending on your income, there are different medical expense deduction amounts. In 2022, if taxpayers itemize their deductions using IRS Schedule A, the IRS will permit them to write off all permissible unreimbursed medical care costs that exceed 7.5% of their adjusted gross income.
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Rock and Water grind against each other?
Mechanical Weathering
Chemical Weathering
Pollutants dissolve in water?
Mechanical Weathering
Chemical Weathering
Answer:
Rock and Water grind againts each other?
Ans: Mechanical WeatheringPollutants dissolve in water?
Ans: Chemical WeatheringExplanation:
sorry if wrong.
Can someone help me out thank you :)
Answer:
All answers are in the image
what is this? pls help me
Answer:
It's a cell membrane/plasma membrane
Explain what light pollution is and how reducing light pollution can help wildlife. Use text evidence.
Answer:
light pollution is the presence of artificial light in the night envoronemt so using light that is not the sun
Explanation:
some animals are sensitive to blue light such as titles so not using artificial light will really help them since their sensitive
Can anyone help me with this question??
Help!!
The _____ is located near the midline in the anterior portion of the thoracic cavity, posterior to the sternum and slightly superior to the heart.
Answer:
mediastinum is located near the midline
How can deforestation and desertification lead to flooding.
A. dead troos fall into the rivers, making them overflow
B. these lands will now absorb a greater amount of water, increasing the likely-hood of flooding
C. large amounts of soil can be eroded from these areas that fill up canals and rivers
D. less water runoff occurs on these lands, making flooding more likely
Answer:
C. large amounts of soil can be eroded from these areas that fill up canals and rivers
Explanation:
Which of the following statements is most accurate in comparing the sexual orientations of women and men: Women's sexual orientations seem to be more plastic or flexible than those of men.
Men tend to avoid labeling their orientations, whereas women tend to spend considerable time labeling themselves accurately.
Men's sexual orientations change more over time than do the orientations of women.
The ways that men and women experience their sexual orientations are remarkably similar.
Women's sexual orientations seem to be more plastic or flexible than those of men.
Sexual orientation is an ongoing romantic or sexual attraction to people of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or both sexes. Heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality encompass these attractions, while asexuality is sometimes considered a fourth category.
The American Psychological Association defines sexual orientation as "a person's sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions".
Behavioral science uses androphilia and gynephilia to describe sexual orientation instead of gender. Androphilia is sexual attraction to masculinity; gynephilia to femininity. Psychological research distinguishes sexual preference from sexual orientation, which overlaps. Bisexuals may prefer one sex over the other. Sexual orientation is not a choice, but sexual preference may be.
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What are 4 characteristics of a mollusk?
Four important characteristics of a mollusk are:
Mollusk are found in marine and freshwater habitats.Mollusk have organ system level of organization. Body is divided into head, muscular foot and mantle.The head of mollusk have of tentacles and compound eyes.The phylum Mollusca has many distinctive features and special characteristics. which include a mantle that has mantle cavity, visceral mass, foot, and radula. Mollusks also includes various classes like Gastropod, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda, and Polyplacophora .
Gastropods have a special characteristics that includes spirally-coiled external shell while others mollusks usually have a flattened shell, and many of them doesn't possess any shell as outer structure.
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need help asap
question 8
- 20 points
Answer:
more farm land
Explanation:
increase in population will require more food, thus it can causes more farm land.
DNA gives the cell instructions to make...
carbohydrates
fatty acids
proteins
cholesterol
Answer:
c. Proteins
Explanation:
The DNA code contains instructions needed to make the proteins and molecules essential for our growth, development and health.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
protein
Explanation:
To carry out these functions, DNA sequences must be converted into messages that can be used to produce proteins, which are the complex molecules that do most of the work in our bodies. Each DNA sequence that contains instructions to make a protein is known as a gene.
In a plant, having red flowers has the allele R, and having white flowers has the allele r. A plant with white flowers is crossed with another plant with an unknown genotype. One hundred percent of the offspring have the genotype Rr. What is the genotype of the unknown parent
Answer:
Explanation:
dominant - red - RR
recessive - white - rr
rr is crossed with an unknown genotype to form Rr,
hence, it can only be RR
rr x RR
r R
Rr
HELP PLSSSS THIS NEEDS TO BE TURNED IN FAST!
Answer:
a) Let "P" be the allele for purple lip color and "p" be the allele for green lip color
Genotypes:
Zit = PP
Zilla= Pp
b) Parental genotypes: PP x Pp
Punnet Square:
PP,PP, Pp, Pp
c) Offspring genotypes: 1 PP : 1 Pp
Offspring phenotypes : all purple
d) 100 % purple lips
e) 0% green lips
Answer: imagine using my questions for points, lol.
Explanation:
What is mucus and why is it important?
Mucus is a secretion from the mucous membranes and mucus is important because it is a lubricant so that the tissues do not dry out.
Mucus is a secretion from the mucous membranes in the form of a sticky and slippery liquid that coats all cavities in the body such as the lungs, sinuses, mouth, stomach and intestines. Mucus itself consists of several building blocks, but the main component is a substance called mucin (mucin).
Mucin is a type of protein produced by the cell surface tissue. Mucin in mucus works as a barrier to foreign particles from outside the body, lubricants, and others. Therefore, mucus is very important to exist in the body because it works as a lubricant so that the tissues do not dry out and foreign particles do not enter the body.
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How often should IV IO epinephrine be administered during neonatal resuscitation if it is ineffective?
According to current NRP recommendations, a low-lying umbilical venous catheter (UVC) is the best way to administer epinephrine. This is followed by a 0.5–1 ml normal saline flush. During resuscitation, 1.0 mg (10 mL of a 1:10 000 solution) of epinephrine hydrochloride is advised to be administered intravenously (IV) every 3 to 5 minutes.
For the medication to reach the central compartment, each peripheral injection dose should be followed by a 20-mL flush of IV fluid. According to the most recent resuscitation recommendations, epinephrine should be administered if the newborn's heart rate is still below 60 beats per minute after 30 seconds of what appears to be effective ventilation with chest rise and 30 seconds of coordinated chest compressions and ventilations.
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What does "repel" mean?
O Magnets do not have magnetism
O Magnets pel for a second time
Magnets move toward each other
Magnets move away from each other
Answer:
D. Magnets move away from each other
Explanation:
be repulsive or distasteful to.
bug repellent
a repellent attitude
Answer:
magnets move away from each other
How human ground water is obtained
Answer:
In other areas groundwater is polluted by human activities. Water in aquifers is brought to the surface naturally through a spring or can be discharged into lakes and streams. Groundwater can also be extracted through a well drilled into the aquifer. A well is a pipe in the ground that fills with groundwater.
or
Free water migrating within rock pores, cracks and fissures is called groundwater. Groundwater constitutes the largest source of water used by Man for drinking and for many other purposes. It circulates in porous rocks called aquifers.
hope this helps
have a good day :)
Explanation:
Answer:
Groundwater is naturally recharged by rain water and snowmelt or from water that leaks through the bottom of some lakes and rivers. There are also techniques to manage aquifer recharge and increase the amount of water infiltrating into the ground. Groundwater can be found almost everywhere.
Which of the following molecule makes the largest contribution to the biomass of a tree? O NADPH O H20 O CO2 O Nutrients/sol
CO2 molecule makes the largest contribution to the biomass of a tree.
In the context of ecology, biomass refers to live species, whereas in the context of bioenergy, biomass refers to materials from recently living (but now dead) organisms. There are differences in how biomass is defined in the latter situation, such as exclusively from plants plants and algae, or plants and animals. Plants provide the great bulk of the biomass utilised in bioenergy. Bioenergy is a form of renewable energy that has the potential to help mitigate climate change.
Because we can always grow more trees and food, and garbage will always exist, biomass is a renewable energy source. Wood, cereals, dung, and some waste are examples of biomass fuels.
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Check the items you included in your answer. Both living things and biotic factors can be alive. Unlike living things, biotic things may not be alive; they may have once lived or came from something living. I included an example of something both living and biotic, such as flowers. I included an example of something biotic, but not living, such as paper. I used compare-and-contrast vocabulary
You are all aware that the terms "living" and "biotic" are interchangeable since both refer to the measures of life. It includes, among other things, humans, animals, plants, and predators.
Something that is directly derived from living organisms or that is closely related to living organisms can be considered biotic. Biotic organisms may not always be alive, but they can talk for a long time. A biotic substance is one that once existed or originated from a living thing.
Products like rubber, latex, cow dung, paper, and so on are biotic products that are not living, whereas examples like plants and animals, including humans, fall under the category of living.
As a result, Biotic includes, among other things, humans, animals, plants, and predators.
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What would a "good edge" be in bacteria
Help pleasee
Answer:
Explanation:
somr bacterias are bad health
How does the nucleus in a cell from the embryo differ from the nucleus removed from the egg?
Some simpler animals lack what type of embryonic tissue?
Some simpler animals lack what type of embryonic tissue?
true
Simpler animals, such as sea sponges, have one germ layer and lack true tissue organization.
A rock contains 100 grams of Potassium 40 and 300 grams of Argon 40. How old
is the rock?
Answer:
The rock's age is approximately
2.6 billion years.
Explanation:
Hope this helps
:)
Why is a percentage scale used for the x-axis rather than actual ages? A) Researchers dont know the maximum life span of the organisms. B) This scale allows you to compare species with widely varying life spans on the same graph. C) The range of the actual ages would be too large to fit on the graph. D) For any graph, the x-axis and y-axis must use the same units.
It allows researchers to compare species with widely varying life spans on the same graph, the range of the actual ages would be too large to fit on the graph.So the correct option is c.
When discussing the life spans of organisms, it is common to use a percentage scale rather than actual ages on the x-axis of a graph. There are several reasons for this.
First, researchers do not know the maximum life span of the organisms that they are studying. By using a percentage scale, they can compare species with widely varying life spans on the same graph without having to worry about one species having a much longer lifespan than the others.
Second, the range of the actual ages would be too large to fit on the graph. By using a percentage scale, the data can be more easily visualized and compared.
Finally, for any graph, the x-axis and y-axis must use the same units. By using a percentage scale on the x-axis, the researcher can easily use the same units on both the x-axis and y-axis, making the data easier to compare and interpret.
In conclusion, a percentage scale is used for the x-axis of a graph when discussing the life spans of organisms because it allows researchers to compare species with widely varying life spans on the same graph, the range of the actual ages would be too large to fit on the graph, and the data can be more easily visualized and compared if the same units are used on both the x-axis and y-axis.
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What five characteristics of a rock would make it a mineral?
Hardness.
Luster.
Color.
Streak.
Specific Gravity.
In fruit flies, long wings are a dominant trait (L) and short wings are a recessive trait (l). Two fruit flies that are heterozygous for the long wings trait mate. The cross produces 180 offspring. How many of the offspring are expected to have short wings?
0
45
90
180
Answer:
25% of the offspring, or 45 (B).
Explanation:
If they are heterozygous, they are Ll and Ll. Put it in a Punnet square, the l and l match up in 1/4 squares to make 25% of the total flies.
Answer:
45
Explanation
because 25% of the flies eat on it
A man really wants to have a baby with type AB blood so he can brag to his friends that his kid is rare. What are his chances for a baby to get type AB blood if the mom has type O blood?
Answer:
0%
Explanation: