If you take the SAT (standardized entrance exam to gain admission to a university) several times and your score is similar each time, then your scores are consistent and reliable.
Consistency can be defined as the capacity to keep a steady course. It refers to the degree to which an assessment method or tool produces dependable and repeatable results.
If the exam results are consistent, this implies that the score for the same student should not change when the test is retaken. It also means that different graders should give similar scores to the same test responses.
Reliability refers to the degree to which test scores are consistent over time and across raters. The reliability of a measure is the consistency of the data gathered through it.
Validity refers to the extent to which an examination or evaluation measures what it is supposed to measure, i.e., the test's accuracy. It is a measure of whether an exam provides data that is applicable to the goals, abilities, and understanding it is supposed to measure. A test can be accurate but not valid.
There is no concept of an "intelligent score." It refers to an individual's overall intelligence, not a score on a standardized exam like the SAT.
Know more about reliability here:
https://brainly.com/question/29467163
#SPJ11
Passage A Councilman Wallace has argued that we need to repair the asphalt on Sims Road. But have you heard about the scandal that Mr. Wallace was involved in last year? He was accused of stealing money from his church's offering plate, though all the charges were eventually dropped. In any case, I move that Mr. Wallace's proposal be rejected. Passage A commit a fallacy; specifically, it commit a red herring fallacy. Passage B Some have argued that now is the time to reduce our stockpiles of nuclear arms. But even though the Cold War appears to be over, tensions can resume between nations just as quickly as they eased during the last days of the Cold War. So even though the need for nuclear superiority appears less urgent today, that may change tomorrow. Passage B commit a fallacy; specifically, it commit a red herring fallacy. Passage C The congressman has argued that a slight increase in the federal income tax could go a long way toward addressing the problems that plague our inner cities. Apparently, the congressman thinks we've forgotten about the sex scandal that nearly ruined his marriage a few years back. I've heard his two oldest children were so hurt and embarrassed by the episode that they still won't talk to him. The congressman should figure out how to fix the problems in his own home before he tries to take on the problems that plague our cities. Passage C commit a fallacy; specifically, it commit a red herring fallacy. Passage D The polar ice caps are melting at an accelerated rate, which may eventually cause the extinction of the polar bear species. Since polar bears are a doomed species anyway, we ought to allow poachers to hunt polar bears without regulation. Passage D commit a fallacy; specifically, it commit a red herring fallacy. Passage E Some argue that our city is growing too quickly. Studies do show that a large increase in the number of people moving to this city has led to urban sprawl and has caused the local cougar population to disappear completely. But the cougar was nearly extinct in this area long before the years that the study cites as the beginning of urban sprawl. So there must be other causes for the cougars' disappearance. Passage E commit a fallacy; specifically, it commit a red herring fallacy.
Passage A commits a fallacy.
Passage B does not commit a fallacy.
Passage C commits a fallacy.
Passage D does not commit a fallacy.
Passage E does not commit a fallacy.
Passage A: specifically, it commits an ad hominem fallacy by attacking Councilman Wallace's character instead of addressing the issue of repairing the asphalt on Sims Road.
Passage B: It presents a valid argument by pointing out that tensions between nations can change and advocating for the need to maintain nuclear superiority as a precautionary measure.
Passage C: It commits an ad hominem fallacy by bringing up the congressman's personal scandal to divert attention from the proposal to increase the federal income tax.
Passage D: It presents a valid argument by suggesting that the melting of polar ice caps and the potential extinction of polar bears should not justify allowing unregulated hunting.
Passage E: It presents a valid argument by questioning the correlation between urban sprawl and the disappearance of the local cougar population, suggesting that there may be other causes for their disappearance.
Learn more about fallacy here:
https://brainly.com/question/30761126
#SPJ4
What are the consequences of the fall for human nature (from
Genesis 3)? Your answer in 100-150 words:
The fall from grace that is recorded in Genesis 3 had far-reaching consequences for human nature. These include physical, psychological, and spiritual consequences.
To begin with, Adam and Eve were banished from the Garden of Eden, and they became subject to death. Their sin of disobedience brought forth pain in childbirth, and they would have to toil hard to provide for themselves and their offspring. In terms of psychological effects, the fall from grace led to a fundamental change in the way humans viewed themselves and their surroundings. They became aware of their bareness, which in turn led to feelings of shame and guilt. These feelings of shame and guilt have persisted throughout the ages and are a common part of the human experience.
Finally, there were spiritual consequences of the fall from grace. Adam and Eve's sin separated them from God, and they could no longer enjoy the perfect fellowship they once had with Him. Sin, therefore, became a barrier that prevented humans from experiencing God's fullness. The fall, therefore, had far-reaching consequences that continue to impact human nature to this day. However, the hope is that through Christ's redemptive work, humans can be restored to their original state of fellowship with God.
To know more about spiritual consequences refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/29386439
#SPJ11
One criticism of this assessment tool, as stated by Martin (2018), is "whether it is appropriate to categorize human behavior by pathologizing alternative understanding of the spectrum of human experiences". the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) the ACE score the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) IQ Test
One criticism of this assessment tool, as stated by Martin (2018), is "whether it is appropriate to categorize human behavior by pathologizing alternative understanding of the spectrum of human experiences" is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). Option A is the correct answer.
On December 1, 2012, the Board of Trustees of the APA adopted the DSM-5, the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). It has been 20 years since the manual's last significant revision, the DSM-5. The American Psychiatric Association is the registered owner of the DSM-5 acronym as well as the acronyms for all earlier versions. Option A is the correct answer.
The DSM-5's main flaws are:
It lacks of a scientific foundation.Culture bias results.Common human experience is pathologize by it.It isn't employed by the NIMH for mental health research.It supports a drug-based strategy for therapy.A lifelong condition may theoretically affect everyone.Learn more about Assessment here:
https://brainly.com/question/29548871
#SPJ4
The complete question is, "One criticism of this assessment tool, as stated by Martin (2018), is "whether it is appropriate to categorize human behavior by pathologizing alternative understanding of the spectrum of human experiences".
A. the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V)
B. the ACE score
C. the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)
D. IQ Test"
1.) Identify one of the five approaches (Phenomenology, Ethnography, Narrative inquiry, Case study research, and grounded theory) in the text that you would use to study this question, and explain why you believe this is the best approach to use for your particular research question. (1-2 Paragraphs)
2.) Describe your criteria for purposively selecting participants for this study. (You can use point form, as many points as you need to adequately answer this question)
3.) Describe which method(s) you would use for collecting data from these participants to answer your research question (If interviews, provide a list of at least 5 interview questions, if observations, describe specifically what, where, when, how long, and how often you will observe)
Ethnography enables the researcher to gain a holistic understanding of the intercultural communication dynamics in the video.
Participants must have direct involvement, diversity, communication expertise, roles, willingness, availability, and representative sample.
In-depth interviews and participant observation can be used to gain a comprehensive understanding of intercultural communication patterns.
For studying this question, the approach of narrative inquiry would be the most suitable. Narrative inquiry focuses on exploring and understanding the lived experiences and stories of individuals. In this case, the research question involves understanding the experiences and perspectives of individuals in a particular context. By employing narrative inquiry, the researcher can delve deep into the personal narratives and stories of participants, allowing for rich and nuanced insights into their experiences with the given phenomenon. This approach enables a comprehensive understanding of the subjective meanings and interpretations individuals attach to their experiences, which aligns well with the research question at hand.
The criteria for purposively selecting participants for this study could include:
Participants who have direct experience or involvement in the specific context or phenomenon being studied.
Participants who represent diverse perspectives and backgrounds related to the research question.
Participants who can provide rich and detailed narratives or stories about their experiences.
Participants who are willing and available to engage in in-depth interviews or discussions.
Participants who can offer insights and perspectives that contribute to the overall understanding of the research question.
These criteria ensure that the selected participants have the necessary knowledge, experiences, and perspectives to provide meaningful contributions to the study.
To collect data from the participants, conducting in-depth interviews would be an appropriate method. Sample interview questions could include:
Can you describe a specific experience related to the research question that stands out to you?
How do you perceive the impact of this experience on your personal or professional life?
Can you share any challenges or obstacles you encountered in relation to the research question?
What strategies or approaches did you employ to navigate these challenges?
How do you believe this phenomenon or context can be improved or addressed?
By conducting interviews, the researcher can capture the participants' narratives, emotions, and perspectives in a more detailed and nuanced manner, allowing for a deeper understanding of their experiences and insights related to the research question
learn more about professional life here
https://brainly.com/question/11775864
#SPJ11
QUESTION 50 Messick argues that the traditional conception of validity is fragmented and incomplete. He approach views validity as a unified concept with six aspects. What A. Consequential validity OB. Construct validity OC. Content validity O D. Criterion validity the central concept in his framework?
Messick views validity as a unified concept with six aspects. The central concept in his framework is construct validity. The correct option is B.
Validity is a critical concept in the field of assessment. The concept of validity relates to whether a test, instrument, or procedure measures what it is intended to measure. Messick argues that the conventional view of validity is fragmented and incomplete. He proposes a unified view of validity with six components that interact and complement one another, rather than existing in isolation. These six components are content, substantive, structural, generalizability, external, and consequential validity.
Construct validity, which refers to the extent to which a test measures an underlying theoretical concept or construct, is at the heart of Messick's framework. Therefore, the central concept in his framework is construct validity, which is the degree to which the measurements of a test are consistent with the theoretical expectations of the construct that it claims to be measuring.
To know more about construct validity refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/13916761
#SPJ11
Which of the following is not characteristic of an implicit attitude? a) they could be unconsciously held b) they are easily measured by survey c) it could be negative and therefore not shared with others d) they are not overtly expressed
Implicit attitudes are beliefs or evaluations that are held unconsciously or automatically, making them difficult to measure through traditional survey methods alone. The correct option is B.
Unlike explicit attitudes, which are consciously held and can be easily self-reported, implicit attitudes are typically assessed using indirect measures such as the Implicit Association Test (IAT) or reaction time tasks. These measures tap into automatic associations and implicit biases that may not align with consciously reported attitudes. The correct option is B.
Learn more about unconsciously
https://brainly.com/question/30644470
#SPJ11
Complete Question:
Which of the following is not characteristic of an implicit attitude?
a) They could be unconsciously held.
b) They are easily measured by survey.
c) It could be negative and therefore not shared with others.
d) They are not overtly expressed.
There are many agencies that are actively involved in WCC, though the most well-known are those in the federal government. It should also be mentioned that county DAs and Prosecutors often have a major role in these cases. The FBI gets involved mainly due to the wire fraud statutes along with the interstate aspects of these crimes. Organizations like the Securities and Exchange Commission, The US Treasury Department, The US Attorney, and the Government Accountability Office play major roles. There are a couple of other agencies that play an often unseen and unrecognized, yet important role.
What role do Postal Inspectors play in this? How about the IRS?
Postal Inspectors and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) play important roles in cases related to White-Collar Crime (WCC).
Postal Inspectors have a crucial role in investigating and prosecuting crimes that involve the use of the U.S. mail system. They are responsible for enforcing laws related to mail fraud, mail theft, and other offenses that involve the postal system. In cases of WCC, where fraudulent schemes often involve the use of the mail for communication or monetary transactions, Postal Inspectors help gather evidence, track down perpetrators, and support prosecutions.
The IRS plays a significant role in combating WCC, particularly in cases involving tax evasion, money laundering, and financial fraud. They have extensive expertise in financial investigations and possess tools to uncover complex financial transactions and identify discrepancies. The IRS has specialized units, such as the Criminal Investigation Division, which focuses on detecting and prosecuting individuals or businesses involved in illegal financial activities. They work closely with other law enforcement agencies and contribute their financial expertise to build strong cases against offenders.
Both Postal Inspectors and the IRS bring unique skills and resources to WCC cases. Their involvement adds a multidimensional approach to investigating and prosecuting white-collar crimes, ensuring that different aspects of these offenses, such as mail-related fraud or financial improprieties, are thoroughly addressed and that offenders are held accountable for their actions.
Know more about US Department here:
https://brainly.com/question/30829101
#SPJ11
Professor Steiner suspects a student has plagiarized a paper because the voice is inconsistent throughout the paper, that is, it reads as if multiple people wrote the paper. What type of plagiarism does Professor Steiner most likely suspect?
1)global plagiarism
2)patchwork plagiarism
3)text stealing
4)self-plagiarism
Professor Steiner suspects that a student has plagiarized a paper assign to him because the voice is inconsistent throughout the paper, that is, it reads as if multiple people wrote the paper. In this case, Professor Steiner most likely suspects patchwork plagiarism. The correct answer is option (2).
Patchwork plagiarism involves taking information or sections from multiple sources and piecing them together without proper citation or attribution. In this case, the inconsistency in the voice throughout the paper suggests that different portions of the paper may have been copied from various sources or written by different individuals, resulting in an inconsistent writing style.
This type of plagiarism can be detected by observing variations in tone, language, or writing style within the same document. Patchwork plagiarism is a common type of plagiarism among students as it appears to be an easy way out of the difficult task of writing an original paper, but it still violates academic honesty. Global plagiarism refers to copying an entire work or significant portions of it without attribution, while text stealing involves directly copying and presenting someone else's work as one's own. Self-plagiarism refers to reusing one's own previously published work without proper citation or disclosure, which is not applicable in this context. Therefore, option (2) is the correct answer.
To learn more about Plagiarism, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30180097
#SPJ11
if the truth value of E & N is F what is the truth
value of ~(E&N).
If the truth value of E & N is F, then the truth value of ~(E&N) is T. A truth table is a chart that demonstrates the result of applying logical operators to propositions (propositional logic).
The table's columns list each input combination, the logic result of the operations under investigation, and any additional comments on the results. Logical propositions can be joined with logical operators, resulting in compound propositions, which can be evaluated using truth tables.The negation (~) operator is a unary operator that negates the truth value of a proposition. The negation of a proposition is true if and only if the proposition is false.If the truth value of E & N is F, then the truth value of ~(E&N) is T. A truth table is a chart that demonstrates the result of applying logical operators to propositions (propositional logic). If E & N has a truth value of F, then E and N must be false, since the conjunction operator (&&) is true only if both its operands are true. Since E and N are false, ~(E&N) is true since the negation operator negates false to true. Therefore, the truth value of ~(E&N) is T.
learn more about truth value
https://brainly.com/question/32177726
#SPJ11
TRUE / FALSE.
"From The Reason of Love. True or False.
Boredom is a perfectly harmless state for people."
False. Boredom is not considered a perfectly harmless state for people according to "The Reason of Love."
The statement is false. According to "The Reason of Love," boredom is not seen as a perfectly harmless state for people. Boredom can have negative effects on individuals' well-being and overall satisfaction with life.
Boredom often arises when individuals lack engagement or stimulation in their activities or experiences. It can lead to feelings of restlessness, dissatisfaction, and a sense of emptiness. Boredom can also negatively impact mental health, as it can contribute to feelings of depression or anxiety.
In contrast, "The Reason of Love" emphasizes the importance of finding meaningful pursuits and engaging in activities that align with one's values and interests. By actively seeking out fulfilling experiences, individuals can cultivate a sense of purpose and satisfaction in their lives.
While occasional periods of boredom can prompt individuals to seek new challenges or explore different avenues of interest, chronic or prolonged boredom can be detrimental to one's well-being. Therefore, it is not considered a harmless state but rather a signal for individuals to examine their lives and find ways to bring about more purposeful and engaging experiences.
Learn more about Boredom here:
https://brainly.com/question/9788613
#SPJ11
Please identify and explain five training-delivery methods
organizations use. How would you select the most appropriate
training method to achieve your training objectives?
(Human resources)
When selecting a training method, consider factors such as objectives, learner characteristics, content, and available resources to choose the most suitable approach for your organization's needs.
There are different methods used to deliver training to employees, which include; instructor-led classroom training, web-based training, simulations, role-playing, and on-the-job training. Below are the explanations of five training-delivery methods that organizations use:
1. Instructor-led classroom training: Instructor-led classroom training is the most traditional method of training delivery, and it takes place in a physical classroom setting. A professional trainer or instructor conducts the training, and the learners participate in various interactive activities. This type of training enables learners to interact with the instructor, ask questions and discuss different training concepts.
2. Web-based training: This is a type of training delivery that takes place online. It involves training delivery through electronic means, which include; audio, video, and text-based content. Learners can participate in web-based training from anywhere, as long as they have access to the internet.
3. Simulations: Simulations are a type of training delivery that provides employees with the opportunity to interact with different situations that they may encounter on the job. It allows learners to learn and practice different skills in a controlled environment, before applying them to the actual job.
4. Role-playing: This is a type of training delivery that involves acting out different scenarios with a group of learners. Learners play different roles and interact with each other in a simulated environment. It enables learners to develop and practice various skills, such as communication and decision-making.
5. On-the-job training: On-the-job training is a type of training that takes place in the actual job setting. Learners receive training while performing their job duties, and the training is tailored to their specific job tasks and responsibilities.
To select the most appropriate training method, you should consider the following factors: the training objectives, the characteristics of the learners, the content of the training, and the available resources. Once you have considered these factors, you can choose the training method that best meets the needs of your organization.
To learn more about the training method
https://brainly.com/question/16863840
#SPJ11
In their discussion of literature portraying other diverse perspectives, the authors state, "It’s important to understand diversity because it helps build an attitude of open-mindedness and promotes more cooperative interactions. Literature plays a vital role. . . ." In The Disuniting of America (1991) Arthur Schlessinger Jr. argues that the current emphasis on diversity will lead to social separation rather than unity. What are your thoughts?
The authors of the discussion emphasize the importance of understanding diversity in fostering open-mindedness and cooperative interactions, with literature playing a significant role.
However, Arthur Schlessinger Jr., in his book "The Disuniting of America," argues that the emphasis on diversity may result in social separation rather than unity. The discussion surrounding diversity and its impact on society is a complex and multifaceted topic.
While the authors highlight the benefits of understanding diversity in promoting open-mindedness and cooperative interactions, Arthur Schlessinger Jr. presents a contrasting viewpoint in "The Disuniting of America."
Schlessinger expresses concern that the emphasis on diversity may lead to fragmentation and societal divisions rather than fostering unity.
To form a personal opinion on this matter, it is important to consider different perspectives. Embracing diversity does not necessarily imply a disregard for unity but rather an acknowledgment and appreciation of the varied experiences and backgrounds that exist within a society.
Open-mindedness and understanding can contribute to a more inclusive and cohesive society, allowing for the celebration of individual differences while promoting a shared sense of community.
However, it is crucial to address any potential challenges that may arise from the misinterpretation or misapplication of diversity-related initiatives, ensuring that efforts towards inclusivity and unity are balanced and effective.
Ultimately, the question of how diversity impacts society and whether it promotes unity or social separation is a subject of ongoing debate and may vary based on contextual factors.
It is essential to engage in thoughtful discussions, consider different perspectives, and work towards inclusive approaches that foster unity while respecting and valuing the diversity that exists within our communities.
Learn more about diversity here:
https://brainly.com/question/32415727
#SPJ11
Based on Plato, "The apology." What do you think about the question: Is Socrates a threat to Athen?. Write a short paragraph to support your argument
Socrates was not a direct threat to Athens, as his philosophical teachings aimed at promoting self-reflection and critical thinking among the citizens.
Socrates, as depicted in Plato's "The Apology," was a philosopher who sought to encourage self-examination and intellectual inquiry among the Athenian citizens. His method of relentless questioning, known as the Socratic method, aimed to uncover the truth and expose the flaws in people's beliefs. While his intentions were to promote knowledge and virtue, his unyielding pursuit of truth often led him to challenge conventional wisdom and authority figures, including politicians, poets, and artisans.
Socrates' actions were seen as a threat to the established order in Athens. By questioning the traditional values and beliefs held by the Athenians, he created discomfort and skepticism among the citizens. Moreover, his teachings attracted a loyal following of young men, some of whom eventually became influential figures themselves. This worried the ruling elite, who perceived Socrates as potentially inciting rebellion or undermining their authority.
Consequently, Socrates' trial and subsequent execution were not primarily motivated by a direct threat he posed to Athens, but rather by his perceived influence on the younger generation and his persistent challenge to established norms. Despite his intentions to guide others towards wisdom, his unconventional methods and his refusal to compromise his beliefs ultimately led to his demise.
Learn more about socrates here:
https://brainly.com/question/15056944
#SPJ11
How does the Beowulf poet use light and darkness as
symbols of good and evil? Find examples and support your point of
view.
The Beowulf poet uses light and darkness as symbols of good and evil in the text. Light, in the poem, represents a force of goodness, justice, and salvation. Whereas, darkness is the embodiment of evil, greed, and destruction.
For instance, in Beowulf, Grendel is often depicted in association with darkness. Moreover, when Beowulf is facing Grendel’s mother, he lights up the dark waters of the mere to make it possible for him to see her. The examples from the text are as follows: Grendel is often shown in association with darkness: “The monster of evil/ Greedy and cruel tarried but little/ Fell and frantic, and forced from their slumbers/ Thirty of thanemen”.
The arrival of Beowulf and his team is announced by their shining armor: “But now the guests were in the hall, nobles/ Sleepers after the feast; and there with them/ The brave Geat, their hero, rested, awaited/ The morn in Herot, longing for light”.
In the battle with Grendel's mother, Beowulf illuminates the mere to give himself an advantage: “He saw among the treasures/ A sword in an age-old sheath/ That was etched with runes:/ The sword was of Eotenish make,/ Finest of weapons, but so massive/ That no ordinary man could lift/ Its carved and decorated length.
He drew it from its scabbard, fierce/ And battle-sharp, the light of it burned/ His dark, hand, it was like a flame”.Therefore, it can be concluded that the poet of Beowulf uses light and darkness as symbols of good and evil throughout the text.
To know more about Beowulf visit: brainly.com/question/1830314
# SPJ11
1. Reference group revers to
a) The difference between a sample’s results and the true result if the entire population had been interviewed.
b) Divisive opinion (polarization)
c) having a common understanding and interest
d) going to rehab -no no no
Option C (having a common understanding and interest) is the correct option.
Reference group refers to having a common understanding and interest in a social situation.
A reference group can be considered as a group of people that you look to for guidance in a particular context. When making choices, people compare themselves to others who are in similar situations, such as coworkers or people in the same age group or social class.
A reference group is a social group that an individual uses as a benchmark for social comparison in the formation of their own attitudes and values. The reference group may be internal (for example, an individual's peers or family) or external (for example, a celebrity or other entity).
Read more about the reference group here:
https://brainly.com/question/17096093
#SPJ11
1. Social Learning can be used in at least two distinct senses. True or False
2. Cognitive theories are concerned with explaining______________?
3. The whole is greater than the sum of it's parts" refers to
a. summing up the parts
b. adding to the parts
c. perceiving the organization of the parts
d. perceiving the variety of the parts
1. True. Social learning has multiple interpretations.
2. Cognitive theories explain mental processes.
3. c. The whole is greater than the sum of its parts refers to perceiving the organization of the parts.
1. True. Social learning can indeed be used in at least two distinct senses, depending on the context or perspective being considered.
2. Cognitive theories are concerned with explaining mental processes, such as perception, attention, memory, language, problem-solving, and decision-making. They focus on how individuals acquire, process, and organize information and knowledge.
3. c. perceiving the organization of the parts. The phrase "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" refers to the concept of emergence, where the collective organization or arrangement of individual parts creates a new entity or phenomenon that is more than just the sum of its individual components.
Learn more about Social learning here:
https://brainly.com/question/31118568
#SPJ11
3. What is the theoretical goal of psychology according to early behaviorists? a. Identifying the complex components of the conscious mind b. Prediction and control of behavior c. Defining the behavioral differences between man and animal responses d. Analyzing the structure, content, and function of the mind 4. Which of the following is an example of primacy effect? a. You are surprised when you read that, based on research, 1 out of every 20 people in the United States will suffer from depression at some point in their life. b. After finding out that Mary is suffering from major depression, you claim that you've known it all along. c. The first time you meet Mary she seems depressed. Even though she is quite cheerful the next few times you see her, You continue to think of her as a depressed person. d. You are surprised to find out that Mary is suffering from major depression because so many other things in her life have gone badly. 5. When an action potential arrives at the axon's terminal buttons, it causes the vesicles to release varying amounts of chemical messengers called a. Neurotransmitters c. Interneurons b. Hormones d. Particulates
The theoretical goal of psychology according to early behaviorists is prediction and control of behavior. The Correct option is B
Early behaviorists, such as John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner, believed that psychology should focus on observable behavior rather than the complex components of the conscious mind or the structure and function of the mind. They sought to understand behavior through the principles of conditioning and reinforcement, emphasizing the importance of environmental factors in shaping behavior.
Their objective was to predict how individuals would respond to specific stimuli and to develop methods for controlling and modifying behavior based on these predictions. The goal was to establish a scientific approach to psychology that focused on observable and measurable behaviors rather than internal mental processes. The Correct option is B
Learn more about environmental factors
https://brainly.com/question/29501615
#SPJ11
Explain what is meant by the "developmental psychopathology
perspective."
The developmental psychopathology perspective is an approach in psychology that focuses on understanding and studying the development of psychological disorders and abnormal behavior across the lifespan. It emphasizes the importance of considering both the normative developmental processes and the individual variations in the manifestation and course of psychopathology.
The developmental psychopathology perspective recognizes that psychological disorders do not occur in isolation but are influenced by various biological, psychological, and social factors. It views psychopathology as a dynamic process that evolves over time, taking into account the interactions between genetic predispositions, environmental influences, and individual characteristics.
This perspective acknowledges that developmental pathways to psychopathology can vary significantly and that there are multiple factors and processes involved in the emergence, maintenance, and resolution of psychological disorders. It highlights the importance of understanding the developmental context and trajectory of abnormal behavior, as well as the potential for resilience and positive development.
By adopting the developmental psychopathology perspective, researchers and practitioners aim to gain a comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between biological, cognitive, emotional, and social factors in the development of psychological disorders. This approach helps inform the design of prevention, assessment, and intervention strategies that are sensitive to the unique developmental needs and challenges of individuals at different stages of life.
To know more about psychological disorders click here,
https://brainly.com/question/28275026
#SPJ11
What myths about athletics, economic class, and white femininity did the film The Price of Gold help to unpack when it comes to American's ideas about sports and the success of individual athletes within the world of competitive sports?
The film, The Price of Gold, helped to unpack a number of myths about athletics, economic class, and white femininity in American ideas about sports and individual athlete success. Here are a few examples of these myths:
Myth 1: Athletic success guarantees financial security - The film debunked the myth that if an athlete achieves success in their sport, they are guaranteed to have financial security for the rest of their lives. The documentary showed that despite her Olympic success, Nancy Kerrigan was not immune to financial problems and still faced financial struggles after her career was over.
Myth 2: White femininity is weak and fragile - The film countered the myth that white femininity is weak and fragile by portraying Nancy Kerrigan as a strong and determined athlete who overcame a brutal attack to return to the ice and compete at the Olympic Games.
Myth 3: Economic class determines athletic success - The Price of Gold also debunked the myth that economic class is the only determinant of athletic success. Despite coming from a working-class family, Nancy Kerrigan was able to achieve Olympic success through her talent, hard work, and determination. Similarly, Tonya Harding, who came from a less privileged background, was able to become a world-class athlete through her natural talent and perseverance.
In conclusion, The Price of Gold helped to unpack a number of myths about athletics, economic class, and white femininity. The documentary showed that athletic success does not guarantee financial security, white femininity is not weak or fragile, and economic class is not the only determinant of athletic success. Instead, the film portrayed Nancy Kerrigan and Tonya Harding as talented, hardworking athletes who overcame significant challenges to achieve success in their sport.
know more about myths about athletics here,
https://brainly.com/question/16073919
#SPJ11
Sayt A person who would score high in in most likely to strongly agree with the following statement "It's hard to feel good about myself unless I know other people admire me" Grandiose Narcissism o Vulnerable Narcissim Psychopathy Callous Unemotional Traits QUESTION 17 2 points Save A Cognitive Personality theorists emphasize-while Constructivist theories emphasize The rationality of one's beliefs the utility of one's beliefs The utility of one's ballets, the rationality of one's beliefs The role of beliefs in the personality. The role of emotions The role of emotions in the personality. The role of beliefs
1. The person who would score high in grandiose narcissism is most likely to strongly agree with the statement "It's hard to feel good about myself unless I know other people admire me."
2. Cognitive personality theorists emphasize the rationality of one's beliefs, while constructivist theories emphasize the role of beliefs in personality.(2)
Grandiose narcissism is characterized by an inflated sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. Individuals high in grandiose narcissism often seek external validation and thrive on the admiration and attention of others. The statement reflects their reliance on external admiration to maintain a positive self-image. It aligns with the core features of grandiose narcissism, making it likely that individuals with this personality trait would strongly agree with the statement.
Cognitive personality theorists focus on understanding how individuals perceive, interpret, and process information, particularly in relation to their beliefs. They emphasize the rationality of one's beliefs, examining how thoughts and cognitive processes influence personality development and behavior.
Learn More about grandiose narcissism
https://brainly.com/question/31359824
#SPJ11
Complete Questions:
1. A person who would score high in vulnerable narcissism is most likely to strongly agree with the following statement: "It's hard to feel good about myself unless I know other people admire me."
2. Cognitive Personality theorists emphasize the role of beliefs in the personality, while Constructivist theories emphasize the role of emotions in the personality.
The utility of one's ballets, the rationality of one's beliefs The role of beliefs in the personality. The role of emotions in the personality. The role of BeliefsHow do the subfields of anthropology provide us with a better understanding of human behavior throughout time and space? What is the role of ethnocentrism and cultural relativism in anthropology? What are cultural universals? How did the Parthenon reflect Greek culture in a specific time and place? Is it appropriate that the British Museum ""owns"" some important examples of Greek patrimony?
The subfields of anthropology provide a comprehensive understanding of human behavior across cultures and time, with ethnocentrism and cultural relativism playing important roles. Cultural universals are shared elements of culture found in all societies. The Parthenon reflected Greek culture in its religious, political, and artistic aspects. The ownership of Greek artifacts by the British Museum is a complex and debated issue involving cultural heritage and repatriation.
The subfields of anthropology, including cultural anthropology, archaeology, linguistic anthropology, and biological anthropology, provide a comprehensive framework for understanding human behavior across different cultures, time periods, and geographic locations. Cultural anthropology explores the customs, beliefs, and practices of various societies, shedding light on the diversity and complexity of human behavior.
Archaeology delves into the material remains of past cultures, uncovering insights about their social structures and lifeways. Linguistic anthropology examines how language shapes human thought and social interactions.
Biological anthropology explores human evolution, genetics, and physical variation. Together, these subfields offer a multidimensional perspective on human behavior, allowing us to study both the similarities and differences across cultures and throughout history.
Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism are key concepts in anthropology. Ethnocentrism refers to the tendency to view one's own culture as superior to others, while cultural relativism emphasizes understanding and judging other cultures within their own context. Anthropologists strive to adopt a culturally relative perspective, recognizing that each culture has its own unique values, norms, and practices that should be understood within their cultural framework.
Cultural universals are elements of culture that are found in all societies, such as language, family structures, art, and religion. They represent common patterns and behaviors that emerge across different cultures.
The Parthenon, an ancient Greek temple, reflected Greek culture in a specific time and place by embodying their religious beliefs, political ideals, and aesthetic sensibilities. It showcased the importance of Greek gods and goddesses, celebrated the power and prestige of Athens, and exhibited the architectural and artistic achievements of the time.
The question of ownership and the appropriateness of the British Museum "owning" important examples of Greek patrimony is a complex and debated issue. It raises questions about cultural heritage, colonialism, and the repatriation of cultural artifacts. Some argue that these artifacts should be returned to their countries of origin, allowing them to be preserved and celebrated in their cultural context. Others contend that museums provide a global platform for sharing and studying cultural heritage, benefiting both the local and international communities. The topic remains a subject of ongoing dialogue and negotiation among cultural institutions, governments, and indigenous communities.
Know more about Anthropology here:
https://brainly.com/question/31198095
#SPJ11
FILL THE BLANK.
In ___ families, parent have high expectations for their children. While the children of these families are encouraged to speak up, their thoughts and opinions are regularly disregarded; as the parents want their children to eventually come around to their point of view.
A. Laissez-faire
B. Consensual
C. Pluralistic
D.
Protective
In Protective families, parents have high expectations for their children but often disregard their thoughts and opinions, aiming for eventual alignment with their own views. Option D is correct.
In Protective families, parents maintain high expectations for their children but exhibit a controlling and authoritative parenting style. While children in these families may be encouraged to speak up, their thoughts and opinions are regularly dismissed or overridden by their parents.
The parent's primary objective is for their children to eventually adopt their own point of view, even if it means disregarding the individual perspectives of their children. This dynamic can limit the development of independent thinking and autonomy in children.
Their voices may be suppressed, and they may feel compelled to conform to their parent's beliefs and values, hindering the exploration and expression of their own thoughts and opinions. This approach can lead to a lack of open dialogue and critical thinking within the family, potentially stifling the growth of the children's individuality and self-expression.
To know more about family,
https://brainly.com/question/10205802
#SPJ11
Natural law theory in all its forms must maintain that: O Morality is subjective. O All of the above. O Contraception is necessarily immoral. Actions can be natural or unnatural.
Natural law theory in all its forms must maintain that actions can be natural or unnatural. Natural law theory is a type of ethical theory that involves the use of reason to deduce moral rules.
Natural law theories are based on the belief that natural law is the foundation of morality. Natural law theory in all its forms must maintain that actions can be natural or unnatural. This is true because natural law theory maintains that people should follow certain actions that are consistent with their nature. These actions are known as natural actions.
Contraception is necessarily immoral is false because Natural law theory does not necessarily take a position on contraception. Morality is subjective is false because natural law theory holds that there are objective moral laws that apply to all people, regardless of their individual beliefs. Therefore, the correct option is : Actions can be natural or unnatural.
Learn more about Contraception
https://brainly.com/question/30040888
#SPJ11
Please Answer The Question In Full Detail.
1: Based on data from OKCupid, how do age, race, class, and gender intersect to play a role in the erotic marketplace? Discuss at least two of the wider social implications of this differential "marketability."
The intersection of age, race, class, and gender in the erotic marketplace, as analyzed through OKCupid data, reveals several wider social implications.
Firstly, the data may reflect patterns of societal beauty standards and biases, where certain age groups, races, classes, or genders are deemed more desirable. This perpetuates inequalities and reinforces stereotypes, potentially leading to self-esteem issues and discrimination for those who do not conform to the dominant standards.
Secondly, it can contribute to the commodification of bodies, where individuals are valued based on their marketability rather than their intrinsic worth, further objectifying and dehumanizing them. These implications underscore the broader dynamics of power, privilege, and societal expectations that shape interpersonal relationships and societal perceptions of attractiveness.
Learn more about erotic marketplace
https://brainly.com/question/31445126
#SPJ11
(Utilitarianism): Imagine that you are a surgeon with five terminally ill patients. If you could kill a healthy individual and harvest his organs in order to transplant them into the bodies of the five dying patients and thereby save their lives at the expense of the one innocent healthy person, would you do so? Why or why not?
The scenario you presented raises a complex ethical dilemma that intersects with the principles of utilitarianism.
Utilitarianism is a consequentialist ethical theory that suggests the morally right action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or utility. In this case, the question revolves around the principle of maximizing overall happiness by saving the lives of five terminally ill patients at the expense of one innocent healthy person.
From a utilitarian perspective, the decision to sacrifice one healthy individual to save five dying patients could be seen as justifiable if it leads to a net increase in overall happiness. By saving five lives, it can be argued that the greater number of people benefiting from the transplants would result in a greater overall happiness compared to the one healthy individual who would suffer.
However, it is crucial to recognize that this scenario presents profound moral and ethical implications. It challenges our notions of individual rights, the intrinsic value of human life, and the potential for unjustifiable harm to an innocent person. Utilitarianism, as a consequentialist theory, focuses primarily on outcomes, but it is essential to consider other ethical frameworks and principles that emphasize individual rights, justice, and respect for autonomy.
Different individuals may hold varying perspectives on this moral dilemma, and ethical debates surrounding such scenarios are ongoing. It is important to engage in thoughtful discussions that take into account a range of ethical considerations, societal norms, legal frameworks, and individual values when addressing such complex and profound ethical dilemmas.
To learn more about utilitarianism, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/28148663
#SPJ11
TRUE / FALSE. "A logical positivist would believe that the statement ""God
exists"" is meaningful.
A statement like "God exists" cannot be empirically verified or tested through scientific methods, which means it is not considered meaningful according to the principles of logical positivism. The statement is considered to be meaningless by logical positivists. Therefore, the statement wrong.
A logical positivist would not believe that the statement "God exists" is meaningful.
Logical positivism is a school of philosophy that holds that all meaningful statements must be empirically verifiable or at least in principle verifiable through scientific methods. If a statement cannot be verified through empirical evidence or scientific methods, it is considered meaningless.
Read more about logical positivism here:
https://brainly.com/question/32366880
#SPJ11
Question 5 (5 points) Choose a sense (hearing, taste, touch, smell, vision) and describe how it changes in Middle and Late Adulthood.
In Middle and Late Adulthood, the sense of vision changes due to the natural aging process. Our ability to see sharp details, distinguish colors, and adjust to different levels of light begins to decline.
In Middle Adulthood, the eye lenses become less flexible and the pupils shrink. As a result, our eyes cannot focus on nearby objects as easily, making it more difficult to read small print or focus on screens for long periods of time.
Eye fatigue and headaches are common. In Late Adulthood, the loss of visual acuity becomes more significant. Age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, and glaucoma are common conditions that can further impair vision.
Night vision also declines, making it difficult to drive at night or see in low-light conditions.
Overall, the sense of vision undergoes significant changes in Middle and Late Adulthood, leading to decreased visual acuity and difficulty seeing in different lighting conditions.
Know more about Late Adulthood here:
https://brainly.com/question/32502690
#SPJ11
How does political ideology influence public policy change? 150
words
Political ideology refers to a particular set of beliefs and values that shape an individual's or group's view on the government, society, and economy. These beliefs influence public policy change in several ways. This essay will examine how political ideology influences public policy change in different areas.
Influence on Economic Policies: Economic policies reflect the beliefs of a political ideology regarding the role of the government in the economy. For example, conservative political ideologies support free-market capitalism, lower taxes, and less government involvement in the economy. Liberal ideologies, on the other hand, tend to support a larger government role in the economy and higher taxes to fund social programs.
Influence on Social Policies: Political ideology also influences social policies. For example, conservative ideologies tend to favor traditional values, while liberal ideologies support progressive values. These values are reflected in policies that regulate social issues such as same-se-x marriage, abortion, and immigration.
Influence on Foreign Policy: Political ideology influences foreign policy as well. For instance, conservative ideologies tend to favor military interventionism, while liberal ideologies tend to prefer diplomacy and peace-building.
Influence on Environmental Policy: Political ideology also influences environmental policy. Conservative ideologies tend to favor industry growth over environmental protection, while liberal ideologies tend to prioritize environmental protection over industrial growth.
Conclusion: Political ideology has a significant impact on public policy change. The beliefs and values of a particular political ideology shape public policy in different areas such as economic policies, social policies, foreign policies, and environmental policies. The political ideology of a government can determine the direction of public policy, as well as the pace and scope of public policy change.
To learn more about Economic policies check the link below-
https://brainly.com/question/30104788
#SPJ11
The civil rights movement gained momentum in the 1950s, nearly
ninety years after Reconstruction. Explain why the movement finally
took off in the 1950s. What caused it to do so? Be sure to think
back
The civil rights movement gained momentum in the 1950s due to a combination of various factors, including societal changes, legal victories, and influential figures who pushed for racial equality.
Legacy of Reconstruction: The civil rights movement of the 1950s built upon the foundation laid by earlier efforts for racial equality, such as the Reconstruction era in the late 19th century.
Although Reconstruction was ultimately undermined by discriminatory laws and practices, it planted the seeds for future activism and aspirations for equal rights.
Post-World War II Context: The 1950s marked a post-World War II era characterized by increased social awareness and demands for justice and equality.
The war effort highlighted the contradictions between fighting for freedom abroad while racial discrimination persisted at home, motivating individuals to challenge segregation and discrimination.
Legal Victories: Legal victories, such as the landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, played a crucial role in igniting the civil rights movement. The ruling declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, challenging the doctrine of "separate but equal" established by Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896.
Grassroots Activism: Grassroots activism and community organizing efforts played a significant role in mobilizing support for the civil rights movement.
Organizations like the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) were instrumental in organizing protests, boycotts, and marches.
Influential Figures: Prominent leaders like Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X emerged during this period, providing powerful voices and inspiring actions for racial equality. Their activism and messages resonated with the broader public and helped galvanize the movement.
In summary, the civil rights movement gained momentum in the 1950s due to a combination of factors, including the legacy of Reconstruction, the post-World War II context, legal victories, grassroots activism, and influential figures.
Know more about the civil rights movement click here:
https://brainly.com/question/32042116
#SPJ11
Students will discuss and provide examples in order to display the various leadership theories illustrated within the film. The following issues discuss leadership lessons learned. The Movie and its examples are provided to educate the reader about the Leadership styles within movies, specifically The Pursuit of Happiness. The aim is for students to apply the theories of leadership covered in-class and their reading to respond to questions on the "fact sheet’.
1) Basic Plot: In your own words, briefly describe the basic plot.
2) Cast of Main Characters: List the main characters and identify the Leader.
3) Summary of the movie: What Leadership Theories and Leadership Styles have you identified from your character analysis of the leader in the movie?
4) From the behavioural perspective, how would you describe the Leader (i.e., the leading main character?
5) Referencing the relevant behavioural perspective/theory. Why does the Leader’s behaviour create such a pronounced reaction from followers?
6) Is the Leader (i.e., the leading main character) intrinsically or extrinsically motivated? Explain your answer.
7) Is there evidence of the application of the Path-Goal Theory of Leadership in this movie? Justify your answer.
8) In general, do you think the leading main character is more task oriented or relationship oriented? Give reasons for your answer.
9) What score do you think the leading main character would get on the Leadership Grid© (formerly the Managerial Grid by Robert R. Blake and Jane S. Mouton)?
10) Do you think the leader (i.e., the leading main character) should change his/her leadership style? Justify your answer (would he/she be more or less effective if he/she changed?
11) Do you think the leader’s approach to leadership is due to his/her gender?
1. Basic plot: Briefly, The Pursuit of Happiness is a movie that is inspired by a true story about a struggling salesman, Chris Gardner, who is trying to make a living in San Francisco. Chris’ wife leaves him and he is left with the responsibility of caring for their five-year-old son. Chris takes an unpaid internship at a stock brokerage firm where he hopes to prove himself and turn his life around.
2. Cast of main characters: Chris Gardner - Will Smith, Christopher - Jaden Smith, Linda - Thandie Newton, Jay Twistle - Brian Howe, Martin Frohm - James Karen, Walter Ribbon - Kurt Fuller,
3. Leadership theories and styles: The transformational leadership style was the most prominent leadership style in the movie. Chris Gardner demonstrates the transformational leadership style as he works tirelessly to provide for his son, putting his needs above his own.
4. Behavioural perspective: Chris Gardner, from a behavioural perspective, is proactive. In the face of challenges, he is persistent and perseveres until he achieves his goals. He has an unyielding drive and work ethic, which is demonstrated throughout the movie.
5. The leader's behaviour and its reaction: Chris’ behaviour creates a pronounced reaction from followers as he provides an example of dedication and determination. Chris becomes an inspiration to his fellow interns as they all witness his work ethic and desire to learn.
6. Intrinsic or extrinsic motivation: Chris Gardner is intrinsically motivated. His motivation comes from his personal values, his desire to provide for his son, and his commitment to making a better life for himself and his son.
7. Application of Path-Goal Theory of Leadership: Yes, the movie shows evidence of the Path-Goal Theory of Leadership as Chris sets goals and provides support for his followers to achieve them. He shows support by offering guidance and mentorship to his fellow interns.
8. Task-oriented or relationship-oriented: Chris Gardner is more task-oriented than relationship-oriented. He is focused on achieving his goals and providing for his son, which is evident in his hard work and dedication to his internship
9. Leadership Grid score: Chris Gardner would score 9,9 on the Leadership Grid©. He shows high concern for both people and production.
10. Changing leadership style: Chris’ leadership style is effective, and he should not change it. It would be less effective if he changed his leadership style.
11. Leadership approach and gender: Chris' approach to leadership is not due to his gender. It is based on his values, beliefs, and past experiences, which have shaped his leadership style.
Know more about Pursuit of Happiness here:
https://brainly.com/question/20434346
#SPJ11